TWI694118B - Method of substrate coating treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a novel substrate coating treatment method, which include the following step: spray primer coating layer on a surface of a substrate, grinding the primer coating layer to predetermined particle size via sandpaper or grinder; spray at least one middle coating layer on the primer coating layer, patterning said middle coating layer through pattern mask according to the application and grinding the middle coating layer to predetermined particle size; wherein the primer coating layer and middle coating layer comprise membrane-forming component and hardener with the ratio 1:1-1:5.

Description

Substrate coating treatment method

The present invention relates to a substrate coating processing method. More specifically, it is a method for improving the coating processing steps and the ratio of film-forming paint and hardening aid, while reducing the material coating processing time. Control the physical phenomenon when visible light reaches the surface to achieve the visual effect required by the application.

Material coating treatment refers to the application of paints such as paint, watercolor, and glaze on the surface of the material to form a solid coating film, so that the surface of the material can have impact resistance, waterproof, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, electrical conductivity and other machinery The enhancement of the nature, or, by the color or particle size of the solid coating film itself, changing the optical characteristics such as light reflection and scattering to achieve the purpose of increasing the visual effect. In the above purpose, in order to increase the visual effect, humans have a long history of treating the surface of the material with a coating. In the Han and Tang dynasties, there has been a process called "lacquer carving", and the works handed down to the Song Dynasty are the bulk In the "Qing Mi Zang" written by Zhang Yingwen in the Ming Dynasty, "The Song people carved red lacquer ware, mostly using gold and silver as the tire, and the carving method is perfect and the Tibetan front is not exposed." The production process includes lacquer making, tire making, Grinding, polishing, etc., the process is complicated and takes a long time, and it has always been the expensive furnishings of the royal family in ancient times.

In the past, coating treatment mainly used raw lacquer obtained from lacquer trees and exhibited milky white colloidal mucus as the coating. Its composition is generally composed of Urushiol, gums, a small amount of organic substances and moisture. According to different places of production, There are also considerable differences in its composition. The advantage of raw paint is that it has a bright color, the hardness of its coating film can reach more than 0.65 (paint film value/glass value), good wear resistance, and strong adhesion, can be attached to most common materials (such as wood, stone, etc.) ), there is no limit to the number of coatings. However, the shelf life of the lacquer is short. If it is stored for too long, it will spoil and it will be difficult to dry and form a film. Although the drying time of the lacquer is only 24-48 hours, the coating film should reach the reaction during the hardening process. The complete time must be half a year to more than one year (the time when the coating film is completely hardened), because the effect of catalyzing the film formation reaction of urushiol in the raw paint is longer, and the temperature needs to be maintained at 25-30 degrees Celsius during the process. And relative humidity Between 70-80 degrees, so the time cost of using raw paint as a coating is high, which is not conducive to mass production.

For modern coatings used in coating treatment, the composition consists of four parts, namely film-forming substances, solvents, pigments, and additives. Among them, the film-forming substance is the basis of the coating, which plays a decisive role in the performance of the coating and the coating film. When the solvent in the coating is gradually dried or volatilized, the film-forming substance gradually increases in viscosity or due to the chemical reaction of the film-forming substance , Will form a continuous coating film on the surface of the material, modern coatings mainly use natural resins or synthetic resins, such as: alkyd resin, acrylic resin, chlorinated rubber resin, epoxy resin, etc.; the solvent can Membrane material dissolves, or acts as a dispersant to evenly distribute the ingredients in the coating, and when the coating is processed, the coating film can evaporate from the atmosphere to the atmosphere. Its ingredients may be water, organic solvents, etc.; pigments may appear in the standard state It is a solid toner or a liquid fluid. Its function is to make the paint show color, and it has the function of covering the surface of the material; the auxiliary cannot form the coating film independently, but can be present in the coating as a component of the coating film , The role of additives is to improve the performance of a specific aspect of the paint or coating film, such as defoaming, wetting, anti-settling, drying, hardening and so on.

In the previous technology, the Chinese patent CN102294322A proposed a method of coating the material (wood) with piano paint. The process of the method includes the primary grinding of the wood pretreatment, the surface coloring, and the spraying bottom. The process of lacquer, secondary grinding and finished product polishing, although this method reveals the number of sandpaper used in the grinding, and the wood surface after piano lacquer treatment can still retain the characteristics of its texture, but it does not disclose how to use the piano The way in which lacquers form specific patterns on other materials according to their visual application, and how to adjust the proportion of additives to achieve specific purposes, such as speeding up the hardening of the coating film, therefore, at the present point, the market still needs a In the application of the above, the piano paint is formed on the material, and at the same time, the coating film of the raw paint is hardened for a long time to facilitate mass production.

In view of this, the present invention proposes a substrate coating treatment method, which includes the following steps: spraying a primer coating on the surface of the substrate; grinding the primer coating with sandpaper, water sandpaper, or a grinder to the desired level The particle size of the primer coating, or smooth the convex part of the surface of the primer coating; spray the primer coating on the primer coating, the number of layers of the primer coating can be at least one layer; Lacquer coating by applying the required picture The first pattern is patterned by the shape-shaped mask; and, the sand paint or grinder is used to grind the middle paint coating to the required size of the middle paint coating, or the raised portion of the middle paint coating surface is applied Smoothing; Among them, the primer coating and the middle paint coating contain a film-forming paint and a hardening aid, the ratio of which ranges from 1:1 to 1:5.

According to the content of the present invention, the main components of the film-forming paint are based on polyurethane (Acrylic resin) and acrylic resin (Acrylic resin), characterized by strong paint film, strong adhesion, so it can withstand moisture and abrasion.

According to the present invention, the main component of the above-mentioned hardening aid is based on polyisocyanate (Polyisocyanate).

According to the content of the present invention, the mask used in the patterning process can be any shape. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mask has a circular hole with a diameter of 1-10 cm. During the patterning process In the middle, apply the mask to the part of the middle lacquer to be patterned, drag it around or grind with sandpaper or grinder to form the desired shape.

According to the content of the present invention, the steps of the substrate coating treatment method further include spraying a top coat on the middle coat.

According to the content of the present invention, the composition of the top coat is a clear coating commonly known as Varnish, or Clear Coating. In the embodiment of the present invention, the main component may be selected from ester varnish, shellac varnish, phenolic Varnish, alkyd varnish, nitro varnish, acrylic varnish, or polyester ester varnish to form a transparent protective film on the topcoat.

According to the content of the present invention, the step of the substrate coating treatment method further includes grinding the topcoat layer to a desired particle size of the topcoat layer, or smoothing the raised part of the surface of the basecoat layer Among them, since the top coat is transparent and colorless, the color of the top coat is the color of the middle coat after finishing the top coat.

The above are used to illustrate the purpose, technical means and achievable work of the present invention As a result, persons familiar with this technology in the related art can more clearly understand the present invention through the following examples and accompanying drawings and patent application.

200‧‧‧Substrate coating treatment method

S1-S10‧‧‧Method steps

301‧‧‧Substrate

303‧‧‧Primer coating

305‧‧‧ medium paint coating

307‧‧‧surface paint coating

309‧‧‧The first pattern

309A‧‧‧First position

309C‧‧‧Second position

311‧‧‧Second pattern

401‧‧‧round hole

501‧‧‧ linear slit

The detailed description of the present invention and the schematic diagrams of the embodiments as described below should make the present invention more fully understood; however, it should be understood that this is only a reference for understanding the application of the present invention and does not limit the present invention to a specific implementation Cases.

Figure 1 illustrates the appearance of a material coating that can be formed using the method of the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates the method steps of the invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates the stacked structure of the material coating formed by the method of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a mask with circular holes used as a pattern in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a mask with straight lines and slits for patterning in another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail with preferred embodiments and viewpoints. The following description provides specific implementation details of the present invention so that readers can thoroughly understand the implementation of these embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented without these details. In addition, the present invention can also be applied and implemented by other specific embodiments. The details described in this specification can also be applied based on different needs, and various modifications or changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. . The present invention will be described in terms of preferred embodiments and viewpoints. Such descriptions explain the structure of the present invention, and are used only for illustration rather than to limit the patent scope of the present invention. The terms used in the following description will be interpreted in the broadest reasonable manner, even if they are used in conjunction with the detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to use polyurethane (Polyurethane, PU) material as the basis Piano lacquer at the bottom replaces and improves the traditional technique of using raw lacquer as the coating. Although the color is deep and gorgeous, the hardness of the coating film is high and the wear resistance is good, but the time for the coating film to completely harden is too long, which makes it difficult for the industry The shortcomings of mass production, and the use of piano paint as a coating for coating treatment, its optimized film-forming paint and hardening aid ratio, so that the curing time of the coating film can be controlled at a time cost The scope is conducive to the use of industry. In addition, another object of the present invention is to improve the utilization of the above-mentioned industries. At the same time, the coating treatment method of the present invention can be used to form the piano paint on the substrate according to the actual application to improve the impact resistance and waterproof of the substrate surface. , Corrosion resistance, heat resistance, light resistance and other mechanical properties, and enhance the visual effect of the substrate.

In addition, in the present invention, the paint of the piano paint contains a film-forming paint, a pigment, and a hardening aid. The main component of the film-forming paint is based on a polyurethane (Polyurethane) material or/and a mixture of acrylic resin (Acrylic Resin) as the base, the film-forming paint contains film-forming substances and solvents, and additional solvents can be added as needed Adjust the concentration of film-forming paint. In an embodiment of the present invention, the solvent may be formulated with various organic solvents such as toluene, butyl acetate, etc., commonly known as banana water (Lacquer Thinner, or Isoamyl Acetate) or Tianna water to adjust the concentration of the film-forming paint, and The main component of the hardening aid is polyisocyanate (Polyisocyanate) as its main component. In addition, the primer coating (303), intermediate paint coating (305) and topcoat layer (307) can be water-proof, corrosion-resistant or covered, and the paint can be adjusted to the desired color and shade to make the piano paint The primer coating (303), the intermediate paint coating (305) and the top coat layer (307) exhibit different visual effects.

Please refer to Figures 1-3, the present invention proposes a substrate coating treatment method (200), which can be applied to various types of appliances, such as flower pots, lacquer boxes, pianos, desktops, tiles, pencil boxes, dishes, crafts The surface includes the following steps: in step (S3), spray the primer coating (303) on the surface of the substrate (301) by means of an airbrush or brush head; in step (S4), by sandpaper, water Abrasive paper or grinder grinds the primer coating (303) to the required particle size of the primer coating (303), or smooth the convex part of the surface of the primer coating (303); Step (S5) , Spray the middle paint coating layer (305) on the primer coating layer (303), the number of layers of the middle paint coating layer (305) may be at least one layer; in step (S6), apply the middle paint coating layer (305) The first pattern (309) is patterned by applying a mask of the desired pattern; and, in step (S7), the intermediate paint coating (305) is ground to the desired intermediate paint coating by sandpaper or grinder The particle size of the layer (305), or smooth the convex part of the surface of the middle coat (305); among them, the primer coat (303) and the middle coat (305) contain the film-forming paint and hardening aid Agent, its proportion The range is 1:1~1:5, the ratio of the film-forming paint and hardening aid can be adjusted according to the needs of the application, such as controlling the speed and time of the coating film hardening.

In one embodiment, the substrate coating treatment method (200) includes the following steps: In step (S1), the surface layer of the substrate is cleaned, and the solvent used for cleaning the substrate may be but not limited to water, alcohol, acetone , Acetonitrile, acetic acid, methanol, or a combination of the above, which makes the coating easier to adhere to the substrate (301) during the spraying process and improve the durability of the coating; in step (S2), the substrate (301) is ground The surface layer homogenizes the planar properties of the surface layer, so that the paint can be evenly distributed on the substrate (301) during the spraying process to avoid unevenness of the paint on the surface during the spraying process.

In one aspect of the present invention, the grinding process of the above steps (S4) and (S7) can be ground separately for each layer of the primer coating (303) and the intermediate paint coating (305) according to the needs of the application. It may also be the step of grinding the primer coating (303) and the intermediate paint coating (305) after the steps (S3) and (S5) are sprayed. Please refer to FIG. 1, which shows an application of the first pattern (309) formed on the substrate (301) by patterning in one embodiment. In the above embodiment, after spraying the middle lacquer coating (305) for 12-24 hours, cover the surface of the middle lacquer coating (305) with the mask needed for patterning at the part to be patterned, Drag it around or use sandpaper or grinder to grind the desired shape. In addition, since the middle lacquer coating (305) has several layers according to the needs of the application, the depth of the grinding can be controlled so that the middle lacquer coatings exposed at different first positions (309A) and second positions (309C) 305) are different, so that different visual effects can be caused, for example, different intermediate paint coatings (305) have different colors in the first position (309A) and the second position (309C) due to different pigment adjustments.

It is worth noting that during the patterning of the first pattern (309) and the second pattern (311) in step (S6) and step (S8), the number of layers of the middle lacquer coating (305) is more than one layer. As shown in Figure 4, when the shape of a circular hole (401) with a diameter of 1-10 cm is overlaid on the middle paint coating (305), the grinding method of sandpaper and grinder can be a gradual layer Grinding, that is, the depth of the grinding is through different numbers of sandpaper, and has a preset gradient size and direction, except for the first position (309A), the first position (309A) and the second position (309C) The exposed middle lacquer coating (305) is different, and the particle size of the middle lacquer coating (305) at the first position (309A) and the second position (309C) can be different. The lacquer coating (305) can finally present a visual effect with a matt-gloss gradual change.

In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the second pattern (311) may be a long bar shape. The patterning method of the edge-line shape is to spray a second pattern (311) on the middle lacquer coating (305) through a mask with a linear slit (501) to form a plurality of long The strip-shaped second pattern (311) is on the surface of the middle lacquer coating (305). In addition, the size and pitch of the second pattern (311) can be patterned using masks of different shapes according to the needs of the application. For example, the elongated second pattern (311) can also be a pattern with vertical and orthogonal to each other In order to increase the visual effect on the surface of the substrate (301), the drying and hardening time can be controlled within 30 minutes to 3 hours, which is conducive to industrial mass production.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of grinding, the middle paint coating (305) is firstly ground by using sandpaper number 100-200, and then further ground by the number 200-500 to coat the middle paint ( 305) The surface particle size is refined, and the number of sandpaper indicates the average number of meshes per unit area. Therefore, in the same area, the smaller the number, the less the number of particles on the sandpaper. The particle size (Particle Size) is relatively large. In the embodiment of the present invention, the particle size corresponding to the middle lacquer coating (305) is about 80-25 microns (μm). In addition, in the grinding process, if the higher number of sandpaper is used for grinding, the particle size of the surface of the middle coat layer (305) is finer. Therefore, when visible light is irradiated to the surface of the middle coat layer (305), The reflectivity will be higher. Conversely, the rougher the particle size of the surface, the stronger the visible light scattering rate. That is, the middle lacquer coating (305) can be adjusted by the grinding process according to the needs of the application. The ratio of the reflectivity to the scattering rate, so that the middle lacquer coating (305) visually presents a glossier or more matte visual effect.

According to the content of the present invention, the substrate coating treatment method (200) further includes, in step (S9), spraying a top coat layer (307) on the middle paint layer (305), and in step (S10), Grind the top coat layer (307) to the required particle size of the top coat layer (307), or smooth the convex part of the surface of the base coat layer (307). In one embodiment of the present invention, the top coat (3) uses Fanli water to form a transparent protective film on the surface after drying, so the final color of the coat is the color of the middle coat (305) . The composition of the top coat (307) can be selected from ester varnish, shellac varnish, novolak, alkyd varnish, nitro varnish, acrylic varnish, or polyester ester varnish, which can improve the overall impact resistance and waterproof , Corrosion resistance, heat resistance, light resistance and other mechanical properties.

According to the above, in step (S10), when the surface coating layer (307) is ground, preferably, 200-1000 grit paper can be used for grinding to make the particle size of the surface coating layer (307) smaller, In addition to making the top coat layer (307) have the effect of protecting the middle coat layer (307) after the coating is completed, it can exhibit a more detailed and glossy visual effect. In addition, because the particle size of the surface coating layer (307) is relatively small (according to the conversion of sandpaper number and particle size, 200-1000 size sandpaper corresponds to approximately 80-1.5 microns), this can cause the surface coating layer (307 ) Lowers Surface Energy, increases the contact angle (Contact Angle) of water vapor or dust particles attached to the surface coating (307) in the environment, so that the water vapor in the environment tends to be inside itself rather than the surface The surface of the lacquer coating (307) makes the surface coating layer (307) hydrophobic, so that the surface coating layer (307) is less likely to adhere, and has the characteristics of easy maintenance of cleanliness and gloss.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that they are used to illustrate the invention rather than to limit the scope of the patent rights claimed by the invention. The scope of patent protection depends on the scope of the attached patent application and its equivalent fields. Anyone who is familiar with the skills in this field, without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent, makes changes or retouches, which belong to the equivalent changes or designs completed under the spirit of the disclosure, and shall be included in the following patent application scope Inside.

200‧‧‧Substrate coating treatment method

S1-S10‧‧‧Method steps

Claims (9)

A substrate coating treatment method, comprising the following steps: spraying at least one primer coating layer on the surface layer of a substrate; spraying at least one intermediate paint coating layer on the at least one primer coating layer, according to the graphics required by the application, borrow Patterning a first pattern by the mask; and, grinding the at least one layer of middle lacquer coating to a desired particle size, or grinding the convex part of the surface of the middle lacquer coating, the at least one layer of middle lacquer The particle size of the coating is in the range of 25-80 microns; in addition, the at least one primer coating layer and the at least one middle lacquer coating layer contain a film-forming paint in a ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:5 With a hardening aid. According to the substrate coating treatment method of claim 1, the film-forming paint contains a polyurethane material or/and a mixture with acrylic resin. According to the substrate coating method of claim 1, the hardening aid contains polyisocyanate. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising patterning the at least one middle lacquer coating with a mask to a first pattern, wherein the mask has at least a diameter of 1-10 cm A round hole. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising patterning the at least one middle lacquer coating with a second pattern through a mask, wherein the mask has at least a linear slit. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising spraying at least one top coat layer on the at least one middle coat layer, and grinding the at least one top coat layer to a particle size range of 1.5 -80 microns. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 6, the composition of the at least one top coat layer may include ester varnish, shellac varnish, novolak, alkyd varnish, nitro varnish, acrylic varnish, or more The combination. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising cleaning the surface layer of the substrate with at least one solvent, wherein the at least one solvent may be water, alcohol, acetone, acetonitrile, acetic acid, methanol, or On the combination. The substrate coating treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising homogenizing the planar properties of the surface layer of the substrate by grinding, so that the coating material is evenly distributed on the substrate during the spraying process.

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