TWI762407B - Electrolysis apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrolysis apparatus (1) includes an outer cylinder (2) having an inlet (3) and an outlet (4) on a side surface (2a) of the cylinder; positive electrode plates connected to a first base at equal intervals and arranged near one opening of the inlet (3) and the outlet (4); a negative electrode plates connected to a second base at equal intervals and arranged near an opening of the other of the inlet (3) and the outlet (4); and insulative positive electrode-side spacers (20) each disposed between every adjacent positive electrode plates, or insulative negative electrode-side spacers (30) each disposed between every adjacent negative electrode plates. One opening is positioned radially outward with respect to spaces defined between the positive or negative electrode plates. Each positive or negative electrode-side spacer (20, 30) is provided with an inclined surface inclined with respect to the central axis of the outer cylinder (2), for guiding a flow of a fluid to be processed from one opening toward the central axis direction, or from the central axis direction toward one opening.

Description

Electrolyzer

The present invention relates to an electrolysis device for electrolyzing seawater, brine, water, or liquids for organic synthesis, and other liquids to be treated.

Electrolysis (hereinafter referred to as "electrolysis") seawater, brine, water, or liquids for organic synthesis, etc., according to the application of various liquids (liquid to be treated) The device is called an electrolysis device. The electrolysis device includes an electrolytic tank for electrolyzing the liquid to be treated, an introduction port for introducing the liquid to be treated into the electrolytic tank, and a discharge port for discharging the liquid to be treated after electrolysis from the electrolytic tank. Electrolyzers can be roughly divided into vertical electrolysis devices (hereinafter referred to as "vertical electrolysis devices") arranged upright in the vertical direction, and horizontal electrolysis devices (hereinafter referred to as "horizontal electrolysis devices") lying down or inclined in the horizontal direction. Electrolyzer”). In the electrolytic cell, a plurality of electrode plates (bipolar type or unipolar type) for electrolyzing the liquid to be treated are accommodated. In the past, regardless of whether it is a vertical type electrolysis device or a horizontal type electrolysis device, efforts have been made to prevent deposits such as scale and the like in the electrolytic cell.

For example, in the vertical electrolysis device of Patent Document 1, the gas lift effect is used to prevent accumulation of deposits such as scale. In the vertical electrolysis apparatus of Patent Document 2, the flow rate in the vicinity of the wall surface of the electrolytic cell is increased by disposing a rectifying plate in another cell connected to the electrolytic cell in which the electrode plate is accommodated, thereby preventing the deposition of the deposits. In addition, in the horizontal electrolysis apparatus of Patent Document 3, by slanting the electrolytic cell, the liquid to be treated flowing inside the electrolytic cell becomes an upward flow, thereby preventing the deposition of the adhering matter. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-79484 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 61-43266 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-30265

[The problem to be solved by the invention]

However, as in the vertical electrolysis apparatus of Patent Document 1, in the vertical direction in the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell (the height direction in the case of the vertical electrolytic apparatus), that is, in the electrolytic cell in which the introduction port and the discharge port are provided on the side surface of the electrolytic cell Even if the gas lift effect is used in the tank, the flow velocity of the liquid to be treated becomes slow near the wall surface of the electrolytic tank facing the inlet or the discharge port, so deposits such as scale are easily deposited near the wall surface. Here, by providing the straightening plate as in Patent Document 2 in the vertical electrolysis apparatus of Patent Document 1, the effect of preventing deposition of the deposits can be improved similarly to the horizontal electrolysis apparatus of Patent Document 3. However, in Patent Document 2, since the rectifying plate is arranged in a tank other than the electrolytic tank in which the electrode plate is accommodated, the size of the electrolytic apparatus is increased. In order to avoid this increase in size, it is considered to arrange a rectifier plate inside the electrolytic cell. However, since a plurality of electrode plates are housed in the electrolytic cell in the form of a densely arranged electrode module, if the rectifier plate is spaced apart from the electrode module, the electrolytic cell has to be made larger than before. As a result, the electrolysis device cannot be avoided. Scale up.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vertical type electrolysis device or a horizontal type electrolysis device in which an introduction port and a discharge port are arranged on the side surface of a cylindrical electrolytic cell, which can suppress the accumulation of deposits such as scales, and further Miniaturized electrolysis device. [Means for solving problems]

The electrolysis device of the present invention is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the introduction port and the discharge port of the liquid to be treated are spaced apart from each other in the central axis direction, and are respectively arranged on the side surface of the outer cylinder. The stacking direction is equally spaced, is connected to a metal and plate-shaped first polar base, extends in the center axis direction inside the outer cylinder, and is arranged at one of the inlet port and the outlet port A plurality of first electrode plates of the first polarity in the vicinity of the opening are connected to a metal plate-shaped second polarity base at equal intervals in the lamination direction and extend in the direction of the center axis inside the outer cylinder, and A plurality of second electrode plates of the second polarity disposed near the other opening of the inlet port and the discharge port, and a plurality of first electrodes of insulating properties disposed between all of the plurality of first electrode plates Side spacers. The one opening is located on the radially outer side of the outer cylinder, from a gap formed between the plurality of first electrode plates in the stacking direction to a direction orthogonal to the central axis direction and the stacking direction, and the other Openings are located on the radially outer side of the outer cylinder, and the plurality of first electrodes extend from gaps in the stacking direction formed between the plurality of second electrode plates to the direction orthogonal to the central axis direction and the stacking direction. A side spacer having an inclined surface inclined from the direction of the central axis, one opening from the one opening toward the direction of the central axis, or opening from the direction of the central axis to the one to induce the flow of the liquid to be treated; the first electrode side The spacer includes a spacer arranged at the ends of two adjacent first electrode plates so as to substantially completely plug the gap between the two first electrode plates at the ends, and is sandwiched and fixed between the two first electrode plates. A first spacer between the first electrode plates and the second polarity electrode plates. [Effect of invention]

According to the electrolysis apparatus of the present invention, the first electrode-side spacer serves not only as an insulating spacer for preventing contact between adjacent first electrode plates but also as a rectifier plate for inducing the flow of the liquid to be treated. function. That is, the size of the electrolysis device can be reduced, and the deposition of deposits such as scale can be suppressed.

Hereinafter, the electrolysis apparatus of the embodiment and the modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 . The embodiments and modified examples shown below are only examples, and are not intended to exclude the application of various modifications or techniques that are not specified. Various modifications can be implemented in the respective configurations shown in the embodiments and the modified examples within the range that does not deviate from these gist. In addition, each of these structures may be selected according to needs, or may be appropriately combined in addition to the constituent elements necessary for the present invention.

In the electrolysis apparatus of the embodiment and the modification, a cylindrical outer cylinder is used for the electrolytic cell. Next, an introduction port for introducing the liquid to be treated into the outer cylinder and a discharge port for discharging the electrolyzed liquid to be treated from the inside of the outer cylinder are arranged on the side surface of the outer cylinder. Specifically, the introduction port and the discharge port are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the direction of the central axis of the outer cylinder (hereinafter referred to as "the direction of the central axis" or "the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell"), and are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the central axis. Orientation (ie, the side of the outer cylinder).

The electrolytic apparatus of the embodiment and the modification may be a vertical type in which the central axis of the outer cylinder is substantially in the vertical direction, or may be a horizontal type in which the central axis of the outer cylinder is substantially in the horizontal direction. In addition, "substantially the vertical direction" mentioned here includes not only the vertical direction but also the direction inclined by 45 degrees or more from the horizontal direction. In addition, "substantially the horizontal direction" includes not only the horizontal direction, but also the direction inclined by less than 45 degrees from the horizontal direction. In both vertical and horizontal electrolytic cells, it is preferable to design the liquid to be treated flowing inside the electrolytic cell to be an upward flow.

First, the electrolysis apparatus of the embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 . In the embodiment, a bipolar horizontal electrolysis device is shown as an example. Then, the electrolysis apparatus of a modification is demonstrated using FIG. 8. FIG. In the modification, as an example, a unipolar horizontal electrolysis device is shown. In addition, in the drawing, for the convenience of description, a Cartesian coordinate system constituted by the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis is appropriately used for description. 1 to 5, the drawings are appropriately simplified, so there are slight differences in the number of electrode plates (anode plates, cathode plates, bipolar electrode plates) in each drawing, but they are all for illustration. A diagram of the same electrolyzer used.

[1. The overall structure of the electrolysis device 1 of the embodiment] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the electrolysis apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is a bipolar horizontal electrolysis apparatus in which the central axis of the outer cylinder 2 of the cylindrical electrolytic cell is arranged so that the X axis coincides with it. . The X-axis may be arranged in the horizontal direction (direction perpendicular to the vertical direction), but it is arranged so that the discharge port 4 to be described later is inclined by a certain angle (for example, about 5 degrees) from the horizontal direction so that the discharge port 4 is higher than the inlet port 3 . good. The side surface 2a of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with two openings spaced apart from each other in the X-axis direction. The opening on the left in the figure is the discharge port 4 for discharging the electrolyzed liquid to be treated from the outer cylinder 2 , and the opening on the right in the figure is the inlet 3 for introducing the liquid to be treated into the outer cylinder 2 . In addition, the broken line arrow in FIG. 2 shows the flow direction of the liquid to be treated. Here, an example in which the introduction port 3 and the discharge port 4 are arranged offset from each other by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 2 is shown. Specifically, the inlet port 3 is opened in the negative (−) direction of the Z axis, and the discharge port 4 is opened in the positive (+) direction of the Z axis. The Z axis is perpendicular to the central axis (X axis) of the outer cylinder 2 . In addition, the electrolytic cell is configured to include the outer cylinder 2 and flanges 15N and 15P which will be described later for sealing both ends of the outer cylinder 2 .

The electrolysis device 1 has a plurality of anode plates 12P that are conductively connected to a metal anode current-carrying plate 11P through a metal first base 13P, and a metal second base 13N that is conductively connected to the metal cathode current-carrying plate 11N The plurality of cathode plates 12N. The anode plate 12P and the cathode plate 12N are both rectangular in the XZ plane, extend in the X-axis direction inside the outer cylinder 2, and are stacked (arranged side by side) at equal intervals in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to both the X-axis and the Z-axis. . The anode plate 12P is disposed in the vicinity of one opening (here, the discharge port 4 ) of the introduction port 3 and the discharge port 4 , and the cathode plate 12N is disposed in the vicinity of the other opening of the introduction port 3 and the discharge port 4 (here, the discharge port 4 ). is near the inlet 3).

In the electrolysis apparatus 1, an anode current-carrying plate 11P formed by bending into an L-shape, a rectangular first base 13P in the YZ plane fixed to the anode current-carrying plate 11P, and a plurality of anode plates 12P fixed to the first base 13P , constitute the anode energization block 10P. Similarly, a cathode energizing plate 11N bent into an L shape, a rectangular second base 13N in the YZ plane fixed to the cathode energizing plate 11N, and a plurality of cathode plates 12N fixed to the second base 13N are constituted. Cathode energization block 10N. Furthermore, as will be described later, the first base 13P and the second base 13N are provided with fused bolts 53 for fixing the flanges 15N and 15P on both ends of the sealing outer cylinder 2 in advance at each of the four corners. . The anode energization block 10P and the cathode energization block 10N are respectively attached to both ends of the outer cylinder 2 . Here, among both ends of the outer cylinder 2 , the anode energization block 10P is arranged on the end on the discharge port 4 side, and the cathode energization block 10N is arranged on the end on the inlet port 3 side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , inside the outer cylinder 2 , an electrode module 5 and an electrode support frame 50 for supporting the electrode module 5 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 4 , the electrode module 5 includes an anode plate 12P connected to the first base 13P and a cathode plate 12N connected to the second base 13N, and a plurality of rectangular electrode plates 40 are laminated and formed. In the shape of a quadrangular column. 4, in the electrode module 5, the anode energizing plate 11P and the cathode energizing plate 11N are omitted, and the respective structures are simplified for easy understanding, and the lengths of the spacers 20 and 30 described later in the Y-axis direction are expressed as bigger than it actually is. 1, 3, and 4 are all simplified diagrams, and there are slight differences in the number of electrode plates in each diagram, but they are all diagrams for explaining the same electrolysis device 1. . The number of electrode plates arranged in the electrode module 5 is set to several tens to several hundreds depending on the design. In FIG. 4 , in each of the electrode plates ( 12P, 12N, 40 ), the parts that become anodic are shown by light dots, and the places that become cathodic are shown by dark dots.

Here, since the electrolysis device 1 is a bipolar electrolysis device, the electrode plate 40 is a bipolar electrode plate. That is, both the anodic anode portion 40P and the cathodic cathode portion 40N are formed in one electrode plate 40 . In the case of a unipolar type electrolysis apparatus, as in a modification example to be described later, a unipolar type electrode plate in which only one electrode plate exhibits an anodic property or only a cathodic property is used. Regardless of whether it is a bipolar electrode plate or a unipolar electrode plate, the anodic part and the cathodic part are arranged to face each other in the direction of lamination (Y-axis direction). As shown in FIG. 1 , when the electrolysis device 1 performs electrolysis of the liquid to be treated, the electrode module 5 is electrically connected to the power supply device 6 through the anode energizing plate 11P and the cathode energizing plate 11N. Specifically, the positive potential (+ potential) of the power supply device 6 is applied to the anode energizing plate 11P, and the negative potential (- potential) is applied to the cathode energizing plate 11N, and the electrode plates (12P, 12N) of the electrode module 5 , 40) exhibit a specific polarity among anodic or cathodic. Specifically, the anode plate 12P is anodic, and the cathode plate 12N is cathodic. In addition, half of the electrode plate 40 becomes the anodic anode portion 40P, and the other half becomes the cathodic cathode portion 40N.

The electrode support frame 50, as shown in FIG. 3, has a pair of first support frames 51 sandwiching the electrode module 5 in the lamination direction (Y-axis direction), and in the direction perpendicular to both the X-axis and the lamination direction (that is, in the Z-axis direction), a pair of first support frames 51 is sandwiched therebetween, and a pair of second support frames 52 is fixed to the first support frame 51 . The pair of first support frames 51 are fixed to each other with the anode plate 12P, the cathode plate 12N, and the electrode plate 40 sandwiched therebetween by a plurality of bolts 43 (broken lines in FIG. 4 ) extending in the lamination direction (Y-axis direction). The pair of second support frames 52 are in contact with the end surfaces (XY plane) of the first support frame 51 and are fixed to the first support frame 51 by screws 44 (see FIG. 5 ). In this way, the electrode support frame 50 supports the electrode module 5 by pressing the quadrangular-pillar-shaped electrode module 5 from four directions, and prevents the electrode module 5 from being deformed.

Each of the first support frames 51 includes a rectangular first plate portion 51a corresponding to the length of the electrode module 5 in the X-axis direction, and a plurality of first plate portions 51a integrally formed with the first plate portion 51a and arranged at predetermined intervals in the X-axis direction. The first flange portion 51b. The second support frame 52 includes a rectangular first plate portion 52a corresponding to the length of the electrode module 5 in the X-axis direction, and a plurality of The second flange portion 52b. In the state where the first support frame 51 and the second support frame 52 are fixed to each other, as shown in FIG. 2 , the first flange portion 51b and the second flange portion 52b are combined to form approximately the same inner diameter as the outer cylinder 2 or a slightly different diameter. A circular flange portion 50b with a small outer diameter. Since the flange portion 50b of the electrode support frame 50 is arranged to be in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 2 approximately, the "slack" of the electrode module 5 inside the outer cylinder 2 can be prevented. In addition, the flange portion 50b of the electric shock support frame 50 substantially seals the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 2 and the electrode support frame 50, so that the liquid to be treated can be surely introduced into the interior surrounded by the electrode support frame 50, that is, the electrode mold. Group 5, electrolysis can be performed effectively.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 , among the pair of second support frames 52, the upper second support frame 52 is provided with an opening 52c at a position corresponding to the discharge port 4, and the lower second support frame 52 is provided with an opening 52c. The support frame 52 is provided with an opening 52d at a position corresponding to the introduction port 3 . However, depending on the positions of the introduction port 3 and the discharge port 4 arranged in the outer cylinder 2, openings 52c and 52d may be formed in only one of the pair of second support frames 52. For example, when the introduction port 3 and the discharge port 4 are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 2, openings 52c and 52d are formed in only one of the pair of second support frames 52.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the electrode module 5 including the anode energization block 10P and the cathode energization block 10N is inserted into the outer cylinder 2 after being fixed and bound by the electrode support frame 50 . Next, an annular spacer 16 having approximately the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 2 is arranged on one end surface of the outer cylinder 2 . In addition, the outer shape is substantially the same as that of the first base 13P, a rectangular opening is formed in the center, and rectangular spacers 17 having through holes 18 are respectively formed in the vicinity of the four corners of the opening. In addition, the flange 15P whose center is formed with a rectangular opening 15a having substantially the same shape as the opening of the gasket 17 is disposed. Through holes 15b are respectively provided in the vicinity of the four corners of the opening 15a of the flange 15P.

The positions of the four through holes 18 formed in the gasket 17 and the positions of the four through holes 15b formed in the flange 15P correspond to the positions of the four welding bolts 53 provided in the first base 13P, respectively. . Here, firstly, the four through holes 18 of the gasket 17 are respectively inserted into each of the four welding bolts 53 of the first base 13P, and thereafter, the flanges are inserted into each of the four welding bolts 53 , respectively. Four through holes 15b of 15P. Next, a nut not shown is fitted into the fused bolt 53 , and the first base 13P and the flange 15P are hermetically fixed with the gasket 17 interposed therebetween. Next, the flange 15P and the outer cylinder 2 are hermetically fixed with bolts and nuts (not shown) sandwiching the gasket 16 therebetween.

At one end of the outer cylinder 2, an anode terminal box 14P covering the anode energization plate 11P is fixed to the flange 15P in order to protect the anode energization plate 11P. In addition, the first base 13P and the second base 13N have the same shape, and the flange 15P and the flange 15N have the same shape. That is, similarly on the other end face of the outer cylinder 2, the second base 13N and the flange 15N, as well as the flange 15N and the outer cylinder 2, sandwich a gasket (corresponding to the gaskets 16 and 17) not shown, respectively. ) is hermetically fixed. In addition, in order to protect the cathode energization plate 11N, the cathode terminal box 14N covering the cathode energization plate 11N is fixed to the flange 15N.

[2. Composition of the spacer between the electrolysis device 1] As shown in FIG. 4, the number of the plural anode plates 12P is an even number. That is, the electrolysis apparatus 1 includes, as the anode-side spacer 20 , the anode-side first spacer 21 arranged between all of the two adjacent anode plates 12P among the plurality of anode plates 12P, and the plurality of anode plates The anode-side first spacers 21A, 21B between the anode plates 12P located at both ends and the closest first plate portion 51a among 12P, respectively. In addition, the electrolysis device 1 includes, as the anode-side spacer 20 , a through hole formed in the inside (for example, the central portion) of the anode plate 12P, and is integrated by fitting with the through hole on both sides. The anode side second spacer 22 . The anode-side first spacers 21, 21A, and 21B are respectively disposed at the ends of the anode plate 12P on the first base 13P side, and substantially completely plug the ends between the two anode plates 12P, or, A gap in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction between the anode plate 12P at this end and the first plate portion 51a. In addition, the anode-side second spacer 22 substantially completely plugs the anode plate 12P to which the anode-side second spacer 22 is fixed, and the Y-axis direction between the two electrode plates 40 adjacent to the anode plate 12P. gap. However, as will be described later, the size of the anode-side second spacer 22 is smaller than that of the anode plate 12P in the XZ plane, so the anode plate 12P to which the anode-side second spacer 22 is fixed is viewed from the X-axis direction. When there is a gap between the two electrode plates 40 adjacent thereto, the gap where there is no anode-side second spacer 22 (the vicinity of both ends of the anode-side second spacer 22 in the Z-axis direction) is not plugged , the liquid to be treated can circulate.

On the other hand, the number of the plural cathode plates 12N is an odd number. That is, the electrolysis device 1 includes, as the cathode-side spacer 30 , the ends arranged on the side of the second base 13N of the two adjacent cathode plates 12N, and the two of the ends are substantially completely closed. The first spacer 31 on the cathode side of the gap in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction between all the cathode plates 12N and the inside of the electrode plate 40 (for example, the anode) formed between the two cathode plates 12N pass through. The through hole of the part) is a cathode side second spacer 32 which is integrated with the through hole on both sides and fitted together. The cathode-side second spacer 32 substantially completely plugs the gap in the Y-axis direction between the electrode plate 40 to which the cathode-side second spacer 32 is fixed and the two cathode plates 12N adjacent to the electrode plate 40 . However, as described later, the size of the cathode-side second spacer 32 is smaller than the size of the electrode plate 40 in the XZ plane, so the electrode plate 40 to which the cathode-side second spacer 32 is fixed is viewed from the X-axis direction. When there is a gap between the two adjacent cathode plates 12N, the gap where there is no cathode-side second spacer 32 (the vicinity of both ends of the cathode-side second spacer 32 in the Z-axis direction) is not plugged , the liquid to be treated can circulate.

In addition, the concept of “substantially completely plugging the gap” mentioned above means that in addition to completely plugging the gap between two adjacent electrode plates, or the gap between the electrode plate and the electrode support frame 50, it also includes the The gap is plugged with a small space left. Because of "substantially completely plugging the gap", any spacer can smoothly induce the liquid to be treated. The anode-side spacer 20 may also be disposed in contact with two adjacent anode plates 12P, and the cathode-side spacer 30 may also be disposed in contact with two adjacent cathode plates 12N. The anode-side spacer 20 and the cathode-side spacer 30 are formed of a material with high insulating properties (eg, rubber or plastic resin).

The plurality of anode-side spacers 20 have inclined surfaces inclined to the central axis (X-axis) of the outer cylinder 2, and one opening (for example, the inlet port 3) faces the X-axis direction, or one opening (for example, the discharge port 4) faces the X-axis direction. ) to induce the circulation of the treated liquid. In short, the anode-side spacer 20 has a function as a rectifying plate in addition to its original function of not short-circuiting the two adjacent anode plates 12P by contacting each other. When the above-mentioned "one opening" is the discharge port 4, the anode-side spacer 20 induces the flow of the liquid to be treated toward the discharge port 4 from the X-axis direction as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 2 . The discharge port 4 is located radially outside the gap formed between the plurality of anode plates 12P. In FIG. 2 , the discharge port 4 is located at a position before the flow direction of the liquid to be treated is changed by approximately 90 degrees by the anode-side spacer 20 .

The plurality of cathode-side spacers 30 have inclined surfaces inclined to the central axis (X-axis) of the outer cylinder 2, and open toward the other side (eg, the discharge port 4 ) from the X-axis direction, or from the other side (eg, the inlet port 3 ) toward the In the X-axis direction, the flow of the liquid to be treated is induced. In short, the cathode-side spacer 30 also has a function as a rectifying plate in addition to the original function of short-circuiting the adjacent cathode plates 12N without contacting each other. When the above-mentioned "the other opening" is the introduction port 3, the cathode-side separator 30 induces the flow of the liquid to be treated toward the X-axis direction from the introduction port 3 as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 2 . The introduction port 3 is located radially outside the gap formed between the plurality of cathode plates 12N. In FIG. 2 , the flow direction of the liquid to be treated introduced through the introduction port 3 is changed by approximately 90 degrees by the cathode side spacer 30 .

In the electrolysis device 1, since the inlet port 3 and the outlet port 4 are provided at a distance of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 2, the inclined surface of the cathode-side spacer 30 and the inclined surface of the anode-side spacer 20 are aligned with the central axis (X axis). Tilt about 45 degrees.

Next, the shapes of the anode-side first spacers 21 , 21A, and 21B of the anode-side spacer 20 and the cathode-side first spacer 31 of the cathode-side spacer 30 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , those arranged differently from each other have the same shape as shown in the XZ plane of FIG. 6( a ) viewed from the Y-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 6( a ), the anode-side first spacers 21 , 21A, and 21B and the cathode-side first spacer 31 , when viewed in the Y-axis direction, are provided with: the anode plate 12P or the cathode plate 12N in the Z-axis direction The length is a rectangular portion of the same size, and a roughly right-angled triangular portion protruding from one corner of the rectangular portion in the X-axis direction. The right angle of the roughly right-angled triangular portion is connected to the corner of the rectangular portion, and the rectangular portion and the roughly right-angled triangular portion are integrally formed. The inclined surface 231 corresponding to the hypotenuse of the approximately right-angled triangular portion is one of the inclined surfaces of the anode-side spacer 20 and the cathode-side spacer 30 . In addition, although this inclined surface 231 is a linear inclined surface here, in order to induce the flow of the liquid to be treated more smoothly, it may be an arc-shaped inclined surface concave toward the aforementioned rectangular portion.

As shown in FIG. 6( a ), in the anode-side first spacers 21 , 21A, 21B, and the rectangular portion of the cathode-side first spacer 31 of the cathode-side spacer 30 , plural numbers are formed that are separated in the Z-axis direction. Through hole 232 . Here, as an example, two through holes 232 are formed in these spacers. Through holes (not shown) are formed in the anode plate 12P and the cathode plate 12N at positions corresponding to the through holes 232 of these spacers. Next, these spacers are fixed and bound to the pair of first plate portions 51a together with the corresponding electrode plates with through bolts (not shown) having a diameter of several mm corresponding to the through holes 232 .

As shown in FIG. 6( b ), a concave notch penetrating in the Z-axis direction is formed in the central portion in the Y-axis direction of the roughly right-angled triangle portion of the anode-side first spacer 21 and the cathode-side first spacer 31 . Section 233. The notch portion 233 of the anode-side first spacer 21 is fixed to sandwich the cathode portion 40N of the electrode plate 40 arranged between the two adjacent anode plates 12P. In addition, the notch part 233 of the cathode side 1st spacer 31 is fixed to sandwich the anode part 40P of the electrode plate 40 arrange|positioned between two adjacent cathode plates 12N.

As shown in FIG.6(c), the step part 234 recessed in the Y-axis direction is formed in the edge part of the upper right side of the XY plane of 21 A of anode side 1st spacer spacers. On one side of the electrode plates 40 located at both ends of the electrode module 5 in the stacking direction, for example, the cathode portion 40N of the electrode plate 40 located at the top in FIG. of depressions. Next, the stage portion 234 of the anode-side first spacer 21A and the first plate portion 51a are fixed to sandwich the cathode portion 40N of the electrode plate 40 . Moreover, as shown in FIG.6(d), the step part 235 recessed in the Y-axis direction is formed in the edge part of the lower right of the XY plane of the anode side 1st spacer spacer 21B. On one side of the electrode plates 40 located at both ends of the electrode module 5 in the stacking direction, for example, the cathode portion 40N of the electrode plate 40 located at the bottom in FIG. of depressions. Next, the stage portion 235 of the anode-side first spacer 21B and the first plate portion 51a are fixed to sandwich the cathode portion 40N of the electrode plate 40 .

Next, the shape of the anode-side second spacer 22 of the anode-side spacer 20 and the cathode-side second spacer 32 of the cathode-side spacer 30 will be described in detail. As shown in the respective exploded views of FIG. 7 , those which are arranged differently from each other as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 have the same shape. The length of these second spacers 22 and 32 is shorter than the Z-axis length of the anode plate 12P or the cathode plate 12N, and preferably about half of the Z-axis length. The anode-side second spacer 22 is composed of a plate-shaped spacer 22A having convex portions 236 at both ends, and a plate-shaped spacer 22B having a concave portion 237 having a diameter of several mm at both ends. As shown in FIG. 7 , the concave portion 237 of the spacer 22B protrudes from the plate-like portion of the spacer 22B. Next, specifically, the two convex portions 236 of the spacer 22A and the two concave portions 237 of the spacer 22B are integrated by mutual fitting (fixed by rivets) to form a rectangular (or linear) and plate-like shape. The anode side second spacer 22 . The cathode-side second spacer 32 is composed of a plate-shaped spacer 32A having convex portions 236 at both ends, and a plate-shaped spacer 32B having a concave portion 237 having a diameter of several mm at both ends. As shown in FIG. 7 , the concave portion 237 of the spacer 32B protrudes from the plate-like portion of the spacer 32B. Next, specifically, the two convex parts 236 of the spacer 32A and the two concave parts 237 of the spacer 32B are integrated by mutual fitting (fixed by rivets) to form a rectangular (or linear) and plate-like shape. The cathode side second spacer 32 .

The anode-side second spacer 22 is inserted through one of the surfaces of the anode plate 12P through two through holes (not shown, but as small as the recesses 237 ) formed inside the anode plate 12P. The two concave portions 237 of the spacer 22B are fitted to the concave portions 237 corresponding to the two convex portions 236 of the spacer 22A from the other surface of the anode plate 12P, and are fixed to the anode plate 12P. As shown in FIG. 5 , the anode-side second spacer 22 is disposed at the center of the outer cylinder 2 in the Z-axis direction, and the center is equal to the center of the opening 52 c in the X-axis direction. The hollow arrow in FIG. 5 shows an example of the flow of the liquid to be treated. When the liquid to be treated flows along the X-axis, the first spacer 21 on the anode side is formed by the inclined surface inclined from the X-axis direction (central axis direction). The inclined surface 231 and the inclined surface 238 of the anode-side second spacer 22 effectively induce the flow of the liquid to be treated toward the discharge port 4 . In addition, although the inclined surface 238 has a linear shape here, in order to induce the flow of the liquid to be treated more smoothly, it may have a circular arc shape concave toward the discharge port 4 . That is, the second spacer 22 on the anode side reduces the flow of the liquid to be treated by dividing the flow of the liquid to be treated, which directly conflicts with the flow of the liquid to be treated in the first spacer 21 on the anode side. The flow of the anode side is hindered, and two spacers, such as the anode-side first spacer 21 and the anode-side second spacer 22, are arranged in the vicinity of the anode plate 12P, compared with the case where only the anode-side first spacer 21 is arranged , it is possible to more effectively suppress the accumulation of deposits such as scale in the vicinity of the anode plate 12P. In addition, depending on the design, as the anode-side spacer 20 , the anode-side second spacer 22 may not be disposed, and only the anode-side first spacer may be disposed.

The cathode-side second spacer 32 is formed in two through holes (not shown. However, it is a minute through hole equivalent to the concave portion 237) formed in the inside of the electrode plate 40 arranged between the two adjacent cathode plates 12N. ), by inserting the two concave parts 237 of the spacer 32B from one surface of the electrode plate 40, the other surface of the electrode plate 40 is fitted into the concave parts corresponding to the two convex parts 236 of the spacer 32A 237, and is fixed to the electrode plate 40. As shown in FIG. 2 , the cathode-side second spacer 32 is disposed at the center of the outer cylinder 2 in the Z-axis direction, and the center is equal to the center of the opening 52d in the X-axis direction. When the liquid to be treated is introduced from the inlet 3, the inclined surfaces inclined from the X-axis direction (center axis direction), that is, the inclined surfaces 231 of the cathode-side first spacer 31 and the inclined surfaces of the cathode-side second spacer 32 238, effectively inducing the flow of the liquid to be treated toward the X-axis direction. In addition, although this inclined surface 238 has a linear shape here, in order to induce the flow of a to-be-processed liquid more smoothly, it may be a circular arc shape concave toward the negative (-) X-axis direction. That is, the second separator 32 on the cathode side reduces the flow of the liquid to be treated by dividing the flow of the liquid to be treated, which directly conflicts with the flow of the liquid to be treated in the first separator 31 on the cathode side, and in order to prevent the liquid to be treated rectified by the first separator 31 on the cathode side. The flow of the cathode side is blocked, and two spacers, such as the cathode side first spacer 31 and the cathode side second spacer 32, are arranged in the vicinity of the cathode plate 12N, compared with the case where only the cathode side first spacer 31 is arranged , can more effectively suppress the accumulation of deposits such as scale in the vicinity of the cathode plate 12N. In addition, depending on the design, as the cathode-side spacer 30 , the cathode-side second spacer 32 may not be disposed, and only the cathode-side first spacer 31 may be disposed.

In addition, the electrolysis device 1 is provided with a plurality of spherical or elongated rugby-shaped insulating spacers in the Y-axis direction so that the plurality of bipolar electrode plates 40 are not in contact with each other, as shown by the two-dotted line in FIG. 4 . 33 is also possible. The size of the XZ plane of the spacer 33 is preferably as small as possible compared to the size of the XZ plane of the electrode plate 40 . As described above, in FIG. 4 , a simplified diagram is shown for easy understanding, and the length of the spacer 33 in the Y-axis direction is shown to be larger than the actual length. The spacer 33, like the anode-side second spacer 22 and the cathode-side second spacer 32, is a hemispherical or semi-rugby-shaped spacer with convex portions at both ends, and a concave portion (with a diameter of several mm) at both ends. Similar to the anode-side second spacer 22 and the cathode-side second spacer 32, the spacer is formed of a protruding hemispherical or semi-rugby-shaped spacer. The spacer 33 is formed in two through holes (not shown, but are micro through holes equivalent to the concave portion) formed inside the electrode plate 40 , and one of the spacers is inserted through one of the surfaces of the electrode plate 40 . The two concave portions of the electrode plate 40 are fixed to the electrode plate 40 by fitting into the concave portions corresponding to the two convex portions of the other spacer from the other surface of the electrode plate 40 . In addition, the spacer 33 may have a hollow cylindrical shape penetrating through the bolt 43 . In this case, the spacer 33 is sandwiched between the anode portion 40P of the electrode plate 40 and the cathode portion 40N facing in the Y-axis direction, and is fixed with bolts 43 .

[3. Example of use of electrolysis device 1] In the electrolysis apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the anode-side spacer 20 and the cathode-side spacer 30 not only function as insulating spacers for preventing contact between the stacked electrode plates, but also effectively suppress the The accumulation of deposits such as scale acts as a rectifier plate. That is, the electrolysis device 1 can be miniaturized and the frequency of maintenance can be reduced, so that it can operate for a long time. The electrolysis device 1 produces different products by electrolysis depending on the type of the liquid to be treated. For example, when the liquid to be treated is seawater or salt water, the product is sodium hypochlorite (hypochlorous acid soda). That is, the electrolysis device 1 that can be downsized and can operate for a long time is useful as a sodium hypochlorite generating device this year that is effective in sterilizing the novel coronavirus that is prevalent in the world. In general, commercially available sodium hypochlorite is used as a disinfectant by diluting with water, so it is inconvenient. However, according to the electrolysis device 1, it is possible to directly generate a concentration (0.05%, 500 mg/L) recommended by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (equivalent to the Ministry of Health and Welfare) as a safe concentration with little effect on the human body and a concentration with medicinal effect. Sodium hypochlorite. That is, the sodium hypochlorite generated by the electrolysis device 1 does not need to be diluted with water, so it is not limited to the new coronavirus, but is particularly useful when it is necessary to disperse a large amount in factories or roads for disinfection of other viruses and bacteria.

在陽極(陽極板12P、電極板40的陽極部40P)產生的氯(Cl ₂)，與在陰極(陰極板12N、電極板40的陰極部40N)產生的氫氧化鈉(NaOH)在電解槽內如以下所述地反應，產生次氯酸鈉(NaClO)。

The principle of generating sodium hypochlorite according to the electrolysis apparatus 1 is shown below. The liquid to be treated is seawater or salt water.

Chlorine (Cl ₂ ) generated at the anode (anode plate 12P, anode portion 40P of electrode plate 40 ), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) generated at the cathode (cathode plate 12N, cathode portion 40N of electrode plate 40 ) in the electrolytic cell The reaction proceeds as described below to produce sodium hypochlorite (NaClO).

The electrolysis device 1, for example, sets the current density to 5A/dm ² (ampere/square inch (decimeter)), and performs electrolysis for about 12 hours using inexpensive nighttime electricity, so that low-concentration chloride ions ( 100mg/L～2000mg/L) are all converted into sodium hypochlorite (100mg/L) at a concentration (0.05%, 500mg/L) recommended by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (equivalent to the Ministry of Health and Welfare) under the new coronavirus countermeasures and about 1 ton ~2000mg/L). That is, for example, if the electrolysis device 1 is installed on the loading platform of a small truck, and the electrolysis device 1 is operated the night before the scheduled date of distributing the disinfectant, during the daytime on the scheduled day, it can be used on the preparation platform of the incinerator in a wide space or Distribute sodium hypochlorite disinfectant with a concentration recommended by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (equivalent to the Ministry of Health and Welfare) on general roads, etc.

[4. Modifications] FIG. 8 shows the electrode module 5 ′ in the case where the electrode module 5 of the electrolysis device 1 of the embodiment is a unipolar type. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 . The unipolar electrode module 5 ′ shown in FIG. 8 is the biggest difference in that there is no electrode plate 40 arranged in the bipolar electrode module 5 shown in FIG. 4 . In FIG. 8 , similarly to FIG. 4 , the portion of the anode is shown in a light-dot pattern, and the portion of the cathode is shown in a dark-dot pattern. In addition, in FIG. 8, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as FIG. 4, and description is abbreviate|omitted including the effect.

In the unipolar electrode module 5', among the plurality of cathode plates 12N, an anode plate 12P is arranged between two adjacent cathode plates 12N. That is, the notch part 233 of the cathode-side first separator 31 is fixed to sandwich the anode plate 12P. In addition, the notch part 233 of the anode-side first separator 21 is fixed to sandwich the cathode plate 12N. Furthermore, in the unipolar electrode module 5', since the electrode plate 40 of the bipolar electrode module 5 does not exist, the second spacer 32 on the cathode side is formed on the adjacent two cathode plates 12N. Between the two through holes (not shown, but small through holes equivalent to the concave portion 237 ) inside the anode plate 12P are inserted through the two concave portions 237 of the spacer 32B through one surface of the anode plate 12P. , the other surface of the anode plate 12P is fitted into the concave portion 237 corresponding to the two convex portions 236 of the spacer 32A, and is fixed to the anode plate 12P. That is, the anode-side second spacer 22 and the cathode-side second spacer 32 are fixed to the anode plate 12P.

In addition, similarly to the electrode module 5, the spacer 33 may be arranged in the electrode module 5'. However, the spacer 33 is fixed to the anode plate 12P. Specifically, two through holes (not shown) formed in the inside (for example, the central portion) of the anode plate 12P are inserted through the spacer 33 through one of the surfaces of the anode plate 12P. Each concave portion is fixed to the anode plate 12P by fitting the other surface of the anode plate 12P into the concave portion of the two convex portions of the spacer corresponding to the other side of the spacer 33 .

As described above, in the electrolysis apparatus of the present embodiment and the modification, the cathode-side spacer 30 and the anode-side spacer 20 are provided in the vicinity of the inlet port 3 and the discharge port 4, respectively. However, depending on the design, only one of the anode-side spacer 20 or the cathode-side spacer 30 may be arranged on only one of the inlet port 3 and the discharge port 4 . For example, in the electrolysis apparatus of the present embodiment and the modified example, only the anode-side spacer 20 may be arranged to rectify the flow of the liquid to be treated in the vicinity of the discharge port 4 , and only the cathode-side spacer 30 may be arranged to rectify the flow near the inlet port 3 . The circulation of the liquid to be treated is also possible.

In addition, in the electrolysis apparatus of the present embodiment and the modification, the cathode energization block 10N is provided near the inlet 3, and the anode energization block 10P is provided near the discharge port 4, but the anode energization block 10P is provided near the inlet port 3, The cathode energization block 10N may be provided in the vicinity of the discharge port 4 . Also in this case, the positive potential (+ potential) of the power supply device 6 is applied to the anode energizing plate 11P, and the negative potential (- potential) is applied to the cathode energizing plate 11N. Next, in this case, the anode-side spacer 20 is formed, and the flow of the liquid to be treated is induced toward the central axis direction (X-axis direction) from one opening (introduction port 3), and the cathode-side spacer 30 is directed from the central axis direction (X-axis direction). The opening (discharge port 4 ) toward the other side induces the flow of the liquid to be treated.

That is, within the scope of the patent application, the first electrode plate of the first polarity means either an anodic anode plate or a cathodic cathode plate. In addition, the second electrode plate of the second polarity means an electrode plate of the opposite polarity to the first electrode plate of the first polarity. That is, when the first electrode plate of the first polarity is an anodic anode plate, it means that the second electrode plate of the second polarity is a cathode cathode plate of the second polarity, and the base of the first polarity means the embodiment or modification. The first base of the example, the second polar base means the second base of the embodiment or the modification, the first electrode-side spacer and the second electrode-side spacer respectively mean the anode of the embodiment or the modification side spacer and cathode side spacer. In addition, when the first electrode plate of the first polarity is a cathode cathode plate, it means that the second electrode plate of the second polarity is an anode anode plate of the second polarity, and the first polarity base means the above-mentioned second base, The second polarity base means the aforementioned first base, and the first electrode-side spacer and the second electrode-side spacer respectively mean the cathode-side spacer and the anode-side spacer of the embodiment or modification.

1: Electrolyzer 2: outer cylinder 2a: side 3: Import port 4: Discharge port 5,5': Electrode module 6: Power supply unit 10P: Anode energization block 10N: Cathode energization block 11P: Anode energized plate 11N: Cathode energized plate 12P: Anode plate 12N: Cathode plate 13P: The first base 13N: Second base 14P: Anode terminal box 14N: Cathode terminal box 15a: Opening 15b: Through hole 15N, 15P: Flange 16: Gasket 17: Gasket 18: Through hole 20: Anode side spacer 21, 21A, 21B: Anode side first spacer 22: Anode side second spacer 22A: Spacer 22B: Spacer 30: Cathode side spacer 31: The first spacer on the cathode side 32: The second spacer on the cathode side 32A: Spacer 32B: Spacer 33: Ball Spacer 40: Electrode plate 40P: Anode part (anode part) 40N: Cathode part (cathode part) 43: Bolts 44: Screws 50: Electrode support frame 50b: Round flange 51: The first support frame 51a: The first board 51b: The first flange 52: Second support frame 52a: Second board part 52b: Second flange 52c: Opening 52d: Opening 53: Welding bolts 231: Inclined surface 232: Through hole 233: Notch 234: Stage Division 235: Stage Division 236: convex part 237: Recess 238: Inclined surface

Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an electrolysis device (bipolar type) according to an embodiment. [Fig. 2] is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1. [Fig. [Fig. 3] A perspective view showing a part of the electrolysis apparatus of Fig. 1 in an exploded manner. [Fig. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of the electrode module of the electrolysis apparatus of FIG. 1 . [FIG. 5] It is sectional drawing explaining a spacer. [FIG. 6(a)] is an XZ plan view of the first spacer, [FIG. 6(b)] is a view of the first spacer disposed between two adjacent anode plates or cathode plates as seen from the Z direction, [FIG. 6(c) and (d)] are views of the first spacers provided at both ends of the stacked plural anode plates as viewed in the Z direction. [ Fig. 7 ] A perspective view showing the disassembled second spacer. [ Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of an electrode module of an electrolysis device (unipolar type) according to a modification.

1: Electrolyzer 2: outer cylinder 2a: side 3: Import port 4: Discharge port 5: Electrode module 10N: Cathode energization block 10P: Anode energization block 11N: Cathode energized plate 11P: Anode energized plate 12N: Cathode plate 12P: Anode plate 13N: Second base 13P: The first base 14N: Cathode terminal box 14P: Anode terminal box 15N, 15P: Flange 20: Anode side spacer 21: The first spacer on the anode side 22: Anode side second spacer 30: Cathode side spacer 31: The first spacer on the cathode side 32: The second spacer on the cathode side 40: Electrode plate 50: Electrode support frame 50b: Round flange 52c: Opening 52d: Opening

Claims (4)

An electrolysis device having: It is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the introduction port and the discharge port of the liquid to be treated are separated from each other in the direction of the central axis, and are respectively arranged on the side surface of the outer cylinder, At equal intervals in the stacking direction perpendicular to the central axis direction, it is connected to a metal and plate-shaped first polar base, extends in the central axis direction inside the outer cylinder, and is arranged in the introduction A plurality of first electrode plates of the first polarity near one of the openings and the above-mentioned discharge openings, At equal intervals in the stacking direction, it is connected to a metal and plate-shaped second polar base, extends in the center axis direction inside the outer cylinder, and is arranged between the inlet port and the outlet port. a plurality of second electrode plates of the second polarity near the opening on the other side, and a plurality of insulating first electrode side spacers arranged between all of the plurality of first electrode plates; The one opening is located on the radially outer side of the outer cylinder, from a gap formed between the plurality of first electrode plates in the lamination direction to a direction orthogonal to the central axis direction and the lamination direction, The other opening is located on the radially outer side of the outer cylinder, from a gap formed between the plurality of second electrode plates in the lamination direction to the direction orthogonal to the central axis direction and the lamination direction, The plurality of first electrode-side spacers are provided with inclined surfaces inclined from the direction of the central axis, and the one opening from the one to the central axis direction, or the one opening from the direction of the central axis to the one above, induces the flow of the liquid to be treated; The spacer on the first electrode side includes a gap between the two first electrode plates that is disposed at the end portions of the two adjacent first electrode plates so as to substantially completely plug the end portions, and sandwiches the space between the two first electrode plates. The first spacer of the electrode plate of the second polarity between the two first electrode plates is fixed. If the electrolysis device of claim 1, The spacer on the first electrode side further includes a through hole formed in the first electrode plate or the electrode plate of the second polarity, and is integrated by fitting the through hole from both sides, so as to divide the flow of the first electrode. The second spacer for the circulation of the liquid to be treated. If the electrolysis device of claim 2, Furthermore, the plurality of second electrode-side spacers having insulating properties arranged between all of the plurality of second electrode plates, The above-mentioned one opening is the above-mentioned discharge port, The opening on the other side is the introduction port, The plurality of second electrode side spacers are provided with inclined surfaces inclined in the direction of the central axis, and the flow of the liquid to be treated is induced toward the direction of the central axis from the inlet port, The first spacer and the second spacer are directed toward the discharge port from the central axis direction to induce the flow of the liquid to be treated. The electrolysis device of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: comprising the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, a plurality of electrode plates to be laminated are formed in a quadrangular column shape, the electrode module in which the lamination direction is orthogonal to the central axis direction, A pair of first support frames of the electrode module are sandwiched in the lamination direction, A pair of second support frames are sandwiched between the pair of first support frames in the directions perpendicular to both the central axis direction and the stacking direction, and are fixed to the first support frame; The aforementioned first support frame includes: a rectangular first plate portion corresponding to the length in the direction of the central axis of the electrode module, and A plurality of first flange portions are integrally formed on the first plate portion and are arranged at a predetermined interval in the direction of the central axis; The aforementioned second support frame includes: a rectangular second plate portion corresponding to the length in the direction of the central axis of the electrode module, and A plurality of second flange portions are integrally formed on the second plate portion and arranged at a predetermined interval in the direction of the central axis; In a state in which the first support frame and the second support frame are fixed, the first flange portion and the second flange portion are combined to form a circle having an outer diameter that is approximately the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder. 's flange.

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