TWI686035B - Motor structure capable of effectively changing length of magnetic path - Google Patents
Motor structure capable of effectively changing length of magnetic path Download PDFInfo
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- TWI686035B TWI686035B TW107103743A TW107103743A TWI686035B TW I686035 B TWI686035 B TW I686035B TW 107103743 A TW107103743 A TW 107103743A TW 107103743 A TW107103743 A TW 107103743A TW I686035 B TWI686035 B TW I686035B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種馬達結構,特別是一種能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構。The invention relates to a motor structure, especially a motor structure which can effectively change the magnetic circuit length.
一般而言,若欲改變馬達的出力,則需在載具(如汽車、機車、電動車、船舶、直昇機、飛機及其它各式載具)中安裝變速箱,然而,變速箱的價格高昂,且會佔去額外的空間,如此載具的成本則會提高,且體積也會大幅增加。Generally speaking, if you want to change the output of the motor, you need to install a gearbox in the vehicle (such as cars, locomotives, electric vehicles, ships, helicopters, aircraft and other various vehicles), however, the price of the gearbox is high, And it will take up extra space, so the cost of the vehicle will increase, and the volume will also increase significantly.
請參閱第1圖,係為習知技藝之直流無刷馬達結構之示意圖。如第1圖所示,馬達1可包含定子11、轉子12、後端蓋13、轉軸14。定子11包含複數個定子齒及複數個定子線圈112。轉子12包含複數個磁鐵121。Please refer to FIG. 1 for a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional brushless DC motor. As shown in FIG. 1, the
然而,由上述的結構可明顯看出,馬達1的設計並沒有可以改變出力的機制,故若使用馬達1的載具(欲改變其扭出力,則需在此載具中安裝變速箱,然而,變速箱的價格高昂,且會佔去額外的空間,如此載具的成本則會提高,且體積也會大幅增加。However, it is obvious from the above structure that the design of the
因此,如何提出一種馬達結構,能夠有效改善習知技藝之馬達需配合變速箱來改變其出力的情況已成為一個刻不容緩的問題。Therefore, how to propose a motor structure that can effectively improve the situation in which the motor of the conventional technology needs to cooperate with the gearbox to change its output has become an urgent issue.
有鑑於上述習知技藝之問題,本發明之其中一目的就是在提供一種馬達結構,以解決習知技藝之馬達結構的缺點,更可提升馬達結構的出力及轉速範圍。In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a motor structure to solve the shortcomings of the motor structure of the conventional art, and further improve the output and speed range of the motor structure.
根據本發明之其中一目的,提出一種馬達結構,其可包含轉軸、轉子及定子。轉子可與轉軸連結,轉子可包含複數個磁鐵,各個磁鐵之中心軸與轉軸之中心軸之夾角小於90度。定子可驅動轉子轉動,定子可包含複數個定子齒,而與各個定子齒之齒靴之斜面平行之軸線與轉軸之中心軸之夾角小於90度。According to one of the objectives of the present invention, a motor structure is proposed, which may include a rotating shaft, a rotor, and a stator. The rotor can be connected to the rotating shaft. The rotor can include a plurality of magnets, and the angle between the central axis of each magnet and the central axis of the rotating shaft is less than 90 degrees. The stator can drive the rotor to rotate. The stator can include a plurality of stator teeth, and the angle between the axis parallel to the slope of the shoe of each stator tooth and the central axis of the rotating shaft is less than 90 degrees.
在一較佳的實施例中,各個磁鐵之中心軸與轉軸之中心軸之夾角為第一角度,而與各個定子齒之齒靴之斜面平行之軸線與轉軸之中心軸之夾角為第二角度,第一角度可等於該第二角度。In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the central axis of each magnet and the central axis of the rotating shaft is the first angle, and the included angle between the axis parallel to the inclined plane of the tooth shoe of each stator tooth and the central axis of the rotating shaft is the second angle , The first angle may be equal to the second angle.
在一較佳的實施例中,轉子可呈截頂圓錐狀。In a preferred embodiment, the rotor may be truncated conical.
在一較佳的實施例中,定子可透過控制器控制,使定子可沿著轉軸之中心軸之方向移動。In a preferred embodiment, the stator can be controlled by the controller so that the stator can move along the direction of the central axis of the rotating shaft.
在一較佳的實施例中,轉子可為中空,定子可設置於轉子內部的容置空間。In a preferred embodiment, the rotor may be hollow, and the stator may be disposed in the accommodating space inside the rotor.
在一較佳的實施例中,定子可為中空,轉子可設置於定子內部的容置空間。In a preferred embodiment, the stator may be hollow, and the rotor may be disposed in the accommodating space inside the stator.
在一較佳的實施例中,馬達結構更可包含後端蓋,定子可設置於後端蓋上。In a preferred embodiment, the motor structure may further include a rear end cover, and the stator may be disposed on the rear end cover.
在一較佳的實施例中,轉軸可貫穿轉子、定子及後端蓋之中心。In a preferred embodiment, the rotating shaft may penetrate the center of the rotor, stator and rear end cover.
承上所述,依本發明之能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構,其可具有一或多個下述優點:As mentioned above, the motor structure according to the present invention that can effectively change the length of the magnetic circuit can have one or more of the following advantages:
(1)本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此定子沿著轉軸之中心軸方向移動時,定子之定子齒之齒靴與轉子之磁鐵之間的磁路長度可改變,使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故不需配合變速箱即能改變其出力,可達到更佳的效能。(1) In one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor of the motor have a special structure, so when the stator moves along the central axis of the rotating shaft, the length of the magnetic path between the shoe of the stator teeth of the stator and the magnet of the rotor It can be changed to make the motor have a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output. Therefore, the output can be changed without the need for a gearbox, and better performance can be achieved.
(2)本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故可完成取代變速箱的功能,使安裝此馬達的載具的體積可以減小。(2) In one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and rotor of the motor have a special structure, so the motor has a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output, so it can complete the function of replacing the gearbox and make the motor installed. The volume of the carrier can be reduced.
(3)本發明之馬達結構設計簡單,因此可以在不大幅增加體積及成本的前提下達到所欲達到的功效。(3) The motor structure of the present invention is simple in design, so the desired effect can be achieved without significantly increasing the volume and cost.
(4)本發明之馬達結構可應用於直流無刷馬達、伺服馬達及其它各種不同類型的馬達,因此應用上更為廣泛(4) The motor structure of the present invention can be applied to DC brushless motors, servo motors, and various other types of motors, so it is more widely used
以下將參照相關圖式,說明依本發明之能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構之實施例,為了清楚與方便圖式說明之故,圖式中的各部件在尺寸與比例上可能會被誇大或縮小地呈現,為使便於理解,下述實施例中之相同元件係以相同之符號標示來說明。The following will describe an embodiment of a motor structure that can effectively change the length of the magnetic circuit according to the present invention with reference to the related drawings. For clarity and convenience of the description of the drawings, the parts and components in the drawings may be exaggerated in size and proportion In order to facilitate understanding, the same elements in the following embodiments are denoted by the same symbols.
請參閱第2圖及第3圖,其係為本發明之能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構之第一實施例之第一示意圖及第二示意圖。如第2圖所示,馬達2可包含定子21(電樞)、轉子22、後端蓋23、轉軸24。Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which are the first schematic diagram and the second schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the motor structure of the present invention that can effectively change the magnetic circuit length. As shown in FIG. 2, the
定子21包含複數個定子齒及複數個定子線圈212,該些定子線圈212可分別繞設於該些定子齒上。The
轉子22可並可包含複數個磁鐵221,該些磁鐵221可設置於該轉子22的內側表面,轉子22可為中空,並可呈截頂圓錐狀,而定子21可設置於轉子22內部的容置空間。The
定子21可設置於後端蓋23上。The
轉軸24可同時貫通轉子22、定子21以及後端蓋23。The rotating
其中,轉子22之各個磁鐵221之中心軸MC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角為第一角度θ1,且第一角度θ1可小於90度;而與定子21之各個定子齒之齒靴211之斜面平行之軸線BC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角可為第二角度θ2,且第二角度θ2可等於第一角度θ1。Among them, the angle between the central axis MC of each
如第3圖所示,定子21可透過控制器(未繪於圖中)控制使定子21沿著轉軸24的方向移動,而由於各個磁鐵221之中心軸MC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角為銳角且與各個定子齒之齒靴211之斜面平行之軸線BC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角也為銳角,因此在定子21沿著轉軸24的方向移動時,使該些定子齒之齒靴211與該些磁鐵221之間距離產生變化,211與221距離近時,馬達效率大,此時可達到省電及高效率,而距離遠時出力大。故磁路長度的改變,使馬達2在效率與出力間取得更寬廣的範圍。當然,上述僅為舉例,馬達結構可依實際需求變化,本發明並不以此為限。As shown in FIG. 3, the
磁場強度可由下式表示:The magnetic field strength can be expressed by the following formula:
H=NI/l………………………………………………………….…(1)H=NI/l.................................................................. (1)
B=μH………………..…………………………………………....(2)B=μH..............................................................................(2)
其中H表示磁場強度;N表示匝數;I表示電流;l表示磁路長度;B表示磁通密度;μ表示導磁係數。Where H is the magnetic field strength; N is the number of turns; I is the current; l is the magnetic circuit length; B is the magnetic flux density; μ is the magnetic permeability coefficient.
由式(1)及式(2)可知,一般而言,由於匝數N及磁路長度l均為固定,故僅能透過改變電流I的大小來控制馬達出力與轉速大小;然而,受到馬達電樞矽鋼片材料飽和磁通密度限制,電流I也無法無限制加大。As can be seen from equations (1) and (2), generally speaking, since the number of turns N and the magnetic path length l are both fixed, the output and speed of the motor can only be controlled by changing the magnitude of the current I; The saturation magnetic flux density of the armature silicon steel sheet material is limited, and the current I cannot be increased without limit.
而如第2圖及第3圖所示,本實施例之馬達2之特殊結構可有效改變磁路長度從改變磁路長度l,磁路長度l為電樞矽鋼片磁路長度l2加氣隙長度l1,電樞矽鋼片磁路長度l2為固定,而本實施例之定子21可透過控制器控制使定子21沿著轉軸24的方向移動,由於各個磁鐵221之中心軸MC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角為銳角且與各個定子齒之齒靴211之斜面平行之軸線BC與轉軸24之中心軸RC之夾角也為銳角,因此在定子21沿著轉軸24的方向移動時,使該些定子齒之齒靴211與該些磁鐵221之間距離,即氣隙長度l1可以改變,即可改變磁路長度l,而當改變磁路長度l 時導磁係數μ會降低,因此不會使矽鋼片達到磁飽合,故可加大電流獲取更大磁場強度H,磁場強度H變大即馬達出力變大,因此可使馬達2在效率與出力間取得更寬廣的範圍。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the special structure of the
由上述可知,馬達2之定子與轉子均有著特殊的結構設計,當磁路長度l增加時,馬達效率大,此時可達到省電及高效率,而當磁路長度l減少時,馬達2則可達到高出力,故此結構設計可以讓馬達2在效率與出力間取得更寬廣的範圍,因此確實能夠完成取代變速箱的效果及功能,確實可以改善習知技藝之缺點,因此可應用於直流無刷馬達、伺服馬達及其它各種不同類型的馬達,應用上極為廣泛。As can be seen from the above, both the stator and the rotor of the
值得一提的是,習知技藝之馬達結構由於結構上的限制,故需配合變速箱才能改變其出力,且習知技藝之馬達結構氣隙距離是固定的,是針對不同應用負載所需,在出力與效率間的折衷設計,其出力及轉速變化範圍小。相反的,本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此定子沿著轉軸之中心軸方向移動時,定子之定子齒之齒靴與轉子之磁鐵之間的磁路長度可改變,使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故不需配合變速箱即能改變其出力,可達到更佳的效能。It is worth mentioning that the motor structure of the conventional technology requires a gearbox to change its output due to structural limitations, and the air gap distance of the motor structure of the conventional technology is fixed, which is required for different application loads. The compromise design between output and efficiency has a small range of output and speed. On the contrary, in one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor of the motor have a special structure, so when the stator moves along the central axis of the rotating shaft, the magnetic path length between the stator shoe of the stator teeth and the magnet of the rotor It can be changed to make the motor have a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output, so it can change its output without the need for a gearbox, and can achieve better performance.
此外,本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故可完成取代變速箱的功能,使安裝此馬達的載具(如汽車、機車、電動車、船舶、直昇機、飛機及其它各式載具)的體積可以減小。In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and rotor of the motor have a special structure, so that the motor has a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output, so it can complete the function of replacing the gearbox, so that the load of the motor is installed. The volume of vehicles (such as automobiles, locomotives, electric vehicles, ships, helicopters, airplanes and other various vehicles) can be reduced.
另外,本發明之馬達結構設計簡單,因此可以在不大幅增加體積及成本的前提下達到所欲達到的功效。In addition, the motor structure of the present invention is simple in design, so the desired effect can be achieved without significantly increasing the volume and cost.
再者,本發明之馬達結構可應用於直流無刷馬達、伺服馬達及其它各種不同類型的馬達,因此應用上更為廣泛。由上述可知,本發明實具進步性之專利要件。Furthermore, the motor structure of the present invention can be applied to DC brushless motors, servo motors, and various other types of motors, so it is more widely used. As can be seen from the above, the present invention has progressive patent requirements.
綜上所述,本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此定子沿著轉軸之中心軸方向移動時,定子之定子齒之齒靴與轉子之磁鐵之間的磁路長度可改變,使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故不需配合變速箱即能改變其出力,可達到更佳的效能。In summary, in one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor of the motor have a special structure, so when the stator moves along the central axis of the rotating shaft, the magnetic between the shoe of the stator teeth of the stator and the magnet of the rotor The length of the road can be changed, so that the motor has a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output, so it can change its output without the need for a gearbox, and can achieve better performance.
又,本發明之一實施例中,馬達之定子與轉子具備特殊的構造,因此使馬達在效率與出力間有更廣闊的調整範圍,故可完成取代變速箱的功能,使安裝此馬達的載具的體積可以減小。In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the stator and rotor of the motor have a special structure, so that the motor has a wider adjustment range between efficiency and output, so it can complete the function of replacing the gearbox, so that the load The volume of the tool can be reduced.
另外,本發明之馬達結構設計簡單,因此可以在不大幅增加體積及成本的前提下達到所欲達到的功效。In addition, the motor structure of the present invention is simple in design, so the desired effect can be achieved without significantly increasing the volume and cost.
再者,本發明之馬達結構可應用於直流無刷馬達、伺服馬達及其它各種不同類型的馬達,因此應用上更為廣泛。Furthermore, the motor structure of the present invention can be applied to DC brushless motors, servo motors, and various other types of motors, so it is more widely used.
可見本發明在突破先前之技術下,確實已達到所欲增進之功效,且也非熟悉該項技藝者所易於思及,其所具之進步性、實用性,顯已符合專利之申請要件,爰依法提出專利申請,懇請 貴局核准本件發明專利申請案,以勵創作,至感德便。It can be seen that the present invention has achieved the desired enhancement effect by breaking through the previous technology, and it is not easy to think about by those who are familiar with the art. Its progress and practicality have obviously met the patent application requirements. I filed a patent application in accordance with the law, and urge your office to approve this application for a patent for invention, in order to encourage creativity and to feel virtuous.
以上所述僅為舉例性,而非為限制性者。其它任何未脫離本發明之精神與範疇,而對其進行之等效修改或變更,均應該包含於後附之申請專利範圍中。The above is only exemplary, and not restrictive. Any other equivalent modifications or changes made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the attached patent application.
1‧‧‧習知技藝之馬達11‧‧‧定子111‧‧‧齒靴112‧‧‧定子線圈12‧‧‧轉子121‧‧‧磁鐵13‧‧‧後端蓋14‧‧‧轉軸2‧‧‧馬達21‧‧‧定子211‧‧‧齒靴212‧‧‧定子線圈22‧‧‧轉子221‧‧‧磁鐵23‧‧‧後端蓋24‧‧‧轉軸MC‧‧‧磁鐵之中心軸RC‧‧‧轉軸之中心軸BC‧‧‧與定子齒之齒靴之斜面平行之軸線θ1‧‧‧第一角度θ2‧‧‧第二角度l1‧‧‧氣隙長度1‧‧‧
第1圖 係為習知技藝之直流無刷馬達結構之示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional brushless DC motor.
第2圖 係為本發明之能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構之第一實施例之第一示意圖。FIG. 2 is a first schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the motor structure of the present invention that can effectively change the magnetic circuit length.
第3圖 係為本發明之能有效改變磁路長度的馬達結構之第一實施例之第二示意圖。FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the motor structure of the present invention that can effectively change the magnetic circuit length.
2‧‧‧馬達 2‧‧‧Motor
21‧‧‧定子 21‧‧‧ Stator
211‧‧‧齒靴 211‧‧‧tooth boots
212‧‧‧定子線圈 212‧‧‧ Stator coil
22‧‧‧轉子 22‧‧‧Rotor
221‧‧‧磁鐵 221‧‧‧Magnet
23‧‧‧後端蓋 23‧‧‧ Rear cover
24‧‧‧轉軸 24‧‧‧spindle
MC‧‧‧磁鐵之中心軸 MC‧‧‧Central axis of magnet
RC‧‧‧轉軸之中心軸 RC‧‧‧Central axis of the rotating shaft
BC‧‧‧與定子齒之齒靴之斜面平行之軸線 BC‧‧‧Axis parallel to the slope of the stator shoe
θ1‧‧‧第一角度 θ1‧‧‧First angle
θ2‧‧‧第二角度 θ2‧‧‧Second Angle
l1‧‧‧氣隙長度
Claims (8)
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CN201710135580.9A CN108574385A (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | The motor configuration of the length of magnetic path can effectively be changed |
??201710135580.9 | 2017-03-08 | ||
CN201710135580.9 | 2017-03-08 |
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TW201834358A TW201834358A (en) | 2018-09-16 |
TWI686035B true TWI686035B (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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TW107103743A TWI686035B (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-02-02 | Motor structure capable of effectively changing length of magnetic path |
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CN (1) | CN108574385A (en) |
TW (1) | TWI686035B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018161712A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101789735A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-28 | 杨荷 | Integrated self-adaptive flux shunt speed multiplying method of permanent magnet brushless motor |
TW201039538A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-01 | Su-Xia Jiangchen | Motor capable of changing the air gap |
CN103109442A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-05-15 | 法国阿尔斯通水力股份公司 | Air-cooled generator |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100264768A1 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-10-21 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Permanent magnet machine with conical stator |
CN103326541A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-25 | 镇江市江南矿山机电设备有限公司 | Permanent magnet coupling mechanism between shafts |
CN105048709A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-11 | 锐奇控股股份有限公司 | Torque-automatically adjustable motor |
CN206628964U (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-11-10 | 赵文忠 | The motor configuration of the length of magnetic path can effectively be changed |
-
2017
- 2017-03-08 CN CN201710135580.9A patent/CN108574385A/en active Pending
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2018
- 2018-02-02 TW TW107103743A patent/TWI686035B/en active
- 2018-02-06 WO PCT/CN2018/000065 patent/WO2018161712A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW201039538A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-01 | Su-Xia Jiangchen | Motor capable of changing the air gap |
CN101789735A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-28 | 杨荷 | Integrated self-adaptive flux shunt speed multiplying method of permanent magnet brushless motor |
CN103109442A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-05-15 | 法国阿尔斯通水力股份公司 | Air-cooled generator |
Also Published As
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WO2018161712A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
CN108574385A (en) | 2018-09-25 |
TW201834358A (en) | 2018-09-16 |
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