TWI703790B - Battery management system and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery management system includes a plurality of battery packs in series, a communication bus, and a power management module. The plurality of series battery packs are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with the load device or the power source. The series battery pack includes a plurality of battery blocks, each of which includes a switching element, a battery module, a number indicator, and a battery management module. The number indicator is used by the user to set a digit number used to mark the battery module. The digit number includes a parallel number and a serial number, and the parallel number is used to indicate the parallel configuration of the battery module, and the serial number is used to indicate the Serial configuration of battery modules. The power management module and the battery management modules are configured to determine whether the digit numbers of the battery blocks are repeated. If the digit numbers are not repeated, an ON/OFF state of each of the switching elements is determined according to the charge and discharge demand and electrical information.

Description

Battery management system and method

The invention relates to a battery management system and method, in particular to a battery management system and method with flexible series and parallel mechanisms.

High-power battery packs are developing rapidly, but battery weight and safety issues have greatly restricted transportation problems. If the low-power battery module can be combined into a high-power battery module according to the application, coupled with ideal series and parallel management, the transportation problem can be alleviated and the diverse market needs can be met.

However, after disassembling the high-power battery components into small modules, it will face the test of two major electrical characteristics, that is, how to perform flexible series and parallel connection, which is also the bottleneck of the energy storage system. Among them, for the parallel connection problem, when two battery packs are connected in parallel, the battery with high voltage will flow to the battery with low voltage according to the electrical characteristics. If the voltage difference is large, not only large current will be generated, but also sparks will be generated. Damaged components can cause explosions, so the timing of parallel connection is extremely important. On the other hand, the problem of series connection is that due to the diverse applications of energy storage systems, both high voltage (220V such as heating and cooling) and low voltage (48V such as LEV) belong to households, and parallel connection complements each other to meet the current conditions of human use.

Therefore, how to maintain consistency at the software, firmware, or hardware level when manufacturing battery modules, while maintaining the flexibility of series and parallel connections, has become one of the important issues that this business intends to solve.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery management system and method with flexible series and parallel mechanisms for the shortcomings of the prior art.

In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is to provide a battery management system, which includes a plurality of series-connected battery packs, a communication bus and a power management module. A plurality of series-connected battery packs are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with a load device or a power source. Each of the series-connected battery packs includes a plurality of battery blocks connected in series with each other, and each of the battery blocks includes a switching element, a battery module, and a number indicator And battery management module. The battery module is connected to the switch element, and the number indicator is configured for the user to set a digital number for marking the battery module. The digital number includes a parallel number and a serial number, and the parallel number is used to indicate the battery module. The parallel configuration of the group, the serial number is used to indicate the serial configuration of the battery module. The battery management module is respectively connected to the switching element, battery module and number indicator, and is configured to detect the digital number of the battery module, electrical information, the switching state of the switching element, and the charge and discharge current of the load device or power supply. The communication bus bars are respectively connected to the battery management modules of the battery blocks. The power management module is connected to the battery management modules through a communication bus. The power management module and each battery management module are configured to execute management procedures. The management procedures include: obtaining information about the battery blocks through the communication bus. The digital numbers; determine whether the digital numbers of the battery blocks are repeated, and if so, generate a warning signal; if it is determined that the digital numbers of the battery blocks are not repeated, the communication bus is used to obtain the The electrical information of these battery blocks determines the conduction state of the switching element according to the discharge requirement of the load device or a charging requirement of the power supply, and the electrical information.

In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a battery management method suitable for multiple series battery packs, wherein the series battery packs are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with a load device or a power supply. Connected, each of the series battery packs includes a plurality of battery blocks connected in series, and each of the battery blocks includes a switch element, a battery module connected to the switch element, a number indicator, and a battery management module The battery management method includes: configuring the number indicators to set a plurality of digital numbers for marking the battery modules, wherein each of the digital numbers includes a parallel number and a serial number, and the parallel number is used In order to indicate a parallel configuration of the battery module, the serial number is used to indicate a serial configuration of the battery module; the battery management modules are configured to detect the digital number and electrical power of the battery modules Information, the switch states of the switching elements; configuring a power management module and the battery management modules to execute a management procedure, the management procedure includes: obtaining the digital numbers of the battery blocks through the communication bus ; Determine whether the digital numbers of the battery blocks are duplicated, and if so, generate a warning signal; if it is determined that the digital numbers of the battery blocks are not duplicated, obtain the battery areas through the communication bus The electrical information of the block determines the conduction state of the switching element according to a discharge requirement of the load device or a charging requirement of the power supply, and the electrical information.

One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the battery management system and method provided by the present invention can reduce the human factor to a minimum by adding a check mechanism to the system. Therefore, the battery module is manufactured in software and toughness. It can maintain consistency at the physical or hardware level, while maintaining the flexibility of series and parallel connections.

In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings about the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not used to limit the present invention.

The following are specific examples to illustrate the implementation of the "battery management system and method" disclosed in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not drawn according to actual dimensions, and are stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the related technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be understood that although terms such as “first”, “second”, and “third” may be used herein to describe various elements or signals, these elements or signals should not be limited by these terms. These terms are mainly used to distinguish one element from another, or one signal from another signal. In addition, the term "or" used in this document may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is another block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system 1, which includes a plurality of series-connected battery packs 10 and 11, a communication bus 12 and a power management module 13.

The series battery packs 10 and 11 are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with the load device/power source 14. The series battery packs 10 and 11 each include a plurality of battery blocks connected in series. For example, the series battery pack 10 includes a plurality of battery blocks B11 in series. B12, B13 and B14, the series battery pack 11 includes a plurality of battery blocks B21, B22, B23 and B24 connected in series.

Among them, as shown in FIG. 2, the battery blocks B11 and B12 are taken as examples. The battery block B11 includes a switch element B110, a battery module B111, a number indicator B112, and a battery management module B113, and the battery block B12 includes a switch element B120, a battery module B121, a number indicator B122, and a battery management module B123. The battery module B111 is connected to the switch element B110, and the number indicator B112 is used for the user to set a digital number for marking the battery module B111.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is a schematic diagram of implementing a number indicator with a dip switch in an embodiment of the present invention. The number indicator B112 can be a Dip Switch, and can be connected to the battery management module B113 through a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface. Dip switch (Dip Switch) is also called DIP switch or DIP switch. It is a small switch that can be flipped with a finger to complete the switching action. There are many different forms according to different purposes. Please refer to Fig. 3, an example DIP switch B112 is provided. There are 4 switches for indicating the digital number of the number indicator B112. When the switch is "ON", it means the digit number is 1, and when the switch is "OFF", it means the digit number is 0.

Among them, the digital number includes a parallel number P and a serial number S, and the parallel number is used to indicate the parallel configuration of the battery module B111, which may correspond to FIG. 2, and the serial number is used to indicate the serial configuration of the battery module B111. For example, the parallel number P may include two bit codes P1 and P2, and the serial number S may include two bit codes S1 and S2. It can be as shown in Table 1:

Table I DIP SW bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 P1 P0 S1 S0

Wherein, the parallel number P in FIG. 3 can be used to indicate which series battery pack the battery module B111 belongs to, and the series number S is used to indicate the position of the battery module B111 in the series battery pack. For example, it can be indicated in binary. For example, if there are two battery packs 10 and 11 connected in series, the parallel number P can be 00 and 01 respectively. For example, as shown in Figure 1, each battery pack in series has four battery modules, then the serial number S can be 00, 01, 10, 11, and the user can follow the position of the battery modules in order from small to large Arrange and set the DIP switches. It should be noted that the setting of the DIP switch is also the ID of the designated battery module on the communication bus 12.

On the other hand, please refer to Figure 2. The battery management module B113 is connected to the switching element B110, the battery module B111, and the number indicator B112, respectively, for detecting the digital number, electrical information, and switching element B110 of the battery module B111 The switching state and the charge and discharge current of the load device/power supply 14. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the battery management modules B113 and B123 are operated to appropriately manage the current flow between the power source and the battery modules B111 and B121, so that they can be charged and discharged at an appropriate voltage.

For clarity of explanation, in some cases, the present technology may be presented as including independent functional blocks including functional blocks, including devices, device components, steps or routes in a method implemented in software, or a combination of hardware and software. The device implementing the disclosed methods may include hardware, firmware, and/or software, and may take any of various shapes. Large-scale energy storage system The functions described in this article can also be implemented in peripheral devices or built-in cards. By further example, this function can also be implemented on different chips or circuit boards of different programs executed on a single device.

Further, the battery management system 1 further includes a communication bus 12 which is respectively connected to the battery management modules of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24. For example, the battery management module B113 of the battery block B11 and the battery management module B123 of the battery block B12, and the power management module (Battery Management System, BMS) 13 is connected to the battery blocks B11 and B11 through the communication bus 12. B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23 and B24 battery management modules.

Specifically, the power management module 13 and each battery management module are configured to execute a management program. Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a flowchart of the management program according to an embodiment of the present invention. The management procedure includes the following steps:

Step S100: Obtain multiple digital numbers of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 through the communication bus 12.

Step S101: Determine whether the digital numbers of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 are duplicated, if yes, go to step S102 to generate a warning signal. If it is determined that the digital numbers of the battery blocks are not repeated, then go to step S103 to obtain the electrical information of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23 and B24 through the communication bus 12. According to the charging and discharging requirements of the load device/power supply 14 and the electrical information, the conduction state of the switching element is determined.

In other words, because the number indicator is processed manually, it is difficult to avoid the system's inoperability due to human setting errors. Therefore, especially adding a check mechanism to the system can minimize the human factor. In addition, in addition to comparing whether the digit number is repeated, other conditions can also be included.

For example, please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of the correct setting of the number indicator of the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, according to the parallel configuration and series configuration of battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23 and B24 in the system, set the corresponding number indicators B112, B122, B132, B142, B212, B222, B232 and B242 are 0011, 0010, 0001, 0000, 0111, 0110, 0101, 0100, respectively.

After the system is powered on, the battery management modules of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 will be awakened and communicate with each other through the communication bus 12. When the aforementioned management procedure is executed, it further includes judging whether the number of battery blocks in each series-connected battery pack is the same according to the digital number.

For example, it will first determine whether the numbers set to [01XX] and [00XX] are the same. In other words, the management program can count the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number, and compare whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same. In this embodiment, the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number 01 is 4, and the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number 00 is also 4. Therefore, if the battery array is set correctly, the management procedure can be continued, such as Step S103.

In other words, after completing the setting of the number indicator, the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 are used in the system for parallel configuration, serial configuration and identification on the communication bus 12. ID has also been established. Taking FIG. 5 as an example, the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, and B14 are in a series relationship, the battery blocks B21, B22, B23, and B24 are in a series relationship, and the battery blocks B11 and B21 are in a parallel relationship. Assuming that battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14 or battery blocks B21, B22, B23, and B24 have different voltages from each other, the battery management modules in battery blocks B11, B12, B13, and B14 can be connected to the communication bus 12 Know the voltage difference between each other and activate the balance mechanism to synchronize the voltage difference.

On the other hand, in battery blocks with the same parallel number, such as battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, and battery blocks with the largest or smallest serial number, such as battery blocks B11 or B14, The battery management module will determine whether the corresponding series battery pack can be connected in parallel with other series battery packs according to the charge and discharge requirements of the load device/power supply 14 and the electrical information of each battery module, for example, determine whether the series battery pack 10 It can be connected in parallel with the series battery pack 11.

In other words, if the battery blocks B11 and B21 with the largest serial number are the main ones, the battery management modules of the battery blocks B11 and B21 are also responsible for parallel connection, which can also be communicated through the communication bus 12 Voltage each other, and can issue instructions to all batteries connected in series to start the balance mechanism. Therefore, after all voltage checks are completed, the series and parallel connections of all battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 can be completed.

On the other hand, please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of the number indicator setting error of the battery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, according to the parallel configuration and series configuration of battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 in the system, set the corresponding number indicators B112, B122, B132, B142, B212, B222, B232 and B242 are 0011, 0010, 0001, 0000, 0101, 0110, 0101, 0100, respectively.

Obviously, the digit number of the number indicator B212 should be 0111, which was incorrectly set to 0101. After the system is powered on, the battery management modules of the battery blocks B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 will be awakened and communicate with each other through the communication bus 12.

For example, it will first determine whether the numbers set to [01XX] and [00XX] are the same. In other words, the management program can count the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number, and compare whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same.

At the same time, the number counted by [00xx] is 4, and the number counted by [01xx] is 3, and the two are inconsistent. At this time, the battery management module generates an error signal to indicate that there may be inconsistencies in the number or digital number setting error The situation happened.

At this time, please refer to FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a setting error of the number indicator of the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, there are only battery blocks B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 in the system at this time, and the corresponding number indicators B122, B132, B142, B212, B222, B232, and B242 are set as 0010, 0001, 0000, 0111, 0110, 0101, 0100.

Obviously, due to the lack of battery block B11, the corresponding digital number 0011 does not exist. After the system is powered on, the battery management modules of the battery blocks B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, and B24 will be awakened and communicate with each other through the communication bus 12.

For example, it will first determine whether the numbers set to [01XX] and [00XX] are the same. In other words, the management program can count the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number, and compare whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same.

At the same time, the number counted by [00xx] is 3, and the number counted by [01xx] is 4, and the two are inconsistent. At this time, the battery management module generates an error signal to indicate that the number is inconsistent and further causes the entire The system is disabled to ensure safety.

Please refer to FIG. 8. The present invention also provides a battery management method, which is suitable for the battery management system 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The battery management method may include the following steps:

Step S200: Configure a number indicator to set multiple digital numbers for marking the battery module. As previously described, the digital number includes a parallel number and a serial number, and the parallel number is used to indicate the parallel configuration of the battery module, and the serial number is used to indicate the serial configuration of the battery module.

Step S201: Configure the battery management module to detect the digital number of the battery module, electrical information, and the on-off state of the switching element.

Step S202: Configure the power management module and the battery management module to execute the management program. Management procedures include:

Step S203: Obtain the digital number of the battery block through the communication bus;

Step S204: Count the number of serial numbers with the same parallel number;

Step S205: Check whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same, if not, go to step S206 to generate a warning signal.

If yes, go to step S207 to determine whether the serial numbers with the same parallel number are duplicated; if yes, go to step S206 to generate a warning signal; if not, go to step S208 to obtain the electrical information of the battery block through the communication bus , According to the charging and discharging requirements of the load device/power supply, and electrical information, determine the conduction state of the switching element.

[Beneficial effects of the embodiment]

One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the battery management system and method provided by the present invention can reduce the human factor to a minimum by adding a check mechanism to the system. Therefore, the battery module is manufactured in software and toughness. It can maintain consistency at the physical or hardware level, while maintaining the flexibility of series and parallel connections.

The content disclosed above is only a preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the description and schematic content of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. Within the scope of the patent.

1: Battery management system 10, 11: series battery pack 12: Communication bus 13: Power management module 14: Load device/power supply B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, B24: battery block B110, B120: switching element B111, B121: battery module B112, B122, B132, B142, B212, B222, B232, B242: number indicator B113, B123: battery management module P: parallel number P1, P2, S1, S2: bit code S: serial number

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is another block diagram of the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of implementing a number indicator with a DIP switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a management program according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the correct setting of the number indicator of the battery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a setting error of the number indicator of the battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another setting error of the number indicator of the battery management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1: Battery management system

10, 11: series battery pack

12: Communication bus

13: Power management module

14: Load device/power supply

B11, B12, B13, B14, B21, B22, B23, B24: battery block

Claims (12)

A battery management system includes: a plurality of series battery packs are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with a load device or a power source, each of the series battery packs includes a plurality of battery blocks connected in series with each other, and each of the battery blocks It includes: a switch element; a battery module connected to the switch element; a number indicator configured for the user to set a digital number for marking the battery module, wherein the digital number includes a parallel number and A serial number, and the parallel number is used to indicate a parallel configuration of the battery module, the serial number is used to indicate a serial configuration of the battery module; and a battery management module, respectively connected to the switch The component, the battery module and the number indicator are configured to detect the digital number of the battery module, an electrical information, a switching state of the switching element, and a charge and discharge current of the load device or the power supply ; And a communication bus, respectively connected to the battery management modules of the battery blocks; a power management module, connected to the battery management modules through the communication bus, wherein the power management module and each The battery management module is configured to execute a management program, the management program includes: obtaining the digital numbers of the battery blocks through the communication bus; determining whether the digital numbers of the battery blocks are duplicated, if so , A warning signal is generated; if it is determined that the digital numbers of the battery blocks are not repeated, the electrical information of the battery blocks is obtained through the communication bus, according to a discharge demand of the load device or the A charging requirement of the power source and the electrical information determine the conduction state of the switch element. For example, the battery management system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management program further includes: judging whether the number of the battery blocks in each series battery pack is the same according to the digital numbers, and if so, passing the The communication bus obtains the electrical information of these battery blocks, if not, it generates another warning signal. For the battery management system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the number indicator is a dip switch. For example, the battery management system described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management procedure further includes: counting the number of the serial numbers with the same parallel number, and comparing whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same If yes, obtain the electrical information of the battery blocks through the communication bus; if not, generate the warning signal. For example, the battery management system described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management procedure further includes: judging whether the serial numbers with the same parallel number are duplicated, if so, generate the other warning signal, if not, then The electrical information of the battery blocks is obtained through the communication bus. The battery management system according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein among the battery blocks with the same parallel number, the battery module of the battery block with the largest or smallest serial number is configured According to the discharge demand of the load device or the charging demand of the power supply, and the electrical information, it is determined whether the corresponding series battery pack can be connected in parallel with the other series battery packs. A battery management method is suitable for a plurality of series battery packs, wherein the series battery packs are connected in parallel with each other and connected in parallel with a load device or a power source, each of the series battery packs includes a plurality of battery blocks connected in series with each other, and Each of the battery blocks includes a switch element, a battery module connected to the switch element, a number indicator, and a battery management module. The battery management method includes: configuring the number indicators for marking The multiple digital numbers of the battery modules, each of the digital numbers includes a parallel number and a serial number, and the parallel number is used to indicate a parallel configuration of the battery module, and the serial number is used to indicate A serial configuration of the battery modules; configure the battery management modules to detect the digital numbers, electrical information of the battery modules, and the switching states of the switching elements; configure a power management module and the Some battery management modules execute a management procedure, and the management procedure includes: obtaining the digital numbers of the battery blocks through the communication bus; judging whether the digital numbers of the battery blocks are duplicated, and if so, generating A warning signal; if it is determined that the digital numbers of the battery blocks are not repeated, the electrical information of the battery blocks is obtained through the communication bus, according to a discharge demand of the load device or a power supply The charging demand and the electrical information determine the conduction state of the switching element. For example, the battery management method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management procedure further includes: judging whether the number of the battery blocks in each series battery pack is the same according to the digital numbers, and if so, passing the The communication bus obtains the electrical information of these battery blocks, if not, it generates another warning signal. For the battery management method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the number indicator is a dip switch. For example, the battery management method described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management procedure further includes: counting the number of the serial numbers with the same parallel number, and comparing whether the numbers with different parallel numbers are the same If yes, obtain the electrical information of the battery blocks through the communication bus; if not, generate the warning signal. For example, the battery management method described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the management procedure further includes: judging whether the serial numbers with the same parallel number are duplicated, if so, generate the other warning signal, if not, then The electrical information of the battery blocks is obtained through the communication bus. For example, the battery management method described in item 11 of the scope of the patent application further includes: arranged in the battery blocks with the same parallel number, and the battery blocks with the largest or smallest serial number The battery module determines whether the corresponding series battery pack can be connected in parallel with the other series battery packs according to the discharge demand of the load device or the charging demand of the power supply, and the electrical information.

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