TWI733157B - Method and system for accelerating startup embedded system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for accelerating startup speed of an embedded system and an embedded system, which are relate to a computer technology. The method for accelerating startup speed of the embedded system may includes determine whether an external storage exists when the embedded system starts up; when the external storage is determined to exist, loading startup image files stored in a main storage and startup image files stored in the external storage, into a memory in parallel, wherein the startup image files stored in the main storage and the startup image files stored in the external storage, are different.

Description

Method for accelerating startup speed of embedded system and embedded system thereof

This application relates to the field of computer technology, in particular to a method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system and its embedded system.

With the development of informatization, intelligence, and networking, embedded systems have also gained broader development space. At present, general embedded systems store the boot image file in the main storage. During the system startup process, all the startup image files stored in the main memory must be loaded into the memory. However, the loading process of this segment generally takes a long time, which slows down the startup speed of the embedded system.

The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system and its embedded system, which can shorten the time spent loading the startup image file into the memory, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the startup speed of the embedded system .

In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for accelerating the startup speed of the embedded system. The method includes the following operations: when the embedded system starts, it is judged whether there is an external storage; when it is judged that there is an external storage When the device is installed, the boot image file stored in the main storage and the boot mirror stored in the external storage Image files are loaded into the memory in parallel, and the boot image file loaded from the main memory into the memory is different from the boot image file loaded from the external storage into the memory.

In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an embedded system, including: a processor, a main memory coupled with the processor, and an external storage interface, wherein the processor is started in the embedded system At the beginning, the external storage interface is used to determine whether there is an external storage; when it is judged that there is an external storage, the startup image file stored in the main storage and the startup image file stored in the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel, from The boot image file loaded into the memory from the main storage is different from the boot image file loaded into the memory from the external storage.

With the above solution, the present invention makes full use of the available external storage to store the boot image file in the external storage. During the system startup phase, the boot image file stored in the main storage and the external storage is loaded into the memory at the same time. , Reduce the time spent loading all boot image files, widen the bandwidth of loading boot image files, and speed up the startup speed of the embedded system.

101, 102, 201, 202, 203, 204, 2031, 2032, 2033, 301, 302, 303, 304‧‧‧ steps

41‧‧‧Main Memory

42‧‧‧Processor

43‧‧‧Embedded System

44‧‧‧External storage interface

45‧‧‧External storage

46‧‧‧Memory

Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the boot image files of different partitions stored in the main storage and the external storage in the first embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is the second method for accelerating the startup speed of the embedded system of the present invention In the embodiment, the schematic diagram of the process of pasting the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage.

Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the embedded system of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

Please refer to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes the following steps.

Step 101: When the embedded system starts, it is judged whether there is an external storage.

Among them, the embedded system is a dedicated computer system based on computer technology, application-centric, and software and hardware can be tailored. The external storage can be at least one of a USB flash drive, an SD card, a removable hard drive, a memory stick, a micro drive, a compact flash memory, and a media card, or other types of memory. The process of judging whether there is an external storage may be a process in which the system recognizes whether the external storage is successful after the external storage is plugged into the system. When the system recognizes the external storage successfully, it can judge that the external storage exists; when the system recognizes the external storage unsuccessfully, it can judge that the external storage does not exist. The process of judging whether there is an external storage can also be a process of directly judging whether the external storage is plugged into the embedded system when the system is started.

In one of the application scenarios, all the boot image files stored in the main storage, and some boot image files stored in the external storage. If the result of the judgment is that the external storage does not exist, you can directly load all the boot image files in the main storage into the memory. The embedded system using this method can run as usual even if there is no external storage, and does not depend on the external storage.

Step 102: When it is determined that there is an external storage, the boot image file stored in the main storage and the boot image file stored in the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel.

Among them, all boot image files can be divided into multiple boot image files according to different partition types. The names of multiple boot image files are different. In the car machine system, there can be a mirror of the system Preloader startup phase, a mirror of the system LK startup phase, a mirror of some common environment variables of the system, a mirror of a reverse boot, a mirror of a kernel boot... and these boot image files are stored in the system memory. The different address spaces in the body (which can be the main storage and the external storage), as shown in Figure 2. It is understandable that the boot image file loaded from the main storage into the memory and the boot image file loaded into the memory from the external storage can be completely different, and the two can form a complete boot image File, which can maximize the use of external storage to speed up the startup speed of the embedded system.

In one of the application scenarios, all the boot image files stored in the main storage, and some boot image files stored in the external storage. At this time, the system loads the different boot image files in the main storage and the external storage, and the boot image files in the external storage into the memory in parallel, so that the memory loads all the boot image files. It is understandable that part of the boot image files stored in the external storage can only be read-only boot image files, which means that the boot image files read from the external storage cannot be written during the operation of the embedded system. In this way, it is not required to re-update the boot image file to the external storage when the system is shut down. It can be operated at any time when the embedded system is running, which can avoid the failure to copy the boot image file to the external in time when the embedded system is abnormally powered In the case of the storage device, the applicability is strong.

Among them, before the startup image files stored in the main storage and the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel, it is first determined whether the external storage has the startup image files. By judging whether the boot image file is stored in the external storage, it can be judged whether the boot image file is stored in the external storage, and it can also be judged whether the content of the boot image file stored in the external storage is complete. The way to determine whether the external storage has a boot image file is: determine whether there is an identification file in the external storage; obtain the first check code in the identification file, and check the integrity of the content of the identification file by verifying the first check code sex. If the judgment result is that there is no boot image file stored in the external storage, directly load all the boot image files in the main storage into the memory, and after the embedded system is successfully booted, start part of the main storage The image file is pasted and stored in the external storage. If the result of the judgment is that a complete boot image file is stored in the external storage but not stored: you can continue to determine which boot image files stored in the external storage are valid, and it will be judged as a valid boot image file and the main storage The boot image file is loaded into the memory in parallel, and the boot image file loaded into the memory from the main storage can be different from the effective boot image file stored in the external storage; or directly to the main storage Load all the boot image files stored in the file into the memory. If the judgment result is a complete boot image file stored in the external storage, continue to judge whether the external storage has a valid boot image file. The method of judging whether the external memory stores a valid boot image file may be: first obtain the respective second check codes of multiple boot image files, and determine whether the contents of the multiple boot image files are complete by checking the second check codes. If the judgment result is that the external storage does not store a valid boot image file, you can directly load all the boot image files in the main storage into the memory. If the judgment result is a valid boot image file stored in the external storage, the boot image file stored in the main storage and the external storage is loaded into the memory in parallel.

In another application scenario, the main storage and the external storage respectively store different boot image files. At this time, load the boot image file in the main storage and the boot image file in the external storage into the memory in parallel, so that the memory loads all the boot image files.

In this embodiment, the main storage and the external storage respectively store the boot image files. During the system startup phase, the boot image files stored in the main storage and the external storage are loaded into the memory at the same time to reduce loading. The time it takes for all boot image files to widen the bandwidth of loading boot image files and speed up the startup of embedded systems. When all the boot image files are stored in the main storage, there is no external storage in the embedded system or there is no valid boot image file stored in the external storage, the system can also operate normally, independent of the external storage, practicality powerful. In addition, the most favorable conclusion for the embedded system itself can be drawn through a few steps of judgment process, which is convenient for practical operation and not time-consuming.

Please refer to Fig. 3, which is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention. All boot image files are stored in the main storage. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps.

Step 201: When the embedded system starts, it is judged whether there is an external storage.

It can be the same as step 101, which will not be repeated here.

Step 202: Determine whether a boot image file is stored in the external storage.

Among them, by judging whether the boot image file is stored in the external storage, it can also be judged whether the content of the boot image file stored in the external storage is complete. The way to determine whether the external storage has a boot image file can be to determine whether there is an identification file in the external storage; obtain the first check code in the identification file, and check the content of the identification file by verifying the first check code Completeness.

Step 203: If the judgment result is that the boot image file is not stored in the external storage, paste part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage.

Wherein, the pasting operation (the operation of pasting part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage) is performed after the embedded system is successfully booted. Before the paste operation, when all the boot image files are stored in the main storage, you can first determine whether the external storage is idle: when the judgment result is that the external storage is idle, the paste operation is performed; when the judgment result is Because the external storage is not in an idle state, the paste operation is not performed; this will not affect the read and write requests of other normal services to the external storage. The embedded system can be a car-machine system or a smart TV system and so on. Before pasting part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage, you can obtain a part of the boot image file from the main storage by copying or cutting and pasting. It is more preferable to obtain part of the boot image file from the main storage by copying, so that when the embedded system is subsequently booted, even if the external storage does not exist, all the boot image files in the main storage can be loaded to complete the boot process. It does not rely on external storage, increasing the practicality of this method. It is understandable that the boot image file pasted to the external storage is read-only, so in the subsequent embedded system startup process, only the read-only boot image file in the external storage needs to be loaded into the memory. These read-only startup image files will generally not be changed during system operation, so there is no need to frequently replace the startup image files in the external storage, and there is no need to paste the startup image files in the main storage again before the system is shut down. Up to the external storage, it does not depend on the shutdown operation, which improves efficiency and saves resources.

After pasting part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage, an identification file can be created on the external storage. The identification file can include the first verification code and the file pasted to the external storage. At least one of the name and size of the boot image file, and the version numbers of multiple boot image files. The first check code is used to determine the external storage The integrity of the logo file. The respective version numbers of multiple boot image files are used to determine the timeliness of the multiple boot image files stored on the external storage-that is, from the time of pasting to the external storage to the time when the embedded system uses the boot image file At the time, has the corresponding boot image file on the main storage been updated? The name of the boot image file pasted on the external storage is used to determine which boot image files should be loaded into the memory in parallel by the external storage and the main storage when the embedded system is started. After the paste operation, the main storage can also store all the boot image files, so even if the external storage does not exist, all the boot image files in the main storage can be loaded, so the completion of the boot process does not depend on the external storage , Increase the practicability of this method.

Further, as shown in Figure 4, the step of pasting part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage may include the following operations.

Step 2031: Obtain the read and write speeds of the main storage and the external storage.

Among them, the reading and writing speed can be obtained by measuring and calculating the reading and writing speed of the main storage and the external storage. The method of measuring and calculating the read and write speed of the main memory and the external memory can include: firstly create test files in the main memory and the external memory respectively; then read the test files stored in the main memory and the external memory respectively, The time spent in the reading process is measured; finally, the read and write speeds of the main storage and the external storage are calculated through the size of the test files stored in the main storage and the external storage and the corresponding time consumed. The size of the test files can be the same or similar, or different, and can be 1KB.

Step 2032: Calculate the ratio of the read volume of the boot image file from the main storage and the external storage according to the reading and writing speed.

，外部儲存器讀取啟動鏡像檔的讀取量的比例為

。 For example, when the total size of the boot image file that needs to be read during system startup is S, the read and write speed of the main storage is M, and the read and write speed of the external storage is N. S can be the total size of the boot image file that needs to be read, or the size of the read-only file in the boot image file that needs to be read. The calculated ratio of the read volume of the boot image file from the main memory is

, The ratio of the read volume of the boot image file from the external storage is

.

Step 2033: According to the ratio, paste part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage.

Among them, the boot image file pasted to the external storage is complete and cannot be divided and pasted to the external storage. If the boot image file in proportion to the read volume of the external storage contains W complete boot image files and a split boot image file, W or (W+1) complete boot images can be combined The file is pasted to the external storage. In this way, when the subsequent embedded system starts, the time it takes to load the boot image file from the external storage is the same or similar to the time it takes to load the boot image file from the main storage. In the case where the loading process of one of the devices has been completed, there is no need to wait or only a little time for the loading process of the other device to be completed, achieving the maximum utilization of resources. When S is the total size of the boot image file that needs to be read, if the size of the boot image file in proportion to the read volume of the external storage is larger than the size of the read-only file in the boot image file that needs to be read, then Paste only the read-only boot image file in the main storage to the external storage. When the embedded system is started, the time it takes to load the boot image file from the main storage can be slightly longer than, equal to, or slightly shorter than the time taken to load the boot image file from the external storage.

Step 204: Load the boot image file stored in the main storage and the boot image file stored in the external storage into the memory in parallel.

Among them, this step is carried out directly after the pasting operation. And as long as the boot image file stored in the external storage is not lost, invalid, version number expired and other At least one of the cases can be carried out during any embedded system startup process after the operation steps are posted.

In this embodiment, part of the boot image file of the main storage is stored in the external storage. During the system startup phase, the boot image files stored in the main storage and the external storage can be loaded into the memory at the same time. , Reduce the time spent loading all boot image files, widen the bandwidth of loading boot image files, and speed up the startup speed of embedded systems. At the same time, this action is equivalent to making a boot image file backup on an external storage. This prevents the system from failing to operate normally due to damage to the subsequent boot image file in the main storage.

Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of the method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system according to the present invention. The upgrade card stores all boot image files, and the upgrade card is used as an external storage. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps.

Step 301: When the embedded system starts, it is judged whether there is an external storage.

Among them, the type of the upgrade card may be an SD card. It is understandable that after the upgrade card obtains all the boot image files from the upper computer, it pastes the boot image files to the lower computer. The lower computer in this embodiment is the embedded system in the present invention. After the host computer pastes all the boot image files to the upgrade card, and stores the identification file on the upgrade card. The identification file may include at least one of the first verification code, the name and size of the boot image file that needs to be pasted on the main storage, and the version numbers of multiple boot image files. The first check code is used to determine the integrity of the identification file on the external storage. Select the model of the main memory and the model of the external memory on the host computer, and obtain the corresponding main memory and external memory from the database. The read and write speed of the storage is automatically calculated according to the method in step 2032, and the ratio of the startup image file that needs to be allocated to the external storage and the main storage is automatically calculated and stored in the identification file.

Step 302: Determine whether a boot image file is stored in the main storage.

Step 303: If the main storage does not store the boot image file, paste part of the boot image file of the external storage to the main storage.

Among them, before pasting a part of the boot image file in the external storage to the main storage, a part of the boot image file can be obtained from the external storage by copying or cutting and pasting. It is more preferable to obtain a part of the boot image file from the external storage by cutting and pasting, so that when the system is subsequently started, there is no need to determine which content to read in the external storage and the main storage, which improves the startup of the embedded system. efficiency. The embedded system can be a test system or other systems.

In one of the application scenarios, the step of pasting part of the boot image file in the external storage to the main storage may include: firstly reading the distribution information of the boot image file from the identification file in the external storage; Part of the boot image file in the storage is pasted to the main storage. Wherein, the identification file contains at least one of the first check code and the distribution information of the boot image file, and the version numbers of multiple boot image files in the boot image file. The first check code is used to determine whether the The integrity of the logo file. It is understandable that the distribution information of the boot image file may include at least one of the following: the size and name of the part of the boot image file that needs to be pasted to the main storage; it may include the need to store externally when the embedded system is subsequently booted The size and name of the part of the boot image file loaded in the device; it can include the size and name of the part of the boot image file stored in the external storage after the part of the boot image file is pasted to the main storage.

In another application scenario, the step of pasting part of the boot image file in the external storage to the main storage may include: obtaining the read and write speeds of the main storage and the external storage; Calculate the ratio of the read volume of the boot image file from the main storage and the external storage according to the read and write speed; according to the ratio, part of the image file of the external storage is pasted to the external storage.

Step 304: Load the boot image file stored in the main storage and the boot image file stored in the external storage into the memory in parallel.

Among them, this step is carried out directly after the pasting operation. And as long as the boot image file stored in the external storage does not appear to be lost, invalid, version number expired, or at least one of the other conditions, it can be performed during any embedded system boot process after the operation steps are pasted.

In this embodiment, the boot image file is stored in the external storage. During the system startup phase, the boot image files stored in the main storage and the external storage are loaded into the memory at the same time, reducing the loading of all booting The time consumed by the image file broadens the bandwidth of loading the boot image file and speeds up the startup speed of the embedded system.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the embedded system of the present invention. The embedded system includes the following operations.

The processor 42, a main storage 41 coupled with the processor 42 and an external storage interface 44.

The processor 42 determines whether there is an external storage 45 through the external storage interface 44 when the embedded system 43 is started.

When it is determined that the external storage 45 exists, the boot image file stored in the main storage 41 and the boot image file stored in the external storage 45 are loaded into the memory 46 in parallel, and loaded from the main storage 41 into the memory 46 The boot image file is different from the boot image file loaded from the external storage 45 into the memory 46.

In this embodiment, the present invention makes full use of the available external storage to store the boot image file in the external storage. During the system startup phase, the main storage is at the same time The boot image files stored in the external storage device and the external storage are loaded into the memory, which reduces the time spent loading all boot image files, widens the bandwidth of loading boot image files, and speeds up the startup speed of the embedded system.

The above is only the implementation of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies In the same way, all fields are included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

101, 102‧‧‧ steps

Claims (10)

A method for accelerating the startup speed of an embedded system, the method comprising: judging whether there is an external storage at the beginning of the embedded system startup; when judging that the external storage exists, combining the startup image file stored in the main storage and the external storage The boot image file stored in the storage is loaded into the memory in parallel. The boot image file loaded from the main storage into the memory and the boot image file loaded into the memory from the external storage are not the same. Such as the method of claim 1, wherein the boot image file loaded from the external storage is a boot image file that is only read during system operation. Such as the method of claim 2, wherein all the boot image files are stored in the main storage, part of the boot image files stored in the external storage; the main storage and the boot image files stored in the external storage are paralleled Loading into the memory includes: loading a boot image file in the main storage that is different from that in the external storage, and the boot image file in the external storage into the memory in parallel, so that the memory is loaded All the boot image files. Such as the method of claim 2, wherein the main storage and the external storage respectively store different boot image files; the parallel loading of the boot image files stored in the main storage and the external storage into the memory includes : Load the boot image file in the main storage and the boot image file in the external storage into the memory in parallel, so that the memory loads all the boot image files. Such as the method of claim 1, wherein the external storage is an upgrade card, and the boot image file of the main storage and the boot image file stored in the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel Before the step in the memory, it includes: judging whether the main storage has the boot image file, if the main storage does not store the boot image file, paste part of the boot image file of the upgrade card to the main storage . For example, the method of claim 1, wherein, before the step of parallel loading the boot image file stored in the main storage and the external storage into the memory, the method includes: determining whether the boot image file is stored in the external storage, If the external storage does not store the startup image file, paste part of the startup image file of the main storage to the external storage. For example, the method of claim 5 or 6, which further includes: obtaining the read and write speeds of the main storage and the external storage; and read the boot image from the main storage and the external storage according to the calculation of the read and write speeds The ratio of the read volume of the file; according to the ratio, paste part of the boot image file in the main storage to the external storage or paste part of the image file of the external storage to the main storage. For example, the method of claim 6, which further includes: the step of determining whether the external storage stores the boot image file includes: determining whether there is an identification file in the external storage; obtaining the first check code in the identification file, It is judged whether the identification file is complete by checking the first check code. For example, the method of claim 8, wherein, if the boot image file is stored in the external storage, it is determined whether the boot image file is valid in the external storage; if the effective boot image file is stored, the host is executed The boot image files stored in the storage and the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel; if the effective boot image file is not stored, all the boot image files in the main storage are loaded Into the memory; the step of judging whether the external memory stores the valid boot image file includes: acquiring the second check code of each of the boot image files in the boot image file, and verifying the second check Code to determine whether the contents of multiple boot image files are complete. An embedded system, comprising: a processor, a main storage coupled with the processor, and an external storage interface; wherein the processor determines whether there is external storage through the external storage interface when the embedded system starts When it is determined that the external storage is present, the boot image file stored in the main storage and the boot image file stored in the external storage are loaded into the memory in parallel, and loaded from the main storage to the The boot image file in the memory is different from the boot image file loaded into the memory from the external storage.

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