TWI722895B - Three-phase synchronous rectification control system of generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-phase synchronous rectification control system for a generator includes: a generator, a rectifier unit, a battery, a voltage detection unit, and a controller, the controller is connected to the gates of the M1~M6 transistors of the rectifier unit When the voltage detection unit detects that there is a voltage difference between the generator and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the source and drain corresponding to the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors are turned on, thereby forming a rectification effect with low conduction loss. The controller drives the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors in the ON state to perform multiple cut-off detections at intervals. During the cut-off process, it detects that the current of the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors is flowing from the source to the drain, and then stops the M1~ The cut-off control of M6 transistors, when detecting that the current of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors is flowing from the drain to the source during the cut-off process, continue to complete the cut-off control of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors.

Description

Three-phase synchronous rectification control system of generator

The present invention relates to a generator rectification mechanism, in particular to a three-phase synchronous rectification control system of a generator that has the effects of improving rectification efficiency and stable rectification.

According to the conventional generator, the three-phase alternating current is rectified by the diodes contained in the rectifier. The three-phase current needs to be rectified by six diodes for full-wave rectification, and then output as direct current. Each half-wave of alternating current passes through two The diode makes the external output load (such as battery) get direct current. Since the diode will produce a voltage drop of 0.7-1V when the diode is turned on, and each full-wave rectification, a single-phase will pass through the two diodes and cause a voltage drop loss of 1.5-2V. If a transistor is used to replace the traditional hair The diode of the motor complete machine, because the internal resistance of the transistor itself is very small when it is turned on, the replacement of the diode by the transistor can reduce the conduction loss and improve the conversion efficiency. If there is no proper design, the transistor will be the generator when it is turned on. The terminal voltage is almost equal to the battery terminal voltage. It is difficult to judge whether the current has been reversed by using the voltage detection method. The transistor will maintain conduction. When the current is zero or reversed and fed back to the generator, the transistor cannot be effective. The cut-off makes the system malfunction and even burns the transistor or generator, which is very dangerous. If the synchronous rectifier uses a comparator or a microprocessor ADC to determine the voltage level to control the transistor, according to previous research, it is found that the voltage detection The test circuit is easily interfered and easily caused the circuit system to malfunction. Moreover, the resistance of the voltage divider circuit must be adjusted with precision resistance or variable resistance, and the circuit cannot be adjusted flexibly. Therefore, the main technical means of this creation is the best control. The conduction time of the transistor to achieve the best efficiency and system protection effect.

In view of this, the inventor of the present invention has been engaged in the manufacturing, development and design of related products for many years. Aiming at the above-mentioned goals, after detailed design and careful evaluation, the present invention is truly practical.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-phase synchronous rectification control system for generators in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings existing in the prior art.

A generator is formed with a U-phase output terminal, a V-phase output terminal, and a W-phase output terminal. A rectifier unit connects the U-phase output terminal with a source of an M1 transistor and a drain of an M2 transistor, and the rectifier The unit is connected to the V-phase output end with a source of an M3 transistor and a drain of an M4 transistor, and the rectifier unit is connected to the W-phase output end with a source of an M5 transistor and a drain of an M6 transistor, a battery The positive electrode is connected to the drain of the M1, M3, and M5 transistors, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the source of the M2, M4, and M6 transistors. A voltage detection unit is connected to the U-phase output terminal and the V-phase respectively. The output terminal, the W-phase output terminal and the positive electrode of the battery are used to compare the voltage difference between the generator and the battery, a controller is connected to the voltage detection unit to receive a comparison signal, and the controller is connected to the above The gates of M1~M6 transistors are turned on when the voltage detection unit detects that there is a voltage difference between the generator and the positive and negative poles of the battery. The corresponding one of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors is turned on. The source and drain are used to form a low conduction loss rectification effect, and then the controller drives the M1~M6 transistors in the on state to perform multiple cut-off detections at intervals, and detects the M1~ in the cut-off process. When the current of the M6 transistor flows from the source to the drain, stop the cut-off control of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors. During the cut-off process, it is detected that the current of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistor is flowing from the drain to the source. Cut-off control of M1~M6 transistors.

Among them, the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors are connected in parallel with a diode, the sources of the above-mentioned M1, M3, and M5 transistors are connected to the cathodes of the above-mentioned diodes, and the sources of the above-mentioned M2, M4, and M6 transistors are connected to the above-mentioned two. The cathode of the polar body.

The first cut-off timing when the controller drives the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors to perform multiple cut-off detections is the moving average of the first three to ten cut-off points.

Wherein, the cut-off interval during which the controller drives the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors to perform multiple cut-off detections is 10% of the entire conduction interval of the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors.

Among them, the M1~M6 transistors form a resistance increase during the cut-off process, so that the voltage difference between the generator and the battery becomes larger, which is easily detected by the voltage detection unit, thereby knowing the above M1~M6 The direction of current flow in the transistor.

The voltage detection unit includes a U-phase detection circuit, a V-phase detection circuit, a W-phase detection circuit, and a reference voltage circuit, the U-phase detection circuit, the V-phase detection circuit, and the W-phase The detection circuit detects the power of the generator terminal And the reference voltage circuit detects the battery terminal voltage, thereby using the voltage detection unit to compare and determine the generator voltage and the battery voltage.

The circuit configurations of the U-phase detection circuit, the V-phase detection circuit, and the W-phase detection circuit are all the same. The U-phase detection circuit includes an input voltage +V _CC , an input voltage V _U , and an output voltage V _UN and an output voltage V _UP , the input voltage +V _{CC is} connected to the input voltage V _U in sequence with a resistor R _1U , a resistor R _2U and the anode of a diode D _1U , and the diode D _1U The cathode is connected to the input voltage V _U , and the output voltage V _{UN is connected between the resistor R 1U} and the resistor R _2U , and the input voltage V _{U is} connected to _{the anode of a diode D 2U} , and the diode D _{The cathode of the 2U} is connected to a resistor R _3U and a resistor R _{4U in} sequence to form a ground, and the output voltage V _{UP is connected between the resistor R 3U} and the resistor R _4U .

The reference voltage circuit includes an input voltage +V _CC , an input voltage V _DC , an output voltage V _RN and an output voltage V _RP , and the input voltage +V _{CC is} sequentially connected to a resistor R _1R and a resistor R _2R and the anode of a diode D _1R, D _1R and the cathode of the diode forms a ground, and the resistor R _1R is connected between the output voltage V _RN and the resistor R _2R, should the input voltage V _DC is connected a diode D _2R of the body of the anode, and the cathode of the order of D _2R diode is connected to a resistor R _3R resistor R _4R after a ground is formed, and the resistor R _3R is connected between the output voltage V _RP and the resistor R _4R.

，當該U向偵測電路之該輸入電壓V_U大於該參考電壓電路之該輸 入電壓V_DC時，該輸出電壓V_UP大於該輸出電壓V_RP，由該控制器驅動該M1電晶體之源極與汲極形成導通，於截止過程中且該輸出電壓V_UP小於該輸出電壓V_RP時，可得知此時電流為零或電流為反向由汲極流向源極，由該控制器驅動控制該M1電晶體截止而讓源極與汲極形成不導通。 The comparison formula for judging whether the M1 transistor of the U-phase detection circuit and the reference voltage circuit is turned on or off is:

_{When the input voltage V U of} the U-direction detection circuit is greater than the input voltage V _{DC of} the reference voltage circuit, the output voltage V _{UP is} greater than the output voltage V _RP , and the controller drives the source of the M1 transistor When the output voltage V _{UP is} less than the output voltage V _RP during the cut-off process, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source, which is driven by the controller The M1 transistor is controlled to be turned off so that the source and drain are non-conducting.

，當該U向偵測電路之該輸入電壓V_U小於零電壓時，該輸出電壓V_UN小於該輸出電壓V_RN，由該控制器驅動該M2電晶體之源極與汲極形成導通，於截止過程中且該輸出電壓V_UN大於零電壓時，可得知此時電流為零或電流為反向由汲極流向源極，由該控制器驅動控制該M2電晶體截止而讓源極與汲極形成不導通。 The comparison formula for judging whether the M2 transistor of the U-phase detection circuit and the reference voltage circuit is turned on or off is:

_{, When the input voltage V U of} the U-direction detection circuit is less than zero voltage, the output voltage V _{UN is} less than the output voltage V _RN , and the controller drives the source and drain of the M2 transistor to form conduction. During the cut-off process and the output voltage V _{UN is} greater than zero voltage, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source, and the controller drives and controls the M2 transistor to cut off so that the source and The drain is non-conductive.

The main purpose of the present invention is that the voltage detection unit detects that the source and drain of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors are turned on when the generator is rectified, thereby forming a rectification effect with low conduction loss, which is then driven by the controller The above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors in the on-state are cut off multiple times at intervals for detection. When the current of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors is detected from the source to the drain during the cut-off process, stop the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors The cut-off control of the M1~M6 transistor during the cut-off process detects that the current of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistor is flowing from the drain to the source, and then completes the cut-off control of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistor, thereby improving the rectification efficiency and stabilizing the rectification. effect.

Other purposes, advantages and novel features of this creation will be detailed below The detailed description and related drawings are more obvious.

〔this invention〕

10: Generator

11: U-phase output

12: V phase output terminal

13: W phase output terminal

20: Rectifier unit

21: M1 transistor

21D: Diode

22: M2 transistor

22D: Diode

23: M3 transistor

23D: Diode

24: M4 transistor

24D: Diode

25: M5 transistor

25D: Diode

26: M6 transistor

26D: Diode

30: battery

31: Load

40: Voltage detection unit

41: U phase detection circuit

410: Input voltage +V _CC

411: Input voltage V _U

412: Output voltage V _UN

413: Output voltage V _UP

414: Diode D _1U

415: Resistance R _1U

416: Resistance R _2U

417: Diode D _2U

418: Resistance R _3U

419: Resistance R _4U

42: V phase detection circuit

43: W phase detection circuit

44: Reference voltage circuit

440: Input voltage +V _CC

441: Input voltage V _DC

442: Output voltage V _RN

443: Output voltage V _RP

444: Diode D _1R

445: Resistance R _1R

446: Resistance R _2R

447: Diode D _2R

448: Resistance R _3R

449: Resistance R _4R

50: Controller

[Figure 1] is a circuit configuration diagram of the present invention.

[Figure 2] is the U-phase M1 transistor conduction rectifier circuit diagram of the present invention.

[Figure 3] is the voltage waveform diagram of the present invention.

[Figure 4] is a diagram of the U-phase M2 transistor conduction rectification circuit of the present invention.

[Figure 5] is a circuit diagram of the voltage detection circuit of the present invention.

In order to enable your reviewer to have a further understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, please cooperate with the following [Schematic Description] in detail as follows:

First, please see from Figure 1, a three-phase synchronous rectification control system for a generator, including: a generator 10, a rectifier unit 20, a battery 30, a voltage detection unit 40, and a controller 50. A generator 10 is formed with a U-phase output terminal 11, a V-phase output terminal 12, and a W-phase output terminal 13. A rectifier unit 20 is connected to the U-phase output terminal 11, a source of an M1 transistor 21 and an M2 transistor 22, and the rectifier unit 20 is connected to the V-phase output terminal 12, a source of an M3 transistor 23 and a drain of an M4 transistor 24, and the rectifier unit 20 is connected to the W-phase output terminal 13 with an M5 transistor The source of 25 and the drain of a M6 transistor 26, and the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) are all a metal oxide half-field effect transistor (MOSFET), a battery 30 The positive pole is connected to the M1, M3, The drain of the M5 transistor (21, 23, 25), and the negative electrode of the battery 30 is connected to the source of the M2, M4, and M6 transistors (22, 24, 26), and a voltage detection unit 40 is respectively connected to the The U-phase output terminal 11, the V-phase output terminal 12, the W-phase output terminal 13 and the positive electrode of the battery 30 are used to compare the voltage difference between the generator 10 and the battery 30, wherein the voltage detection unit 40 It includes a U-phase detection circuit 41, a V-phase detection circuit 42, a W-phase detection circuit 43, and a reference voltage circuit 44. Among them, the U-phase detection circuit 41, the V-phase detection circuit 42 and the The circuit configuration of the W-phase detection circuit 43 is the same. The U-phase detection circuit 41, the V-phase detection circuit 42 and the W-phase detection circuit 43 detect the terminal voltage of the generator 10, and the reference voltage circuit 44 Detect the terminal voltage of the battery 30, thereby using the voltage detecting unit 40 to compare the voltage of the generator 10 with the voltage of the battery 30, a controller 50 is connected to the voltage detecting unit 40 to receive a comparison signal, and The controller 50 is connected to the gates of the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26), and the voltage detection unit 40 detects that the generator 10 and the positive and negative poles of the battery 30 have When the voltage difference is different, the conduction corresponds to the source and drain of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26), thereby forming a low conduction loss rectification effect, and then the controller 50 drives the conduction state The above M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) perform multiple cut-off detections at intervals, and the above M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24) are detected during the cut-off process. , 25, 26) When the current flows from the source to the drain, stop the cut-off control of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26), and detect the above-mentioned M1~M6 during the cut-off process When the current of the transistor (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) flows from the drain to the source, complete the above M1~M6 The cut-off control of the transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) has the effect of improving the rectification efficiency and stabilizing the rectification.

Please cooperate with the observation shown in Figure 2. The U-phase output terminal 11, the V-phase output terminal 12 and the W-phase output terminal 13 of the generator 10 operate in the same manner, and the U-phase output terminal 11 corresponds to the M1 The transistor 21 and the M2 transistor 22, the V-phase output terminal 12 corresponds to the M3 transistor 23 and the M4 transistor 24, and the W-phase output terminal 13 corresponds to the M5 transistor 25 and the M6 transistor 26. Therefore, this creation only takes the U-phase output terminal 11 as an example. When the generator 10 forms the positive voltage state of the U-phase output terminal 11, the U-phase detection circuit 41 of the voltage detection unit 40 and The reference voltage circuit 44 compares, the U-phase detection circuit 41 detects the terminal voltage of the generator 10, and the reference voltage circuit 44 detects the terminal voltage of the battery 30, when the voltage of the generator 10 is higher than that of the battery 30 When voltage, the voltage detection unit 40 provides the voltage difference signal of the controller 50, and the controller 50 turns on the M1 transistor 21, so that the current of the generator 10 flows from the source of the M1 transistor 21 to Drain, and then flow to the battery 30 for charging, it can also flow to the load 31 at the end of the battery 30 to form a direct power supply, and then flow through the M4 transistor 24 or the M6 transistor 26 to form a current loop, because the M1 transistor 21 The on-resistance is small, so a rectification effect with low conduction loss is formed. After the M1 transistor 21 is turned on for a certain period of time, the controller 50 drives the M1 transistor 21 in the on state to perform multiple cut-off detections at intervals. The M1 transistor 21 forms an increase in resistance during the cut-off process, so that the voltage difference between the generator 10 and the battery 30 becomes larger, which is easily detected by the voltage detection unit 40, thereby knowing the M1 voltage The flow of current in crystal 21 As shown in Figure 3, if it is detected that the current of the M1 transistor 21 is flowing from the source to the drain, the cut-off control of the M1 transistor 21 is stopped. If the current of the M1 transistor 21 is detected during the cut-off process When the current flows from the drain to the source, the cut-off control of the M1 transistor 21 is successively completed, that is, the positive voltage output of the generator 10 at the U-phase output terminal 11 is completed. When the voltage of 10 is lower than zero voltage, the controller 50 turns on the M2 transistor 22 so that the current of the generator 10 first flows through the M3 transistor 23 or the M5 transistor 25 to the battery 30 or load 31, After charging, the source of the M2 transistor 22 flows to the drain to form a loop. Because the on-resistance of the M2 transistor 22 is small, a rectification effect with low conduction loss is formed, and after the M2 transistor 22 is turned on for a certain period of time The controller 50 drives the M2 transistor 22 in the on state to perform multiple cut-off detections at intervals. The M2 transistor 22 forms a resistance increase during the cut-off process, so that the electrical resistance between the generator 10 and the battery 30 The voltage difference becomes larger and is easily detected by the voltage detection unit 40, thereby knowing the direction of the current flow of the M2 transistor 22. If it is detected that the current of the M2 transistor 22 is flowing from the source to the drain, Stop the cut-off control of the M2 transistor 22. If it is detected that the current of the M2 transistor 22 is flowing from the drain to the source during the cut-off process, the cut-off control of the M2 transistor 22 is continued, and the generator 10 is completed. The negative voltage operation of the U-phase output terminal 11 has the effect of improving rectification efficiency and stabilizing rectification. Furthermore, the above M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) are connected in parallel with a diode (21D, 22D, 23D, 24D, 25D, 26D), the above M1, M3, M5 The source of the transistor (21, 23, 25) is connected to the cathode of the above diode (21D, 23D, 25D), and the above M2, M4, M6 The source of the crystal (22, 24, 26) is connected to the cathode of the above-mentioned diode (22D, 24D, 26D), and the above-mentioned diode (21D, 22D, 23D, 24D, 25D, 26D) forms a circuit protection effect, When the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) cannot be turned on or off normally, the power generation of the generator 10 is based on the above-mentioned diodes (21D, 22D, 23D, 24D, 25D, 26D) Perform rectification operation with high conduction loss.

To further illustrate, as shown in Figure 1, the controller 50 drives the aforementioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) to perform multiple cut-off detections. The first cut-off timing is the first three to ten. The moving average value of the second cut-off time, that is, the controller 50 will immediately record the time from on to cut-off of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26), and then take the average value to control the current process The timing of multiple cut-offs is to execute the cut-off action of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) before the current changes, and the controller 50 drives the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) The cut-off interval for multiple cut-off detections is 10% of the entire conduction interval of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26). This combines rectification stability and rectification efficiency.

Please observe from Figures 1 and 5 to further explain the comparison mechanism of the voltage detection unit 40, the circuits of the U-phase detection circuit 41, the V-phase detection circuit 42 and the W-phase detection circuit 43 The configuration is the same. Take the U-phase detection circuit 41 as an example. The U-phase detection circuit 41 includes an input voltage +V _CC 410, an input voltage V _U 411, an output voltage V _UN 412, and an output voltage V _UP 413 , The input voltage +V _CC 410 and the input voltage V _U 411 are sequentially connected to _{the anode of a resistor R 1U} 415, a resistor R _2U 416, and a diode D _1U 414, and the cathode of the _{diode D 1U 414} Is connected to the input voltage V _U 411, the output voltage V _UN 412 is connected between the resistor R _1U 415 and the resistor R _2U 416, and the input voltage V _U 411 is connected to the anode of a _{diode D 2U 417, and} The cathode of the diode D _2U 417 is connected to a resistor R _3U 418 and a resistor R _4U 419 in order to form a ground, and the output voltage V _{UP 413 is connected between the resistor R 3U} 418 and the resistor R _4U 419, as shown in As shown in FIG. 5, the circuits and operations of the V-phase detection circuit 42 and the W-phase detection circuit 43 are exactly the same as those of the U-phase detection circuit 41. The reference voltage circuit 44 includes an input voltage +V _CC 440, an input voltage V _DC 441, an output voltage V _RN 442, and an output voltage V _RP 443. The input voltage +V _CC 440 is sequentially connected to a resistor R _1R 445 The anode of a resistor R _2R 446 and a diode D _1R 444, and the cathode of the diode D _1R 444 form a ground, and the output voltage V _{RN is connected between the resistor R 1R} 445 and the resistor R _{2R 446} 442. The input voltage V _DC 441 is connected to _{the anode of a diode D 2R} 447, and the cathode of the diode D _2R 447 is connected to a resistor R _3R 448 and a resistor R _4R 449 in sequence to form a ground, and the resistor The output voltage V _RP 443 is connected between R _3R 448 and the resistor R _{4R 449. When the input voltage V U} 411 of the U-direction detection circuit 41 is greater than the input voltage V _DC 441 of the reference voltage circuit 44, the output voltage V _UP 413 is greater than the output voltage V _RP 443 and is driven by the controller 50 The source and drain of the M1 transistor 21 are turned on. When the output voltage V _UP 413 is less than the output voltage V _RP 443 during the cut-off process, the controller 50 drives the source and drain of the M1 transistor 21 The pole forms a cut-off. _{When the input voltage V U} 411 of the U-direction detection circuit 41 is less than zero voltage, the output voltage V _UN 412 is less than the output voltage V _RN 442, and the controller 50 drives the source and drain of the M2 transistor 22 When the output voltage V _UN 412 is greater than zero voltage during the turn-off process, the controller 50 drives the source and drain of the M2 transistor 21 to turn off.

，同時該參考電壓電路41偵測該電池30端之該輸入電壓V_DC441大於該二極體D_2R447的導通電壓V_D2R，使該二極體D_2R447導通而讓電流流至該輸出電壓V_RP443，該輸出電壓V_RP443的電壓方程式為：

，再者，該電阻R_3U418等於該電阻R_3R448，該電阻R_4U419等於該電阻R_4R449，該二極體D_2U417等於該二極體D_2R447，因此該二極體D_2U417的導通電壓V_D2U會等於該二極體D_2R447的導通電壓V_D2R，將式1減式2可得該U相偵測電路41與該參考電壓電路44之該M1電晶體21導通截止判斷比較公式：

，利用式3能進一步判斷該發電機10的運行狀態，當該輸出電壓V_UP413大於該輸出電壓V_RP443時，由該控制器50導通該M1電晶體21，使該U相輸出端11之電流能由該M1電晶體21之源極流過汲極，並完成對該電池30充電或提供該負載31之用電，反之， 當進行該M1電晶體21之間隔時間的多次截止過程中，同步偵測該輸出電壓V_UP413與該輸出電壓V_RP443，若該輸出電壓V_UP413仍大於該輸出電壓V_RP443，則停止對該M1電晶體21之截止動作，保持低導通損失之整流狀態，再次進行截止偵測時，若該輸出電壓V_UP413小於該輸出電壓V_RP443，可得知此時電流為零或電流為反向由汲極流向源極，由該控制器50驅動控制該M1電晶體21截止而讓源極與汲極形成不導通，再者，當偵測該發電機10之輸入電壓V_U411小於該二極體D_2U417的導通電壓V_D2U時，二極體D_2U417截止，則輸出電壓V_UP413為零，亦能偵測得知該輸出電壓V_UP413小於該輸出電壓V_RP443，即能達到等效的整流判斷，藉此兼具有提高整流效率與穩定整流之功效。 It judges the on or off state of the M1 transistor 21, and then please observe it as shown in Figure 5. Take the U-phase of the generator 10 as an illustration. The voltage detection circuit 40 is connected to the U-phase output terminal 11 for detection the voltage value, when detecting the generator input 10 of the voltage V _U 411 is greater than the diode D oN voltage V _{D2U 2U} 417, then the diode D _2U 417 is turned on so that current flows to the output voltage V _UP 413 , The voltage equation of the output voltage V _{UP 413 is:}

, While the reference voltage circuit 41 detects that the battery 30 side of the input voltage V _DC 441 is greater than the diode D ON voltage V _{D2R 2R} 447, so that the diode D _2R 447 is turned on and allows current to flow to the output Voltage V _RP 443, the voltage equation of the output voltage V _{RP 443 is:}

Furthermore, the resistance R _3U 418 is equal to the resistance R _3R 448, the resistance R _4U 419 is equal to the resistance R _4R 449, the diode D _2U 417 is equal to the diode D _2R 447, so the diode D The turn-on voltage V _{D2U of the 2U} 417 will be equal to the turn-on voltage V _{D2R of the diode D 2R} 447. By subtracting formula 1 from formula 2, the U-phase detection circuit 41 and the M1 transistor 21 of the reference voltage circuit 44 are turned on. Cut-off judgment comparison formula:

Using Equation 3, the operating state of the generator 10 can be further judged. When the output voltage V _UP 413 is greater than the output voltage V _RP 443, the controller 50 turns on the M1 transistor 21 to make the U-phase output terminal 11 The current can flow from the source of the M1 transistor 21 to the drain, and complete the charging of the battery 30 or the supply of power to the load 31. On the contrary, when the M1 transistor 21 has multiple cut-off processes at intervals In the process, the output voltage V _UP 413 and the output voltage V _RP 443 are synchronously detected. If the output voltage V _UP 413 is still greater than the output voltage V _RP 443, the cut-off action of the M1 transistor 21 is stopped and the conduction is kept low. _{If the output voltage V UP} 413 is less than the output voltage V _RP 443 when the loss rectification state is detected again, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source. The device 50 drives and controls the M1 transistor 21 to turn off so that the source and drain are non-conductive. Furthermore, when it is detected that the input voltage V _U 411 of the generator 10 is less than the conduction voltage V _{D2U of the diode D 2U 417} When the diode D _2U 417 is turned off, the output voltage V _UP 413 is zero. It can also be detected that the output voltage V _UP 413 is less than the output voltage V _RP 443, that is, an equivalent rectification judgment can be achieved, thereby It also has the effect of improving rectification efficiency and stabilizing rectification.

，同時該參考電壓電路41偵測該電池30端之該輸入電壓+V_CC440導通流至該輸出電壓V_RN442，而該二極體D_1R444之導通電壓V_D1R，該輸出電壓V_RN442的電壓方程式為：

，再者，該電阻R_1U415等於該電阻R_1R444，且該電阻R_2U416等於該電阻R_2R446， 又該二極體D_1U414等於該二極體D_1R444，因此該二極體D_1U414的導通電壓V_D1U會等於該二極體D_2R447的導通電壓V_D1R，將式4減式5可得該U相偵測電路41與該參考電壓電路44之負電壓比較公式：

，利用式6能進一步判斷該發電機10的運行狀態，當該輸出電壓V_U411小於零電壓時，該輸出電壓V_UN412小於該輸出電壓V_RN442，由該控制器50驅動該M2電晶體22之源極與汲極形成導通，於截止過程中且該輸出電壓V_UN412大於零電壓時，可得知此時電流為零或電流為反向由汲極流向源極，由該控制器50驅動控制該M2電晶體22截止而讓源極與汲極形成不導通，再者，當偵測該發電機10之輸入電壓V_U411大於該輸入電壓+V_CC410減去該二極體D_1U414之導通電壓V_D1U時(V_CC-V_U<V_D1U)，二極體D_1U414截止，則輸出電壓V_UN412為電壓+V_CC410，所以輸出電壓V_UN412大於該輸出電壓V_RN442，即能達到等效的整流判斷，藉此兼具有提高整流效率與穩定整流之功效。 If the M2 transistor 22 is on or off, please observe it as shown in Figure 5. When it is detected that the input voltage V _U 411 of the generator 10 is less than the input voltage +V _CC 410 minus the diode D when the oN voltage V _{D1U 1U} 414 of _{(V CC -V U> V D1U} ), the diode D _1U 414 is turned on so that current flows to the output voltage V _UN 412, the output voltage V voltage equation _UN 412 is: V _Un =[ V _CC-

At the same time, the reference voltage circuit 41 detects that the input voltage +V _CC 440 of the battery 30 is turned on to the output voltage V _RN 442, and the turn-on voltage V _{D1R of the diode D 1R} 444 is the output voltage V _RN The voltage equation of 442 is:

Furthermore, the resistance R _1U 415 is equal to the resistance R _1R 444, the resistance R _2U 416 is equal to the resistance R _2R 446, and the diode D _1U 414 is equal to the diode D _1R 444, so the diode The turn-on voltage V _{D1U of the} body D _1U 414 will be equal to the turn-on voltage V _{D1R of the diode D 2R} 447, and the negative voltage comparison formula of the U-phase detection circuit 41 and the reference voltage circuit 44 can be obtained by subtracting formula 4 from formula 5 :

, The operating state of the generator 10 can be further judged using Equation 6. When the output voltage V _U 411 is less than zero voltage, the output voltage V _UN 412 is less than the output voltage V _RN 442, and the controller 50 drives the M2 power supply The source and drain of the crystal 22 are turned on. During the cut-off process and the output voltage V _UN 412 is greater than zero voltage, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source. The device 50 drives and controls the M2 transistor 22 to turn off so that the source and drain are non-conducting. Furthermore, when it is detected that the input voltage V _U 411 of the generator 10 is greater than the input voltage +V _CC 410 minus the two poles When the conduction voltage V _{D1U of the} body D _1U 414 (V _CC -V _U <V _D1U ), the diode D _1U 414 is cut off, the output voltage V _UN 412 is the voltage +V _CC 410, so the output voltage V _UN 412 is greater than this The output voltage V _RN 442 can achieve equivalent rectification judgment, thereby having the effect of improving rectification efficiency and stable rectification.

Among them, the maximum voltage of the input voltage V _CC must be less than the maximum allowable voltage of the voltage detection circuit 40 and the controller 50. Taking the U phase as an example, the resistance of the resistor R _1U 415 to the resistor R _4U 419 and The diode D _1U 414 and the diode D _2U 417 are used to protect the voltage detection circuit 40 and the controller 50.

In summary, the present invention has indeed achieved a breakthrough structural design, and has an improved content of the invention, while at the same time it can achieve industrial applicability and It is progressive, and the invention has not been seen in any publications, and it is also novel. When it complies with the relevant provisions of the Patent Law, Yan filed an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law. I implore the Jun Bureau review committee to grant a legal patent. I really pray.

Only the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equal changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall still belong to the present invention. Covered by the patent.

10: Generator

11: U-phase output

12: V phase output terminal

13: W phase output terminal

20: Rectifier unit

21: M1 transistor

21D: Diode

22: M2 transistor

22D: Diode

23: M3 transistor

23D: Diode

24: M4 transistor

24D: Diode

25: M5 transistor

25D: Diode

26: M6 transistor

26D: Diode

30: battery

31: Load

40: Voltage detection unit

42: V phase detection circuit

43: W phase detection circuit

44: Reference voltage circuit

50: Controller

Claims (9)

A three-phase synchronous rectification control system for a generator includes: a generator with a U-phase output terminal, a V-phase output terminal, and a W-phase output terminal; a rectifier unit connected to the U-phase output terminal with an M1 The source electrode of the transistor and the drain electrode of an M2 transistor, and the rectifier unit is connected to the V-phase output terminal with a source electrode of an M3 transistor and a drain electrode of an M4 transistor, and the rectifier unit is connected to the W-phase output terminal with a The source of the M5 transistor and the drain of an M6 transistor; a battery, the anode of which is connected to the drain of the M1, M3, and M5 transistors, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the source of the M2, M4, and M6 transistors A voltage detection unit, which is respectively connected to the U-phase output terminal, the V-phase output terminal, the W-phase output terminal and the positive electrode of the battery for comparing the voltage difference between the generator and the battery; and A controller connected to the voltage detection unit for receiving a comparison signal, and the controller is connected to the gates of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors, and the voltage detection unit detects the generator and the positive and negative poles of the battery When there is a voltage difference, the source and drain corresponding to the above M1~M6 transistors are turned on to form a low conduction loss rectification effect. Then the controller drives the above M1~M6 transistors in the on state for multiple intervals. Cut-off detection, when detecting that the current of the above M1~M6 transistors are flowing from the source to the drain during the cut-off process, stop the cut-off control of the above M1~M6 transistors during the cut-off process When detecting that the current of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors is flowing from the drain to the source, the cut-off control of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors is successively completed. The above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors form a resistance increase during the cut-off process, which makes the generator The voltage difference between the battery and the battery becomes larger, which can be easily detected by the voltage detection unit, thereby knowing the current flow direction of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors. For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 1, wherein the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors are connected in parallel with a diode, and the sources of the above-mentioned M1, M3, and M5 transistors are connected to the cathodes of the above-mentioned diodes. The sources of the transistors M2, M4, and M6 are connected to the cathode of the diode. For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 1, wherein the first cut-off timing when the controller drives the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors to perform multiple cut-off detections is the moving average of the previous three to ten cut-off points. For example, in the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 1, the cut-off interval for the controller to drive the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors to perform multiple cut-off detections is 10% of the entire conduction interval of the above-mentioned M1~M6 transistors. For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of a generator in claim 1, wherein the voltage detection unit includes a U-phase detection circuit, a V-phase detection circuit, a W-phase detection circuit, and a reference voltage circuit. The phase detection circuit, the V phase detection circuit, and the W phase detection circuit detect the generator terminal voltage, and the reference voltage circuit detects the battery terminal voltage, thereby using the voltage detection unit to perform the generator The comparison of the voltage and the battery voltage is judged. For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 5, wherein the circuit configuration of the U-phase detection circuit, the V-phase detection circuit and the W-phase detection circuit are the same, and the U-phase detection circuit includes an input Voltage +V _CC , an input voltage V _U , an output voltage V _UN and an output voltage V _UP , the input voltage +V _{CC is} connected to the input voltage V _U with a resistor R _1U , a resistor R _2U and a resistor in sequence the anode of diode D _1U, D _1U and the cathode of the diode is connected to the input voltage V _U, resistance R _1U which is connected between the output voltage V _UN and the resistor R _2U, should the input voltage V _U connection D _2U of a diode anode, and the cathode of diode D _2U sequence of a resistor R _3U is connected with the latter resistor R _4U form the ground, and the resistor R _3U is connected between the output voltage V and the resistance R _{4U UP} . For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of a generator of claim 6, wherein the reference voltage circuit includes an input voltage +V _CC , an input voltage V _DC , an output voltage V _RN and an output voltage V _RP , the input voltage + V _{CC is} connected to the anode of a resistor R _1R, a resistor R _2R, and a diode D _{1R in sequence, and the cathode of the diode D 1R} is grounded, and the resistor R _1R and the resistor R _2R are connected to the The output voltage V _RN , and the input voltage V _{DC is} connected to the anode of a _{diode D 2R , and the cathode of the diode D 2R} is sequentially connected to a resistor R _3R and a resistor R _4R to form a ground, and the resistor R _3R The output voltage V _RP is connected to the resistor R _4R . For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 7, wherein the U-phase detection circuit and the reference voltage circuit of the M1 transistor on and off judgment comparison formula:

_{When the input voltage V U of} the U-direction detection circuit is greater than the input voltage V _{DC of} the reference voltage circuit, the output voltage V _{UP is} greater than the output voltage V _RP , and the controller drives the source of the M1 transistor When the output voltage V _{UP is} less than the output voltage V _RP during the cut-off process, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source, which is driven and controlled by the controller The M1 transistor is cut off, so that the source and drain are non-conducting. For example, the three-phase synchronous rectification control system of the generator of claim 7, wherein the U-phase detection circuit and the reference voltage circuit of the M2 transistor on and off judgment comparison formula:

_{When the input voltage V U of} the U-direction detection circuit is less than zero voltage, the output voltage V _{UN is} less than the output voltage V _RN , and the source and drain of the M2 transistor are driven by the controller to be turned on and turned off During the process and when the output voltage V _{UN is} greater than zero voltage, it can be known that the current is zero or the current flows in the reverse direction from the drain to the source. The controller drives and controls the M2 transistor to turn off so that the source and the drain are turned off. The poles are non-conducting.

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