TWI756857B - Dental implant aid and method of making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A manufacturing method of dental implant aids, using digital impression taking equipment to obtain a three-dimensional model image of a target tooth of a patient, the target tooth is a target tooth of the patient to be implanted or a symmetrical side tooth of the target tooth to be implanted, and then reused The image processing device defines a boundary line between the crown and the root of the three-dimensional model image according to the three-dimensional model image, and then uses the image processing device to define a highest point on the side of the boundary line facing outward as an upper boundary line, and define the boundary line from the The upper boundary line is a lower boundary line at a predetermined distance from the tooth root direction of the three-dimensional model image, and is projected vertically from the boundary line to the lower boundary line to form a hollow with a height of the predetermined length and an upper edge of the boundary line A cylindrical model, and finally, a three-dimensional molding device is used to manufacture a dental implant aid based on the hollow cylindrical model.

Description

Dental implant aid and method of making the same

The present invention relates to a dental implant aid, in particular to a dental implant aid which can be applied to immediate dental implant and a manufacturing method thereof.

The general dental implant process is mainly that the dentist inserts the implant (artificial root) into the alveolar bone of the patient to be implanted, and allows the bone cells to integrate the implant. Then, after waiting for about three to six months, after the dentist judges that the osseointegration is sufficient to support the occlusal force, the dentist will install a gingival forming cap on the upper end of the implant to make the gum grow into the ideal shape. Next, the dentist will select an appropriate abutment tooth for the patient's implant and gingival shape, and after removing the gingival forming cap, install the abutment tooth on the patient's implant, and install an abutment tooth on the abutment tooth. Temporary braces (temporary denture crowns) are used by patients to try out and observe their use as a reference for the design of formal dentures. After that, the doctor will design a formal denture (crown) suitable for the patient according to the occlusion of the patient, and install the formal denture on the abutment teeth to complete the implantation process.

However, most of the abutment teeth used for dental implants are standard abutment teeth. Dentists need to select abutment teeth of various specifications from a variety of abutment teeth according to their own dental implant experience. Standard abutment teeth do not fit all patients The gingival shape makes the standard abutment teeth often do not match the patient's gingival shape, so that the gingiva is compressed or does not fit closely with the gingiva, so that the gingival pulp at the implant site is too tight or too loose, and the gingiva at the implant site is too loose. Poor appearance, causing cosmetic problems with implants, especially the front teeth.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dental implant aid and a manufacturing method thereof. The dental implant aid can be embedded in the gum according to the shape of the gingiva during dental implantation, so that the dental implant aid can be manufactured according to the dental implant aid. The abutment teeth of the gingiva fit closely with the gingiva and perfectly match the shape of the gingiva.

Therefore, a method for manufacturing a dental implant aid of the present invention includes: using a digital impression taking device to obtain a three-dimensional model image of a target tooth of a patient, where the target tooth is the target tooth of the patient to be implanted or the to-be-implanted tooth a symmetrical side tooth of the dental marker; use an image processing device to define a boundary line between the crown and the root of the three-dimensional model image according to the three-dimensional model image, and the boundary line is a closed curve; use the image processing device to define the A highest point on the outer side of the boundary line is an upper boundary line, and a predetermined length from the upper boundary line to the root direction of the three-dimensional model image is defined as a lower boundary line, and from the boundary line to the lower boundary line The boundary line is vertically projected to form a hollow cylindrical model whose height is the predetermined length and the upper edge is the boundary line;

In some embodiments of the present invention, the digital modulo device is a three A three-dimensional oral scanning machine obtains the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth by scanning the target tooth in the patient's oral cavity.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the digital impression taking apparatus includes a 3D computed tomography device and an image processing device, the 3D computed tomography device obtains a 3D image of the target tooth of the patient, and the image processing device The three-dimensional model image of the target tooth is constructed according to the three-dimensional image.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the digital impression-taking apparatus is a three-dimensional scanning device, and the step of using the digital impression-taking apparatus to obtain the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth of the patient includes: the target of the patient taking a tooth model to obtain a solid model of the target tooth; and scanning the solid model with the 3D scanning device to obtain the 3D model image of the target tooth.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the image processing device defines the boundary line according to several boundary points between the tooth crown and the tooth root marked on the three-dimensional model image.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined length is 3 mm, and the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical model is 0.8-1 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional molding equipment is a 3D printer, a turning equipment, or an injection molding equipment.

Furthermore, an implant aid of the present invention is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the dental implant aid as described above.

The effect of the present invention lies in: obtaining a three-dimensional model image of the patient's tooth to be implanted or its symmetrical side, and forming a hollow column by vertical projection of the boundary line between the crown and the root of the three-dimensional model image toward the lower boundary line After the shape model is formed, the solid dental implant aid is made according to the hollow cylindrical model by using a three-dimensional molding device, and the dental implant aid can be used in the patient's dental implantation process, and according to the last week of the dental implant aid Make the formal abutment teeth, so that when the formal abutment teeth are installed on the implant at the implant site, the edge line of the formal abutment teeth will perfectly fit (fit) the edge of the gingiva around the implant and support the gingiva 511 , and perfectly match the shape of the gums, so that the shape of the gums at the implant site presents the most natural and beautiful state.

51: Implant target

510: Extraction socket

511: Gums

52: Symmetrical side teeth

521: Gums

522: Edge Line

3: 3D model image

31: Crown

32: Tooth root

33: Junction line

34: Upper Boundary Line

35: Lower Boundary Line

36: Hollow Cylinder Model

37: Dental Implants

371: Last edge

71: Implants

72: Temporary abutment teeth

73: Resin

74: Formal abutment teeth

741: Edge Line

S1~S4: Steps

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly shown in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a main flow chart of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the dental implant aid of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows this embodiment Example of a target tooth to be implanted and its symmetrical side teeth of a patient to be implanted; Fig. 3 is an axial view image of a target tooth of a patient to be implanted in this embodiment; Fig. 4 is an image of the present embodiment A sagittal view image of a target tooth of a patient to be implanted; FIG. 5 is a coronal view of a target tooth of a patient to be implanted in this embodiment (coronal view) image; FIG. 6 is the 3D model image of the target tooth synthesized according to the 3D images of FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 in this embodiment; FIG. 7 is the boundary line defined on the 3D model image of the target tooth in this embodiment The schematic diagram of the upper boundary line and the lower boundary line; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hollow cylindrical model formed by the vertical projection from the boundary line of the three-dimensional model image shown in FIG. 7 to the lower boundary line in this embodiment; Embodiment Schematic diagram of a solid dental implant aid made according to the hollow cylindrical model of FIG. 8 ; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the application of the dental implant aid of the present embodiment in the process of dental implantation; FIG. 11 is the implantation aid of the present embodiment. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the dental implant aid shown in Figure 11 and the temporary abutment teeth after proper trimming; and Figure 13 is the present embodiment For example, a schematic diagram of a formal abutment tooth made according to the shape defined by the dental implant aid and the temporary abutment tooth in FIG. 12 .

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is the main flow of an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the dental implant aid of the present invention. First, as shown in step S1 in FIG. 1 , before dental implantation, the dentist uses a digital impression taking device to obtain a three-dimensional model image of a target tooth of a patient, and as shown in FIG. 2 , the target tooth may be the patient’s tooth. A target 51 to be implanted or a symmetrical side tooth 52 of the target 51 to be implanted, and the target 51 to be implanted is the place to be implanted later; If the tooth is decayed or the crown is damaged but the root shape is still intact, the target tooth is the target tooth 51 to be implanted, and if the target tooth 51 is a tooth to be extracted with damaged root or the tooth to be implanted The target 51 is already missing teeth, so the symmetrical side tooth 52 of the target 51 to be implanted is used as the target tooth, because the structure of the symmetrical side tooth 52 of the target 51 to be implanted is usually the same as the target tooth 51 to be implanted. (tooth to be extracted or missing teeth) similar. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional model image of the tooth 52 on the symmetrical side is obtained as an example.

Wherein, the digital impression taking device can use an existing 3D oral scanner (or mouth scanner for short), which obtains the 3D model image of the target tooth by scanning the target tooth in the patient's oral cavity; or, the digital The impression taking device can also use a 3D computed tomography device and an image processing device. The 3D computed tomography device, such as a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) device, obtains the target tooth of the patient. 3 to 5, and then, the image processing device constructs the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth according to the three-dimensional image, wherein the image processing device may be a Image processing software, such as a computer with software such as ITK-snap or osirix, and since the use of ITK-snap or osirix software to construct a three-dimensional three-dimensional model from a three-dimensional image is a conventional technology in the field of medical imaging, and is not the focus of the present invention, it is here Not detailed. Alternatively, the digital impression taking device can also be a three-dimensional scanning device, and the dentist first uses the traditional impression taking method to take the actual impression of the target tooth of the patient to obtain a solid model of the target tooth, such as a plaster model. Afterwards, the three-dimensional model is scanned by the three-dimensional scanning device to obtain the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth. Moreover, the three-dimensional model image 3 obtained by the above three methods is similar, and its external shape is shown in FIG. 6 , for example.

Next, in step S2, the dentist uses an image processing device (such as the above-mentioned image processing device or another image processing device) to define the crown 31 and the root 32 of the three-dimensional model image 3 according to the three-dimensional model image 3 described above. A boundary line 33 is shown in FIG. 7 . The boundary line 33 corresponds to an edge line 522 of the gingiva 521 of the symmetrical side teeth 52 of the patient's tooth 51 to be implanted, as shown in FIG. 2 ; and the image processing device can analyze the three-dimensional model image 3 by, for example, to determine the junction between the crown 31 and the root 32 of the three-dimensional model image 3 to define the boundary line 33; The boundary line 33 is defined (drawn) by the boundary point between the crown 31 and the root 32 . And since the boundary line 33 corresponds to the edge line 522 of the gingiva 521 of the tooth 52 on the symmetrical side of the tooth 51 to be implanted, and the edge line 522 of the gingival 521 is an irregular closed curve, the boundary line 33 is also is an irregular closure curve.

Next, step S3 is performed. As shown in FIG. 7 , the dentist uses the image processing device to define a highest point on the side of the boundary line 33 facing outward (also known as the buccal side, that is, the side where the teeth face the cheek) as a The upper boundary line 34 is defined as a lower boundary line 35 at a distance h from the upper boundary line 34 to the direction of the tooth root 32 of the three-dimensional model image 3 as a predetermined length h, and then the vertical projection from the boundary line 33 to the lower boundary line 35 To form a hollow cylindrical model 36 whose height is the predetermined length h and the upper edge is the boundary line 33 , as shown in FIG. 8 . The predetermined length h can be set by the dentist, for example, 3 millimeters (mm), and a predetermined thickness of the hollow cylindrical model 36 can also be set by the dentist and is usually within 0.8-1 mm, but not limited thereto .

Finally, step S4 is performed, and a three-dimensional molding device, such as but not limited to a 3D printer, a turning processing device or an injection molding device, is used to produce a corresponding hollow cylindrical model 36 according to the file of the hollow cylindrical model 36 . The dental implant aid 37 , as shown in FIG. 9 , is a temporary sleeve for being set in the gum of the target 51 to be implanted.

Therefore, after the dental implant aid 37 is manufactured, the dental implant aid 37 can be used in the process of immediate dental implantation (implantation of an artificial tooth root (implant) immediately after tooth extraction). Therefore, if the target 51 of the to-be-implanted tooth is a tooth to be extracted, an extraction socket 510 will be formed after the to-be-extracted tooth is extracted, as shown in FIG. The body (artificial tooth root) 71 is in the patient's alveolar bone (not shown), and the implant 71 A temporary abutment tooth 72 is installed on it, and the dental implant aid 37 is embedded (put into) the pulp of the extraction socket, so that its outer peripheral surface is supported against the inner peripheral edge of the gum 511, and as shown in FIG. The upper edge 371 of the dental implant aid 37 is customized according to the patient's tooth to be extracted (the tooth to be implanted 51 ) or the edge line of the gum 521 of the symmetrical side tooth 52 of the tooth to be extracted. The extracted tooth is generally similar in shape to the gingival margin of its symmetrical side teeth 52 , so the upper edge 371 of the dental implant aid 37 can perfectly fit (fit) with the margin of the gingiva 511 of the extraction socket 510 to support the gingiva 511 .

Then, the dentist will fill the gap between the dental implant aid 37 and the temporary abutment teeth 72 with a temporary material, such as resin 73, so that the two are fixed together by the resin 73, and then the temporary abutment The tooth 72 and the dental implant aid 37 are disassembled from the implant 71, as shown in FIG. The walls are connected with no step difference, as shown in FIG. 12 , and then, according to the shape defined (constituted) of the temporary abutment teeth 72 and the dental implant aid 37 that are cemented together as shown in FIG. 12 , to produce a formal abutment tooth 74 as shown in FIG. 13 . Thereby, since the edge line 741 of the official abutment tooth 74 corresponding to the edge of the patient's gum 511 is copied to the upper edge 371 of the dental implant aid 37 , the official abutment tooth 74 is installed on the implant 71 . When the official abutment tooth 74 is on, the edge line 741 of the formal abutment tooth 74 will perfectly fit (fit) with the edge of the gum 511 and abut against the inner periphery of the gum 511, and support the gum 511, so that the gum 511 at the implant site will be the pulp of the gum 511. It will not be too tight or too loose, but the shape of the gum 511 at the implant will be the best. Naturally beautiful condition. Finally, the formal abutment teeth 74 are used for denture molding to manufacture a formal denture crown, and after the formal denture crown is installed on the formal abutment teeth 74, the implantation process is completed.

To sum up, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the three-dimensional model image 3 of the target 51 to be implanted or the symmetric side tooth 52 of the patient is obtained, and the boundary line 33 between the crown 31 and the root 32 of the three-dimensional model image 3 is obtained. After the hollow cylindrical model 36 is formed by vertical projection toward the lower boundary line 35, the solid dental implant aid 37 can be produced according to the hollow cylindrical model 36 by using a three-dimensional molding device, and the dental implant aid 37 can be applied to the patient. During the implantation process, the official abutment teeth 74 are made according to the upper edge 371 of the dental implant aid 37, so that when the official abutment teeth 74 are installed on the implant at the implant site, the edge of the official abutment teeth 74 The line 741 will perfectly fit (fit) the edge of the gingiva 511 around the implant to support the gingival 511, and perfectly match the shape of the gingival 511, so that the shape of the gingival 511 at the implant will present the most natural and beautiful state, and achieve Efficacy and purpose of the present invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the application for patent of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

S1~S4: Steps

Claims (9)

A method of manufacturing a dental implant aid, comprising: Using a digital impression taking device to obtain a three-dimensional model image of a target tooth of a patient, the target tooth is a target tooth of the patient to be implanted or a symmetrical side tooth of the target tooth to be implanted; Using an image processing device to define a boundary line between the crown and the root of the three-dimensional model image according to the three-dimensional model image, and the boundary line is a closed curve; The image processing device is used to define a highest point on the outward side of the boundary line as an upper boundary line, and define a lower boundary line at a predetermined distance from the upper boundary line to the root direction of the three-dimensional model image, and A vertical projection from the boundary line to the lower boundary line forms a hollow cylindrical model with a height of the predetermined length and an upper edge of the boundary line; and A dental implant aid is manufactured according to the hollow cylindrical model by using a three-dimensional molding device. The manufacturing method of a dental implant aid according to claim 1, wherein the digital impression taking device is a three-dimensional oral scanner, which obtains the three-dimensional model of the target tooth by scanning the target tooth in the patient's oral cavity image. The manufacturing method of a dental implant aid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital impression taking device comprises a three-dimensional computed tomography device and the image processing device, and the three-dimensional computed tomography device obtains an image of the target tooth of the patient. A three-dimensional image, the image processing device constructs the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth according to the three-dimensional image. The method for manufacturing a dental implant aid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital impression taking device is a three-dimensional scanning device, and the step of using the digital impression taking device to obtain the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth of the patient includes the following steps: : taking an impression of the target tooth of the patient to obtain a solid model of the target tooth; and Scan the physical model with the three-dimensional scanning device to obtain the three-dimensional model image of the target tooth. The method for manufacturing a dental implant aid according to claim 1, wherein the image processing device defines the boundary line according to several boundary points between the crown and the root that are marked on the three-dimensional model image. The method for manufacturing a dental implant aid according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined length is 3 mm. The method for manufacturing a dental implant aid according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical model is 0.8-1 mm. The method for manufacturing a dental implant aid according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional molding device is a 3D printer, a turning processing device, or an injection molding device. A dental implant aid is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the dental implant aid described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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