TWI692170B - Battery charging and discharging simulation system and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery charging and discharging simulation system and operation method thereof. Specifically, this invention indicates a battery charging and discharging simulation system and the operation method per se. Over all, the battery charging and discharging simulation system comprises a power simulation system, an electronic controller, a battery simulation system. The electronic controller connects to the power simulation system and the battery simulation system via a multi-party communication device which is built in it. The battery simulation system further comprises an AC/DC adaptor, a simulation battery management system and supply mains. The simulation battery management system is connected with the supply mains. On the other hand, the power simulation system comprises a motor, a motor driver, a clutch, an engine and a propeller. The motor driver connects to the AC/DC adaptor.

Description

Battery charging and discharging simulation system and operation method thereof

The present invention relates to a battery charge and discharge simulation system, and in particular to a battery charge and discharge simulation system and an operation method thereof. The battery simulation system and an AC/DC bidirectional power converter and an analog battery management system are used to simulate the operation mode of a battery.

With the advancement of technology, in the prior art, charging peripheral equipment such as charging stations, multi-party communication devices, etc., the test method is that the charging process and the communication process are separately detected, so it is impossible to detect that the charging station communicates with multiple parties during the actual charging process The simultaneous operation of the device may cause unpredictable errors in future use. However, during the test, it is necessary to connect the battery pack to test the operation status of the peripheral equipment, because the peripheral equipment may appear in an error or unstable state. If the test is performed with a real battery pack, it will easily cause the battery pack to overheat, damage, and explode. The situation occurs, so it is very important to assist the detection of peripheral equipment with a battery simulation device that can simulate the actual operation of the battery.

In the prior art described in Patent No. I262382 of the Republic of China, each battery characteristic data must be entered into the battery simulation device, and the battery simulation device then performs the required changes based on the battery characteristic data. This method not only takes time The battery characteristic data is entered in advance, and the battery simulation device cannot simulate the real characteristics of the battery pack during the charging process, so it cannot be very close to the charging situation of the real battery pack; for example, in the prior art of the Republic of China Patent No. I547705, due to the battery One of the energy estimation compensation parameters is provided by the internal resistance information of the battery, and the conventional technology usually uses many unit battery packs as the test platform to establish the internal resistance compensation of the unit battery for the power compensation by continuously conducting experimental tests. Correspondence table; due to the different performance of battery packs of the same material under different usage conditions, the accuracy of power estimation is a major problem encountered in practice; in addition, US Patent No. 7,764,066 As mentioned in the case, it is to use the potential difference to simulate the situation where the battery needs to be charged or damaged, and its simulation method cannot simulate the real characteristics of the battery pack during the charging process, so it cannot be close to the charging situation of the real battery pack.

Therefore, according to the above, the present invention provides a battery charge and discharge simulation system, which includes a battery simulation system, an electronic control unit (ECU), and a power simulation system.

The battery management system (BMS) will calculate and update the voltage value of the battery simulation system in real time. The voltage value will change with the charging process, so that the simulated high-voltage battery pack can simulate the characteristics of the real battery pack when charging. In order to detect the communication and charging performance of multi-party communication devices and charging stations during actual charging.

The invention discloses a battery charging and discharging simulation system, including: a battery simulation system, including an AC/DC bidirectional power converter, an analog battery management system (BMS), and a mains power, wherein the AC/DC bidirectional power converter Connected to the mains; the simulated battery management system (BMS) is used to control the charge mode or discharge mode of the battery simulation system, and is connected to the AC/DC bidirectional power converter and an electronic control unit (ECU); The electronic control unit (ECU) is used to collect the signals of each sensor for calculation and comparison, and is used to control a power generation engine and a motor driver respectively. Among them, the electronic control unit further includes a multi-party communication controller. It is used to receive a current data and a voltage data required by the battery simulation system.

According to another aspect disclosed by the present invention, the battery charging and discharging simulation system further includes a power simulation system, including: the motor driver, a motor, a clutch, the power generation engine, and a propeller; wherein, the motor and the motor driver And the clutch is connected, the motor is further connected to the propeller, and the clutch is connected to the power generation engine.

Among them, the AC/DC bidirectional power converter has an AC side and a DC side, the AC side is connected to the mains, the DC side is connected to the motor driver; and the AC/DC bidirectional power converter includes: a power transformer, A rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit.

Furthermore, when the power simulation system operates in a pure electric mode: the clutch is in an open circuit, the battery simulation system simulates a battery supplying an electric power to the motor, The analog battery management system (BMS) controls power transmission through the AC/DC bidirectional power converter.

Furthermore, when the power simulation system operates in a hybrid power mode: the clutch is in a conducting state, the power generation engine drives the motor through the clutch, and the motor rotates the propeller; when the When the power generation engine generates more power than the motor requires, the power will charge the battery simulation system through the motor driver.

Furthermore, like the connection relationship of the foregoing battery charge and discharge simulation system, another aspect disclosed by the present invention, a battery simulated discharge method, includes: (a1) disengaging the clutch from the motor; (a2 ) When the electronic control unit (ECU) receives the throttle operation command, it starts the motor driver to drive the motor; (a3) the analog battery management system (BMS) detects that the voltage value of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter drops; (a4) The simulated battery management system (BMS) simulated discharge mode; and (a5) The AC/DC bidirectional power converter converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), and the battery simulation system discharges the power simulation system .

Furthermore, like the connection relationship of the foregoing battery charge and discharge simulation system, another aspect disclosed by the present invention, a battery analog charging method, includes: (b1) engaging the clutch with the motor; (b2) The electronic control unit (ECU) starts the power generation engine; (b3) when the motor driver detects that the motor speed reaches the power generation speed, the motor driver will switch to the power generation mode; (b4) the potential difference between the two ends of the motor driver is higher than the The potential difference between the two ends of the simulated battery management system (BMS); (b5) the simulated charging mode of the simulated battery management system (BMS); and (b6) the AC/DC bidirectional power converter to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) , The power simulation system charges the battery simulation system.

Furthermore, like the connection relationship of the foregoing battery charge and discharge simulation system, another aspect disclosed by the present invention, a battery simulated discharge method, includes: (c1) engaging the clutch with the motor; (c2) When the electronic control unit (ECU) receives a start command, the electronic control unit (ECU) controls the motor driver to drive the motor to operate; (c3) the motor operates in an idle operation mode; (c4) the simulated battery management The system (BMS) detects a drop in the voltage value of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter; (c5) the simulated battery management system (BMS) simulated discharge mode; and (c6) the AC/DC bidirectional power converter converts alternating current ( AC) is converted to direct current (DC), and the battery simulation system discharges the power simulation system.

The above brief description of the present invention aims to provide a basic description of several aspects and technical features of the present invention. The brief description of the invention is not a detailed description of the invention, so its purpose is not to specifically list the key or important elements of the invention, nor to define the scope of the invention, but to present several concepts of the invention in a concise manner.

In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention, and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments as shown in the drawings are further described in detail below:

First, please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a battery charge and discharge simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery charge and discharge simulation system included in this embodiment includes a battery simulation system 300, an electronic control unit (ECU) 200, and a power simulation system 100. Furthermore, the battery charging and discharging simulation system described in the embodiment of the present invention simulates the operation mode of a battery through the battery simulation system 300, such as charging mode or discharging mode; together with the electronic control unit (ECU) 200, it can also be called a driving vehicle. Computer, on-board computer, it is a dedicated microcontroller for vehicles. It has the same structure as the computer, which consists of microprocessor (CPU), memory (ROM, RAM), input/output interface (I/O Interface), integrated circuit Formed by.

The function of the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 is to calculate, process, judge, and then output control commands to the information input by the gas fluid meter and various sensors according to the internal programs and data, and provide a control signal to the injector Control the injection quantity of the nozzle. The electronic control unit (ECU) 200 further includes a multi-party communication controller 60. The multi-party communication controller 60 includes a core controller and a communication controller. The core controller may be an industrial computer, a single chip, or a field Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array). It mainly plays the role of communication, through which the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 communicates with the power simulation system 100 and the battery simulation system 300 respectively. The communication controller is used to transmit a groove communication signal with the power generation engine 10 or the motor driver 50 in the power simulation system 100, and translate the signal of the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 into a signal that the power simulation system 100 can understand. On the other hand, the The communication controller also communicates bidirectionally with the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 in the battery simulation system 300 for the current battery voltage, current, temperature, and battery charge detected by the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 /Discharge mode and other information are communicated and transmitted by the communication controller of the multi-party communication controller 60.

In addition, testing a complete simulation system requires a real load. In one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment uses a power simulation system 100 as a load. The power simulation system includes a motor 30 and the motor driver 50. , A clutch 20, the power generation engine 10, and a propeller 40, the connection relationship is as follows: the motor 30 is connected to the motor driver 50, the propeller 40, and the clutch 20, the power generation engine 10 is connected to the clutch 20 to drive The motor 30 operates. The battery simulation system 300 includes an AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80, an analog battery management system (BMS) 70, and a mains 90. The connection relationship is as follows: The AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 connects the mains 90 and the Analog battery management system (BMS) 70, wherein the DC side of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 is connected to the motor driver 50, and the other side, the AC side of which is connected to the mains 90, and the connection mode is connected by a three-phase power supply (For example, a three-phase generator can generate generators with equal amplitude, equal frequency, and 120 degrees of phase difference.) One of the embodiments here is an analog battery. Therefore, a three-phase power supply is used to provide a high voltage of 380V This is the preferred embodiment.

After understanding the connection between the power simulation system 100, the electronic control unit (ECU) 200, and the battery simulation system 300, the simulated discharge of the battery and the engine speed are shown in FIG. According to the connection relationship between the foregoing systems, this embodiment can be used with FIG. 2 to illustrate a method for simulating discharge of a battery. The steps are as follows: (a1) In the power simulation system 100, the motor 30 and the clutch 20 are originally electrically connected , Now the clutch 20 is disengaged from the motor 30; (a2) When the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 receives a throttle operation command, it means that the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 may receive an external command/command, It may also come from other control signals (eg: throttle signal of vehicle or vessel, manipulator signal, accelerator signal). The electronic control unit (ECU) 200 will send a signal to start the motor driver 50 to drive the motor 30, and at the same time, also send a notification signal to the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70 motor driver 50 to start operation; (a3) the simulation The battery management system (BMS) 70 detects a voltage drop on the DC side of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 (because the motor driver 50 starts to operate, the battery simulation system 300 is required to provide energy); (a4) the simulation When the battery management system (BMS) 70 receives the notification signal of the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 and the aforementioned (a3) voltage value drops, the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 will switch to the discharge mode; (a5) is discharging In the mode, the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 sends a control signal to the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80. The AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), the battery The simulation system 300 discharges the power simulation system 100. Referring to FIG. 2, the relationship between current I and time t. When current I begins to discharge (0 to time t1), the corresponding engine revolution (Revolution Per Minute, RPM) will also start to rise (0 to time t1). When the discharge becomes stable (time t1 to time t2), the rotation speed will also become stable, and the current I and the rotation speed RPM have a corresponding relationship.

Specifically, according to the connection relationship between the foregoing systems, this embodiment can be used in conjunction with FIG. 3 to illustrate a method for simulating charging of a battery. The steps are as follows: (b1) Engage the clutch 20 and the motor 30; that is, the clutch 20 and the The motor 30 is electrically connected; (b2) The electronic control unit (ECU) 200 starts the power generation engine 10, that is, the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 can receive an external signal (such as: other sensors (sensors) Signal, throttle signal, vehicle operator signal, etc.), the external signal informs the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 that the power simulation system 100 needs to be activated, and the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 issues a control through the multi-party communication controller 60 inside A signal is given to the power generation engine 10 to start the power generation engine 10. At the same time, the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 also sends a control signal to the motor driver 50 to notify the motor driver 50 to start working; (b3) At this time, the power generation engine 10 has driven the motor 30 through the clutch 20. When the motor driver 50 detects that the rotation speed of the motor 30 slowly climbs from the low speed to the power generation speed H1, the motor driver 50 will switch to the power generation mode; (b4) The electronic control unit (ECU) 200 will issue a notification signal to the battery simulation system 300, the power simulation system 100 has started to operate as steps (b1)-(b3), and the power simulation system 100 has reached the power generation speed H1, the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70 can know through the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 that the potential difference between the two ends of the motor driver 50 is higher than that of the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70, which is the power simulation system 100 has a higher potential than the battery simulation system 300; (b5) the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70 receives the notification signal from the electronic control unit (ECU) 200, and (b4), the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70 will switch to the charging mode; (b6) In this charging mode, the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 will send a control signal to the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80, the AC/DC bidirectional power conversion The converter 80 converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), and the power simulation system 100 charges the battery simulation system 300. In reference to FIG. 3, the relationship between the rotational speed RPM and the time t, when the power generation engine starts to start climbing from a low speed slowly, when the speed (RPM) reaches the power generation speed H1 (0 to time h1), the current I will start to be positive at time h1 When the rotation speed (RPM) has exceeded the threshold value of the generator rotation speed H1, the charging current will become stable, and the rotation speed will also stabilize after reaching a maximum value.

Specifically, according to the connection relationship between the foregoing systems, this embodiment can be used with FIG. 4 to illustrate a method for simulating discharge of a battery. The steps are as follows: (c1) engage the clutch 20 and the motor 30; that is, the clutch 20 and the The motor 30 is electrically connected; (c2) When the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 receives a start command, it means that the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 may receive external commands/commands or may come from other Control signals (e.g. throttle signal, manipulator signal, accelerator signal of vehicle or ship). The electronic control unit (ECU) 200 will send a signal to start the motor driver 50 to drive the motor 30, and also send a notification signal to the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 to start the motor driver 50; (c3) when the The motor 30 is operated in an Idle Operation mode (the speed of the motor will first increase and then decrease and then tends to a stable value). Idle operation means that the engine is automatically turned off when the vehicle is idling. , When it is ready to restart, it automatically starts the engine to save fuel; (c4) the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 detects a voltage drop on the DC side of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 (when the When the motor driver 50 starts to operate, the battery simulation system 300 is required to provide energy); (c5) the simulated battery management system (BMS) 70 receives the notification signal from the electronic control unit (ECU) 200 and the aforementioned (c4) voltage value When it drops, the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 will switch to the discharge mode; (c6) In the discharge mode, the analog battery management system (BMS) 70 will send a control signal to the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80, the The AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80 converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), and the battery simulation system 300 discharges the power simulation system 100. Referring to FIG. 4, the relationship between current I and time t. When the current I starts to discharge (0 to time k1), the corresponding engine speed will also start to rise, stabilize, and then decrease. When the speed (RPM) tends to be stable (Time k1 corresponds to K1), the rotation speed K1 of the generator engine falling to idle speed will also tend to be stable, at this time, the current I and the rotation speed (RPM) are in a corresponding relationship.

Specifically, according to the connection relationship between the aforementioned systems, when the battery simulation discharge method, when the potential of the battery simulation system 300 is greater than the potential of the DC side of the motor driver 50 and the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80, The battery will simulate discharge; when the battery's simulation charging method, when the potential of the battery simulation system 300 is less than the potential of the DC side of the motor driver 50 and the AC/DC bidirectional power converter 80, the battery will simulate charging.

In one of the embodiments, the AC/DC bidirectional power converter includes: a power transformer, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. In terms of the process of converting AC power to DC power, first, the power transformer is used to reduce the high voltage of the AC power at the input end; second, the AC power is converted to pulsating DC power through the rectifier circuit; and third, the filter circuit is used , The AC component in the pulsating DC power is removed to increase the DC component; fourth, after the voltage stabilizing circuit, the negative feedback technology is used to further stabilize the rectified DC power, and finally a large-capacity capacitor outputs a stable voltage Direct current.

In one of the embodiments, the unit for measuring battery storage is kilowatt hours (kWh). The battery simulation system of this embodiment may range from 20 kWh to 200 kWh. The advantage of the battery simulation system is that during charging/discharging, the battery does not need to be replaced repeatedly to save time and cost. Take the Sun Moon Lake in Taiwan as an example. The Sun Moon Lake covers an area of about 7.93 square kilometers and has a maximum water depth of about 27 meters. If a vessel sailing on the Sun Moon Lake uses a hybrid electric-hydroelectric vessel, the battery required by the ship is about 50kWh-60kWh. As another example, the Kaohsiung Qijin Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan has a fishing port with a length of about 2600 meters and a water depth of about 6 meters. The ferry here and there needs batteries of about 100kWh-200kWh. Therefore, the battery simulation system can be applied to the ship's electric power design or other on-board systems with compound power. The parameters are adjusted through the battery simulation system to reduce the development time and cost.

However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, simple changes and modifications made according to the patent application scope and description of the present invention are still within the present invention. Covered.

100‧‧‧Power simulation system 200‧‧‧Electronic controller 300‧‧‧Battery simulation system 10‧‧‧Generation engine 20‧‧‧Clutch 30‧‧‧Motor 40‧‧‧Propeller 50‧‧‧Motor driver 60‧ ‧‧Multi-party communication controller 70‧‧‧Analog battery management system 80‧‧‧AC/DC bidirectional power converter 90‧‧‧Commercial H1‧‧‧Generation speed K1‧‧‧Idle speed t1‧‧‧Time t2 ‧‧‧ time h1‧‧‧ time k1‧‧‧ time

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging and discharging simulation system according to an embodiment of the invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of simulated discharge and engine speed of a battery according to an embodiment of the invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of simulated charging and engine speed of a battery according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of simulated discharge and engine speed of a battery according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

100‧‧‧Power simulation system

200‧‧‧Electronic controller

300‧‧‧ battery simulation system

10‧‧‧Generation engine

20‧‧‧clutch

30‧‧‧Motor

40‧‧‧Propeller

50‧‧‧Motor driver

60‧‧‧Multi-party communication controller

70‧‧‧ Analog battery management system

80‧‧‧AC/DC bidirectional power converter

90‧‧‧ City power

Claims (8)

A battery charge and discharge simulation system includes: a battery simulation system including an AC/DC bidirectional power converter, an analog battery management system (BMS), and a mains power supply, wherein the AC/DC bidirectional power converter and the Mains connection; a power simulation system, including a motor drive, a motor, a clutch, a power generation engine and a propeller, the motor is connected to the motor drive and the clutch, the motor is further connected to the propeller, the clutch and the power generation engine The motor driver is connected to the AC/DC bidirectional power converter; wherein, the analog battery management system (BMS) is used to control the charging mode or the discharge mode of the battery analog system, and the AC/DC bidirectional power supply is respectively connected Converter and an electronic control unit (ECU); wherein, the electronic control unit (ECU) is used to collect the signals of the sensors for calculation and comparison, and is used to control the power generation engine and the motor driver respectively; wherein, The electronic control unit (ECU) further includes a multi-party communication controller for receiving a current data and a voltage data required by the battery simulation system. According to the battery charging and discharging simulation system of claim 1, the AC/DC bidirectional power converter has an AC side and a DC side, the AC side is connected to the commercial power, and the DC side is connected to the motor driver. According to the battery charging and discharging simulation system of claim 1, the AC/DC bidirectional power converter includes: a power transformer, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The battery charging and discharging simulation system as described in claim 1, when the power simulation system operates in a pure electric mode: The clutch is in an open circuit. The battery simulation system simulates a battery supplying power to the motor. The simulated battery management system (BMS) controls power transmission through the AC/DC bidirectional power converter. According to the battery charge and discharge simulation system of claim 1, when the power simulation system is operated in a hybrid power mode (Hybrid power mode): the clutch is in a conducting state, and the power generation engine drives the motor through the clutch, The motor rotates the propeller; when the power generation engine generates more power than the motor requires, the power will charge the battery simulation system through the motor driver. A method for simulating discharge of a battery, executed by the battery charge and discharge simulation system described in claim 1, including: (a1) disengaging the clutch from the motor; (a2) the electronic control unit (ECU) receives an accelerator operation command When starting the motor driver to drive the motor; (a3) the analog battery management system (BMS) detects a voltage drop of the AC/DC bidirectional power converter; (a4) the analog battery management system (BMS) simulates discharge Mode; and (a5) the AC/DC bidirectional power converter converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), and the battery simulation system discharges the power simulation system. A simulation charging method of a battery, which is executed by the battery charging and discharging simulation system described in claim 1, includes: (b1) engaging the clutch with the motor; (b2) the electronic control unit (ECU) starting the power generation engine; (b3) When the motor driver detects that the motor speed reaches the power generation speed, the motor driver will switch to the power generation mode; (b4) The potential difference between the two ends of the motor driver is higher than that of the analog battery management system (BMS); (b5) The simulated battery management system (BMS) simulated charging mode; and (b6) the AC/DC bidirectional power converter converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), and the power simulation system charges the battery simulation system. A battery simulation discharge method executed by the battery charge and discharge simulation system described in claim 1 includes: (c1) engaging the clutch with the motor; (c2) when the electronic control unit (ECU) receives a start command, the The electronic control unit (ECU) controls the motor driver to drive the motor; (c3) the motor operates in the Idle Operation mode; (c4) the analog battery management system (BMS) detects the AC/DC bidirectional power supply The voltage value of the converter drops; (c5) the simulated battery management system (BMS) simulated discharge mode; and (c6) the AC/DC bidirectional power converter converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), the battery simulation system Discharge the power simulation system.

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