JP2009106059A - Battery simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery simulator that simulates characteristics similar to those of an actual battery without measuring battery characteristics under various operation conditions. <P>SOLUTION: A simulation calculation part 23 stores a value obtained by integrating a battery charge/discharge capacity and a battery charging/discharging power capacity on the basis of measurement values of a battery input/output current and a battery input/output voltage, in a charge/discharge history storage part 25. The simulation calculation part calculates a correction value, in which a voltage change shown by an actual battery is simulated, from the values stored in the charge/discharge history storage part and battery characteristics. The simulation calculation part corrects a setting value, set by an output voltage setting part 21, with the correction value so as to control an output voltage of a power converter 10. Further, the simulation calculation part executes correction control in which changes in battery output voltage, changes in charge/discharge capacity, and changes or the like in charging/discharging efficiency are simulated according to a battery temperature, a charging state, and secular changes or the like that are set in a condition setting part 24. The simulation calculation part generates an alarm from an alarm generating part 28 when each value deviates from an operating range such as a charge/discharge upper limit value set in a battery. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery simulator that supplies a DC output simulating a battery from a power converter replaced with a battery to the power converter for testing a power converter using a battery as a DC power source.

  In an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, etc., an inverter using a battery as a power source has been developed and verified.

  In an actual device such as an electric vehicle, a direct current is supplied to the inverter by a battery. However, when developing and verifying the inverter, there is a problem in using the actual battery for the following reasons.

  -At the start of verification, it takes time because the battery must be charged and discharged so as to be in an assumed state.

  ・ Characteristics of batteries vary depending on temperature, aging, and individual differences, so test reproducibility is poor. In addition, it is not possible to verify that the battery has changed over time.

  Because of the above reasons, it is difficult to use an actual battery for the development and verification of an inverter. Therefore, a bidirectional power conversion device that can convert power in both directions of alternating current and direct current as a battery simulation device (battery simulator) Is used.

  This device converts power from an AC power source to DC and supplies (drives) it to the inverter, or converts regenerative power from the inverter load (motor) into DC by the inverter, converts this DC power to AC and converts it to AC. It can be returned to power (regeneration). Bidirectional power converters having these functions require control that simulates the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery.

  In order to obtain this simulation characteristic, for example, a battery simulator has been proposed in which the drooping characteristic of a battery is automatically measured by charging and discharging an actual battery, and the bidirectional power converter is controlled based on this measurement data. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Further, a method has been proposed in which a value corresponding to the output current of the battery is calculated from the output voltage of the load of the battery simulator, and the internal voltage drop value of the battery is measured from this current (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP-A-10-144355 JP-A-11-64462

  A conventional battery simulator can perform charge / discharge control that simulates the direct current voltage / current of an actual battery, and control that simulates drooping characteristics and an internal voltage drop.

  However, development and verification of power converters such as inverters require a battery simulator with simulation characteristics including battery temperature, charge state, aging, etc. as described above. There was nothing to have.

  As a battery simulator having such a simulation characteristic, as in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, an actual battery is used to measure the conditions such as temperature, state of charge, aging, etc. It is assumed that it is set as a parameter, but in this measurement and setting, a huge amount of input / output voltage and current are measured and set so as to have the expected battery characteristics each time. It becomes complicated and complicated.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a battery simulator that can simulate the characteristics equivalent to those of an actual battery without requiring measurement of battery characteristics under various operating conditions.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention measures the charge / discharge capacity and charge / discharge power capacity of a battery and determines the integrated value thereof, and the voltage exhibited by the actual battery from the integrated value of the charge / discharge capacity and power and the battery characteristics. Obtain a correction value that simulates the change, obtain an input / output voltage that simulates the battery in the power converter with this correction value, and adjust the output voltage of the battery according to the battery temperature, charge state, aging, etc. The correction control which simulates the change, the change of charge / discharge capacity, the change of charge / discharge efficiency, etc., and the limit of the charge / discharge operation of the battery such as the upper limit value of the charge of the battery, etc. were monitored. An alarm is sometimes generated and has the following configuration.

(1) A battery simulator that supplies a DC output simulating a battery from a power converter replaced with a battery to the power converter for testing a power converter using a battery as a DC power source,
The power converter control device comprises:
The charge / discharge capacity and charge / discharge power of the power converter are integrated from the measured values of the input / output current and voltage of the power converter, and a correction that simulates the voltage change of the actual battery from these integrated values and battery characteristics A voltage control means is provided for obtaining a value, correcting the output voltage set value of the power converter with the correction value, and obtaining an output voltage simulating a battery in the power converter.

  (2) The control device is set with conditions such as battery temperature, state of charge, aging, etc., and according to the set values, changes in battery output voltage, changes in charge / discharge capacity, and changes in charge / discharge efficiency are simulated. The correction control means for obtaining the corrected value and correcting the correction value of the voltage control means with the correction value is provided.

  (3) The control device includes a warning control unit that monitors restrictions on a charging / discharging operation of the battery and generates an alarm when the operation range is exceeded.

  (4) The voltage control means includes a calculation means for obtaining the correction value based on a charge / discharge current-voltage characteristic simulating a stepwise voltage change at a battery charging / discharging switching point (± 0). It is characterized by.

  (5) The voltage control means includes a calculation means for obtaining the correction value based on a charge capacity-voltage characteristic simulating a voltage change according to a current charge capacity.

  (6) The correction control means includes a calculation means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a temperature-charge capacity characteristic simulating the charge capacity with respect to the current battery temperature.

  (7) The correction control means is an arithmetic means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an aging-charge capacity upper limit characteristic simulating a charge capacity upper limit value due to battery aging, or charging power due to battery aging An arithmetic means for correcting the charging power capacity of the voltage control means based on the aging-charging power capacity upper limit characteristic simulating the capacity upper limit value is provided.

  (8) The correction control means is a computing means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an operation time-charge capacity upper limit value characteristic simulating the charge capacity upper limit value according to the battery operation time, or the battery operation time. And a calculating means for correcting the charging power capacity of the voltage control means on the basis of the operation time-charging power capacity upper limit characteristic simulating the charging power capacity upper limit value according to the above.

  (9) The correction control means is an arithmetic means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a temperature-charge capacity efficiency characteristic simulating charge / discharge efficiency according to battery temperature, or a charge power capacity according to battery temperature An arithmetic means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charging power capacity of the voltage control means based on a temperature-charging power capacity efficiency characteristic simulating efficiency is provided.

  (10) The correction control means is a calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge capacity-charge / discharge efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency of the current battery charge capacity, or battery charge And a calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge power capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge power capacity-charge / discharge efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency by the power capacity.

  (11) The correction control means is a calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an aging-charge capacity efficiency characteristic simulating the charge capacity efficiency over time of the battery, or charging over time of the battery A calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge power capacity of the voltage control means based on an aged-charge power capacity efficiency characteristic simulating power capacity efficiency is provided.

  (12) The correction control means corrects the integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge / discharge current-charge / discharge efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency by the current charge / discharge current of the battery, Or a calculation means for correcting the integration coefficient of the charge power capacity of the voltage control means based on the charge / discharge current-charge / discharge power capacity efficiency characteristics simulating the charge / discharge power capacity efficiency by the current charge / discharge current of the battery. It is characterized by.

  (13) The alarm control means includes a calculation means for generating an alarm when the charge capacity of the battery or the integrated value thereof, or the charge power capacity or the integrated value thereof exceeds the respective upper limit values. .

  (14) The alarm control means calculates the charge capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on a temperature-allowable charge capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charge capacity or the integrated value depending on the battery temperature. Or an arithmetic means for correcting the charging power capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on a temperature-allowable charging power capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charging power capacity depending on the battery temperature or the integrated value thereof. It is characterized by that.

  (15) The alarm control unit corrects the charge capacity of the voltage control unit or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on an aging-allowable charge capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charge capacity or the integrated value of the battery over time. Calculation means, or calculation means for correcting the charging power capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on the aging-allowable charging power capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charging power capacity or the integrated value of the battery over time It is provided with.

  (16) The alarm control means includes a calculation means for generating an alarm when the integrated value of the charge / discharge capacity of the battery exceeds a heat generation / overheat value allowed for the battery.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the charge / discharge capacity and charge / discharge power capacity of the battery are measured and their integrated values are obtained, and the voltage change exhibited by the actual battery is calculated from the integrated values of the charge / discharge capacity and power and the battery characteristics. Obtain a simulated correction value, obtain an input / output voltage that simulates the battery in the power converter with this correction value, change the output voltage of the battery according to the battery temperature, charge state, aging, etc. Since correction control that simulates changes in charge / discharge capacity, changes in charge / discharge efficiency, and the like is performed, measurement of battery characteristics under various operating conditions is unnecessary, and characteristics equivalent to those of an actual battery can be simulated.

  In addition, since the battery charging / discharging operation restrictions such as the charging upper limit value of the battery are monitored and an alarm is generated when the operation range is deviated, monitoring of actual battery behavior can be performed.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a battery simulator showing an embodiment of the present invention. The bidirectional power converter 10 obtains a DC input / output simulating an actual battery using the AC power supply AC as a power supply, and absorbs power supplied to the inverter INV to be developed and verified and regenerative power from the inverter INV. The regenerative power from the inverter INV is generated by the braking operation of the motor M, and is regenerated to the AC power source AC by the reverse conversion of the power converter 10.

  The control device of the power converter 10 includes an output (rated) voltage setting unit 21, a coefficient calculation unit 22, a simulation calculation unit 23, a condition setting unit 24, a charge / discharge history storage unit 25, a current detection unit 26, a voltage detection unit 27, and The alarm generating unit 28 is configured to control the power converter 10 so as to have input / output current and voltage characteristics simulating an actual battery. This control device has a computer configuration for digital processing, and the arithmetic units 22 and 23 are configured by software using computer resources.

  The control device basically takes the battery input / output current and voltage measurement values obtained by the current detection unit 26 and the voltage detection unit 27 into the simulation calculation unit 23 to charge / discharge capacity and charge / discharge power capacity of the battery and their integration. The value is stored as a current value in the charge / discharge history storage unit 25, and the simulation calculation unit 23 calculates a correction value that simulates the voltage change exhibited by the actual battery from the charge / discharge capacity, the power capacity, their integrated value, and the battery characteristics. Then, the set value by the output voltage setting unit 21 is corrected with this correction value to obtain an input / output voltage that simulates a battery in the output voltage of the power converter 10. Further, the simulation calculation unit 23 performs a change in the output voltage of the battery, a change in the charge / discharge capacity, a change in the charge / discharge efficiency, etc. according to the temperature, charge state, aging, etc. of the battery set in the condition setting unit 24. Simulate correction control. Furthermore, the simulation calculation unit 23 monitors battery charging / discharging operation restrictions such as a charging upper limit value of the battery, and generates an alarm from the alarm generation unit 28 when the operation range is exceeded.

  Hereinafter, calculation and control simulating the state of the battery will be described in detail. The power converter 10 is hereinafter referred to as BTS10.

(1) Accumulation of charge / discharge capacity The simulation calculation unit 23 integrates the capacity (the amount of electricity to be charged) charged / discharged by the power converter 10 simulating a battery by integrating the current / voltage of charge / discharge. The integrated value is used as the current charge / discharge capacity (current value capacity) of the simulated battery.

  This calculation is performed by the calculation units 31A and 31B shown in FIGS. The calculation unit 31A is a case where only the current is accumulated as the capacity, and obtains the charging current capacity Ah obtained by integrating the detection value I detected by the current detection unit 6. The calculation unit 31B is a case where power is accumulated as a capacity, and a charging power capacity Wh obtained by integrating the product (I × V) of the detection value I detected by the current detection unit 6 and the detection value V detected by the voltage detection unit 27. Ask for.

  Since the current simulates a battery, the direction flowing into the BTS 10 is treated as plus as a charging current, and the direction flowing out from the BTS is treated as minus as a discharging current. The same applies hereinafter.

(2) Accumulation of charge / discharge capacity from current value The simulation calculation unit 23 sets the initial charge state of the battery at the start of the test, and integrates the charge / discharge capacity from this state. The initial charge state is set by setting the current value capacity stored in the charge / discharge history storage unit 25, and adding / subtracting the charge / discharge capacity to / from the current value to charge the simulated battery (charged electric charge). Ask for.

  This calculation is performed by the calculation units 32A and 32B and the current value setting units 33A and 33B shown in FIGS. The current value setting units 33A and 33B set the capacity values Ah1 and Wh1 obtained by the calculation units 31A and 31B as current values, thereby setting the current charge state of the battery until the previous test. Arithmetic units 32A and 32B obtain the charge / discharge capacity from the current values Ah1 and Wh1, and the integrated value of current detection value I and voltage detection value V.

(3) Output voltage control at charging / discharging switching point The battery changes its voltage depending on the current during charging and discharging. The charge / discharge current-voltage characteristics of the battery are not sufficient to simulate the linear charge / discharge current-voltage characteristics of the current that simulates the internal resistance because the battery charges and discharges by chemical reaction. With step change of voltage at the switching point (± 0).

  In order to simulate this, as shown in FIG. 4, the calculation unit 34 included in the simulation calculation unit 23 creates charge / discharge current-voltage characteristic table data simulating stepwise voltage changes. Based on the current charging / discharging current, a correction coefficient corresponding to the current charging / discharging current is given to the coefficient calculation unit 22, and the output voltage is controlled by multiplying this correction coefficient by the output voltage setting value.

  Instead of the above table data, an equivalent correction coefficient may be obtained using a function calculation function. Similarly, a function calculation function may be used instead of the table data described in the following description.

(4) Output voltage control by charging capacity The output voltage of the battery varies depending on the charged capacity (current charging capacity). In order to simulate this, as shown in FIG. 5, the calculation unit 35 included in the simulation calculation unit 23 creates table data of charge capacity-voltage characteristics simulating voltage change according to the current charge capacity, Based on this data, a correction coefficient corresponding to the charge capacity is given to the coefficient calculation unit 22, and the output voltage set value is controlled by this correction coefficient. The charge capacity setting unit 36 obtains the current charge capacity of the battery and inputs it to the calculation unit 35. The charge capacity setting value is obtained by the calculation units 32A and 32B or is an initially set value. .

(5) Output voltage correction control by charging capacity and temperature setting A battery charged to a certain capacity is charged / discharged by a chemical reaction, so even if it is not charged / discharged, only the temperature of the battery changes. The charged capacity (the amount of power that can be charged and discharged) differs. The change in the charged capacity appears as an increase / decrease in battery voltage when charging / discharging.

  In order to simulate this, as shown in FIG. 6, the calculation unit 37 included in the simulation calculation unit 23 corrects the change in the charge capacity due to the temperature. 6 adds a calculation unit 37 and a battery temperature setting unit 38 to the configuration of FIG. 5, and creates table data of temperature-charge capacity correction coefficient simulating the charge capacity with respect to the current battery temperature. In addition, a charging capacity correction coefficient is obtained according to the battery temperature setting by the battery temperature setting section 38 provided in the condition setting section 24, and the setting value of the charging capacity setting section 36 is corrected with this correction coefficient.

(6) Output Voltage Correction Control by Charging Capacity and Temperature Measurement In the above-described correction control of FIG. 6, the charging capacity is corrected according to the set value of the battery temperature, so the difference between the set value and the actual battery temperature is large. And accuracy may be reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a battery temperature detector 39 is provided instead of the battery temperature setting unit 38, and the charge capacity is corrected by the calculation unit 37 based on the current battery temperature detection value.

  The battery temperature detector 39 detects the temperature outside the BTS 10 (for example, an environment in which an actual battery is installed).

(7) Charging capacity upper limit correction control The battery has a charge capacity upper limit value that can be charged, and even if it is charged beyond that capacity, the leakage current increases and charging cannot be performed. In this case, the charge capacity integration shown in FIG. 3 and the set value of the charge capacity setting unit 36 in FIGS. 5 to 7 are different from actual values, and an error is caused in the simulation characteristics.

  In order to correct the change in the charge capacity due to the charge capacity upper limit value, as shown in FIG. 8, instead of the operation parts 32A and 32B in FIG. 3, operation parts 40A and 40B limited by the charge capacity limit value are provided. The limitation by these arithmetic units 40A and 40B is limited to set values (constant values) Ah1 and Wh1 when the integrated value is equal to or higher than the upper limit values Ahmax and Whmax.

  Similarly, it is assumed that the set value in the charge capacity setting unit 36 in FIGS. 5 to 7 has characteristics limited by the charge capacity upper limit value.

  Further, the upper limit value of the chargeable capacity of the battery changes with time. In order to simulate the change in the charge capacity upper limit due to aging, the charge current capacity upper limit Ahmax set in the calculation unit 40A in FIG. 8A is corrected according to aging. As shown in FIG. 9, in this correction calculation, table data of the battery age-charging current capacity upper limit correction coefficient is created in the calculation unit 41A, and the upper limit is set according to the battery age setting by the age setting unit 42A. A value correction coefficient is obtained, and the set value of the charging current capacity upper limit setting unit 43A is corrected by this correction coefficient.

  Similarly, in order to correct the charging current capacity upper limit value Whmax set in the calculation unit 40B in FIG. 8B according to the aging, as shown in FIG. 10, the calculation unit 41B includes the battery aging-charging power capacity. Table data of the upper limit correction coefficient is created, an upper limit correction coefficient is obtained according to the battery age setting by the age setting unit 42B, and the set value of the charging power capacity upper limit setting unit 43B is corrected by this correction coefficient.

(8) Correction Control of Charging Capacity Upper Limit Value Based on Operating Time Instead of correcting the charging capacity upper limit value due to the above-mentioned aging, the charging capacity upper limit value in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 is corrected according to the operating time of the battery.

  The operation time at this time can be obtained by actually measuring the operation time of the power converter 10. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, it is also possible to perform control with an acceleration time obtained by multiplying an actual driving time measurement value by an acceleration coefficient.

(9) Charge / Discharge Capacity / Power Capacity Correction Control Based on Temperature-Charge / Discharge Efficiency The battery has different charge / discharge efficiency depending on the temperature, and the charge / discharge efficiency may differ depending on whether the battery is charged or discharged. This charge / discharge efficiency causes an error in the integration of the charge / discharge capacity of the battery.

  In order to correct the change in the charge / discharge capacity in accordance with the change in the charge / discharge efficiency, as shown in FIG. 12, charging is performed by calculation including the charging current efficiency K instead of the calculation unit 32A in FIG. A calculation unit 44A for obtaining the current capacity is provided, and a calculation unit 45A for correcting the charging current efficiency K according to the battery temperature is provided.

  A battery temperature is set or measured by the temperature setting unit 46A, and a temperature-charging efficiency correction coefficient for the battery temperature is created as table data in the calculation unit 45A, and the charging current efficiency setting unit 47A uses this coefficient as a table data. Correct the set value. If the coefficients are different between charging and discharging, the respective correction coefficient tables are used.

  FIG. 13 shows a calculation unit 44B that obtains the charging power capacity by calculation including the charging current efficiency K instead of the calculation unit 32B in FIG. 3B, and this charging current efficiency K is a temperature-charging efficiency relative to the battery temperature. A calculation unit 45B that corrects the correction power according to the correction coefficient is provided to correct the charging power efficiency setting value according to the battery temperature.

(10) Charging / discharging capacity / power capacity correction control based on charging capacity-charging / discharging efficiency The charging / discharging efficiency of a battery varies depending on the current charging capacity. For example, even when a charging current is further supplied in a state where the rated capacity is charged (full charge), this current becomes a leakage current, and is not accumulated in the charging capacity, but generates heat.

  In order to correct the change in the charge / discharge capacity in accordance with the change in the charge / discharge efficiency, as shown in FIG. 14, the charge current efficiency K (Ah) is included instead of the calculation unit 32A in FIG. A calculation unit 48A that calculates the charging current capacity by calculation is provided, and a calculation unit 49A that corrects the charging current efficiency K (Ah) according to the current charging capacity is provided.

  The calculation unit 49A receives the current charging capacity from the calculation unit 48A, creates a charging current efficiency correction coefficient corresponding to the charging capacity as table data, and uses this coefficient to set a value set in the charging current efficiency setting unit 47A. Correct. If the coefficients are different between charging and discharging, the respective correction coefficient tables are used.

  FIG. 15 shows a calculation unit 48B that obtains the charging power capacity by calculation including the charging current efficiency K (Wh) instead of the calculation unit 32B in FIG. 3B, and this charging current efficiency K (Wh) is charged. A calculation unit 49B for correcting according to the capacity is provided, and the charging power efficiency setting value is corrected according to the charging capacity.

(11) Aging / Charging / Discharging Capacity / Power Capacity Correction Control Based on Aging / Charging / Discharging Efficiency Battery has different charging / discharging efficiency depending on aging. This charge / discharge efficiency causes an error in the integration of the charge / discharge capacity of the battery.

  In order to correct the change in the charge / discharge capacity in accordance with the change in the charge / discharge efficiency, as shown in FIG. 16, charging is performed by calculation including the charge current efficiency K instead of the calculation unit 32A in FIG. The calculation unit 50A for obtaining the current capacity is provided, and a calculation unit 51A for correcting the charging current efficiency K according to the aging of the battery is provided.

  The calculation unit 51A receives the aging from the aging setting unit 52A to the present, creates a charging current efficiency correction coefficient corresponding to the aging as table data, and sets the value of the charging current efficiency setting unit 47A using this coefficient. Correct.

  FIG. 17 replaces the calculation unit 32B in FIG. 3 with a calculation unit 50B that calculates the charge power capacity by calculation including the charge current efficiency K, and a calculation unit 51B that corrects this charge current efficiency K according to the aging of the battery. The charging power efficiency setting value is corrected according to aging.

(12) Charging / Discharging Current / Charging / Discharging Capacity / Power Capacity Correction Control According to Charging / Discharging Current Battery The charging / discharging efficiency differs depending on the current charging / discharging current, and the charging / discharging efficiency differs depending on whether charging or discharging. This charge / discharge efficiency causes an error in the integration of the charge / discharge capacity of the battery.

  In order to correct the change in the charge / discharge capacity in accordance with the change in the charge / discharge efficiency, the charging current efficiency K (I) is included instead of the calculation unit 32A in FIG. 3 (a) as shown in FIG. A calculation unit 53A that calculates the charging current capacity by calculation is provided, and a calculation unit 54A that corrects the charging current efficiency K (I) according to the current charge / discharge current is provided.

  The current charging / discharging current I used in the calculation unit 53A is input to the calculation unit 54A, a charging current efficiency correction coefficient corresponding to the current I is created as table data, and the charge current efficiency setting unit is calculated using this coefficient. The set value of 47A is corrected.

  Note that the same can be provided for the calculation of the charging power capacity Wh in FIG.

(13) Charging capacity / power capacity excess alarm control If the battery is charged to its rated capacity and a charging current is passed further, this current becomes a leakage current, which generates a dangerous state due to heat generation and overheating. However, in the BTS 10, regenerative power is regenerated infinitely to the power supply AC side, so that it does not generate heat unlike an actual battery.

  As a measure for protecting the charging capacity from being exceeded, the arithmetic units 31A, 31B, 32A, and 32B shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 monitor the charging capacity / power capacity or their integrated values as shown in FIG. An alarm is generated from the alarm generation unit 28 when these values exceed the allowable upper limit.

(14) Alarm control of charge capacity / power capacity depending on temperature The charge capacity / power capacity allowed for the battery varies depending on the temperature. For this reason, if the criterion for excess determination in the arithmetic units 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B is fixed, an error occurs between the charge capacity / power capacity allowed for the actual battery.

  In order to correct the change in the allowable charge capacity / power capacity excess due to this temperature, as shown in FIG. 20, the current battery temperature is input from the battery temperature setting unit 56 to the calculation unit 55, as shown in FIG. 20. A temperature-allowable charge capacity correction coefficient for the battery temperature is created as table data, and the set value of the allowable charge capacity alarm output basic setting unit 57 is corrected with this coefficient to obtain an allowable charge capacity alarm output set value.

  It should be noted that the battery temperature can be set as a measured value instead of the setting by the setting unit 56 at the battery installation position.

(15) Charging capacity / power capacity alarm control due to secular change The charging capacity / power capacity allowed for the battery varies with secular change. For this reason, if the charging capacity / power capacity excess determination criterion in the arithmetic units 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B is fixed, an error occurs between the charging capacity / power capacity allowed for the actual battery. .

  In order to correct the change in the allowable charge capacity / power capacity excess due to this temperature, as shown in FIG. 21 for the case of the allowable charge capacity, the calculation unit 58 receives the number of years from the aging setting unit 59 to the present, An aged-tolerable charge capacity correction coefficient corresponding to this age is created as table data, and the set value of the allowable charge capacity alarm output basic setting unit 57 is corrected with this coefficient to obtain an allowable charge capacity alarm output set value.

  The age at this time can be obtained by actually measuring the operation time of the power converter 10. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 22, it is also possible to perform control with an acceleration time obtained by multiplying an actual driving time measurement value by an acceleration coefficient.

(16) Alarm control by heat generation / overheating The battery generates heat by charging / discharging. In general, charging is an endothermic reaction, and discharging is an exothermic reaction. In an actual battery, if charging and discharging are repeated frequently, the battery will generate heat and overheat, resulting in a dangerous state. However, since the BTS 10 is regeneratively controlled to the AC power supply AC side, it does not generate heat or overheat similar to a battery.

  As a measure for protecting the battery from heat generation and overheating, charge / discharge current detection values are integrated, and an alarm is output from the alarm generation unit 28 when this value exceeds the heat generation / overheat value allowed for the battery.

  The calculation unit 60 of FIG. 23 creates and detects a charge / discharge current-heat generation table for obtaining a heat generation amount coefficient Ch determined by integration of the charge / discharge current I with the heat generation coefficient C (I) of the battery as a coefficient. The calorific value is obtained from the integrated value of the charge / discharge current I. The heat generation determination unit 61 issues an alarm when the heat generation amount obtained by the calculation unit 60 exceeds the set value Cmax.

(17) Combined control The correction control or warning control described above is a combination of a plurality of controls. For example, the output voltage correction control at the time of charging / discharging shown in FIG. 4 and the output voltage correction control by the charging capacity shown in FIG. 5 are combined.

  This example is shown in FIG. 24, and the calculation unit 62 creates an output voltage correction coefficient table that simulates the battery voltage based on the output current I and the charging current capacity Ah obtained by integrating the output current I. Control the set value.

The block diagram of the battery simulator which shows embodiment of this invention. Calculation of charge / discharge capacity / power capacity. Integration calculation of charge / discharge capacity / power capacity. Output voltage control at charging / discharging switching point. Output voltage control by charge capacity. Output voltage correction control by charging capacity and temperature setting. Output voltage correction control by charging capacity and temperature measurement. Charging capacity / power capacity upper limit correction control. Correction control of charging capacity upper limit over time. Correction control of power capacity upper limit over time. Correction control of the charging capacity upper limit value according to the operation time. Charge-capacity correction control based on temperature-charge / discharge efficiency. Power capacity correction control based on temperature-charge / discharge efficiency. Charge capacity-Correction control of charge capacity by charge / discharge efficiency. Charge capacity-Power capacity correction control by charge / discharge efficiency. Aging-Charge capacity correction control by charge / discharge efficiency. Aging-Power capacity correction control by charge / discharge efficiency. Charge capacity correction control by charge / discharge current-charge / discharge efficiency. Alarm control over charge capacity. Alarm control of allowable charge capacity by temperature. Alarm control of allowable charge capacity due to aging. Alarm control of allowable power capacity due to aging. Alarm control by heat generation and overheating. Compound control.

Explanation of symbols

10 Bidirectional power converter (BTS)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Output voltage setting part 22 Coefficient calculating part 23 Simulation calculating part 24 Condition setting part 25 Charging / discharging log | history storage part 26 Current detection part 27 Voltage detection part 28 Alarm generation part

Claims (16)

A battery simulator that supplies a DC output simulating a battery from a power converter replaced with a battery to the power converter for testing a power converter using a battery as a DC power source,
The power converter control device comprises:
The charge / discharge capacity and charge / discharge power of the power converter are integrated from the measured values of the input / output current and voltage of the power converter, and a correction that simulates the voltage change of the actual battery from these integrated values and battery characteristics A battery simulator comprising voltage control means for obtaining a value and correcting an output voltage set value of the power converter with the correction value to obtain an output voltage simulating a battery in the power converter.   The control device is set with conditions such as battery temperature, state of charge, aging, etc., and in accordance with this set value, a correction value that simulates a change in battery output voltage, a change in charge / discharge capacity, and a change in charge / discharge efficiency The battery simulator according to claim 1, further comprising a correction control unit that calculates the correction value of the voltage control unit with the correction value.   2. The battery simulator according to claim 1, wherein the control device includes a warning control unit that monitors a restriction on a charging / discharging operation of the battery and generates a warning when the operation range is exceeded.   The voltage control means includes a calculation means for obtaining the correction value based on a charge / discharge current-voltage characteristic simulating a stepwise voltage change at a battery charge / discharge switching point (± 0). The battery simulator according to claim 1.   2. The battery simulator according to claim 1, wherein the voltage control means includes a calculation means for obtaining the correction value based on a charge capacity-voltage characteristic simulating a voltage change according to a current charge capacity.   The said correction control means is provided with the calculating means which correct | amends the charge capacity of the said voltage control means based on the temperature-charge capacity characteristic which simulated the charge capacity with respect to the present battery temperature. Battery simulator.   The correction control means is a computing means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an aging-charge capacity upper limit characteristic simulating the charge capacity upper limit value due to battery aging, or the charge power capacity upper limit value due to battery aging The battery simulator according to claim 2, further comprising a calculation unit that corrects the charging power capacity of the voltage control unit based on an aged-charging power capacity upper limit value characteristic that simulates the above.   The correction control means is a calculation means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an operation time-charge capacity upper limit value characteristic simulating the charge capacity upper limit value according to the battery operation time, or charging power according to the battery operation time. 3. The battery simulator according to claim 2, further comprising a calculation unit that corrects a charging power capacity of the voltage control unit based on an operating time-charging power capacity upper limit value characteristic that simulates a capacity upper limit value.   The correction control means is a calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a temperature-charge capacity efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency according to the battery temperature, or a charge power capacity efficiency due to the battery temperature. 3. The battery simulator according to claim 2, further comprising a calculation unit that corrects an integration coefficient of the charging power capacity of the voltage control unit based on the temperature-charging power capacity efficiency characteristic.   The correction control means is a calculation means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge capacity-charge / discharge efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency of the current battery charge capacity, or a battery charge power capacity 3. The battery simulator according to claim 2, further comprising a calculation unit that corrects an integration coefficient of the charging power capacity of the voltage control unit based on a charging power capacity-charging / discharging efficiency characteristic that simulates charging / discharging efficiency.   The correction control means is an arithmetic means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on an aging-charge capacity efficiency characteristic simulating the charge capacity efficiency due to battery aging, or a charge power capacity efficiency due to battery aging The battery simulator according to claim 2, further comprising a calculation unit that corrects an integration coefficient of the charging power capacity of the voltage control unit based on an aging-charging power capacity efficiency characteristic that simulates the above.   The correction control means is a computing means for correcting an integration coefficient of the charge capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge / discharge current-charge / discharge efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge efficiency by the current charge / discharge current of the battery, or A calculation means for correcting the integration coefficient of the charge power capacity of the voltage control means based on a charge / discharge current-charge / discharge power capacity efficiency characteristic simulating the charge / discharge power capacity efficiency by the current charge / discharge current is provided. The battery simulator according to claim 2.   The said alarm control means is provided with the calculating means which generate | occur | produces an alarm, when charge capacity of a battery or its integration value, or charge power capacity or its integration value exceeds each upper limit. The battery simulator described in 1.   The alarm control means is an arithmetic means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on a temperature-allowable charge capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charge capacity or the integrated value depending on the battery temperature, or Comprising arithmetic means for correcting the charging power capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on the temperature-allowable charging power capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charging power capacity depending on the battery temperature or the integrated value thereof The battery simulator according to claim 3.   The alarm control means is an arithmetic means for correcting the charge capacity of the voltage control means or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on an aged-allowable charge capacity characteristic simulating the allowable charge capacity or the integrated value of the battery over time, Or an arithmetic unit that corrects the charging power capacity of the voltage control unit or the upper limit value of the integrated value based on an aging-allowable charging power capacity characteristic that simulates the allowable charging power capacity or the integrated value of the battery over time. The battery simulator according to claim 3.   4. The battery according to claim 3, wherein the alarm control unit includes a calculation unit that generates an alarm when the integrated value of the charge / discharge capacity of the battery exceeds a heat generation / overheat value allowed for the battery. Simulator.

Images