TWI770780B - Inner rotor hub motor - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種內轉子式輪轂電機,包含一軸件、一輪轂外殼、一馬達單元、一減速單元及一單向離合單元。該減速單元包括一固定壁、一太陽輪、數個行星軸、數個行星輪、數個副齒輪、一外齒圈及一靠抵件。該單向離合單元包括一第一環件、數個連接於該外齒圈與該第一環件之間的定位銷及一第二環件。該等行星輪分別樞設於該等行星軸而能避免以焊接的方式固定造成變形的情形。該馬達單元的一輸出軸套與該單向離合單元套設於該軸件並設置該等定位銷,能使該輸出軸套、該外齒圈與該單向離合單元保持同心度。該固定壁與該靠抵件則能使該太陽輪轉動時更穩定。An inner rotor type wheel hub motor includes a shaft, a wheel hub shell, a motor unit, a deceleration unit and a one-way clutch unit. The deceleration unit includes a fixed wall, a sun gear, several planetary shafts, several planetary gears, several auxiliary gears, an outer gear ring and an abutting piece. The one-way clutch unit includes a first ring, a plurality of positioning pins connected between the outer ring gear and the first ring, and a second ring. The planetary gears are respectively pivoted on the planetary shafts so as to avoid deformation caused by being fixed by welding. An output shaft sleeve of the motor unit and the one-way clutch unit are sleeved on the shaft member and the positioning pins are arranged so that the output shaft sleeve, the outer gear ring and the one-way clutch unit can maintain concentricity. The fixed wall and the abutting member can make the sun gear more stable when rotating.
Description
本發明是有關於一種驅動裝置,特別是指一種內轉子式輪轂電機。The present invention relates to a driving device, in particular to an inner rotor type in-wheel motor.
一般的自行車輪轂電機分為內轉子式輪轂電機與外轉子式輪轂電機。其中,現有的內轉子式輪轂電機由於轉子設置於內側,因此具有轉動慣量小而易於轉動的優點,而且由於定子設置於外側,因此定子的線圈熱能也較容易對外發散。General bicycle hub motors are divided into inner rotor hub motors and outer rotor hub motors. Among them, the existing inner rotor type in-wheel motor has the advantages of small moment of inertia and easy rotation because the rotor is arranged on the inside, and since the stator is arranged on the outside, the heat energy of the coil of the stator is easily dissipated to the outside.
然而,現有的內轉子式輪轂電機在內轉子轉動時,機構內部的潤滑油會因離心力作用而朝定子的方向移動,因此容易蓄積在外側的定子而造成短路,而且現有的內轉子式輪轂電機都是以焊接的方式固定減速機構的行星齒輪,容易造成齒輪變形。However, in the conventional inner rotor type in-wheel motor, when the inner rotor rotates, the lubricating oil inside the mechanism moves toward the stator due to centrifugal force, so it is easy to accumulate in the outer stator and cause a short circuit, and the conventional inner-rotor type in-wheel motor The planetary gears of the reduction mechanism are fixed by welding, which is easy to cause gear deformation.
此外,目前現有的內轉子式輪轂電機的心軸通常分為三段(例如:CN205901521U),其中相反的兩段是固定於自行車的前叉(或後叉),而位於中間的一轉動段則是供轉子設置而能隨著轉子轉動,因此整體而言製造時的組裝技術較複雜,容易因該轉動段的轉軸偏心而造成轉動不順暢,或因騎乘時的震動造成該轉動段鬆脫或是故障,因此仍有待改善。In addition, the spindle of the existing inner rotor hub motor is usually divided into three sections (for example: CN205901521U), wherein the two opposite sections are fixed to the front fork (or rear fork) of the bicycle, and the rotating section in the middle is It is provided for the rotor to rotate with the rotor. Therefore, the assembly technology during manufacturing is relatively complicated. It is easy to cause unsmooth rotation due to the eccentricity of the rotating shaft of the rotating section, or the rotating section is loosened due to vibration during riding. or malfunction, so there is still room for improvement.
因此,本發明的目的,即在提供一種能克服至少一個先前技術缺點的內轉子式輪轂電機。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an inner rotor type in-wheel motor which overcomes at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.
於是,本發明內轉子式輪轂電機,包含一軸件、一輪轂外殼、一馬達單元、一減速單元,及一單向離合單元。該軸件沿一軸線延伸。該輪轂外殼受該軸件所支撐並可繞該軸件轉動。Therefore, the inner rotor type in-wheel motor of the present invention includes a shaft member, a hub shell, a motor unit, a deceleration unit, and a one-way clutch unit. The shaft member extends along an axis. The hub shell is supported by the shaft and is rotatable about the shaft.
該馬達單元包括一固設於該軸件的馬達殼、一固設於該馬達殼並環繞該軸件設置的定子、一可轉動地套設於該軸件的輸出軸套,及一環繞該輸出軸套設置的轉子。該馬達殼形成有一朝遠離該軸線方向延伸設置的支撐壁。該輸出軸套具有一凸出於該支撐壁沿該軸線的延伸方向相反於該定子的一側的凸出部。The motor unit includes a motor casing fixed on the shaft member, a stator fixed on the motor casing and disposed around the shaft member, an output shaft sleeve rotatably sleeved on the shaft member, and a stator surrounding the shaft member. The rotor set by the output bushing. The motor housing is formed with a support wall extending in a direction away from the axis. The output shaft sleeve has a protruding portion protruding from a side of the support wall opposite to the stator along the extending direction of the axis.
該減速單元設置於該支撐壁相反於該定子的一側,並包括一與該支撐壁間隔設置的固定壁、一設於該凸出部的太陽輪、數個繞該軸線間隔設置於該固定壁與該支撐壁之間的行星軸、數個分別樞設於該等行星軸並與該太陽輪嚙合的行星輪、數個分別與該等行星輪同軸地連接成一體的副齒輪、一嚙合於該等副齒輪的外齒圈,及一抵靠於該固定壁與該太陽輪之間的靠抵件。The deceleration unit is disposed on the side of the support wall opposite to the stator, and includes a fixed wall spaced from the support wall, a sun gear disposed on the protruding portion, and a plurality of fixed walls spaced around the axis and disposed on the fixed wall. Planetary shafts between the wall and the support wall, several planetary gears pivoted on the planetary shafts and meshing with the sun gear, several auxiliary gears coaxially connected to the planetary gears into one, a meshing on the outer ring gear of the auxiliary gears, and an abutting piece abutting between the fixed wall and the sun gear.
該單向離合單元可轉動地套設於該軸件外,並包括一對應該外齒圈的第一環件、數個繞該軸線間隔設置並連接於該外齒圈與該第一環件之間的定位銷,及一連接於該輪轂外殼的第二環件。該第一環件繞該軸線沿一第一方向轉動時能帶動該第二環件與該輪轂外殼轉動。該第一環件沿一相反於該第一方向的第二方向轉動時,該第一環件與該第二環件相對樞轉。The one-way clutch unit is rotatably sleeved outside the shaft member, and includes a pair of first ring members corresponding to the outer gear ring, a number of spaced apart around the axis and connected to the outer gear ring and the first ring member A positioning pin between the two, and a second ring connected to the hub shell. When the first ring member rotates around the axis in a first direction, it can drive the second ring member and the hub shell to rotate. When the first ring member rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the first ring member and the second ring member pivot relative to each other.
本發明的功效在於:藉由設置該等行星軸,使該等行星輪能分別樞設於該等行星軸而能避免以焊接的方式固定造成變形的情形。將該輸出軸套與該單向離合單元套設於該軸件並設置該等定位銷,能使該輸出軸套、該外齒圈與該單向離合單元保持同心度。而設置該固定壁與該靠抵件則能使該太陽輪轉動時更穩定順暢。The effect of the present invention is: by arranging the planetary shafts, the planetary wheels can be pivoted on the planetary shafts respectively, and the situation of deformation caused by fixing by welding can be avoided. The output shaft sleeve and the one-way clutch unit are sleeved on the shaft member and the positioning pins are arranged, so that the output shaft sleeve, the outer gear ring and the one-way clutch unit can maintain concentricity. The arrangement of the fixed wall and the abutting member can make the sun gear rotate more stably and smoothly.
參閱圖1、圖2及圖3,本發明內轉子式輪轂電機的一實施例,包含一軸件1、一輪轂外殼2、一馬達單元3、一減速單元4,及一單向離合單元5。該軸件1沿一軸線L延伸。1 , 2 and 3 , an embodiment of the inner rotor type in-wheel motor of the present invention includes a
該輪轂外殼2受該軸件1所支撐並可繞該軸件1轉動。The
參閱圖2至圖5,該輪轂外殼2包括一套設於該軸件1的本體21,及一螺接於該本體21的一側並套設於該軸件1的端蓋22。該本體21與該端蓋22界定出一供該馬達單元3與該減速單元4設置的容置空間23。Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5 , the
該端蓋22具有一供該軸線L通過並朝向該本體21的第一側面221,及一由該第一側面221沿該軸線L延伸並凸伸於該容置空間23的延伸部222。The
參閱圖2至圖5,該本體21具有一供該軸線L通過並朝向該端蓋22的第二側面211,及一連接該第一側面221與該第二側面211之間的環繞面212。該第一側面221與該第二側面211沿該軸線L相間隔並相向設置。該容置空間23是由該第一側面221、該第二側面211與該環繞面212界定出。該環繞面212是由對應該馬達單元3的一端往對應該減速單元4的一端並朝遠離該軸線L的方向傾斜設置。2 to 5 , the
該馬達單元3包括一固設於該軸件1的馬達殼31、一固設於該馬達殼31並環繞該軸件1設置的定子32、一可轉動地套設於該軸件1的輸出軸套33,及一環繞該輸出軸套33設置的轉子34。The
該馬達單元3的該馬達殼31具有二沿該軸線L間隔設置的殼部311,及數個連接於該等殼部311之間的連接銷312。該等殼部311之間界定出一開口313。該等殼部311中相鄰該減速單元4的一者具有一朝遠離該軸線L方向延伸設置的支撐壁314。該輸出軸套33具有一凸出於該支撐壁314沿該軸線L的延伸方向相反於該定子32的一側的凸出部331。The
參閱圖2、圖3、圖6及圖7,該減速單元4設置於該支撐壁314相反於該定子32的一側,並包括一與該支撐壁314間隔設置的固定壁41、數個連接於該固定壁41與該支撐壁314之間的固定銷42、一凹設於該固定壁41相反於該支撐壁314的一側的限位槽43、一設於該凸出部331的太陽輪44、三個繞該軸線L間隔設置於該固定壁41與該支撐壁314之間的行星軸45、三個分別樞設於該等行星軸45並與該太陽輪44嚙合的行星輪46、三個分別與該等行星輪46同軸地連接成一體且直徑小於該等行星輪46的副齒輪47、一嚙合於該等副齒輪47的外齒圈48、一抵靠於該固定壁41與該太陽輪44之間的靠抵件49,及三個設置於該固定壁41與該支撐壁314之間的導引壁40。該端蓋22的該延伸部222能繞該軸線L相對於該固定壁41轉動地設置於該限位槽43。每一導引壁40設置於相鄰的兩個行星輪46之間並對應該外齒圈48的內輪廓。在本實施例中,該固定壁41朝該太陽輪44的方向凸伸呈階級狀而抵於該靠抵件49,該靠抵件49是一止推軸承,該等行星輪46與該等副齒輪47是由塑膠材質製成,每一導引壁40具有一繞該軸線L呈彎弧狀的導引部401,及一設於該導引部401相反於該軸線L的一側並與該外齒圈48嚙合的導引齒402。Referring to FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the
參閱圖2、圖5、圖8,該單向離合單元5可轉動地套設於該軸件1外,並包括一對應該外齒圈48的第一環件51、數個繞該軸線L間隔設置並連接於該外齒圈48與該第一環件51之間的定位銷52,及一被該第一環件51環繞且連接於該輪轂外殼2的該端蓋22的第二環件53。Referring to FIGS. 2 , 5 and 8 , the one-
該第一環件51具有一環繞該第二環件53的內環面511。該第二環件53具有一對應該內環面511的外周面531、三個凹設於該外周面531的卡槽532、三個分別設於該等卡槽532的滾珠533,及三個分別設於該等卡槽532的彈性件534。每一卡槽532具有一淺槽端535,及一繞該軸線L相反於該淺槽端535的深槽端536。該深槽端536相距該外周面531的深度大於該淺槽端535的深度。每一彈性件534能恆使各自的滾珠533保持朝向該淺槽端535移動的趨勢。The
該第一環件51繞該軸線L沿一第一方向I轉動時,每一滾珠533受到各自的彈性件534撐抵而位於各自的淺槽端535,該第一環件51能帶動該第二環件53與該輪轂外殼2轉動。該第一環件51沿一相反於該第一方向I的第二方向II轉動時,該第一環件51掣動每一滾珠533朝各自的深槽端536移動,該第一環件51與該第二環件53相對樞轉。When the
參閱圖2、圖3、圖7及圖8,當該內轉子式輪轂電機在運轉時,該轉子34會受到該定子32的磁力作用而帶動該輸出軸套33轉動,藉由該太陽輪44帶動該等行星輪46公轉,再藉由該等副齒輪47帶動該外齒圈48轉動就能達到減速的目的。接著再藉由該單向離合單元5就能進一步地帶動該輪轂外殼2轉動。Referring to FIGS. 2 , 3 , 7 and 8 , when the inner rotor type in-wheel motor is running, the
而藉由設置該單向離合單元5,當該馬達單元3不通電時,一使用者藉由人力帶動該輪轂外殼2轉動時,僅有該第二環件53會隨之轉動而不會帶動該第一環件51,因此能避免帶動該減速單元4與該馬達單元3轉動而增加阻力。By disposing the one-
該內轉子式輪轂電機的優點包含:The advantages of this inner rotor in-wheel motor include:
一、藉由使該輪轂外殼2的該本體21與該端蓋22、該輸出軸套33及該單向離合單元5套設於該軸件1,且藉由設置繞該軸線L間隔設置的該等定位銷52,並藉由使該端蓋22的該延伸部222能繞該軸線L相對於該固定壁41轉動地設置於該限位槽43,能有效地使該輪轂外殼2、該輸出軸套33及該單向離合單元5維持同心度。此外,由於每一導引壁40設置於相鄰的兩個行星輪46之間並對應該外齒圈48的內輪廓,因此也能避免該外齒圈48在轉動時軸心偏移而有助於維持同心度。1. By making the
二、藉由設置該等行星軸45,使該等行星輪46能分別樞設於該等行星軸45而能避免以焊接的方式固定造成變形的情形。2. By arranging the
三、藉由設置該固定壁41與該靠抵件49,該靠抵件49抵靠於該固定壁41與該太陽輪44之間,能使該輸出軸套33與該太陽輪44轉動時更穩定順暢。而且在本實施例中,該靠抵件49是一止推軸承,因此也具有能承受徑向與軸向負荷的功能。而在其他的實施態樣中,該靠抵件49也可以是一止推自動調心軸承,如此還能進一步具有維持該輸出軸套33的同心度的功能。3. By arranging the fixed
四、由於該等行星輪46與該等副齒輪47是由塑膠材質製成,能夠減小該太陽輪44帶動該等行星輪46轉動及該等副齒輪47帶動該外齒圈48轉動時的摩擦力與噪音,而且也能減小該內轉子式輪轂電機的重量。4. Since the
五、參閱圖2、圖3及圖5,藉由設置該等殼部311之間的該開口313,並將該輪轂外殼2的該環繞面212設置呈由對應該馬達單元3的一端往對應該減速單元4的一端並朝遠離該軸線L的方向傾斜,能使該轉子34轉動時受到離心力作用被朝外甩出的潤滑油(圖未示)經由該開口313離開該馬達單元3,並藉由該環繞面212的導引而留置對應於該減速單元4的位置,因此能避免該潤滑油蓄積在外側的定子32而造成短路,同時該潤滑油還能使該減速單元4的該太陽輪44、該等行星輪46、該等副齒輪47與該外齒圈48之間轉動得更順暢。5. Referring to FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , by arranging the
值得一提的是,在本實施例中,該等行星輪46與該等副齒輪47是由塑膠材質製成,然而,不限於此,該等行星輪46與該等副齒輪47也可以是由金屬材質製成,或者每一個副齒輪47也可以是由金屬材質製成而每一行星輪46則是由塑膠材質包膠成形而連接於各自的副齒輪47。It is worth mentioning that, in this embodiment, the
綜上所述,本發明內轉子式輪轂電機,藉由設置該等行星軸45,使該等行星輪46能分別樞設於該等行星軸45而能避免以焊接的方式固定造成變形的情形。將該輸出軸套33與該單向離合單元5套設於該軸件1並設置該等定位銷52,能使該輸出軸套33、該外齒圈48與該單向離合單元5保持同心度。而設置該固定壁41與該靠抵件49則能使該輸出軸套33與該太陽輪44轉動時更穩定順暢,故確實能達成本發明的目的。To sum up, the inner rotor type in-wheel motor of the present invention can avoid the situation of deformation caused by fixing by welding by arranging the
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明的實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍,凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.
1:軸件 2:輪轂外殼 21:本體 211:第二側面 212:環繞面 22:端蓋 221:第一側面 222:延伸部 23:容置空間 3:馬達單元 31:馬達殼 311:殼部 312:連接銷 313:開口 314:支撐壁 32:定子 33:輸出軸套 331:凸出部 34:轉子 4:減速單元 40:導引壁 401:導引部 402:導引齒 41:固定壁 42:固定銷 43:限位槽 44:太陽輪 45:行星軸 46:行星輪 47:副齒輪 48:外齒圈 49:靠抵件 5:單向離合單元 51:第一環件 511:內環面 52:定位銷 53:第二環件 531:外周面 532:卡槽 533:滾珠 534:彈性件 535:淺槽端 536:深槽端 L:軸線 I:第一方向 II:第二方向1: Shaft 2: hub shell 21: Ontology 211: Second side 212: Surround face 22: End cap 221: The first side 222: Extensions 23: Accommodating space 3: Motor unit 31: Motor housing 311: Shell 312: connecting pin 313: Opening 314: Support Wall 32: Stator 33: Output bushing 331: Projection 34: Rotor 4: reduction unit 40: Guide wall 401: Guidance Department 402: Guide tooth 41: Fixed wall 42: Fixed pin 43: Limit slot 44: sun gear 45: Planetary shaft 46: Planetary gear 47: Secondary gear 48: External ring gear 49: Abutment 5: One-way clutch unit 51: The first ring 511: inner ring surface 52: Locating pin 53: Second ring 531: Peripheral surface 532: Card slot 533: Ball 534: Elastic 535: Shallow groove end 536: Deep groove end L: axis I: first direction II: Second direction
本發明的其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中: 圖1是本發明內轉子式輪轂電機的一實施例的一立體組合圖; 圖2是該實施例的一立體分解圖; 圖3是該實施例從另一角度觀看的一立體分解圖; 圖4是該實施例的一左視圖; 圖5是沿圖4的線V-V所取得的一剖視圖; 圖6是沿圖4的線VI-VI所取得的一剖視圖; 圖7是一示意圖,說明該實施例的一減速單元的三個副齒輪、一外齒圈與三導引壁的連接情形;及 圖8是另一示意圖,說明該實施例的一單向離合單元的一第一環件與一第二環件的連接情形。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: 1 is a perspective combined view of an embodiment of an inner rotor type in-wheel motor of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view of this embodiment; Fig. 3 is a perspective exploded view of the embodiment viewed from another angle; Fig. 4 is a left side view of this embodiment; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of Fig. 4; 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of three auxiliary gears, an outer ring gear and three guide walls of a speed reduction unit of this embodiment; and FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a first ring member and a second ring member of a one-way clutch unit of this embodiment.
1:軸件 1: Shaft
2:輪轂外殼 2: hub shell
21:本體 21: Ontology
211:第二側面 211: Second side
212:環繞面 212: Surround face
22:端蓋 22: End cap
221:第一側面 221: The first side
222:延伸部 222: Extensions
23:容置空間 23: Accommodating space
3:馬達單元 3: Motor unit
311:殼部 311: Shell
313:開口 313: Opening
314:支撐壁 314: Support Wall
32:定子 32: Stator
33:輸出軸套 33: Output bushing
331:凸出部 331: Projection
34:轉子 34: Rotor
4:減速單元 4: reduction unit
41:固定壁 41: Fixed wall
43:限位槽 43: Limit slot
48:外齒圈 48: External ring gear
49:靠抵件 49: Abutment
5:單向離合單元 5: One-way clutch unit
51:第一環件 51: The first ring
53:第二環件 53: Second ring
L:軸線 L: axis
Claims (10)
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