TWI675292B - Motherboard device and server - Google Patents

Abstract

A server includes a main board device and a central processing unit. The main board device includes a voltage divider and an identifier. The voltage divider receives a DC voltage and generates a related voltage divider. Different voltage divide ratios correspond to each other. With different divided voltages and different motherboard identification codes, the identifier has a comparison database that records multiple motherboard identification codes and basic input-output system image files corresponding to different divided voltages. The identifier Receiving the divided voltage and digitally converting it to generate a code, the code corresponding to one of the motherboard identification codes, the identifier comparing the code with the comparison database to obtain a code corresponding to the basic One of the target image files of the input-output system image file, the central processing unit receives and executes the target image file.

Description

Motherboard device and server

The invention relates to a server, in particular to a server capable of recognizing a motherboard.

Before selecting the basic input output system (BIOS: Basic Input Output System) driver for the central processing unit of the server, it is necessary to know the type of the motherboard (each motherboard has its own case ( Project name) and version (Revision)) to select the corresponding basic I / O system driver.

At present, the CPU distinguishes the type of the motherboard by manually adjusting the pull-up / pull-down resistors of multiple sets of parallel pull-up / pull-down resistors electrically connected to the motherboard to make a difference ( That is, they are distinguished by digital codes 0 and 1.) That is, when one of the up / down resistors of each group is turned on, the other one is not turned on. For example, if there are eight different motherboards, each host The board needs to connect at least three sets of up / down resistors in parallel (a total of ²³ combinations). Among them, the three pull-down resistors of the three sets of up / down resistors on the first motherboard can be adjusted to turn on, representing 000, as for the second Each motherboard can adjust the pull-up resistance of the first group of pull-up / down resistors, and adjust the pull-down resistance of the other two groups of pull-up / down resistors to represent 001. Other motherboards are adjusted according to this rule, and then stored in advance Multiple sets of digital codes that can represent the on / down resistance changes of each motherboard and the platform input controller (PCH: Platform Controller Hub) of the basic I / O system driver corresponding to each digital code to detect such pull-ups / The pull-down resistor receives the corresponding digital code generated after receiving the DC voltage, and compares the corresponding basic I / O system driver with the stored digital code, and the central processor loads the basic I / O system driver to drive The motherboard is activated. However, once the number of different motherboards increases, it is necessary to correspondingly increase the number of pull-up / pull-down resistors, increase the complexity when manually adjusting the pull-up / pull-down resistors, and also waste the available space of the circuit board. Therefore, existing detection motherboards Need to improve the device.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a server that allows a central processing unit to select a basic input / output system driver corresponding to the type of a motherboard by only using a set of piezoresistors.

Therefore, the server of the present invention includes a motherboard device and a central processing unit.

The motherboard device includes a voltage divider and an identifier.

The voltage divider has an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is used to receive a DC voltage, and the output terminal correspondingly generates a divided voltage proportional to the DC voltage and a divided voltage ratio, and different divided voltage ratios correspond to Different divided voltages, different divided voltages correspond to different motherboard identification codes.

The identifier is electrically connected to the output terminal and has a comparison database which records a plurality of motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages and a plurality of basic input and output system image files respectively corresponding to the motherboard identification code. The identifier receives the divided voltage from the output terminal and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the divided voltage to generate a code corresponding to one of the identification codes of the motherboards. Coding with this database to get a pair of target images corresponding to one of the basic I / O system images.

The CPU is electrically connected to the identifier to receive and execute the target image file.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a motherboard device that allows a central processing unit to select a basic input / output system driver corresponding to the type of motherboard by only using a set of piezoresistors.

Therefore, the motherboard device of the present invention is suitable for a central processing unit that operates in a pair of operating modes corresponding to the motherboard device. The motherboard device includes a voltage divider and an identifier.

The voltage divider has an input terminal and an output terminal. The output terminal generates a divided voltage proportional to the DC voltage and a divided voltage ratio, wherein different divided voltage ratios correspond to different divided voltages, and different divided voltages correspond to different motherboard identification codes.

The identifier is electrically connected to the output terminal and the central processing unit, and has a comparison database which records a plurality of motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages and a plurality of motherboard identification codes respectively corresponding to the motherboard identification codes. A basic input-output system image file. The identifier receives the divided voltage from the voltage divider and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the divided voltage to generate a code corresponding to multiple motherboard identification codes. One, the identifier is compared with the comparison database according to the code to obtain a basic input-output system image file corresponding to the code as a target image file, and the central processing unit operates according to the target image file In this mode of operation.

The effect of the present invention is that by designing a voltage divider with a corresponding voltage dividing ratio according to the difference of each motherboard, when receiving a DC voltage, different voltage dividing voltages are generated correspondingly, which can be used by the identifier according to the generated voltage dividing voltage. Automatically compare the pre-stored basic input-output system image file corresponding to the divided voltage.

2‧‧‧ Motherboard Device

21‧‧‧DC Power

22‧‧‧ Voltage Divider

221‧‧‧first resistor

222‧‧‧Second resistor

23‧‧‧Identifier

230‧‧‧ Complex programmable logic device

231‧‧‧ Analog Digital Conversion Unit

232‧‧‧Transmission unit

233‧‧‧Substrate management control unit

234‧‧‧platform path control unit

235‧‧‧Memory Unit

236‧‧‧Register

3‧‧‧Central Processing Unit

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a first specific example of an embodiment of the server of the present invention Application; FIG. 2 is a data table to assist in explaining the storage content of a comparison data table of the server of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a second specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention; FIG. 4 is A block diagram illustrating a third specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a fourth specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a block diagram, A fifth specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention will be described; FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a sixth specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating the server of the present invention A seventh specific application of an embodiment of the server; and FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an eighth specific application of an embodiment of the server of the present invention.

An embodiment of the server of the present invention includes a motherboard device 2 and a medium A central processing unit 3, and the motherboard device 2 may perform a power-on self-test (POST: Power On Self Test) by executing a corresponding driver program, and each motherboard device 2 has a voltage divider 22; The voltage divider 22 includes a first resistor 221 and a second resistor 222 electrically connected to the first resistor 221. A first end of the first resistor 221 receives a voltage value Vdd provided by the DC power source 21. A DC voltage, a second terminal of the second resistor 222 is grounded, and a second terminal of the first resistor 221 is connected in series with a first terminal of the second resistor 222 to form a common terminal for providing a divided voltage That is, the connection between the second end of the first resistor 221 and the first end of the second resistor 222 is the common terminal, and the divided voltage is output from the common terminal. The first resistor 221 The corresponding relationship between the resistance values of the second resistor 222 forms a voltage division ratio, and different voltage division ratios correspond to different voltage division voltages, that is, different voltage division ratios are used to adjust the voltage division ratio. The voltage ratio controls the common terminal to output different divided voltages, where Assuming that the resistance value of the first resistor 221 is R1 and the resistance value of the second resistor 222 is R2, the voltage division ratio = R2 / (R1 + R2), and the voltage division voltage = Vdd × R2 / (R1 + R2), and different divided voltages indicate different types of motherboard device 2 and thus correspond to different versions of the basic input-output system image file as the target image file. Here is an example. The motherboard device 2 corresponds to a The project name (Project), and different project versions (Revision) according to the needs of its peripheral hardware configuration, the voltage division ratio formed by the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222 is based on the project name and Depending on the version of the project, both receive the stream Voltage and convert the DC voltage into a divided voltage, and the divided voltage is within a specific range, refer to the table below, assuming that the project name corresponding to the motherboard device 2 is AAA, and the host The board device 2 implements eight different project versions corresponding to R0A ~ R0H. The motherboard devices corresponding to the implementation of eight different project versions can be regarded as eight different motherboard devices 2 and the corresponding motherboard devices 2 respectively. In the project version of the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222, the corresponding resistance ratios can be pre-designed so that the divided voltages output by the DC voltage through the component voltage resistor at the common terminal are respectively between eight There are eight kinds of resistance ratios in different voltage ranges. It must be added that the aforementioned basic input output system image file is the basic input output system program (BIOS code: Basic Input Output System code), which is the center of the computer. When the processor is turned on, the firmware program must be executed first to perform computer hardware / firmware status confirmation and configuration and other startup processes.

In addition, the design of the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222 There are mainly three kinds of state settings: the first is that the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222 are both provided and electrically connected to the motherboard device 2, and the resistance values of the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222 It can be arbitrarily matched with different resistance values according to the resistance ratio corresponding to the project version of the motherboard device 2 to be implemented, as long as the resistance ratio is different according to the type of the motherboard device 2 to make the divided voltage The voltage may fall within the voltage value range corresponding to the project version. The second type is that the resistance value of the first resistor 221 of each motherboard device 2 corresponding to the same project is fixed (ie, the first resistor 221 of each motherboard device 2 is fixed). A resistor 221 has the same resistance value) and is disposed in the motherboard device 2, and the second resistor 222 is disposed in a chassis in which the motherboard device 2 is installed and electrically connected to the motherboard device 2. A backplane, and the second resistor 222 is electrically connected to the first resistor 221, and the resistance value of the second resistor 222 is adjusted according to the resistance ratio corresponding to the version of the project implemented by the motherboard 2 , The third is set in the corresponding phase The resistance value of the first resistor 221 of each motherboard device 2 of the project is fixed but is provided on a backplane (not shown) electrically connected to the motherboard device 2. The second resistor 222 and the first resistor 221 The second resistor 222 is electrically connected and disposed on the motherboard device 2. Similarly, the resistance value of the second resistor 222 is adjusted according to the resistance ratio corresponding to the version of the project implemented by the motherboard device 2.

The specific application of this embodiment of the server of the present invention is explained in more detail below.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first specific application of a server of the present invention includes a The motherboard device 2 and a central processing unit 3.

The motherboard device 2 includes a voltage divider 22 and an identifier 23.

The voltage divider 22 receives a DC voltage provided by the DC power source 21 with a voltage value of Vdd, and generates a divided voltage that is proportional to the DC voltage and a divided voltage ratio. Among them, different divided voltage ratios correspond to different divided voltages. Voltage and voltage, different divided voltages correspond to different motherboard identification codes, and each motherboard identification code corresponds to a motherboard device 2 respectively.

To further explain, the voltage divider 22 is composed of a first resistor 221 and a second resistor 222 electrically connected to the first resistor 221. The corresponding resistance values of the two are different according to the motherboard device 2. The resistance ratio corresponds to different voltage division ratios. The first resistor 221 has a first terminal for receiving the DC voltage, and a second terminal electrically connected to the second resistor 222. The second resistor 222 has an electrical connection to the A first terminal of the second terminal of the first resistor 221 and a second terminal of the ground.

The identifier 23 is electrically connected to the first end of the second resistor 222 and stores a comparison database. The comparison database records a plurality of motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages, and a plurality of motherboard identification codes respectively. The basic input and output system image file of the code, that is, BIOS code (Basic Input Output System code), the identifier 23 receives the divided voltage provided by the first resistor 221 and the second resistor 222, and The voltage and voltage are converted from analog to digital to generate a code. The identifier 23 compares the code with the lookup table to obtain a corresponding basic input output. Export the system image as the target image.

To further explain, the identifier 23 includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit 231, a transmission unit 232, a substrate management control unit 233, and a platform path control unit 234.

The analog digital conversion unit 231 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first resistor 221 and receives the divided voltage, and converts the divided voltage into the code. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 231 is implemented by a complex programmable logic device (CPLD: Complex Programmable Logic Device) 230 provided by the server.

The transmission unit 232 is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 231 and receives the code.

The baseboard management control unit 233 is a baseboard management controller (BMC), and is electrically connected to the transmission unit 232 and the platform path control unit 234 to transmit the code to the platform path control unit 234.

The platform path control unit 234 is a PCH (Platform Controller Hub), which is electrically connected to the substrate management control unit 233, and has a memory unit 235 that can store the comparison database in advance. In this embodiment, the memory unit 235 is a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory. When the platform path control unit 234 receives the code transmitted by the substrate management control unit 233, it is based on the comparison. Database ratio The basic I / O system image corresponding to the encoding is used as a target image.

The central processing unit 3 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit), which is electrically connected to the identifier 23 to receive and execute the target image file compared by the identifier 23, and when the central processor 3 executes the target image file At the same time, the motherboard device 2 is simultaneously driven to perform detection of its own related information.

Referring to FIG. 3, a second specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the first specific application described above, except that when the analog digital conversion unit 231 receives the divided voltage and converts the divided voltage into a corresponding After the encoding, the transmission unit 232 directly transmits the encoding to the platform path control unit 234.

For example, according to the difference between the first specific application and the second specific application, in a practical application, the first specific application is used as a target image file version of one of the basic input output system image files corresponding to the setting KVM switch (Keyboard, Video, Mouse switch) function parameters are activated, and this second specific application is used in actual applications as the corresponding setting of another version of the basic input output system image file of its target image file In order to turn off the function parameters of the computer switch, in addition, the following other specific applications can be set differently to their peripheral hardware according to the actual application according to the version of one of the basic input output system image files as the target image file.

Referring to FIG. 4, a third specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the above-mentioned first specific application, the difference is that when the project name of each motherboard device 2 is When the versions are the same and the versions are different, a register 236 electrically connected to the transmission unit 232 is written in advance with a project code corresponding to the project name of the motherboard devices 2, that is, a motherboard identification corresponding to the motherboard devices 2 The code represents the part of the project name. The analog digital conversion unit 231 converts the divided voltage into a version code corresponding to the version part of the motherboard identification code, and then the transmission unit 232 writes the temporary storage in advance. The project code of the controller 236 and the version code converted by the analog digital conversion unit 231 are combined into a motherboard synthesis code and transmitted to the platform path control unit 234 via the baseboard management control unit 233. The platform path control unit 234 according to the The mainboard synthesis code compares the corresponding mainboard identification code as the target identification code, and uses the basic input-output system image file corresponding to the mainboard identification code as the target image file, and transmits it to the central processing unit 3. Moreover, similar to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 231, the register 236 is provided by the complex programmable logic device 230.

As shown in FIG. 5, a fourth specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the first specific application described above, except that the motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages are stored in advance, and the corresponding The memory unit 235 of the basic input and output system image of the motherboard identification code is electrically connected to the platform path control unit 234 in a plug-in state. When the platform path control unit 234 receives the motherboard transmitted from the baseboard management controller, After the identification code, read the relevant data stored in the memory unit 235 in advance to perform the comparison.

As shown in FIG. 6, a fifth specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention and The fourth specific application is similar, except that the analog digital conversion unit 231 receives the divided voltage and converts the divided voltage into a motherboard identification code corresponding to the motherboard device 2. The transmission unit 232 directly converts the The motherboard identification code is transmitted to the platform path control unit 234.

As shown in FIG. 7, a sixth specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the fifth specific application described above. The difference is that each motherboard device 2 has the same project name and different version, and the complex programmable logic device. The register 236 of 230 previously writes a project code corresponding to the project name of the motherboard devices 2, that is, a part of the motherboard identification code corresponding to the motherboard devices 2 that represents the project name. As for the analog digital conversion The unit 231 only needs to convert the divided voltage into a signal corresponding to the version part of the motherboard identification code, that is, the version code, and then the transmission unit 232 will write the project code and analog digits previously written into the register 236 The version code converted by the converter is combined into a motherboard synthesis code, and the motherboard synthesis code is transmitted to the platform path control unit 234 to compare the corresponding motherboard identification code and the basic input-output system image file.

As shown in FIG. 8, a fourth specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the above-mentioned sixth specific application, the difference is that the motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages are stored in advance, and corresponding to these The memory unit 235 of the basic input and output system image of the motherboard identification code is built into the platform path control unit 234. After the platform path control unit 234 receives the motherboard identification code transmitted from the baseboard management controller, , Read pre-stored relevant data and perform comparison.

As shown in FIG. 9, an eighth specific application of the embodiment of the server of the present invention is similar to the seventh specific application described above, except that the transmission unit 232 first transmits the motherboard identification code to the substrate management control unit 233, The baseboard management control unit 233 transmits the motherboard identification code to the platform path control unit 234, and pre-stores the motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages, and the basics corresponding to the motherboard identification codes respectively. The memory unit 235 of the I / O system image is electrically connected to the platform path control unit 234 in a plug-in state. When the platform path control unit 234 receives the motherboard identification code transmitted from the baseboard management control unit 233, it reads Take relevant data stored in advance in the memory unit 235 to perform comparison.

In summary, the server of the present invention mainly provides different divided voltages by the motherboard device, and then cooperates with the analog digital conversion unit of the identifier to convert the divided voltages into digital format codes, and the platform The path control unit compares the basic I / O device image file corresponding to the code as the target image file, or writes in the register 236 a project code corresponding to the project name of the motherboard device in advance, which matches the analogy The digital conversion unit converts the divided voltage into a version code corresponding to the version part of the motherboard identification code, and the transmission unit combines the project code and the version code into a motherboard synthesis code, which is compared by the platform path control unit. The corresponding basic I / O system image file is used as the target image file for the CPU to execute and drive the motherboard device to perform a power-on self-test, and to improve the existing manual switching of the up / down resistors for the CPU to distinguish Potential errors that can occur with the type of motherboard It can save the cost of the resistance equipment and the cost of the occupied space, so it does achieve the purpose of cost invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (9)

A server includes: a motherboard device including a voltage divider and an identifier, the voltage divider has an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is used to receive a DC voltage, and the output end correspondingly generates a It is proportional to the DC voltage and a divided voltage of a divided voltage ratio. Different divided voltage ratios correspond to different divided voltages. Different divided voltages correspond to different motherboard identification codes. The identifier is electrically connected to the output terminal and has A comparison database which records a plurality of motherboard identification codes corresponding to different divided voltages and a plurality of basic input-output system image files respectively corresponding to the motherboard identification code. The identifier receives the Divide the voltage and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the divided voltage to generate a code corresponding to one of the motherboard identification codes. The identifier compares the code with the comparison database to obtain a A target image file corresponding to one of the basic input output system image files; and a central processing unit electrically connected to the identifier to receive and execute the object Image file. The server according to claim 1, wherein the voltage divider includes a first resistor and a second resistor electrically connected to the first resistor, and the first resistor has a first terminal for receiving the DC voltage as The input terminal and a second terminal electrically connecting the second resistor and the identifier serve as the output terminal, and the second resistor has a first terminal electrically connected to the output terminal and a second terminal connected to the ground. The server according to claim 1, wherein the identifier comprises an analog digital conversion unit, which is electrically connected to the output terminal to receive the divided voltage, and converts the divided voltage into the code; a transmission unit; Connected to the analog digital conversion unit, receiving the code, and a platform path control unit, electrically connecting the transmission unit and the central processor and having the comparison database, the platform path control unit receiving the code transmitted from the transmission unit, According to the comparison database, the basic input-output system image file corresponding to the encoding is used as the target image file, and the basic input-output system image file is transmitted to the central processing unit. The server according to claim 1, wherein the identifier comprises a temporary storage unit, storing a project code related to the divided voltage, an analog digital conversion unit, electrically connected to the output terminal and receiving the divided voltage And convert the divided voltage into a version code, a transmission unit, electrically connecting the analog digital conversion unit and the temporary storage unit, receiving the project code and the version code, and forming the project code and the version code into a host Board synthesis code and a platform path control unit, electrically connecting the transmission unit and the central processing unit and storing the comparison database, the platform path control unit receives the motherboard synthesis code transmitted from the transmission unit, and according to the motherboard The synthesized code compares the corresponding motherboard identification code as a target identification code, and transmits the basic input-output system image file corresponding to the target identification code as the target image file to the central processing unit. The server according to claim 1, wherein the identifier comprises an analog digital conversion unit, which is electrically connected to the output terminal to receive the divided voltage, and converts the divided voltage into the code; a transmission unit; Connect the analog digital conversion unit and receive the code, a substrate management control unit, electrically connect the transmission unit, and receive the code transmitted by the transmission unit, and a platform path control unit, electrically connect the substrate management control unit and the A central processing unit, and storing the comparison database, the platform path control unit receives the code transmitted from the baseboard management control unit, and compares one of the basic input-output system image files corresponding to the code as the comparison database according to the comparison database A target image file, and transmitting the target image file to the central processing unit. The server according to claim 1, wherein the identifier comprises an analog digital conversion unit, which is electrically connected to the output terminal and receives the divided voltage, and converts the divided voltage into the code; a transmission unit; Connect the analog digital conversion unit and receive the code, a memory unit to store the comparison database, and a platform path control unit to electrically connect the transmission unit and the memory unit, the platform path control unit receives from the transmission The code transmitted by the unit, and based on the code, the basic input-output system image file corresponding to the code is compared with the comparison database stored in the memory unit as the target image file, and the target image file is transmitted to the CPU. A motherboard device is suitable for a central processing unit. The central processing unit operates in a pair of operating modes corresponding to the motherboard device. The motherboard device includes: a voltage divider having an input end and an output end. The input The terminal receives a DC voltage, and the output terminal generates a divided voltage proportional to the DC voltage and a divided voltage ratio. Among them, different divided voltage ratios correspond to different divided voltages, and different divided voltages correspond to different motherboards. An identification code; and an identifier, which electrically connects the output terminal and the central processing unit, and has a comparison database which records a plurality of motherboard identification codes respectively corresponding to different divided voltages, and a plurality of corresponding ones The basic input and output system image file of the motherboard identification code. The identifier receives the divided voltage from the voltage divider and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the divided voltage to generate a code, which corresponds to multiple codes. One of the motherboard identification codes, and the identifier is compared with the comparison database according to the codes to obtain a basic input-output system corresponding to the codes. Image file as a target image file, the central processing unit of the target image file according to the mode of operation. The motherboard device according to claim 7, wherein the voltage divider includes a first resistor and a second resistor electrically connected to the first resistor, and the first resistor has a first terminal for receiving the DC voltage As the input terminal, and a second terminal electrically connecting the second resistor and the identifier as the output terminal, the second resistor has a first terminal electrically connected to the output terminal, and a second terminal grounded. The motherboard device according to claim 7, wherein the identifier includes an analog digital conversion unit, which is electrically connected to the output terminal to receive the divided voltage, and obtains the code according to the divided voltage, a transmission unit, Connected to the analog digital conversion unit, receiving the code, and a platform path control unit, electrically connecting the transmission unit and the central processor and having the comparison database, the platform path control unit receiving the code transmitted from the transmission unit, According to the comparison database, the basic input-output system image file corresponding to the encoding is used as the target image file, and the target image file is transmitted to the central processing unit.