TWI678016B - 電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置 - Google Patents

電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置 Download PDF

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TWI678016B
TWI678016B TW107142000A TW107142000A TWI678016B TW I678016 B TWI678016 B TW I678016B TW 107142000 A TW107142000 A TW 107142000A TW 107142000 A TW107142000 A TW 107142000A TW I678016 B TWI678016 B TW I678016B
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liquid
battery
cooling device
battery module
liquid cooling
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TW202021186A (zh
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方富民
Fu Min Fang
任國光
Kuo Kuang Jen
游國輝
Gwo Huei You
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國家中山科學研究院
National Chung-Shan Institute Of Science And Technology
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Priority to US16/226,665 priority patent/US10967756B2/en
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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Abstract

本發明係提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其包括：電池模組，包括：複數個電池芯；以及複數個液態冷卻裝置，其中每一液態冷卻裝置包括：散熱平板，係設置於電池芯之側面，並於散熱平板內部具有液冷流道；幫浦塊，係設置於電池芯之底面，並於幫浦塊內部具有內部流道，內部流道之兩端與液冷流道之兩端相互連接；及微型幫浦，係設置於內部流道內，並與電池芯電性連接，用以使冷卻液於內部流道與液冷流道中形成自體循環，不需要外掛幫浦、熱交換器等進行液冷式循環散熱，維修單一電池芯較方便。

Description

電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置
本發明係有關於一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，更詳而言之，尤指一種散熱平板與幫浦一體化的電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置。
在電動車輛電池組中，快速充電或高負載的電子流動將產生大量的熱量，且過多的熱量可能損壞電池。故為了使電動車輛電池以最有效的方式運行並使其壽命最大化，需要有效的冷卻系統，根據不同的冷卻設計，可分為氣冷式，例如日產汽車的Leaf；或者液冷式，例如雪佛蘭Volt。
通用汽車公司和特斯拉汽車公司都採用液冷式散熱，並在其電動汽車中採用熱管理系統(Thermal Management System,TMS)。
雪佛蘭Volt或特斯拉Model S的熱管理系統(TMS)與電池組同樣重要，因為電池壽命都取決於熱管理系統。隨著電動載具廠商引入更高規格的充電功率來縮短充電時間，TMS在抑制大量熱量方面發揮著更大的作用。
特斯拉的熱管理以及通用汽車使用液態乙二醇作為冷卻劑，類似於傳統汽車發動機冷卻系統中使用的流體。
通用汽車和特斯拉的系統都將熱量傳遞給液態冷卻的循環迴路中，並在寒冷天氣使用電阻加熱。乙二醇冷卻劑分佈在整個電池包中以冷卻電池芯。
特斯拉的冷卻系統專利申請，係基於帶狀金屬冷卻管，貫穿整個電池包，直接接觸圓柱形電池芯壁面帶走熱量。
GM使用軟包形狀的電池芯，每個電池芯大小像一本兒童書，而藉由夾在電池芯之間的鋁製冷卻板來進行液冷式散熱。
鋁製冷卻板中有五個單獨的冷卻劑路徑並聯穿過冷卻板，每個軟包電池在裝在塑膠框架中，然後將帶有冷卻板的框架縱向堆疊以製成整個電池組。
特斯拉的冷卻系統為帶狀金屬冷卻管，此為單一大型電池包的熱管理系統設計，無法適用於化整為零的單元電池模組化系統設計，若一體適用將產生冷卻管路連接、過多進/出口介面，液冷接頭占空間，維修困難等問題。
GM採用電池芯與散熱板交錯堆疊方式進行散熱，因散熱板與散熱板之間有管路連接，才能形成完整的液冷迴路，若需維修其中間的單一電池芯，所牽動的管路接線複雜，解聯後又有漏液問題，維修不易。
此類散熱方法亦需要外掛幫浦、熱交換器等進行液冷式循環散熱，將占據額外空間。
緣是，發明人有鑑於此，秉持多年該相關行業之豐富設計開發及實際製作經驗，針對現有之結構及缺失予以研究改良，提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，以期達到更佳實用價值性之目的者。
鑒於上述習知技術之缺點，本發明主要之目的在於提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，利用散熱平板與幫浦一體化，幫浦選用微型幫浦嵌入幫浦塊中，如壓電幫浦，供電則直接由單一電池芯提供(或由整個電池模組提供)，電池芯再與此自體循環的散熱平板堆疊，省去水冷頭空間、方便電池芯維修，且壓電幫浦成本低廉。
本發明再一目的係提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，不需要外掛幫浦、熱交換器等進行液冷式循環散熱，維修單一電池芯較方便。
為達上述目的，本發明係提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其包括：一電池模組，包括：複數個電池芯；以及複數個液態冷卻裝置，其中每一液態冷卻裝置包括：一散熱平板，係設置於一電池芯之側面，並於該散熱平板內部具有一液冷流道；一幫浦塊，係設置於一電池芯之底面，並於該幫浦塊內部具有一內部流道，該內部流道之兩端與該液冷流道之兩端相互連接；及一微型幫浦，係設置於該內部流道內，並與該電池芯電性連接，用以使一冷卻液於該內部流 道與該液冷流道中形成自體循環。
較佳地，內部流道可具有漸縮的一流道入口及漸擴的一流道出口。
較佳地，微型幫浦可為一壓電平板，該壓電平板藉由電力驅動產生上下振動推動冷卻液。
較佳地，每一散熱平板二側邊可具有一扣環，以藉由一扣條將複數個電池芯與複數個液態冷卻裝置的散熱平板交錯堆疊鎖固。
以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆是為了能進一步說明本創作達到預定目的所採取的方式、手段及功效。而有關本創作的其他目的及優點，將在後續的說明及圖式中加以闡述。
1‧‧‧散熱平板
2‧‧‧幫浦塊
3‧‧‧微型幫浦
4‧‧‧電池芯
11‧‧‧液冷流道
12‧‧‧扣環
13‧‧‧扣條
21‧‧‧內部流道
22‧‧‧流道入口
23‧‧‧流道出口
25‧‧‧鰭片
第1圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置前視示意圖。
第2圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置示意圖。
第3圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置示意圖。
第4圖係為本發明內部流道及微型幫浦示意圖。
第5圖係為本發明微型幫浦作動示意圖。
第6圖係為本發明電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置鎖固示意圖。
第7圖係為本發明電池芯與散熱平板堆疊示意圖。
以下係藉由特定的具體實例說明本發明之實施方式，熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容瞭解本發明之其他優點與功效。
請參閱第1圖至第7圖，第1圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置前視示意圖，第2圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置示意圖，第3圖係為本發明液態冷卻裝置示意圖，第4圖係為本發明內部流道及微型幫浦示意圖，第5圖係為本發明微型幫浦作動示意圖，第6圖係為本發明電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置鎖固示意圖，第7圖係為本發明電池芯與散熱平板堆疊示意圖。如圖所示，本發明提供一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其包括：電池模組及複數個液態冷卻裝置。電池模組包括複數個電池芯4，而複數個電池芯4之數量與複數個液態冷卻裝置之數量相同，如第7圖所示。每一液態冷卻裝置包括：散熱平板1、幫浦塊2、微型幫浦3。散熱平板1對應設置於電池芯4之側面，以藉由散熱平板1吸收電池芯4所產生的熱量，並於散熱平板1內部具有液冷流道11，以藉由液冷流道11中的冷卻液將散熱平板1所吸收的熱量帶走。幫浦塊2設置於電池芯4之底面，如 第6圖所示，並於幫浦塊2內部具有內部流道21，內部流道21之冷卻液進出口兩端與液冷流道11之冷卻液進出口兩端相互連接，而幫浦塊2的功用在於進行熱交換，使得冷卻液於內部流道21冷卻，冷卻後的冷卻液再進入液冷流道11中吸收熱量。最後，微型幫浦3(如壓電幫浦)設置於內部流道21內，並與設置於幫浦塊2上的電池芯4或電池模組電性連接，用以使冷卻液於內部流道21與液冷流道11中形成自體循環，省去水冷頭空間、方便電池芯維修，且壓電幫浦成本低廉。
在本實施方式中，內部流道21具有漸縮的流道入口22及漸擴的流道出口23，使得冷卻液循環順暢，不易產生逆流。
在本實施方式中，微型幫浦3可藉由平板上下振動推動冷卻液循環，如第5圖所示。
在本實施方式中，每一散熱平板1二側邊具有扣環12，以藉由扣條13將複數個電池芯4與複數個散熱平板1交錯堆疊鎖固，如第6圖、第7圖所示。
在本實施方式中，幫浦塊2之底面進一步設置鰭片25，以加速熱交換速度，使冷卻液加快冷卻。
綜上所述，本發明解決快充電池模組需要高散熱能力的問題，讓散熱模組(含循環幫浦)與電池芯一體化，有多少電池芯就有多少自體循環散熱平板。一般採用的液冷式循環散熱需考量配管、水冷頭配置、幫浦、熱交換器配置等問 題，採用一體化設計可減少該些元件所占的空間，並提升維修方便性。
上述之實施例僅為例示性說明本發明之特點及其功效，而非用於限制本發明之實質技術內容的範圍。任何熟習此技藝之人士均可在不違背本發明之精神及範疇下，對上述實施例進行修飾與變化。因此，本發明之權利保護範圍，應如後述之申請專利範圍所列。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其包括：一電池模組，包括：複數個電池芯；以及複數個液態冷卻裝置，其中每一液態冷卻裝置包括：一散熱平板，係設置於一電池芯之側面，並於該散熱平板內部具有一液冷流道；一幫浦塊，係設置於一電池芯之底面，並於該幫浦塊內部具有一內部流道，該內部流道之兩端與該液冷流道之兩端相互連接；及一微型幫浦，係設置於該內部流道內，並與該電池芯電性連接，用以使一冷卻液於該內部流道與該液冷流道中形成自體循環，其中該內部流道具有漸縮的一流道入口及漸擴的一流道出口。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其中該微型幫浦係藉由一壓電平板上下振動推動該冷卻液。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其中每一散熱平板二側邊具有一扣環，以藉由一扣條將該複數個電池芯與該複數個液態冷卻裝置的該散熱平板交錯堆疊鎖固。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其中該幫浦塊之底面進一步設置一鰭片。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電池模組及其液態冷卻裝置，其中該複數個電池芯之數量與該複數個液態冷卻裝置之數量相同。
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