TWI678830B - The structure of oxalic acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an oxalic acid battery structure, which includes a first electrode, a case, an electrical energy reaction layer, an insulating layer, and a second electrode. The present invention adds oxalate through an electrolyte contained in the electrical energy reaction layer. In order to obtain better oxidation reaction formation, the service life of the battery itself is prolonged and the battery is rechargeable.

Description

Oxalic acid battery structure

The invention relates to a battery structure, in particular to an oxalic acid battery structure.

Batteries are converted into electrical energy output through chemical energy. Generally, the more common battery is a carbon-zinc battery, which is a chemical battery, that is, a redox reaction is used to generate a reactant, and it is formed by the electron migration caused by the redox reaction. Current. At present, batteries have been developed into rechargeable batteries and disposable batteries. Rechargeable batteries are represented by lithium-ion batteries and are widely used in mobile devices, while disposable batteries are widely used in low-power electronic devices, such as remote controls, flashlights, wall clocks, etc. As a result, disposable batteries are easily purchased at convenience stores, mass merchandisers, etc. for public use. The more common disposable batteries are carbon-zinc batteries and alkaline batteries.

Please refer to the first figure, which is a structural diagram of a conventional carbon-zinc battery structure. As shown in the figure, the conventional carbon-zinc battery structure 100 includes a casing 101 made of zinc and having a first electrode 103. The casing 101 is filled with an electrolyte 105, and the electrolyte 105 is sealed by a cap 107. A carbon rod 109 is inserted in the middle to be connected to the second electrode 111. The surrounding 113 of the carbon rod is made of manganese dioxide and carbon as the positive electrode non-reactive substance. The electrolyte 105 is made of zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, carbon and starch powder dissolved in water to form a paste-like substance, when the battery discharge reaction, the zinc becomes zinc ion releasing electrons ^{Zn (s) → Zn 2+ (} aq) +2 e -, manganese dioxide trioxide obtained into an electronic generating a current manganese ^{_{2MnO 2 (s) +2 H +}} (aq) +2 e - → Mn 2 O 3 (s) + H 2 O (l). Therefore, the total reaction of the carbon-zinc battery is: 2MnO ₂ (s) + 2H ⁺ (aq) + Zn (s) → Mn ₂ O ₃ (s) + H ₂ O (l) + Zn ²⁺ (aq).

Through the above reaction, the electromotive force of the carbon-zinc battery, that is, its output voltage is about 1.5 volts. Because the carbon-zinc battery releases electrons through hydrogen evolution, that is, zinc is converted to zinc ions, the battery is determined by the zinc content in the battery The degree of use and the amount of power supply, in order to extend the hydrogen evolution time, the industry further added mercury to suppress hydrogen evolution. In order to increase the power supply, the industry has further developed alkaline batteries, which still inevitably requires the addition of mercury to suppress the hydrogen evolution time.

However, mercury is easily accumulated in living organisms, and is easily absorbed by the skin, as well as the respiratory and digestive tracts. Mercury destroys the central nervous system and adversely affects the mouth, mucous membranes and teeth. Prolonged exposure to high mercury Environment can cause brain damage and death. Furthermore, mercury is liable to cause environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to further consider the method of replacing mercury in order to extend the duration of the redox reaction, thereby improving the durability of the carbon-zinc battery.

In addition, when the electrical energy of the zinc-carbon battery is exhausted, it must be discarded and it is difficult to recharge it. If the zinc electrode is charged, that is, when a negative voltage is applied, hydrogen ions will be reduced to hydrogen before they receive electrons. Because hydrogen is a reducing gas, if it is accumulated in large quantities, it can cause the following intense redox reactions with MnO ₂ or Mn ₂ O ₃ : 2 MnO ₂ (s) + H ₂ (g) → Mn ₂ O ₃ (s) + H ₂ O (l) and Mn ₂ O ₃ (s) + H ₂ (g) → 2 MnO (s) + H ₂ O (l), if you charge the zinc-carbon battery, you will risk explosion.

In summary, the present invention proposes an oxalic acid battery structure based on the above technical disadvantages. The oxalate battery is added to the battery's electrolyte to participate in the redox reaction, thereby enhancing the activity of the redox reaction and extending the redox reaction. The duration of the reaction, and reducing the large accumulation of hydrogen.

[Summary of the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide an oxalic acid battery structure that provides oxalate added to the electrolyte of the battery to delay the reaction time of the redox reaction, thereby improving the durability of the battery and reducing the mass accumulation of hydrogen.

For the above purpose, the present invention provides an oxalic acid battery structure, which includes a first battery Electrode, a casing, an electric energy reaction layer, an insulating layer, and a second electrode. One port of the casing is connected to the first electrode, and an electrical energy reaction layer is filled in the casing. The electrical energy reaction layer includes an electrolyte, the electrolyte is added with oxalate, and an insulating layer is disposed on the electrical energy reaction layer and seals the casing. At the other port of the body, a second electrode is inserted between the insulating layer and the electrical energy reaction layer, the electrical energy reaction layer undergoes an oxidation reaction at the first electrode, the electrical energy reaction layer undergoes a reduction reaction at the second electrode, and the oxalic acid Salt participates in the oxidation reaction of the electric energy reaction layer.

The present invention provides an embodiment thereof in that the oxidation reaction ^{is: Zn (s) → Zn 2+} (aq) + 2e -

MC ₂ O ₄ → M ²⁺ + C ₂ O ₄ ^2-

Where Zn (s) is taken from the first electrode, and MC ₂ O ₄ is taken from the oxalate

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein M is a metal ion.

The present invention provides an embodiment thereof in that the reduction ^{_{reaction: 2NH 4 + (aq) +}} 2e - → 2NH 3 (aq) + H 2 (g)

C ₂ O ₄ ^2- + 2H ⁺ → H ₂ C ₂ O ₄

2NH ⁴⁺ (aq) is taken from the electric energy reaction layer.

The present invention provides an embodiment in which the product NH ₃ (aq) of the reduction reaction further reacts with zinc ions to form a complex Zn (NH ₃ ) ₂ Cl ₂ .

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the electrolyte is ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂ ) or a combination of the two.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the electrical energy reaction layer further comprises manganese oxide (MnO ₂ ).

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the manganese oxide does not participate in the redox reaction.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the second electrode is an inert electrode.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the first electrode is a porous electrode.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the second electrode is a porous inert electrode.

In summary, the oxalic acid battery structure provided by the present invention provides the addition of oxalate to the electrolyte to improve the activity of the redox reaction, thereby improving the durability of the battery and reducing the large amount of hydrogen accumulation.

100‧‧‧carbon zinc battery structure

101‧‧‧shell

103‧‧‧first electrode

105‧‧‧ Electrolyte

107‧‧‧Cap

109‧‧‧ Carbon rod

111‧‧‧Second electrode

113‧‧‧ around the carbon rod

200‧‧‧ oxalic acid battery structure

201‧‧‧First electrode

201p‧‧‧hole

203‧‧‧shell

205‧‧‧ Electricity reaction layer

205E‧‧‧Electrolyte

207‧‧‧Insulation

209‧‧‧Second electrode

209‧‧‧hole

211‧‧‧Connection Department

213‧‧‧Guide

215‧‧‧ filling

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional carbon-zinc battery; FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

In order for your reviewers to further the features of the invention and the effects achieved Understanding and understanding, I would like to accompany the preferred embodiment with detailed description, as explained below:

【Symbol Description】

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by explaining various embodiments of the present invention through the drawings. However, the concept of the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein.

First, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention is an oxalic acid battery structure 200, which includes a first electrode 201, a case 203, an electrical energy reaction layer 205, an insulating layer 207, and a second electrode 209. In this embodiment, oxalic acid The battery structure 200 further includes a connecting portion 211 and a guiding layer 213. One port of the casing 203 is connected to the first electrode 201, and an electrical energy reaction layer 205 is filled in the casing 201. The electrical energy reaction layer 205 includes an electrolyte 205E, the electrolyte 205E is added with oxalate, and an insulating layer is disposed on the electrical energy reaction layer 205 and the other port of the housing 203 is sealed, and a second electrode 209 is inserted between the insulating layer 207 and the electric energy reaction layer 205, and the electric energy reaction layer 205 undergoes a reduction reaction at the first electrode 201. The electrical energy reaction layer 205 undergoes an oxidation reaction at the second electrode 209, and the oxalate salt participates in the oxidation reaction of the electrical energy reaction layer 205. In addition, the connection portion 211 is disposed on the second electrode 209 and covers the second electrode 209, and the guide layer 213 is disposed between the electric energy reaction layer 205 and the second electrode 209.

Wherein the oxidation reaction ^{is: Zn (s) → Zn 2+} (aq) + 2e -

MC ₂ O ₄ → M ²⁺ + C ₂ O ₄ ^2-

Wherein zinc Zn (s) is taken from the first electrode, the oxidation reaction is that the metal zinc Zn (s) is oxidized to zinc ion Zn ²⁺ (aq), and MC ₂ O ₄ is taken from the electrical reaction layer 205. Oxalate, M is a metal ion.

Wherein the reduction ^{_{reaction: 2NH 4 + (aq) +}} 2e - → 2NH 3 (aq) + H 2 (g)

C ₂ O ₄ ^2- + 2H ⁺ → H ₂ C ₂ O ₄

The ammonium ion NH ₄ ⁺ (aq) is taken from the electrolyte 205E of the electric energy reaction layer 205. The electrolyte 205E of this embodiment is ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂ ) or a combination of the two. . The product of the reduction reaction, ammonia NH ₃ (aq), further reacts with zinc ions to form a complex Zn (NH ₃ ) ₂ Cl ₂ , which is generated by the reaction of the complex, thereby reducing hydrogen generation. Rechargeability, it is difficult for hydrogen to accumulate in the structure of the battery, thereby avoiding the reaction between hydrogen and manganese oxide. Furthermore, the oxalic acid battery structure 200 is charged to make the electrical energy reaction layer 205 recover to ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂ ) or a combination of the two.

In addition, the second electrode 209 is a carbon rod, that is, the second electrode 209 is an inert electrode, and the guide layer 213 includes manganese oxide (MnO ₂ ) and a mixture of carbon powder. The second electrode 209 and the guide layer 213 do not participate. The redox reaction described above is used to guide the electrons released by the redox reaction to form a current, and the voltage drop between the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 209 is 1.5 volts. The second electrode 209 is The connection portion 211 is conductive. There is a filler 215 between the first electrode 201 and the case 203 to insulate the first electrode 201 and the case 203 and block the electrolyte 205E in the electric energy reaction layer 205 to prevent leakage.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The difference between Figure 2 and Figure 3 is that the two electrodes 201 and 209 of the oxalic acid battery structure 200 in Figure 3 further include a porous structure, that is, the first electrode 201 has a plurality of holes 201p, and the second electrode 209 also has a plurality of holes 209p. The holes 201p can increase the contact area between the first electrode 201 and the electrolyte 205E in the oxalic acid battery structure 200. Furthermore, the second electrode 209 can increase the area for guiding electrons through the holes 209p. Therefore, the oxalic acid battery structure 200 of the present invention can further increase the battery efficiency through the holes 201p and 209p.

From the above, it can be known that the oxalic acid battery structure of the present invention includes a first electrode, a case, an electric energy reaction layer, a guide layer, a second electrode, and a connecting portion. Oxalate is added to the redox reaction, which reduces the rate of zinc ion precipitation of the battery, thereby extending battery durability.

However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. For example, all changes and modifications of the shapes, structures, features, and spirits in accordance with the scope of the patent application for the present invention are made. Shall be included in the scope of patent application of the present invention.

Claims (8)

An oxalic acid battery structure includes: a first electrode; a casing having a port connected to the first electrode; an electrical energy reaction layer filled in the casing; the electrical energy reaction layer includes an electrolyte, and the electrolyte is added with oxalic acid Zinc; an insulating layer disposed on the electrical energy reaction layer and sealing another port of the casing; and a second electrode inserted between the insulating layer and the electrical energy reaction layer, the electrical energy reaction layer being The first electrode undergoes a reduction reaction, the electrical energy reaction layer undergoes an oxidation reaction at the second electrode, and the zinc oxalate participates in the oxidation reaction of the electrical energy reaction layer. For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 1 of the application, wherein the reduction reaction generates a product NH ₃ (aq), and the product NH ₃ (aq) further reacts with zinc ions to form a complex Zn (NH ₃ ) ₂ Cl ₂ . For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 1 of the application, wherein the electrolyte is ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂ ) or a combination of the two. For example, the structure of the oxalic acid battery in the first item of the patent application scope further includes a guide layer, which is added to the electric energy reaction layer, which contains manganese oxide (MnO ₂ ). For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 4 of the application, wherein the manganese oxide does not participate in the redox reaction. For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 1 of the application, wherein the second electrode is an inert electrode. For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 1 of the application, wherein the first electrode is a porous electrode. For example, the structure of an oxalic acid battery according to item 1 of the application, wherein the second electrode is a porous inert electrode.