TWI708590B - Re-wearable wireless device - Google Patents

Abstract

A re-wearable wireless device includes a reusable component to be secured to a disposable component. The reusable component includes a sensor interface to receive signals from an electrode secured to a living subject and monitors physiological and physical parameters associated with the living subject and a cellular wireless communication circuit. An adhesive base the device includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer partially covering the first adhesive layer around a perimeter thereof, where the first and second adhesive layers include different adhesives. A method of establishing a link between two wireless devices is also disclosed, where a first wireless device with an insignia representing a communication channel address identification is provided. An image of the insignia is captured with a mobile telephone computing device comprising an image sensor. The captured image is processed to extract the communication channel address identification represented by the insignia.

Description

Wearable wireless device Cross references

This application is a partial continuation of the application No. 13/336,956 filed on December 23, 2011. The application No. 13/336,956 is the application No. 12/673,326 filed on February 12, 2010. In the case of division, the application No. 12/673,326 claims that the application No. PCT/US09/68128 filed on December 15, 2009 is based on the interests of US371, and the application No. 61/122,723 filed on December 15, 2008 is temporarily The interests of the application, claim the interests of the provisional application No. 61/160,289 filed on March 13, 2009, claim the interests of the provisional application No. 61/240,571 filed on September 8, 2009, and claim October 2009 For the benefit of provisional application No. 61/251,088 filed on the 13th, the contents disclosed in the above application are incorporated by reference.

The present invention generally relates to re-wearable wireless devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to a re-wearable wireless device configured to monitor at least one parameter and wirelessly communicate the monitored at least one parameter to a communication network. The communication network transmits the monitored at least one parameter to a remote device, such as a back-end server, through a communication network or other wide area network. At least one parameter to be monitored may include skin impedance, electrocardiogram signal, conductive transmission current signal, wearer's position, temperature, heart rate, perspiration rate, humidity, altitude/air pressure, global positioning system (GPS), proximity , Bacterial content, glucose level, chemical markers, blood oxygen concentration and other physiological and physical parameters, but not limited to these.

Use low-power wireless communication protocols that then transmit data collected on remote servers through wired connections, plain old telephone service (POTS), cellular data, etc., such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy Energy technology (Bluetooth low energy, BLE), wireless transmission module (ZigBee), ANT, exclusive, etc., the current wearable wireless device architecture provides communication with hubs, base stations, and phones. The new mobile chip allows the combination of cellular modem/phone in personal wireless wearable devices, thereby simplifying the design of the entire system/improving usability, while reducing service costs.

Other issues related to current wearable wireless devices include the high cost of manufacturing electronic components, user discomfort associated with long-wear adhesive parts or parts in contact with the skin, and so on.

In one aspect, a re-wearable wireless device is provided. The re-wearable wireless device includes a reusable component that is configured to be secured to the disposable component. The reusable component includes a sensor interface configured to receive a signal from at least one electrode configured to be fixed to a living body, and to monitor one or more physiological parameters and physical parameters associated with the living body, and is reusable Components also include cellular wireless communication circuits.

In another aspect, an adhesive base for re-wearable wireless devices is provided. The re-wearable adhesive base includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer partially covers the first adhesive layer around the periphery of the first adhesive layer. The first adhesive layer includes a first adhesive, and the second adhesive layer includes a second adhesive.

Another aspect is to provide a method for establishing a connection between two wireless devices. According to this method, a first wireless device is provided, which has a flag indicating the identification of the communication channel address. The image of the logo is captured by a mobile phone computing device containing an image sensor. The captured image is processed to extract the communication channel address identification indicated by the flag.

In yet another aspect, the re-wearable wireless device according to the present invention includes a reusable component and a disposable component. Reusable components may include mobile chipsets, energy sources, sensors, etc. The disposable component may include electrodes and/or an adhesive for adhering the disposable component to the skin of a living human or animal. Disposable components can include at least two types of adhesives.

100‧‧‧Wireless System

102‧‧‧Re-wearable wireless device

104‧‧‧Live

106‧‧‧Remote node (remote server)

108‧‧‧Honeycomb communication network

110‧‧‧Other networks

112‧‧‧Internet

114‧‧‧Cell phone tower

116‧‧‧Base Station (BS)

118‧‧‧Database

120‧‧‧Processing system

202‧‧‧Disposable components

204‧‧‧Reusable components (reusable electronic modules)

206‧‧‧(Radio frequency) wireless communication circuit

208‧‧‧Sensor platform based on application-specific integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit department)

210‧‧‧Controller (Processor)

212‧‧‧Memory

214‧‧‧Battery

216‧‧‧Sensor interface

218‧‧‧Sensor interface

220a, 220b‧‧‧ electrode

222‧‧‧Accelerometer

224‧‧‧Temperature sensor

226‧‧‧32 kHz crystal (32 kHz clock)

228‧‧‧Flexible circuit

230‧‧‧Room temperature and body temperature (temperature) sensor

232‧‧‧GSR/Electric Dermal Activation (EDA) Sensor

234‧‧‧Universal Serial Bus (USB)

236‧‧‧Light Emitting Diode (LED)

238‧‧‧Test interface

240‧‧‧User Button (Button)

300‧‧‧Block function diagram

310‧‧‧Electrode input

316‧‧‧Sensor

318‧‧‧Feedback Module

320‧‧‧Through body conductive communication module

330‧‧‧Physiological Sensing Module

340‧‧‧Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Temperature Sensing Module

350‧‧‧Three-axis accelerometer

360‧‧‧Processing Engine

370‧‧‧Non-volatile memory

380‧‧‧Wireless communication module

420‧‧‧Event Marking System

422‧‧‧Frame

424‧‧‧Swallowable material

425‧‧‧Skirt

426‧‧‧Swallowable material

427‧‧‧Skirt

428‧‧‧Control device

500‧‧‧Disposable components

502‧‧‧Adhesive base

504a, 504b‧‧‧ electrode

506a, 506b‧‧‧electric contact

508‧‧‧Mechanical snap connection mechanism

510a, 510b‧‧‧Protruding elements

600‧‧‧Reusable components

602‧‧‧Shell

604a‧‧‧Recess

606‧‧‧Bottom

702a, 702b‧‧‧electric contact

704a‧‧‧input/output address

704b‧‧‧Personal Identification Number

800‧‧‧Reusable components

802a, 804b‧‧‧(skin) electrode

900‧‧‧Disposable components

902‧‧‧(Skin) Adhesive coating

904‧‧‧Central section

1000‧‧‧Reusable components

1001‧‧‧Receiver

1002‧‧‧Disposable components

1004a, 1004b‧‧‧electrode

1006a, 1006b‧‧‧electrode terminal

1008‧‧‧Shell

1010a, 1010b‧‧‧Double conductor cable

1012‧‧‧Connector

1020‧‧‧Manually depressible operation button

1030‧‧‧Status Identification Code LED

1100‧‧‧Adhesive base

1102‧‧‧Main adhesive layer

1104‧‧‧ Secondary Adhesive Layer

1106‧‧‧Edge, periphery

1108‧‧‧Cover layer

1110‧‧‧Upper shell plate

1120‧‧‧Integrated Circuit Assembly

1130‧‧‧Lower shell plate

1140‧‧‧Adhesive patch

1141，1142，1143‧‧‧Conductive pillar

1150‧‧‧Upper shell

1151, 1152, 1153‧‧‧Skin contact column

1154‧‧‧Conductive hydrocolloid layer

1155‧‧‧Non-conductive hydrocolloid

1156‧‧‧Pressure Sensitive Adhesive

1170‧‧‧Porous layer

1180‧‧‧Upper support layer

1200‧‧‧Reusable components

1202‧‧‧Bottom

1204a‧‧‧input/output address

1204b‧‧‧Personal Identification Number

1210‧‧‧Smartphone (camera phone)

1212‧‧‧Image

1300‧‧‧External patch configuration

1310, 1320‧‧‧electrode

1330‧‧‧Upper elastic outer support

1350‧‧‧Under elastic support

1360‧‧‧Integrated Circuit/Battery Assembly

1370，1375‧‧‧Lead components

Fig. 1 shows an aspect of a wireless communication system including a re-wearable wireless device with a mobile chipset.

Figure 2 is a system diagram of the re-wearable wireless device.

3 is a functional block diagram of one aspect of an integrated circuit component of the electronic module of the reusable component of the re-wearable wireless device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Figure 4 shows one aspect of the event marking system.

FIG. 5 shows an aspect of a disposable component including a bonding substrate, electrodes (indicated by dashed lines), electrical contacts, and a mechanical snap connection mechanism.

6 is a perspective top view of one of the reusable components including the electronic module in the housing configured to match the mechanical snap connection mechanism of the disposable component shown in FIG. 5.

Figure 7 is a perspective bottom view of one of the reusable components facing.

Figure 8 shows one aspect of reusable components.

Figure 9 shows one side of the adhesive covering layer.

FIG. 10 shows an aspect of a re-wearable wireless device including reusable components and disposable components.

Figure 11 shows a side of the adhesive base to be fixed to the main body.

Figures 12A and 12B show one aspect of the process of capturing an image of an input/output (I/O) address and a personal identification number (PIN) located at the bottom of the reusable component.

Fig. 13 is a 3D diagram of an external signal receiver according to one aspect.

Fig. 14 provides an exploded view of the signal receiver shown in Fig. 10 according to one aspect.

FIG. 15 provides an exploded view of the adhesive patch assembly of the signal receiver shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 according to one aspect.

16A to 16E provide various views of the two-electrode external signal receiver according to one aspect.

Before describing the various embodiments of the wireless wearable device, system, and method in detail, it should be noted that the various embodiments disclosed herein do not limit their application or use to the structures and structures shown in the drawings and descriptions. Details of the layout of the components. In contrast, the disclosed embodiments can be positioned or combined with other embodiments, their variations and modifications, and can be practiced or executed in various ways. Accordingly, the embodiments of the wireless wearable device, system, and method disclosed herein are illustrative and not meant to limit their scope or application. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the words and phrases used herein have been selected for the convenience of the reader for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments, and the scope is not limited. In addition, it should be understood that any one or more disclosed embodiments, words and phrases of embodiments, and/or examples thereof can be combined with any one or more other disclosed embodiments, words and phrases of embodiments, and/ Or a combination of examples thereof, but not limited to this.

In the following description, similar reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts in several views. In addition, in the following description, it should be understood that words such as front, back, inner, outer, upper, lower, etc. are vocabulary for convenience and do not constitute restrictive words. The terms used herein are not meant to be limiting, as long as the devices described herein, or parts thereof, can be attached or used in other orientations. Various embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The present invention generally relates to various aspects of wireless wearable devices, systems, and methods, which are used to monitor at least one physiological and/or physical parameter of a wearer associated with the re-wearable wireless device, and to compare the monitored parameters Communicate to the communication device. The communication device is configured to remotely communicate the monitored parameters through the network.

It should be understood that the words "drug therapy" or "dosage form" as used in the present invention include various forms of ingested, inhaled, injected, absorbable, or otherwise consumed drugs, and/or their carriers , Such as pills, capsules, gel caps, placebos, encapsulated carriers or vehicles, Chinese herbal medicines, over-the-counter (OTC) substances, supplements, prescription drugs, swallowable event markers (IEM), etc. Wait.

FIG. 1 shows an aspect of the wireless system 100, which includes a re-wearable wireless device 102, which includes a mobile chip set, for example, a single- or multi-chip cellular radio modem. In one aspect, the re-wearable wireless device 102 is removably attached to a living body 104, such as a human being or another life form creature. In one aspect, the wearable wireless device 102 is configured to monitor at least one parameter. The at least one parameter to be monitored may include, for example, a physiological and/or physical parameter associated with a living body. For example, the re-wearable wireless device 102 can be configured to monitor parameters such as skin impedance, electrocardiogram signal, conductive transmission current signal, wearer's location, temperature, heart rate, perspiration rate, humidity, altitude/air pressure , Global Positioning System (GPS), proximity, bacterial content, glucose level, chemical markers, blood oxygen concentration and other physiological and physical parameters, but not limited to this.

In one aspect, the mobile phone is configured to wirelessly transmit the monitored parameters to the backend, remote server, or remote node 106 in the communication network through the communication network. In one aspect, the communication network is a cellular network or a cellular communication network 108. The mobile chipset enables the re-wearable wireless device 102 to manufacture or receive data through a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It is achieved by connecting to the cellular communication network 108 provided by the mobile phone operator and allowing access to the public telephone network. The communication network communicates with other networks 110 or the Internet 112 to access the back-end server 106. The amount of data transmitted by the re-wearable wireless device 102 may be, for example, about 10 kilobytes per day to about 100 to 150 kilobytes per day.

In one aspect, when the re-wearable wireless device 102 is activated, the mobile chipset is used to initiate wireless transmission of information associated with the monitored parameter. The information associated with the monitored parameter may include, for example, raw measurement data, processed data, and/or any combination thereof. Information can also include identification codes, patient identification information (for example, name, address, phone number, email, social network URL), drug delivery unit identification, swallowable event tagging system identification, and information when the dosage-type package is opened. Time and date stamps, time and date stamps when the swallowable event marking system is swallowed by the patient and activated, etc.

When the re-wearable wireless device 102 is activated, the re-wearable wireless device 102 communicates with the cell tower 114 and the base station (BS) 116, and can access the Internet 112 through the cellular communication network 108. Therefore, the information received by the re-wearable wireless device 102 from the main body 104 can be transmitted to the remote node 106 via the Internet 112 or other networks 110. The processing system 120 at the remote node 106 receives the information and stores it for processing by the database 118.

Still referring to FIG. 1, the remote node 106 includes a processing system 120 that is communicatively coupled to the database 118. Information associated with all subjects 104 such as patients, including identity and medication type and dosage, can be stored in the database 118. The processing system 120 receives information from the re-wearable wireless device 102 and accesses the information associated with the remote node 106 in the database 118 to provide the information to the care provider through the re-wearable wireless device 102. The remote node 106 can convey information, including the photo of the patient for identification, the type of medicine available to the care provider, and the confirmation of the dosage and type of the medicine selected by the care provider and delivered to the patient. The re-wearable wireless device 102 can communicate with the remote node 106 using any mode and communication frequency available in the field, such as wireless, G2, G3, G4, real-time, periodically according to a predetermined time delay, and in comparison Store and forward later.

The communication vehicle between the wearable wireless device 102 and the remote node 106 includes one or more networks. In various aspects, networks include local area networks (LAN) and wide area networks (WAN), which include the Internet, wired channels, wireless channels, including telephones, computers, wired, radio, optical or other electromagnetic channels and combinations thereof The communication equipment includes other devices and/or communication equipment capable/associated with components that communicate data, but is not limited thereto. For example, the communication environment includes various communication modes such as in-body communication, various devices, such as wireless communication, wired communication, and the same combination thereof.

The processing system 120 at the remote node 106 may include a server, which is configured according to requirements, for example, to provide the subject to indicate authority. For example, the server can be configured to allow home care givers to participate in the subject’s treatment plan, for example, through an interface (eg, web interface) that allows home care givers to monitor alerts and trends generated by the server, and provide them back to patients support. The server can also be configured to directly provide a response to the subject, for example, in the form of subject warning and subject reward, which is communicated to the subject through a communication device. The server can also interact with health care professionals, such as nurses and physicians, who can use data processing algorithms to obtain health measures and conform to the subject, such as health index summary, early warning, cross-patient benchmarks, and provide clinical notification Communicate and provide support to patients back. The server can also interact with pharmacies, nutrition centers, and drug manufacturers.

In one aspect, the remote node 106 can store the time and date of the dosage form taken by the main body 104 in the database 118. In addition, when the event marking system is provided in the dosage unit, the time and date stamp when the event marking system is swallowed by the patient can also be stored in the database 118. In addition, identification codes like serial numbers, for example, to identify single or multiple-dose packaging, individual patient-identified packaging types (single, multiple, morning, afternoon, evening, daily, weekly, monthly dosing events, etc.), scheduled The packaging date, source, and content of the packaging can be, for example, stored in the database 118. In some aspects, one or all of the expiration date or storage life of the drug or dosage form can also be stored in the database 118.

The mobile chipset in the wearable wireless device 102 provides two-way data communication between the wearable wireless device 102 and the cellular communication network 108 through the cell phone tower 114. In one aspect, when the main body 104 swallows a dosage form that includes the event indicator system, the event indicator system communicates with the re-wearable wireless device 102, which includes various electronic modules for downloading The event indicator system receives the unique signature and communicates with the cellular communication network 108. It should be understood in various aspects that the re-wearable wireless device 102 may be configured to communicate with access points and other mobile devices. Therefore, the re-wearable wireless device 102 can effectively communicate with the remote node 106 via the Internet 112 via the local area network (LAN) or the cellular communication network 114.

In other aspects, the re-wearable wireless device 102 may be triggered based on various triggers to initiate data transmission to the cellular communication network 108. These triggers include timers, real-time clocks, events, detection of swallowing of the event marking system, detection of a specific code received from the event marking system, receipt of a specific monitoring parameter or the value of this monitoring parameter, The communication network 108 receives trigger data and so on, but is not limited to this.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of one aspect of the re-wearable wireless device 102. In one aspect, the re-wearable wireless device 100 is a two-piece device, including a disposable component 202 and a reusable component 204. The reusable component 204 includes an electronic module. The electronic module of the reusable component 204 includes a wireless communication circuit 206, for example, a mobile chipset RF wireless circuit, or a simple cellular radio. The electronic module of the reusable component 204 includes an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC-based) sensor platform 208, which includes a hardware structure and a software framework for implementing various aspects of the re-wearable wireless device 102. In one aspect, an ASIC-based sensor platform 208 can be arranged on and interact with a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). The wireless communication circuit 206 may be a low-power mobile chipset and configured to connect to the cellular network 108 and other wireless devices (mobile phones, smart phones, tablets, laptops, gateway devices, etc.). The disposable component 202 interacts with the printed circuit board assembly and the first electronic module 204. In one aspect, the electronic module 204 and the disposable component 202 may each include additional modules on or off the printed circuit board assembly, or in other aspects, they may be arranged on the printed circuit board. On the assembly.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 provides a sensor platform and includes circuits designed to interact with different sensors, and includes various combinations of the following components. In various aspects, the ASIC-based sensor platform of the reusable electronic module 204 includes the "ASIC-based sensor platform" 208 The single low-power application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)/chip provides a combination of analog front end, vector/digital signal processing, microprocessor and memory, "based on application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC-based) sensor The platform "208 has multiple functions: software-defined radio for detecting swallowable event markers, electrocardiogram, AC skin impedance measurement and decoding, temperature measurement, DC skin impedance (for example, GSR) measurement, and other biological / Sensors for medical data.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 includes an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) sensor platform 208, a controller or a processor 210, such as a microcontroller unit (MCU), radio frequency (RF) wireless communication Circuit 206 and other components described below.

In one aspect, the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) part 208 of the reusable electronic module 204 may include a core processor 210, such as, for example, an ARM Cortex ^TM M3 processor for real-time applications, such as Signal processing accelerator, program memory, data memory, such as serial interface such as serial peripheral interface (SPI), universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART), dual-wire multi-master serial single-ended bus interface (I2C), general-purpose input/output (GPIO), real-time clock, analog-digital converter (ADC), gain and adjustment circuit for biopotential signal, light emitting diode (LED) driver and other components. The reusable electronic module 204 also includes a port to an external memory, a port to an external sensor, and a hardware accelerator. By operating the analog sensor of the analog front end and by receiving the digital data from the sensor with the ADC digitizer, the processor 210 receives the signal from each sensor. The processor 210 then processes the data and stores the result in the memory 212 in the form of a data record. In one aspect, the processor 210 may have a very long instruction (VLIW) processor structure.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 also includes a universal serial bus (USB) 234, an accelerometer 222, a memory 212, one or more light-emitting diodes (LED) 236, a test interface (I/F) ) 238, 32 kHz crystal 226, user button 240 that can be used to initiate a communication connection with an external device, sensor interfaces 216, 218, and battery 214 (eg, button-type battery, disposable battery). In one aspect, the battery 214 may be a rechargeable battery instead of a disposable battery. In other aspects, the reusable electronic module 204 may include a gyroscope, and circuits for processing electrocardiogram (ECG), temperature, and accelerometer signals. In other aspects, the reusable electronic module 204 can also include body composition and blood oxygen pulse oximetry circuit, which monitors functional arterial blood by calculating the ratio of oxygenated heme to heme that can deliver oxygen Oxygen saturation. The blood oxygen pulse oximetry circuit can be configured to provide continuous, non-invasive blood oxygen measurement, and in one side, can display plethysmography waveform. The heart rate value can be derived from the pulse oximetry signal.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 includes a radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206. The radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206 includes an antenna for receiving and transmitting wireless signals, a transmitter circuit, a receiver circuit, and a link main controller. The link main controller includes connecting (establishing a link) to another external wireless device and transmitting data. Organization, as described in more detail below. In one aspect, the link master controller establishes a connection to an external device. As the main body of the link, the link master controller performs data transmission control through the link to the external device, including timing control and radio frequency control (frequency hopping). The link master controller sends a signal with an instruction to the external device, which gives the number of data records stored in the memory (the total number of all data records and the total number of records of each data type). In various aspects, the radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206 can use mobile chipsets available from multiple vendors, including but not limited to Nvidia’s Tegra, Qualcomm’s Snapdragon, Texas Instruments’ OMAP, Samsung’s Exynos, Apple’s Ax, ST-Ericsson’s NovaThor, Intel’s Atom, Freescale Semiconductor’s i.MX, Rockchip’s RK3xxx, AllWinner’s A31 and so on. These mobile chipsets are used by mobile phones and are also called "mobile", "wireless", "cellular wireless phones", "mobile phones", "handheld phones (HP)", "smart phones", etc. in the field .

After each connection, the processor 210 continues to receive all sensor signals, processes the data, and stores new data records in the memory 212. Each subsequent connection link master controller sends a signal with a new data record due to the last connection to the external device, and confirms that the record was successfully sent. The link master controller receives from the external device the signal established if the external device is ready to receive the data record, and also receives the signal from the external device that the data record is not successfully sent. The link main controller avoids repeating the transmission of data records that have already been transmitted, thereby increasing the power usage of the battery 214 for longer operation, and resending all data records that have not been successfully transmitted. The link master can delete all or part of the successfully transmitted data records from the memory at a later time (for example, when the memory 212 is full).

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 includes sensor interfaces 216, 218 between the electrodes 220a, 220b (E1, E2) and one or more bandpass filters or channels. The sensor interfaces 216 and 218 provide analog front ends, and may include programmable gain or fixed gain amplifiers, programmable low-pass filters, and programmable high-pass filters. The sensor interfaces 216, 218 may include active signal conditioning circuits, which include, for example, strain gauge measurement circuits. One channel receives low frequency information associated with the physiological data of the subject (for example, a user), and the other channel receives high frequency information associated with the electronic device in the subject. In an alternative aspect, additional channels can be provided to receive the subject's DC data. The high-frequency information is passed through a digital signal processor (DSP) implemented in the ASIC section 208, and then to the processor 210 (eg, control processor) section of the wearable wireless device 102 for decompression and decoding. The low-frequency information is passed through the DSP section of the ASIC section 208 and then passed to the processor 210, or passed directly to the processor 210. The DC information is passed directly to the processor 210. The DSP section and the processor 210 of the ASIC section 208 decode high frequency, low frequency and DC information or data. This information is then processed and ready to be sent.

In one aspect, signal processing may or may not be applied to raw data collection. Signal processing can occur in real space, complex space, or polar coordinate space. Functions include filters, such as finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR), mixers, fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), coordinate rotators (cordics) and others. Raw data can simply be stored and processed downstream. The signal processing may occur in a processor (for example, ARM Cortex ^TM M3), or may occur in a signal processing accelerator incorporated into the ASIC section 208.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 includes an accelerometer 222 and one or more temperature sensors 224. In one aspect, two temperature sensors are provided. The two temperature sensors are the same but placed in different locations, one near the skin and the other near the surroundings for measuring additional data. The temperature sensor 224 can be configured to measure and record skin, surrounding, and circuit board temperature. The temperature sensor 224 can be used to measure the heat flux between the skin and surrounding temperature sensors. In one aspect, the single or multiple temperature sensors 224 are thermal resistors with negative temperature coefficient (NTC) or positive temperature coefficient (PTC), and in the other aspect, single or multiple temperature sensors 224 It uses integrated semiconductor devices. This information is provided to the processor 210 and can be processed by the processor 210 and prepared for transmission by the transmitting part of the radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206. The measured physiological information is processed by the processor 210 and can be sent as real-time or raw data, or derived quantities or parameters can be sent.

In one aspect, the accelerometer 222 may be a three-axis accelerometer with a re-sampling frequency correction processor. The digital accelerometer 222 sensor usually includes a MEMS-based acceleration sensor element, a digitizer, and digital interface control logic. These accelerometers generally use low-accuracy resistor-capacitor (RC) oscillators to gate the digitizer sampling input. In order to use signals from such accelerometer 222 in the signal processing algorithm, the accuracy of the RC oscillator is insufficient. Therefore, in one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 includes an accelerometer sampling frequency correction processor, which obtains signals from the accelerometer 222 and performs re-sampling to compensate for the error of the RC oscillator.

In one aspect, the accelerometer 222 sampling frequency correction processor includes a reference clock (high accuracy oscillator), a fixed up-sample section, a digital filter, and a programmable down-sample ) Section, and a control circuit that selects down-sampling coefficients based on the timing of comparing signals from the accelerometer and the reference time. The resampling function remains aligned with the reference clock in the sliding window to produce an accurate sampling rate. The algorithm calibrates the real-time 32 kHz clock (X-TAL) 226. The accelerometer 222 sampling frequency correction processor sets a down-sampling coefficient for each data frame from the accelerometer signal. This method provides continuous tracking of the accelerometer signal timing and selection of down-sampling coefficients to minimize the accumulated timing error. This allows the continuous accelerometer 222 digital data to be aligned with an accurate clock with high accuracy.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 uses a low-power and low-memory data storage and transfer solution. In one aspect, the storage and transfer of data in the memory 212 of the re-wearable wireless device 102 is optimized for low power and low memory usage. The sensor data is stored as records each having a type identifier in the memory 212. The records in the packet payload are transferred to the external device by the radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206 in the same format as that stored on the wireless wearable sensor 100. The records are sequentially stored in various lengths to optimize space usage. The data directory is covered to allow fast record read access from the memory 212. The data catalog is covered to allow rapid calculation of data records by type.

In one aspect, the reusable electronic module 204 uses a data storage and transfer solution with high integrity assurance. The memory storage and transfer solution of the wearable wireless device 102 is designed to ensure high data integrity. Each data record stored in the memory 212 of the re-wearable wireless device 102 has an error detection code that can be used to detect deterioration of the data record. When the re-wearable wireless device 102 reads the data record from the memory 212 before the data packet is transferred to the external device, the error detection code is checked. When the wearable wireless device 102 detects the deterioration of the stored data record, an error signal is sent by the radio frequency wireless communication circuit 206 to the external device. Each packet transferred from the re-wearable wireless device 102 to the external device contains an error detection code, which can be used by the external device to detect packet degradation.

In one aspect, the signal processing accelerator section of the ASIC section 208 includes a calculation engine optimized to implement high-efficiency signal processing tasks. In one embodiment, the signal processing function is hard-coded into the logic. Such an embodiment may be 10 times more effective, compared to software-based algorithms running in software running on the processor 210 or microcontroller unit. Efficiency can lie in wafer size, power consumption, or clock speed or a combination of all three. Other embodiments maintain a certain level of programming, but use execution units optimized for computing power. An example is a fast Fourier transform butterfly engine (FFT-butterfly engine). For data sets of various sizes, this engine can use fast Fourier transform calculations, but maintains a significant improvement in efficiency, compared to software running on the processor 210. The execution unit can also be a multiply-accumulate unit (MAC), which is a shared DSP functional section, or can be a floating-point arithmetic unit or an FIR filter primitive, etc. In these cases, the efficiency of processing a given integrated circuit is better than that of the software on the processor 210, but less than the efficiency of dedicated hardware, but it is more flexible.

The signal processing accelerator maintains the interface between the processors 210. This interface may include first-in-first-out (FIFO) registers, dual port memories, direct memory access (DMA) )engine), and/or register. The interface generally includes some form of competition identification or avoidance, which can be handled at the register level or at the memory section level. The mechanism involved may include the register flag group, which can be polled by the processor 210 and the signal processing accelerator, interrupts to signal the blocking or delay function, and it reserves the read or write request until the higher priority device Has completed its activity.

In one aspect, the disposable component 202 is coupled to a reusable electronic module 204 on the PCBA, and has a device attached to interact with the monitored item (entry, animal, machine, building, etc.) One or more sensors. In one aspect, the disposable component 202 may include a flexible circuit 228, a battery holder or housing (cover), and one or more sensors. The sensors include, but are not limited to, room temperature and body temperature (temperature) sensors. Sensor 230 (living or non-living), ECG sensor, GSR/Electrodermal activation (EDA) sensor 232, body composition (50 Hz) sensor, blood oxygen/pulse oximetry sensor, Strain gauge sensors, etc. Various algorithms executed by the ASIC section 208 or the processor 210 provide heat flux, heart rate (HR), heart rate value (HRV), respiration, pressure, electrocardiogram, step, body angle, fall detection, etc.

In one aspect, the flexible circuit 228 includes interface components, which electrically interact with the electronic circuits on the PCBA. The flexible circuit 228 provides a platform for grouping attitudes and enabling multiple sensor configurations to interact with the PCBA of a single entity and electrically interact with the reusable electronic module 204. In one aspect, the electrodes 220a and 220b of the stainless steel dome of the GSR/EDA sensor 232 are electrically coupled to the PCBA via the flexible circuit 228.

The wearable wireless device 102 collects data from each sensor, applies a signal processing algorithm to the collected data, stores the result information in the memory, and forwards the data/information to another device using a wireless or wired connection. The user interface includes one or two light-emitting diodes 214 and buttons 234.

Power is supplied from the disposable battery 214, but it may also be supplied from a secondary battery. The peak current of the battery 214 of the electronic module of the reusable component 204 can be selected, which is sufficient to support the peak current of the cellular radio with rechargeable lithium ion or lithium polymer battery (lithium polymer or lithium prismatic battery). Types, but other primary and secondary battery types can be considered. In some aspects, disposable components may include batteries, if primary batteries are used. In some aspects, reusable components may include electronic parts and batteries 214, assuming secondary batteries are used. The re-wearable wireless device 102 may include a recharger to recharge the reusable module. The main body 104 may be supplied with multiple reusable components to ensure the continuity of use when the reusable components are charged. The device size can be 25 cubic centimeters for the current embodiment, and the re-wearable wireless device 102 has a smaller form factor due to advances in semiconductor device and battery technology. Half the battery size can be limited by the peak current consumption of the mobile chipset, not the capacity. In most use cases, the current consumption of the mobile chipset will be limited by disabling/turning off the chip and periodically (several times a day) powering the chip and transmitting data.

One of the challenges of putting the cellular radio into the wearable wireless device 102 is the power source, namely the battery 214. The cellular radio cellular wireless communication device 206 consumes a peak current of about 700 to about 800 milliamperes (milliamps), which may be a challenge for the battery 214 to achieve. The rechargeable battery 214, such as lithium polymer or lithium prismatic battery, can provide sufficient current under peak load as an energy source. Another key feature is that the re-wearable wireless device 102 lasts for at least one week or two weeks, while a typical mobile phone battery only lasts for one or two days or several days. In order to extend the battery life of the wearable wireless device 102 from about one week to about three weeks, the connection to the Internet 112 (FIG. 1) can be limited to several times a day. The re-wearable wireless device 102 can store data in the memory 212 and buffer the data thereon. Therefore, it is possible to connect to the Internet 112 several times a day, or even up to ten times a day. Between the Internet connection, the re-wearable wireless device 102 can turn off the wireless communication device 206. In one aspect, the re-wearable wireless device 102 can be placed in a deep sleep state or sleep state, which consumes only a few microamps of current instead of hundreds of microamps or milliamperes when it is in an idle state Current.

In order to smooth the peak of 800 mA from the reference current consumption of 100 to 200 mA, a capacitor may be used across the battery 214. A sufficiently large capacitor can effectively reduce those peak loads seen from the battery 214. The capacitor may be, for example, a super capacitor. For example, using this technology, a battery of 300 milliamperes per hour may be sufficient to supply 800 milliamperes.

The re-wearable wireless device 102 can exit the sleep state on a timing basis or on an event basis. In one aspect, the re-wearable wireless device 102 has its own low-power microcontroller, which operates on a continuous basis. The event mark detection algorithm, ECG sensing, heart rate sensing, and other physiological sensing functions run continuously, and when the timer expires, it wakes up the wireless communication circuit 206 to connect to the cellular network 108 (Figure 1) And the Internet 112 (Figure 1). In another aspect, the wireless communication circuit 206 can exit the sleep state based on events such as activity data measured by the accelerometer 222. Events or activities, such as the detection of arrhythmia, will require immediate load reduction. The event may include the main body 104 (FIG. 1) pressing the user button 234. Under certain circumstances, the event may be inactive. Alternatively, it may be that the main body 104 has fallen or the data shows an unusual pace through the accelerometer 222. In one aspect, the re-wearable wireless device 102 may include a microphone device. Accordingly, the wireless communication circuit 206 can be activated according to a wheezing event caused by asthma or shortness of breath. The lack of medicine can also trigger the wireless communication circuit 206 to exit the sleep mode.

The mobile chipset can also be used as a phone for voice communication. This is done by using the user interface (UI) provided on the wearable wireless device 102 to activate/power it, and use voice recognition to enable it. dial. The user interface may include buttons 234, accelerometer 222 with graphic recognition capabilities, speakers, and microphones.

The disposable component 202 may include electrodes 220a, 220b, and one or more adhesives for adhering the re-wearable wireless device 102 to the skin of the main body 104 (FIG. 1), which is about the size of most people. The general life span is 3 days to about 10 days. Sensor data can include electrocardiogram data (via hydrocolloid electrodes 220a, 220b), accelerometer data up to three axes, temperature data, adjacent to the skin (thermal resistor), environment (or case temperature away from the body) ( Thermal resistor), temperature on PCBA (silicon device incorporated into ASIC part 208), GSR, EDA (discrete stainless steel electrode), high frequency, internal electronic signal -10 kHz or higher, through conduction through hydrocolloid skin The electrode (same as ECG) is sampled.

As shown, the re-wearable wireless device 102 may include a memory 212. In various aspects, the memory 212 may include any machine-readable or computer-readable medium capable of storing data, including both volatile and non-volatile memory. For example, the memory may include read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), double data rate dynamic random access memory (DDR-DRAM) , Synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electronic erasable Program read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (for example, NOR or NAND flash memory), associative memory (CAM), polymer memory (for example, ferroelectric polymer memory), phase change memory Body (for example, two-way memory), ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, disk memory (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk, magnetic disk) , Or card (for example, magnetic card, optical card), or any other type of medium suitable for storing information.

The re-wearable wireless device 102 may include a processor 210, such as a central processing unit (CPU). In various aspects, the processor 210 can be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a single-chip multi-processor (CMP), a dedicated processor, an embedded processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a network processor, and a media processor. , Input/output processors, media access control (MAC) processors, radio baseband processors, co-processors, such as complex instruction set computer (CISC) microprocessors, reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessors, And/or very long instruction (VLIW) microprocessor or other processing device. The processor can also be implemented by a controller, a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), and so on.

In various aspects, the processor 210 can be arranged to run an operating system (OS) and various mobile applications. Examples of operating systems include, for example, an operating system commonly known as Microsoft Windows OS, and any other proprietary or open operating systems. Examples of mobile applications include, for example, phone applications, camera (e.g., digital cameras, video cameras) applications, browser applications, multimedia player applications, game applications, messaging applications (e.g., e-mail, SMS, multimedia), viewer applications, etc.

In various aspects, the processor 210 may be arranged to receive information via a communication interface. The communication interface may include any suitable hardware, software, or combination of hardware and software capable of coupling the re-wearable wireless device 102 to one or more networks and/or devices.

The wireless communication mode includes any mode of communication between points that at least partly uses wireless technology that includes a combination of various protocols and protocols associated with wireless transmission, data, and devices. Points include, for example, wireless devices such as wireless headsets, audio and multimedia devices and equipment such as audio players and multimedia players, phones including mobile phones and wireless phones, and computers and computer-related devices and components, such as Printer.

The wired communication mode includes any mode of communication between points, which utilizes wired technology including a combination of various protocols and protocols associated with wired transmission, data, and devices. Points include, for example, devices such as audio and multimedia devices and equipment, such as audio players and multimedia players, phones including mobile phones and cordless phones, and computers and computer-related devices and components, such as printers.

In various aspects, the communication interface can include one or more interfaces, such as, for example, wireless communication interface, wired communication interface, network interface, transmission interface, receiving interface, media interface, system interface, component interface, switching interface, chip Interface, controller, etc. For example, when implemented by a wireless device or in a wireless system, the local node 106 may include a wireless interface with one or more antennas, transmitters, receivers, transceivers, amplifiers, filters, control logic, etc. Wait.

In various aspects, the re-wearable wireless device 102 can provide voice and/or data communication functions according to different types of cellular wireless telephone systems. In various embodiments, the described aspects can communicate through a wireless sharing medium according to several wireless communication protocols. Examples of wireless communication protocols may include various wireless local area network (WLAN) communication protocols, including the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.xx series of protocols, such as IEEE 802.11a/b/ g/n, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, etc. Other examples of wireless communication protocols may include various wireless wide area network (WWAN) communication protocols, such as GSM cellular wireless telephone system protocol with GPRS, CDMA cellular wireless telephone system protocol with 1xRTT, EDGE system, EV-DO system, EV-DV system, HSDPA system, etc. More examples of wireless communication protocols may include wireless personal area network (PAN) communication protocols, such as infrared protocol, from the Bluetooth specification version v1.0, v1.1, v1.2, v2 with enhanced data rate. 0, v2.0, and one or more Bluetooth configuration of Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) series agreements, etc. Yet another example of wireless communication protocols includes near-field communication technology and protocols, such as electromagnetic induction (EMI) technology. Examples of EMI technologies may include passive or active radio frequency identification (RFID) protocols and devices. Other suitable protocols may include ultra-wideband (UWB), digital office (DO), digital home, trusted platform module (TPM), wireless transmission module, and so on.

In various embodiments, the described aspect may include part of a cellular communication system. Examples of cellular communication systems may include CDMA cellular wireless telephone systems, GSM cellular wireless telephone systems, North American Digital Cellular Phone (NADC) cellular wireless telephone systems, time-sharing multiple access (TDMA) cellular wireless telephone systems, extended TDMA (E-TDMA) Cellular wireless telephone system, narrowband advanced mobile phone service (NAMPS) cellular wireless telephone system, such as WCDMA, CDMA-2000, UMTS cellular wireless telephone system, comply with the third generation partnership project (3GPP) The third-generation (3G) wireless standard system, the fourth-generation (4G) wireless standard system and so on.

In addition, in various aspects, the re-wearable wireless device 102 may be combined and/or associated with, for example, communication, various devices. Such devices can generate, receive, and/or transmit data, for example, physiological data. Devices include, for example, "smart" devices such as, for example, electronic slot machines, handheld electronic games, gaming machines with electronic components associated with games and entertainment activities.

In addition to the standard voice functions of the phone, various aspects of mobile phones can support many additional services and accessories, such as text messaging (SMS), email, packet exchange for access to the Internet, java games, Examples include wireless transmission of short-range data/voice communication, infrared rays, cameras with video recorders, and multimedia messaging systems (MMS) for sending and receiving photos and videos. Some of the mobile phones are oriented towards cellular networks connected to base stations (base stations), which are then interconnected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or, in the case of satellite phones, to satellite communications. Various aspects of mobile phones can be connected to the Internet, and at least some of them can use mobile phones for navigation.

Some embodiments can be implemented, for example, using a machine-readable medium or object, which can store instructions or instruction groups. If the instructions or instruction groups are executed by a machine, the machine may execute methods and/or operations according to the embodiments. Such machines can include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, etc., and can use any suitable combination of hardware and/or software To implement it. The machine-readable medium or object may include, for example, any suitable type of memory unit, memory device, memory object, memory medium, storage device, storage object, storage medium and/or storage unit, for example, memory, Removable or non-removable media, erasable or non-erasable media, rewritable or rewritable media, digital or analog media, hard disk, floppy disk, CD-ROM (CD- ROM), recordable discs (CD-R), rewritable discs (CD-RW), optical discs, magnetic media, magneto-optical media, removable memory cards or discs, various types of digital discs (DVD), tapes , Cassettes, etc. Instructions can include any suitable type of encoding, such as source encoding, compiled code, deciphered encoding, executable encoding, static encoding, dynamic encoding, and so on. Instructions can be executed in any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Perl, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, combination Language, machine coding, etc.

In various aspects, the re-wearable wireless device 102 is also used for communication, for example, receiving and sending non-physiological data. Examples of non-physiological data include, for example, game rules and data generated by an independent heart-related device such as an implantable heart rhythm regulator and transmitted directly or indirectly to the hub.

The re-wearable wireless device 102 may include additional functions generally found in other mobile devices, such as, for example, personal communication devices, handheld devices, and mobile phones. In various aspects, the re-wearable wireless device 102 may include handheld portable devices, computers, mobile phones (sometimes called smart phones), tablet personal computers (PCs), life information stations, desktop computers, or Features found in a notebook computer, or any combination thereof. Examples of smart phones include, for example, the following generally known products named Blackberry, iPhone, Android, Windows Phone, etc. Although some aspects of the re-wearable wireless device 102 can be described as examples of mobile or stationary computing devices that can be implemented as smart phones, personal digital assistants, laptops, and desktop computers, they should be It is understood that various aspects are not limited to this content. For example, mobile computing devices can include, or can be implemented as, any type of wireless device, mobile station, or such as a notebook computer, ultra-thin notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), mobile phone, mobile The combination of phone/PDA, mobile unit, user station, user terminal, portable computer, handheld computer, palmtop computer, wearable computer, media player, pager, message equipment, data communication equipment, etc. Portable computing device with power source (for example, battery). Fixed computing devices, for example, can be implemented as desktop computers, workstations, client/server computers, and so on.

3 is a functional block diagram 300 of one aspect of the integrated circuit components of the electronic module of the reusable component 204 of the re-wearable wireless device 102 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 3, the integrated circuit component of the electronic module of the reusable component 204 of the reusable wireless device 102 includes an electrode input 310. Electrically coupled to the electrode input 310 are a body conductive communication module 320 and a physiological sensing module 330. In one aspect, the through-body conductive communication module 320 is implemented as, for example, a first high frequency (HF) signal chain, and the physiological sensing module 330 is implemented as, for example, a second low frequency (LF) signal chain. Also shown are a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) temperature sensing module 340 (used to detect ambient temperature) and a three-axis accelerometer 350. The re-wearable wireless device 102 also includes a processing engine 360 (for example, a microcontroller and a digital signal processor), a non-volatile memory 370 (for data storage), and a mobile chipset to receive from the cellular communication network And/or a wireless communication module 380 for data transmission. In various aspects, the communication modules 320, 380 may include one or more transmitter/receiver (transceiver) modules. As used herein, the term "transceiver" can be used in a very general meaning to include a transmitter, a receiver, or a combination of both, but is not limited to this. In one aspect, the through-body conductive communication module 320 is configured to communicate with the event marking system 420 (FIG. 4).

The sensor 316 generally contacts the main body 104 (FIG. 1), for example, is removably attached to the body. In various aspects, the sensor 316 may be removably or permanently attached to the re-wearable wireless device 102. For example, the sensor 316 may be removably connected to the wearable wireless device 102 by snapping metal studs. The sensor 316 may include, for example, various devices capable of sensing or receiving physiological data. The types of sensors 316 include, for example, electrodes such as biocompatible electrodes. The sensor 316 can be configured as, for example, a pressure sensor, a motion sensor, an accelerometer, an electromyography (EMG) sensor, an event marking system, a biopotential sensor, an electrocardiogram sensor, a temperature Sensors, tactile event marker sensors, and impedance sensors.

The feedback module 318 can be implemented by software, hardware, circuits, various devices, and combinations thereof. The function of the feedback module 318 is to provide communication with the main body 104 (FIG. 1) in a cautious, alert, and careful manner as described above. In various aspects, the feedback module 318 can be implemented to communicate with the main body 104 using visual, auditory, vibration/tactile, olfactory, and taste technologies.

FIG. 4 shows an aspect of the event marking system 420. In various aspects, the event marking system 420 can be used to associate with any drug product as described above to confirm that at least one of the correct dose and the correct type of drug is delivered to the patient, and in some aspects, when The judgment is made when the patient takes the drug product. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the environment and pharmaceutical products that can be used with the system 420. For example, the system 420 can be activated in a wireless mode, in a current mode by placing the system 420 in a capsule and then placing the capsule in a conductive fluid, or a combination thereof, or exposing the system 420 to the air . Once placed in the conductive fluid, for example, the capsule will dissolve over a period of time and release the system 420 into the conductive fluid. Therefore, in one aspect, the capsule will contain the system 420 and no product. This capsule can then be used in any environment when conductive fluids are present and accompanied by any product. For example, the capsule can be dropped into a container filled with jet fuel, salt water, ketchup, motor oil, or any similar product. In addition, in order to record the occurrence of an event, the capsule containing the system 420 can be swallowed at the same time as any medical product is swallowed, like when the product is taken.

In the specific example where the system 420 incorporates a drug or medical product, when the product or pill is swallowed or exposed to the air, the system 420 is activated in the current mode. The system 420 controls the conductivity to generate a unique current signature, which is detected by, for example, the re-wearable wireless device 102 to indicate that the medical product has been taken. When activated in the wireless mode, the system controls the modulation of the capacitive plate to generate a unique voltage signature associated with the detected system 420.

In one aspect, the system 420 includes a frame 422. The frame 422 is a base for the system 420 and multiple components are attached to, deposited on, or fixed to the frame 422. In this aspect of the system 420, the swallowable material 424 is physically associated with the frame 422. The material 424 may be chemically deposited on, evaporated on, fixed on, or built on the frame, which may be referred to herein as "deposition" relative to the frame 422. The material 424 is deposited on one side of the frame 422. Related materials that can be used as material 424 include, but are not limited to: copper, copper chloride, or copper iodide. The material 424 is deposited by agreement of physical vapor deposition, electrodeposition, plasma deposition, etc. The material 424 may be from about 0.05 to about 500 μm thick, such as from about 5 to about 100 μm thick. The shape is controlled by shadow mask deposition or photolithography and etching. In addition, even if only one area is shown for depositing material, as desired, each system 420 may include two or more electrically unique areas on which material 424 may be deposited.

On a different side, which is the opposite side as shown in Figure 7, another swallowable material 426 is deposited so that the materials 424, 426 are different and isolated from each other. Although not shown, the different side selected may be the side below the side selected by the material 424. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the selected side, and the word "different side" can mean any side different from the first selected side. In various aspects, different materials can be positioned on the same side in different positions. In addition, although the shape of the system is shown as a square, the shape can be any geometrically suitable shape. The materials 424, 426 are selected so that when the system 420 is in contact with conductive liquids, such as body fluids, they will generate a voltage potential difference. Related materials for material 426 include, but are not limited to: magnesium, zinc or other negatively charged metals. As indicated above with respect to material 424, material 426 may be chemically deposited on, evaporated on, fixed on, or built on the frame. Likewise, an adhesive layer may be necessary to help the material 426 (and material 424 when needed) to debond to the frame 422. The bonding layer typically used for material 426 is Ti, TiW, Cr or similar materials. The anode material and the bonding layer can be deposited by physical vapor deposition, electrodeposition or plasma deposition. The material 426 may be from about 0.05 to about 500 μm thick, such as from about 5 to about 100 μm thick. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the thickness of any material or the type of process used to deposit or fix the material to the frame 422.

According to the proposed disclosure, the materials 424 and 426 can be any material pair with different electrochemical potentials. In addition, in an embodiment, in which the system 420 is used in an in-vivo, the materials 424 and 426 may be vitamins that can be absorbed. More specifically, the materials 424, 426 can be made of any two materials suitable for the environment in which the system 420 will operate. For example, when used with swallowable products, the materials 424, 426 are any pair of swallowable materials with different electrochemical potentials. Illustrative examples include when the system 420 is in contact with an ionic solvent, such as gastric acid. Suitable materials are not limited to metals, and in certain embodiments, the paired materials are selected from metals and non-metals, for example, from metals (such as magnesium) and salts (such as copper chloride or copper iodide). ) Made of a pair. Regarding active electrode materials, any pair of substances—metals, salts or intercalation compounds—with suitable and different electrochemical potentials (voltages) and low interface resistance is suitable.

Materials and related pairs include, but are not limited to those reported in Table 1 below. In an embodiment, one or both of the metals may be non-metallic doped, for example, to enhance the voltage potential generated between the materials when they are in contact with a conductive liquid. Non-metals can be used as doping media in certain embodiments, which include, but are not limited to: sulfur, iodine, and the like. In other embodiments, the materials are copper iodide (CuI) as the anode and magnesium (Mg) as the cathode. The aspect of the present invention is to use electrode materials that are harmless to the human body.

Therefore, when the system 420 is in contact with the conductive liquid, a current path is formed through the conductive liquid between the different materials 424, 426. The control device 428 is fixed to the frame 422 and electrically coupled to the materials 424 and 426. The control device 428 includes an electronic circuit, for example, a control logic capable of controlling and changing the conductivity between the materials 424 and 426.

The voltage potential established between the different materials 424 and 426 provides power for operating the system and generating current flowing through the conductive liquid and the system 420. In one aspect, the system 420 operates in DC mode. In an alternative aspect, the system 420 controls the direction of the current so that the direction of the current is reversed in a cyclic manner, similar to alternating current. When the system reaches the conductive fluid or electrolyte (where the fluid or electrolyte components are provided by a physiological fluid, such as gastric acid), the current path between the different materials 424, 426 is completed outside the system 420; through the system The current path of 420 is controlled by the control device 428. The completion of the current path allows current to flow, and then the receiver (not shown) can detect the presence of the current and recognize that the system 420 has been activated and the desired event is occurring or has occurred.

In one embodiment, for the two electrodes required for a DC power source such as a battery, the two different materials 424 and 426 are functionally similar. Conductive liquid is used as the required electrolyte to complete the power supply. The completed power source is defined by the physical and chemical reactions between the different materials 424 and 426 of the system 420 and the fluid surrounding the body. The completed power source can be regarded as a power source using ions or conductive solutions such as gastric juice, blood or other body fluids and certain tissues. In addition, the environment can be something other than the body, and the liquid can be any conductive liquid. For example, the conductive liquid may be salt water or metal-based paint.

In a specific aspect, the two different materials 424, 426 are shielded from the surrounding environment by an additional material layer. According to this, when the shield is decomposed and the two different materials 424, 426 are exposed to the target position, a voltage potential is generated.

In a specific aspect, the completed power supply or supply system is one made of active electrode materials, electrolyte, and inactive materials, such as current collectors and packages. The active material is any pair of materials with different electrochemical potentials. Suitable materials are not limited to metals, and in certain embodiments, the paired materials are selected from metals and non-metals, for example, a pair made of metal (such as magnesium) and salt (such as copper iodide). Regarding the active electrode material, any pair of substances-metals, salts, or intercalation compounds-having suitably different electrochemical potentials (voltages) and low dielectric resistance is suitable.

Various materials can be used as the material for forming the electrode. In certain embodiments, the electrode material is selected to provide a voltage that is sufficient to drive the identification code system when in contact with the target physiological location (e.g., stomach). In a specific embodiment, the voltage provided by the electrode material when the metal of the power source is in contact with the target physiological position is 0.001 volts or higher, including 0.01 volts or higher, such as 0.1 volts or higher, for example, 0.3 volts Or higher, including 0.5 volts or higher, and including 1.0 volts or higher, wherein in certain embodiments, the voltage ranges from about 0.001 to about 10 volts, such as from about 0.01 to about 10 volts.

Also referring to FIG. 4, different materials 424 and 426 provide voltage potentials to activate the control device 428. Once the control device 428 is activated or energized, the control device 428 can change the conductivity between the first and second materials 424, 426 in a unique manner. By changing the conductivity between the first and second materials 424 and 426, the control device 428 can control the intensity of the current passing through the conductive liquid surrounding the system 420. This produces a unique current signature that can be detected and measured by a receiver (not shown), which can be positioned inside or outside the body. A more detailed disclosure of the receiver was filed on December 15, 2009 and published as 2010-0312188A1 on December 9, 2010 as US Patent Application No. 12/673,326 entitled "BODY-ASSOCIATED RECEIVER AND METHOD", The complete content is incorporated by reference here. In addition to controlling the strength of the current path between materials, non-conductive materials, films, or "skirts" are used to increase the "length" of the current path, and therefore, act to increase the conduction path, as disclosed in 2008 US Patent Application No. 12/238,345, filed on September 25, 2005 entitled "IN-BODY DEVICE WITH VIRTUAL DIPOLE SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION", the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Or, looking at the disclosure herein, the words "non-conductive material", "film" and "skirt" and the words "current path extender" can be used interchangeably, and do not affect the scope of this or this embodiment and The scope of patent application. The skirts shown in sections 425 and 427, respectively, can be associated, for example, fixed to the frame 422. Various shapes and structures for the skirt are considered to fall within the scope of various aspects of the present invention. For example, the system 420 may be completely or partially surrounded by a skirt, and the skirt may be positioned along the central axis of the system 420 or off-center with respect to the central axis. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the shape or size of the skirt. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the different materials 424, 426 can be separated by a skirt that is positioned in the area defined between any of the different materials 424, 426.

The system 420 may be grounded through a ground contact. The system 420 may also include a sensor module. In operation, an ion or current path is established between the first material 424 to the second material 426 and contacts the system 420 through the conductive fluid. The voltage potential established between the first and second materials 424, 426 is established through the chemical reaction between the first and second materials 424, 426 and the conductive fluid. In one face, the surface of the first material 424 is not a flat surface, but an irregular surface. The irregular surface increases the surface area of the material and thus increases the area in contact with the conductive fluid.

In one face, on the surface of the first material 424, a chemical reaction is between the material 424 and the surrounding conductive fluid, so that mass is released into the conductive fluid. The word mass used here refers to the protons and neutrons that form matter. An example includes the moment when the material is copper chloride and when in contact with a conductive fluid, the copper chloride becomes copper (solid) and chloride ions in the solution. The ion flow entering the conductive fluid is through the ion path. In a similar manner, the chemical reaction is between the second material 426 and the surrounding conductive fluid, and the ions are captured by the second material 426. The release of ions in the first material 424 and the capture of ions by the second material 426 are collectively referred to as ion exchange. The rate of ion exchange, and the subsequent ion emission rate or flow is controlled by the control device 428. The control device 428 can increase or decrease the ion flow rate by changing the conductivity between the first and second materials 424, 426, which changes the impedance. Through the control of ion exchange, the system 420 can encode information during the ion exchange process. Therefore, the system 420 uses ion emission to encode information in ion exchange.

The control device 428 can change the constant ion exchange rate or the duration of the current intensity while maintaining a rate or intensity close to a constant, similar to when the frequency is modulated and the amplitude is constant. Similarly, the control device 428 can change the number of stages of the ion exchange rate or the intensity of the current while maintaining a nearly constant duration. Therefore, the control device 428 encodes the information in the current or ion exchange using various combinations of changes in duration and the rate of change or intensity. For example, the control device 428 can use, but is not limited to, any of the following technologies, namely, Binary Phase-Shift Keying (PSK), Frequency Modulation (FM), Amplitude Modulation (AM) ), On-Off Keying, and Phase Shift Keying (PSK) with On-Off Keying.

The various aspects of the system 420 may include electronic components as part of the control device 428. The components that can be presented include, but are not limited to: logic and/or memory components, integrated circuits, inductors, resistors, and sensors for measuring various parameters. Each component can be fixed to the frame and/or to another component. The components on the supporting surface can be laid out in any convenient configuration. The interconnection may be provided where two or more components appear on the surface of the solid support.

The system 420 controls the conductivity between the different materials and thus the ion exchange rate or current. By changing the conductivity in a specific way, the system is able to encode information in ion exchange and current signs. Ion exchange or current markings are used to uniquely identify a particular system. In addition, the system 420 can generate a variety of unique exchanges or tokens, and thus provide additional information. For example, the second current sign based on the second conductivity change pattern can be used to provide additional information, where the information can be about the physical environment. To further illustrate, the first current symbol can be a very low current state, which is maintained by the oscillator on the wafer, and the second current symbol can be a current state, which is ten times higher than the current associated with the first current symbol At least one factor in the state.

Figures 5 to 10 show various aspects of re-wearable wireless devices. Re-wearable wireless devices include reusable components and disposable components. Reusable components generally include electronic modules and power supplies. Disposable components generally include skin electrodes and skin adhesives.

The electronic module is a durable component, meaning that its life span exceeds the life of some or all of the remaining components. The life span of the electronic module can be up to several years. The skin adhesive is a consumable component, its life is less than its usable life, and its usable life is less than the life of durable components. The general life span of skin adhesives can range from less than 24 hours to 14 days or more. Skin electrodes and power sources can be durable or consumable components, depending on the technology chosen to implement these components. The life span of the skin electrode can range from less than 24 hours to several years depending on its type. The power source can have a life span of less than 24 hours to several years depending on the type. Electronic modules, electrodes, and power supplies are all considered electrical or electronic components. The re-wearable wireless device also includes one other feature and device for interconnecting electronic components.

Re-wearable wireless devices allow users to replace consumable components, allow high-cost components and durable components to be used repeatedly, reducing the overall cost of system use. Figures 5 to 10 show the three aspects of a wearable wireless device: a snap-on module, a cover module, and a wired module.

5 to 7 show an aspect of a re-wearable wireless device of the snap-on module type, which includes a reusable component and a disposable component configured to be fixed to the user via an adhesive layer. FIG. 5 shows a side view of the disposable component 500, which includes an adhesive substrate 502, electrodes 504a, 504b (shown in dashed lines), electrical contacts 506a, 506b, and a mechanical snap connection mechanism 508. The electrodes 504a, 504b are electrically coupled to the electrical contacts 506a, 506b. The mechanical snap connection mechanism 508 includes protruding elements 510a and 510b protruding toward the central part of the mechanical snap connection mechanism 508 at a correct angle.

6 is a perspective top view of one of the reusable components 600 including the electronic module in the housing 602 configured to match the mechanical snap connection mechanism 508 of the disposable component 500 shown in FIG. 5. The housing 602 of the reusable component 600 includes recesses 604a, 604b (not shown), which are formed in the housing 602 to respectively engage with the protruding elements 510a, 510b, so that the reusable component 600 is snapped into the mechanical snap connection mechanism 508 And was therefore retained.

FIG. 7 is a perspective bottom view of one side of the reusable component 600. The bottom 606 of the reusable component 600 includes electrical contacts 702a, 702b, which are configured to be electrically coupled to the electrical contacts 506a, 506b in the mechanical snap connection mechanism 508. Accordingly, the electronic signals detected by the electrodes 504a and 504b are coupled to the electronic module of the reusable component via the electrical contacts 702a and 702b. The electronic module is positioned in the housing 602 of the reusable component 600. The electronic module is functionally equivalent to the electronic module shown in FIGS. 2 to 3. In addition, the bottom 606 of the reusable component 600 may also include a communication channel input/output (I/O) address 704a and a personal identification number (PIN) 704b, which uniquely identify the electronic module of the reusable component 600. Modern wireless communication between two devices requires the exchange of addresses and personal identification codes to establish a connection. The input/output (I/O) address and personal identification number (PIN) 608 can be set on a label, printed directly on the bottom 606 or other parts of the housing 602, or any other suitable method.

The reusable component 600 including the electronic module is a durable device, and the bonding substrate 502 and the electrodes 504a, 504b are consumable. The power source-the battery-can be expendable or durable. If the battery is enclosed in a skin-adhesive base 502 envelope, it is consumable. Lithium-manganese button batteries are usually used to match the capacity to ensure that the battery life is comparable to the skin adhesive substrate 502. Alternatively, the battery may be a durable component encapsulated by an electronic module. Rechargeable batteries can be used, and a device for charging the battery must be provided-whether through a connector or through an induction coil. Since the electronic module is low energy consumption in other respects, the primary battery can also be used, and compared to the secondary battery, the primary battery obviously provides a larger energy density. The electronic device for connecting the disposable component 500 and the reusable component 600 is provided by electrical spring contacts 506a, 506b, 702a, and 702b integrated in the components.

The disposable component 500 can be composed of a flexible circuit for interconnection and forming electrodes 504a, 504b with one or more hydrocolloids. The housing 602 of the reusable component 600 includes a plastic component and provides a device for latching the electronic module on the adhesive substrate 502, and the entire reusable component 600 is contained by closed-cell foam. The skin-adhesive substrate 502 may be a composite type, with hydro-colloid and acrylic types as the main adhesive, which is configured to hold the re-wearable wireless device when the hydrocolloid is activated, and also prevent the hydrocolloid from oozing out Side part of wearable wireless device.

8 and 9 show an aspect of a reusable wireless device including a reusable component 800 and a disposable component 900 configured to be secured to a user via an adhesive cover 902. FIG. 8 shows a side of the reusable component 800, and FIG. 9 shows a side of the adhesive cover layer 902. In the re-wearable wireless device shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the durable reusable component 800 includes an electronic module, skin electrodes 802a, 802b, and a power source, and the disposable component 900 only has a skin adhesive covering layer 902. There is no electrical interconnection outside the reusable component 800. The power supply can be implemented generally as described in the snap-in modules of Figures 5-7. The electrodes 802a and 802b can be dry or capacitive. In this case, the skin-adhesive covering layer 902 may include a three-piece composite, with a central section 904 configured to hold the reusable component 800 including the electronic module in place (but without establishing adhesiveness on the module ), Hydrocolloid for main skin adhesion and acrylic acid with the above functions.

FIG. 10 shows an aspect of a re-wearable wireless device including a reusable component 1000 and a disposable component 1002. The electrodes 1004a, 1004b are attached to the main body. The electrodes 1004a, 1004b are attached to the electronic module of the reusable component 1000 via corresponding electrode terminals 1006a, 1006b. The re-wearable wireless device is shown in Figure 10. In this case, the electronic module and the power supply are durable. Skin electrodes and adhesives are consumable. The electronic module and the power supply are encapsulated in the housing 1008 of the reusable component 1000, so that it is adhered to the main body's clothes or other wears instead of the skin through adhesive. This is most commonly achieved through spring clips, but other means such as Velcro or adhesives can be used. As shown in FIG. 10, general ECG electrodes 1004a, 1004b can be used to combine with an electronic module to form a re-wearable wireless device. Alternatively, the electrodes 1004a, 1004b may be integrated into a single unit that ensures the proper spacing of the electrodes 1004a, 1004b. The interconnection between the electrodes 1004a, 1004b and the electronic module is provided by dual conductor cables 1010a, 1010b coupled to the corresponding electrode terminals 1006a, 1006b. The connector 1012 is coupled to a socket in the electronic module, or the connection can be fixed. The connectors 1012 may be provided at both ends of the cable.

FIG. 11 shows a side of the adhesive base 1100 to be fixed to the main body. The adhesive substrate 1100 can be used to combine with any of the re-wearable wireless devices disclosed herein. The adhesion and length of adhesion of any adhesion-based wearable device can be affected by different degrees of sensitivity, different skin types, activity levels, and body shape of the subject. Accordingly, in one aspect, the adhesive base 1100 includes an adhesive system, no matter what the user changes, the adhesive system does not irritate the user’s skin while being comfortable to wear, not to be too long, and remain attached to the designed life. It is easy to be applied by the user to the user.

In one aspect, the adhesive substrate 1100 for reusable wearable devices is provided with an adhesive system, which uses two different adhesive layers 1102, 1104 to achieve these functions. The main adhesive layer 1102 is a hydrocolloid adhesive layer, which is known to be very gentle to the user's skin and can be easily tolerated by most users for a period of time exceeding about 7 days. However, the main adhesive layer 1102 does not have the most durable attachment to the skin and is susceptible to excessive water absorption. The secondary adhesive layer 1104 is used to partially cover the primary adhesive layer 1102 to create a periphery around the hydrocolloid-based primary adhesive layer 1102. The secondary adhesive layer 1104 is configured to have a strong adhesive force to the skin, and is used to keep the edge 1106 of the adhesive base 1100 from peeling off the skin. In one aspect, the primary adhesive layer 1102 is distributed to a surface area greater than the surface area to which the secondary adhesive layer 1104 is distributed. The outer secondary adhesive layer 1104 is the key to long wearing time. If the periphery remains intact, the patch can remain attached for about 7 days to about 14 days.

As mentioned above, each user and their activities can affect the adhesion of the perimeter 1106 of the adhesive layer. Therefore, the adhesive substrate 1100 can be used as a disposable component of a reusable wearable device, which includes a hydrocolloid-based primary adhesive layer 1102 component and a secondary adhesive layer 1104 component. The secondary adhesive layer 1104 component is added to the reusable wearable device. The wearable device is then used to establish an edge seal and attach the adhesive substrate 1100 to the user. The secondary adhesive layer 1104 can be acrylic or cyanoacrylate, if a longer lasting bond is used. Other secondary adhesive layers 1104 can be used without limitation. The secondary adhesive layer 1104 can be provided to the main body as an accessory. Each reusable wearable device may be provided with multiple secondary adhesive layer 1104 strips to allow simple replacement and reattachment of the reusable wearable device. The secondary bonding layer 1104 can also be provided in different versions with different degrees of viscosity and different numbers of bonding surface areas to meet different usage requirements. This will allow the reusable wearable device to be worn and used for as long as the battery will allow according to the plan. In one aspect, the adhesive substrate 1100 may be adopted and configured to be used with the reusable wearable device shown in FIGS. 5-7. In other aspects, with the addition of the cover layer portion 1108, shown in dashed lines to indicate that it is optional, the adhesive substrate 1100 can be adopted and configured to work with the reusable wearable device shown in FIGS. 8-9 use.

In various aspects, throughout the reusable wearable devices described in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6 to 12 described in the present invention, disposable components or reusable components can be interconnected by various suitable technologies. For example, disposable components and reusable components can be used with stripe connectors, surface device technology (SMT) battery connectors, honeycomb/mobile phone battery connector concepts, curved batteries connected to EM, and The non-directional sealing connection of conductive rubber, the hook-and-loop connector commonly referred to as the dipping connection and the dipping fixed in the commerce, and the plug-in connector of the simple electrode surface trace included on the disposable component, of which, The end of the thyristor enters the module, and the head of the thyristor is used as an electrode.

12A is a view showing the process of capturing the image of the communication channel input/output (I/O) address 1204a and the personal identification number (PIN) 1204b located at the bottom 1202 of the reusable component 1200. In certain aspects, a reusable wearable wireless device such as the reusable component 1200 may not include a mobile phone chipset, as described above, and may only include a short-range radio to provide wireless communication. In such an embodiment, the short-range radio system in the electronic module of the reusable component 1200 is configured to exchange information with regional mobile phones or other regional wireless communication devices for accessing cellular networks 108, Internet The wide area network of the network 112 and other networks 110 to access the remote server 106, as shown in FIG. In order for the two devices to communicate without interference, the short-range radio in the electronic module of the reusable component 1200 must be paired with a regional mobile phone. Most modern wireless communication between two devices requires the exchange of I/O address 1204a and personal identification code 1204b to establish a verified encrypted connection. This example is Bluetooth, where the address uniquely identifies the device in an environment where many similar devices can be operated. This is why when in the same room, many people can use different Bluetooth headsets at the same time without interference. The personal identification code 1204b adds certain security to prevent fraudulent use of hardware devices, such as headphones, to make secret calls. Accordingly, the reusable component 1200 of the wearable wireless device includes the I/O address 1204a and the personal identification code 1204b associated with the short-range radio.

According to various aspects of the present invention, the reusable component 1200 equipped with a short-range radio can use a wireless connection to download data from the cellular network 108 and from other networks 110 or the Internet 112 to which it is connected, such as As described in conjunction with the detailed discussion in Figure 1. Although Bluetooth is currently a universal and widely available short-range radio wireless standard available for mobile phones, it is expected that future standards, such as BLE, may be universal. Accordingly, the present invention should not be limited to this content.

In one aspect, the electronic module of the reusable component 1200 can be paired to a mobile phone so that the electronic module can access the external network 108, 110, 112 or the remote server 106. This communication can be run weekly, assuming that the reusable component 1200 has a lifespan of at least one week. Currently, in order to make the wireless portable device exposed, the main body is given the task of activating the wireless portable device on the mobile phone by pressing an external button switch, so that the wireless portable device is exposed. Once the button is pressed, the short-range radio broadcasts its I/O address 1204a and personal identification code 1204b to devices within range. Then the subject manually selects the I/O address from the list of devices found in this area, and copies the personal identification code 1204b from the label 1214 on the wearable electronic module (or from its packaging), and uses it on the phone The keys/keyboard of the user input it into the phone, and an encrypted connection is established between the devices on this basis. Since the manual input technology of the I/O address 1204a and the personal identification code 1204b is inherently prone to errors and failures, the I/O address 1204a and the personal identification code 1204b are entered incorrectly and the pairing fails. Alternatively, based only on the broadcast of the I/O address 1204a, an unencrypted link can be established between the two devices and used to exchange the personal identification code 1204b. The personal identification code 1204b is used to establish an encrypted connection, which is used for further communication. The risk is that the exchange of personal identification code 1204b may be intercepted and the secure connection may be affected.

In order to overcome the specific limitations of this manual process, in one aspect, new technology is provided, as shown in Figure 12B, in which a camera phone 1210 is used to capture the image 1212 of the I/O address 1204a and selectively capture the personal identification code 1204b. The I/O address 1204a and optionally the personal identification code 1204b are located on the reusable component 1200 in the form of a mark recognizable by a machine, a human, or a combination thereof. As shown in FIG. 12, the I/O address and personal identification code are set on a label attached to the bottom 1202 of the reusable component 1200. It will be understood that most modern mobile phones (smart phones) include a fairly high-resolution built-in image sensor/camera, and are quite powerful computing devices. The smartphone 1210 (or suitable mobile phone) is equipped with The built-in camera, and therefore, can be used to capture the image 1212 of the I/O address and PIN 1204.

In one aspect of the proposed pairing scheme, the main body 104 uses the camera of the smartphone 1210 to capture the image 1212 of the tag 1214 on the reusable component 1200. The label 1214 may have both the device I/O address 1204a and the personal identification code 1204b printed on it or only the personal identification code 1204b. Printing can be human-readable characters or machine-readable characters, such as bar codes or QR codes. The pairing software application running on the smartphone 1210 uses an optical character recognition (OCR) algorithm to convert the captured image 1212 into data-device I/O address 1204a and/or personal identification code 1204b, so The OCR software extracts the personal identification code from the captured image 1212. The application can also use graphic recognition algorithms to help the operator diagnose errors during the pairing process. For example, if the label or device contour is too small in the imaging range, then the camera is too far away from the device. If no label or device outline is recognized, then the reusable component 1200 is not located in front of the camera of the smartphone 1210 or too close to the camera of the smartphone 1210. Once the smart phone 1210 obtains the I/O address 1204a and the personal identification code 1204b for the reusable component 1200, the pairing can be safely completed without further manual intervention by the main body 104.

The receiver may include a signal receiver element whose function is to receive a conductive emission signal, for example, a signal emitted by an identifier of a swallowable event marker. The signal receiver may include various different types of signal receiving elements, wherein the nature of the receiver element must be different according to the nature of the signal generated by the signal generating element. In a specific aspect, the signal receiver element may include one or more electrodes for detecting the signal emitted by the signal generating element, such as two or more electrodes, three or more electrodes, etc. In a particular aspect, the receiver device may be provided with two or three electrodes, which are dispersed from each other at some distance. This distance allows the electrodes to detect the differential voltage. This distance can vary, ranging from 0.1 cm to 1 meter in a particular face, such as 0.1 to 5 cm, such as 0.5 to 2.5 cm, and in some cases the distance is 1 cm.

An example of the external signal receiver aspect of the receiver of interest is shown in Figure 13. Fig. 13 shows a receiver 1001 configured to be positioned at an external local location of the subject, such as the chest area. The receiver includes an upper housing plate 1110 (for example, made of a suitable polymer material), and includes a manually depressible operation button 1020 and a status identification code LED 1030, which can be used to convey to the observer that the receiver is operating. The manually depressible operation button 1020 can be manually operated to switch the receiving mode from the storage mode to the non-storage mode. When the receiver is in the storage mode, the microcontroller of the receiver can always remain in the low duty cycle startup state to process the input from the on/off button, and the digital signal processor (DSP) of the receiver is turned off. When the switch button is pressed to turn on the receiver, the microcontroller removes the bouncing input and provides power to the DSP to enter its idle state. When in the storage mode, the device may consume a current of less than 10 μA including 5 μA or less, such as 1 μA or less, and including 0.1 μA or less. If stored for 1 month (assuming a 250mAH battery is present), this configuration allows the device to maintain more than 90% of the usable battery life. This button can also be used for other purposes. For example, such buttons can be used to instruct the receiver to obtain certain types of data. Additionally or alternatively, such buttons can be used to manually instruct the receiver to transmit data to another device.

Figure 14 provides an exploded view of the receiver shown in Figure 13. As shown in FIG. 14, the receiver 1001 includes an upper housing plate 1110, a rechargeable battery 1101, an integrated circuit assembly 1120, and a lower housing plate 1130. The lower housing plate 1130 is snap-fitted to the upper housing plate 1110 to seal the battery 1101 and the integrated circuit assembly 1120 in the fluid tight housing. Although the snap-in interaction is explained, any convenient matching scheme can be used so that the upper and lower shell plates can interact through the inner locking groove, can be held together by a suitable adhesive, and can be welded together and many more. In some examples, electronic components can be molded into the upper and/or lower housing plates. Also shown is an adhesive patch 1140, which is fixed in the upper housing plate 1110 and includes conductive pillars 1141, 1142, and 1143, which act as electrode contacts to the body during the use of the receiver. In the receiver, the pillars 1141, 1142, and 1143 are in electrical contact with the integrated circuit assembly 1120, for example, through cables or other conductive members associated with the upper housing 1150. In one example, the upper housing plate 1110 includes conductive members configured to receive coupling to the posts 1141, 1142, and 1143 between cables (not shown), which then provide electrical connections to the integrated circuit assembly 1120.

Figure 15 provides an exploded view of the adhesive patch 1140. The adhesive patch 1140 includes upper pillars 1141, 1142, and 1143, as described above. These pillars are in electrical contact with the skin contact pillars 1151, 1152, and 1153. On the skin-side surface of the skin contact pillars 1151, 1152, and 1153 is a conductive hydrocolloid layer 1154. Around each of the pillars 1151, 1152, and 1153 are components of non-conductive hydrocolloid 1155 and pressure-sensitive adhesive 1156. In this section, any convenient physiologically acceptable adhesive can be used. In some cases, adhesives that respond to external stimuli to change their adhesive properties are used. For example, adhesives that become less sticky under the application of light (eg, UV light) or chemicals can be used, so that the adhesive remains strong when it is expected to keep the receiver associated with the body , But it is easily weakened when needed to facilitate the removal of the receiver from the body. On the non-skin side of each skin contact column is a layer of dry electrode material, for example, silver/silver chloride. On the upper surface of this layer of dry electrode material is a porous layer, for example, a carbon vinyl layer. Also shown is the upper support layer 1180. Although not shown, the upper spacers 1141, 1142, and 1143 are electrically connected to the dry electrodes and the skin contact spacers located under the upper spacers via the upper support layer 1180 (for example, urethane and polyethylene). As shown in the figure, the spacer is eccentric relative to the dry electrode layer in the direction of the outer edge of the patch, in a manner sufficient to increase the dipole size between any two designated spacers. In addition, when needed, a conductive gradient can be associated with each pillar, for example, by changing the pattern of the porous layer 1170 and/or modifying the composition of the dry electrode layer. The interest in these areas is where the conductivity of the conductive gradient increases in the direction of the outer edge of the patch.

Figures 16A to 16E provide various views of another external patch configuration 1300 that includes two electrodes 1310 and 1320 in an elastic structure with an adhesive band configuration. The patch 1300 includes an upper elastic outer support 1330 and a lower elastic support 1350 fitted together as shown in FIG. 16E to surround the integrated circuit/battery assembly 1360 and the electrodes 1310 and 1320. As shown in FIG. 16D, the bottom surfaces of the electrodes 1310 and 1320 are exposed. As shown in FIG. 16E, the electrodes 1310 and 1320 include lead elements 1375 and 1370, which provide electrical contact between the electrodes and the integrated circuit/battery assembly 1360. Any convenient sticky component can be used, like those described above.

It is worth noting that any reference to "one aspect" or "facing" means that a specific feature, structure, or described characteristic connected with the aspect is included in at least one aspect. Therefore, the sentences "in one aspect" or "in the aspect" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all mean the same aspect. In addition, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more aspects in any suitable manner.

Some oriented terms "coupled" and "connected" and their derivatives are described. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. For example, some aspects may be described using the word "connected" to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. In other examples, some aspects may be described using the word "coupled" to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. However, the word "coupled" can also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or affect each other.

Although various aspects of specific features have been illustrated as described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents are still conceivable by those skilled in the art. Therefore, it should be understood that the scope of the attached patent application is intended to cover all such modifications and changes as long as they fall within the true spirit of these aspects.

100‧‧‧Wireless System

102‧‧‧Re-wearable wireless device

104‧‧‧Live

106‧‧‧Remote node (remote server)

108‧‧‧Honeycomb communication network

110‧‧‧Other networks

112‧‧‧Internet

114‧‧‧Cell phone tower

116‧‧‧Base Station (BS)

118‧‧‧Database

120‧‧‧Processing system

Claims (15)

A re-wearable wireless device, configured to be attached to a user, includes: a disposable component, wherein the disposable component includes: a first electrode; a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode The two electrodes are configured to be fixed to the living body; the mechanical snap connection mechanism includes: a base part; and a pair of protruding elements connected to and extending from the base part, wherein the pair of protruding elements is along the The opposite sides of the base portion extend and are substantially parallel to each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged between the pair of protruding elements and along a line substantially parallel to the protruding elements; a battery; and at least one The first set of electrical contacts are electrically coupled to the first electrode, the second electrode and the battery; the reusable component is configured to operably engage the protruding elements and is configured to be used in the reusable When the component is engaged with the protruding elements and at least a part of the reusable component is located between the protruding elements, it is fixed to the disposable component, wherein the reusable component includes: an electronic module; a housing, which Configured to match the mechanical snap-fit connection mechanism; and At least one second set of electrical contacts, configured to electrically couple the electronic module to the at least one first set of electrical contacts of the disposable component; wherein, the re-wearable wireless device is configured to pass through the The first electrode and the second electrode detect conductive electronic signals. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of the first item in the scope of patent application, wherein the disposable component further includes: a skin adhesive, which is used to attach the disposable component to the user's skin. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the conductive electronic signal is generated by the swallowable device when swallowed by the user. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of the first item of the patent application, wherein the conductive electronic signal is naturally generated by the user's body. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 1, wherein the reusable component includes at least one wearer interface. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 5, wherein the at least one wearer interface includes at least one of a light source, a vibration motor, a touch sensor, a tap sensor, and a speaker. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of the first item of the patent application, wherein the reusable component further includes at least one sensor. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one sensor includes a thermal resistor, an ambient light sensor, a pressure sensor, an accelerometer, a blood pressure sensor, and a passive infrared sensor Sensors, hydration sensors, breathing sensors, microphones, capacitive proximity sensors At least one. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of the first item in the scope of patent application, wherein the reusable component includes a communication module. For example, the 9th re-wearable wireless device in the scope of patent application, wherein the communication module includes one or more of a Bluetooth module, a cellular modem, a wireless antenna module, a GPS module, and a GNSS module By. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 1, wherein, the disposable component includes: an adhesive substrate coupled to the mechanical snap connection mechanism and the first electrode and the second electrode, the adhesive The substrate includes: a first adhesive layer; and a second adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer includes a first adhesive, and the second adhesive layer includes a second adhesive; wherein the first adhesive has adhesive strength, It is different from the bonding strength of the second adhesive. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 11, wherein the first adhesive layer includes a periphery, wherein the second adhesive layer partially covers the first adhesive layer near the periphery, and wherein the first adhesive layer The bonding strength of the two bonding layers is greater than the bonding strength of the first bonding layer. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 11, wherein the first adhesive includes a hydrocolloid adhesive, and the second adhesive includes at least one of acrylic and cyanoacrylate. Such as the re-wearable wireless device of item 12 of the scope of patent application Wherein, the second adhesive layer is removable and replaceable. For example, the re-wearable wireless device of claim 1, wherein the housing of the reusable component includes at least one recess, and wherein the mechanical snap connection mechanism of the disposable component includes at least one protrusion Element, wherein when the reusable component is snapped into the mechanical snap connection mechanism of the disposable component, the at least one protruding element engages with the at least one recess of the housing.

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