TWI669184B - Rotary shaft cooling system with airflow guiding heat dissipation - Google Patents
Rotary shaft cooling system with airflow guiding heat dissipation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種具氣流導引散熱作用之轉軸散熱系統,包括:主軸單元、夾具單元、風葉單元以及工具頭單元;主軸單元提供一轉動扭力,其端部設有安裝部;夾具單元具有桿身,桿身一端部可卸除地固設於安裝部,桿身另一端部設有工具頭夾持部;風葉單元具有一套設並緊固於桿身的中心孔與朝向中心孔環設的多個葉片;工具頭單元可卸除地固設於工具頭夾持部,以隨著夾具單元轉動,藉由主軸單元的轉動扭力驅動風葉單元運轉,以在風葉單元與主軸單元間製造空氣循環之散熱功能,減少由工具頭單元回傳至主軸單元的熱量。 A shaft cooling system with airflow guiding heat dissipation, comprising: a spindle unit, a clamp unit, a blade unit and a tool head unit; the spindle unit provides a rotational torque, and the end portion is provided with a mounting portion; the clamp unit has a shaft body and a shaft body One end portion is detachably fixed to the mounting portion, and the other end portion of the shaft body is provided with a tool head clamping portion; the blade unit has a set of central holes fixed and fastened to the shaft body and a plurality of blades that are annularly disposed toward the center hole The tool head unit is detachably fixed to the tool head clamping portion to drive the blade unit to operate by the rotational torque of the spindle unit as the clamp unit rotates to create a heat dissipation function of the air circulation between the blade unit and the spindle unit. , reducing the heat transferred back to the spindle unit by the tool head unit.
Description
本發明為一種轉軸散熱系統,特別是有關於應用在組合式的、轉動的加工工具上的具氣流導引散熱作用的轉軸散熱系統。 The invention relates to a shaft cooling system, in particular to a shaft cooling system with air guiding heat dissipation applied to a combined rotating tool.
一般而言,以一旋轉軸轉動其加工工具(如刀具、磨具、摩擦攪拌工具)接觸工件的工具機進行加工時,當加工工具接觸工件的過程,該加工工具會產生高溫(例如摩擦攪拌銲接過程中,摩擦攪拌頭會產生高溫500度C以上),此情形在產品進入量產製造時,該加工工具產生的持續加工高溫會傳遞至設備主軸,長久下來會加速設備內部零件損壞,而在摩擦攪拌銲接領域,尤其在生產鋁合金厚板產品,或是近年來熱門之高熔點材料銲接,攪拌之高溫皆會使設備零件加速損耗與攪拌頭磨損! Generally, when a machining tool (such as a tool, an abrasive tool, or a friction stir tool) that rotates a rotating shaft to contact a workpiece is processed, when the processing tool contacts the workpiece, the processing tool generates high temperature (for example, friction stir). During the welding process, the friction stirrer will produce a high temperature of 500 ° C or higher. In this case, when the product enters mass production, the continuous processing high temperature generated by the processing tool will be transmitted to the main shaft of the equipment, which will accelerate the damage of the internal parts of the equipment for a long time. In the field of friction stir welding, especially in the production of aluminum alloy thick plate products, or the hot high melting point materials welded in recent years, the high temperature of mixing will cause the acceleration of the equipment parts and the wear of the mixing head!
以摩擦攪拌銲接工具機為例,如圖1所示,傳統的摩擦攪拌工具為一體式設計,即攪拌頭121與安裝至主軸單元1之安裝部122均為一體成形之單一材質設計的一體式攪拌工具12,而此結構設計較易使加工時的熱量直接地、大量地傳遞至該主軸單元1,進而影響主軸單元1的壽命。 Taking the friction stir welding machine as an example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the conventional friction stir tool is an integrated design, that is, the single head of the single head material integrally formed by the stirring head 121 and the mounting portion 122 mounted to the spindle unit 1 The tool 12 is agitated, and the structural design makes it easier to transfer the heat during processing directly and in large quantities to the spindle unit 1, thereby affecting the life of the spindle unit 1.
本發明的目的在於應用組合式刀具結合於主軸單元,並結合一攪動氣流的風葉單元,在主軸單元轉動時,產生氣流循環散熱。 The object of the present invention is to apply a combined cutter to a spindle unit, and in combination with a blade unit that agitates the airflow, when the spindle unit rotates, airflow is generated to circulate heat.
為達成上述目的,本發明提供一種具氣流導引散熱作用之轉軸散熱系統,包括:一主軸單元,係提供一轉動扭力,其端部設有一安裝部;一夾具單元,其具有一桿身,該桿身一端部係可卸除地固設於該安裝部,以隨著該主軸單元轉動,該桿身另一端部設有一工具頭夾持部;一風葉單元,係具有一套設並緊固於該桿身的中心孔與環琉該中心孔設置的多個葉片;一工具頭單元,係可卸除地固設於該工具頭夾持部,以隨著該夾具單元轉動。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a shaft cooling system with airflow guiding heat dissipation, comprising: a spindle unit providing a rotational torque, and a mounting portion at the end thereof; and a clamp unit having a shaft body. One end of the shaft is detachably fixed to the mounting portion, so that the other end of the shaft is provided with a tool head clamping portion as the spindle unit rotates; and a blade unit has a set tightly a plurality of blades fixed to the central hole of the shaft and the central hole of the ring; a tool head unit removably fixed to the tool head clamping portion for rotation with the clamp unit.
在一實施例中,該工具頭單元係一切削刀具或研磨刀具。 In one embodiment, the tool head unit is a cutting tool or a grinding tool.
在一實施例中,該工具頭單元係一摩擦攪拌銲接(Friction Stir Welding)工具之攪拌頭。 In one embodiment, the tool head unit is a stirring head of a Friction Stir Welding tool.
在一實施例中,該風葉單元係以熱套組配方式安裝於該夾具單元之該桿身。 In an embodiment, the blade unit is mounted to the shaft of the clamp unit in a heat jacket assembly manner.
在一實施例中,該夾具單元之該攪拌頭夾持部較該桿身凸出,而形成一肩部,且該風葉單元係抵靠於該肩部。 In an embodiment, the stirring head clamping portion of the clamp unit protrudes from the shaft to form a shoulder, and the blade unit abuts against the shoulder.
在一實施例中,該風葉單元係為高導熱材質所製成。 In one embodiment, the blade unit is made of a highly thermally conductive material.
在一實施例中,該些葉片應用其傾角或曲面造形,使該夾具單元旋轉時將該葉片外圍的空氣引導往該桿身方向流動。 In one embodiment, the blades are shaped by their angle of inclination or curved surface to cause the air around the blade to flow toward the shaft when the clamp unit is rotated.
在一實施例中,該主軸單元係設置於一工具機殼體,該工具機殼體可隨著該主軸單元同步移動,但不轉動,該轉軸散熱系統更包含一導流罩單元,其係具有一固定部及一罩體部,該固定部用以安裝至該工具機殼體上並籠罩該主軸單元,該罩體部一側具有一朝向該風葉單元的罩口,該導流罩靠近該 主軸單元處設置有多個貫穿孔,該罩體設有一由該罩口向該固定部收縮之錐面,上述該些貫穿孔任設置於該錐面上。 In an embodiment, the spindle unit is disposed in a machine tool housing, and the machine tool housing can move synchronously with the spindle unit, but does not rotate. The shaft cooling system further includes a shroud unit. Having a fixing portion and a cover portion for mounting to the machine tool housing and enclosing the spindle unit, the cover portion has a cover opening facing the blade unit on one side, the flow guide cover is adjacent to The A plurality of through holes are disposed in the spindle unit, and the cover body is provided with a tapered surface that is contracted toward the fixing portion by the cover, and the through holes are disposed on the tapered surface.
本發明的特點在於,本發明應用組合式刀具(由夾具單元、風葉單元、工具頭單元組合)安裝於主軸單元,使工具頭單元的熱量不會直接、全數地傳導至主軸單元。本發明在組合式刀具所應用的風葉單元,可應用主軸單元轉動的扭力,驅動風葉單元旋轉,導引空氣,以產生空氣循環對流,提高組合式刀具的散熱能力,且在進一步選擇高導熱材質製成之該風葉單元後,可更進一步提昇熱交換效能;本創作可在加工過程中即同時進行散熱,且針對特定不宜使用外部空冷設備的加工種類,如摩擦攪拌銲接而言,本創作可不須外加外部空冷設備(攪拌過程中亦不宜使用空冷設備)即可對主軸單元及工具頭單元進行散熱。 The present invention is characterized in that the present invention is applied to a spindle unit by a combination cutter (combined by a clamp unit, a blade unit, and a tool head unit) so that the heat of the tool head unit is not directly and completely transmitted to the spindle unit. The blade unit applied in the combined cutter can apply the torque of the rotation of the spindle unit, drive the blade unit to rotate, guide the air to generate air circulation convection, improve the heat dissipation capability of the combined tool, and further select a high thermal conductivity material. After the blade unit is made, the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved; the creation can simultaneously dissipate heat during the processing, and for the specific processing type that is not suitable for using the external air cooling device, such as friction stir welding, the creation may not The external unit air-cooling equipment (air-cooling equipment should not be used during the mixing process) can dissipate heat from the spindle unit and the tool head unit.
A‧‧‧工具機 A‧‧‧Tool Machine
B‧‧‧機座 B‧‧‧ machine base
AF‧‧‧氣流 AF‧‧‧ airflow
HF‧‧‧熱流 HF‧‧‧ heat flow
S‧‧‧間隔 S‧‧‧ interval
1‧‧‧主軸單元 1‧‧‧ spindle unit
11‧‧‧安裝部 11‧‧‧Installation Department
12‧‧‧一體式攪拌工具 12‧‧‧Integral mixing tool
121‧‧‧攪拌頭 121‧‧‧Stirring head
122‧‧‧安裝部 122‧‧‧Installation Department
2‧‧‧夾具單元 2‧‧‧Clamp unit
21‧‧‧桿身 21‧‧‧ shaft
22‧‧‧工具頭夾持部 22‧‧‧Tool head clamping
23‧‧‧肩部 23‧‧‧ Shoulder
3‧‧‧風葉單元 3‧‧‧Wind leaf unit
31‧‧‧中心孔 31‧‧‧ center hole
32‧‧‧葉片 32‧‧‧ blades
4‧‧‧工具頭單元 4‧‧‧Tool head unit
41‧‧‧頭端 41‧‧‧ head end
42‧‧‧安裝端 42‧‧‧Installation end
421‧‧‧端面 421‧‧‧ end face
5‧‧‧導流罩單元 5‧‧‧Shroud unit
51‧‧‧固定部 51‧‧‧ Fixed Department
52‧‧‧罩體部 52‧‧‧ Cover
521‧‧‧罩口 521‧‧‧ Cover
53‧‧‧錐面 53‧‧‧ Cone
54‧‧‧貫穿孔 54‧‧‧through holes
[圖1]為先前技術之一體式的工具頭單元;[圖2]為本發明之具氣流導引散熱作用之轉軸散熱系統之前視分解圖;[圖3]為本發明之具氣流導引散熱作用之轉軸散熱系統之組合式刀具的立體分解圖;[圖4]為圖3之立體組合圖;[圖5]為圖4之前視剖視圖;[圖6]為圖2之未加導流罩單元的前視組合圖;[圖7]為圖2之前視組合圖。 [Fig. 1] is a tool head unit of one of the prior art; [Fig. 2] is a front exploded view of the shaft cooling system with airflow guiding heat dissipation effect of the present invention; [Fig. 3] An exploded view of the combined tool of the heat-dissipating shaft cooling system; [Fig. 4] is a perspective assembled view of Fig. 3; [Fig. 5] is a front cross-sectional view of Fig. 4; [Fig. 6] is a non-conducting flow of Fig. 2. A front view combination view of the cover unit; [Fig. 7] is a front view combination view of Fig. 2.
茲配合圖式將本創作實施例詳細說明如下,其所附圖式主要為簡化之示意圖,僅以示意方式說明本創作之基本結構,因此在該等圖式中僅標示與本創作有關之元件,且所顯示之元件並非以實施時之數目、形狀、尺寸比例等加以繪製,其實際實施時之規格尺寸實為一種選擇性之設計,且其元件佈局形態有可能更為複雜。 The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are mainly simplified schematic diagrams, and only the basic structure of the present invention is illustrated in a schematic manner, so only the components related to the present creation are indicated in the drawings. The components shown are not drawn in the number, shape, size ratio, etc. at the time of implementation, and the actual size of the implementation is a selective design, and the component layout form may be more complicated.
請參照圖2、圖3、圖4及圖5所示。本實施例之具氣流導引散熱作用之轉軸散熱系統,其主要係應用於一轉軸(例如一工具機A主軸)上,其包括:主軸單元1、夾具單元2、風葉單元3及工具頭單元4。該主軸單元1,係提供一轉動扭力,主軸單元1的端部設有一安裝部11;該夾具單元2,一般可為鋼製品,其具有一桿身21,該桿身21一端部係可卸除地固設於該主軸單元1的該安裝部11,以使該夾具單元2隨著該主軸單元1的轉動而轉動,該桿身21另一端部設有一工具頭夾持部22;該風葉單元3,係具有一套設並緊固於該桿身21的中心孔31與環繞該中心孔31設置的多個葉片32,其緊固方式可採用熱套組配方式為之,但不以此緊固工法為限;該工具頭單元4(該工具頭單元4可為切削刀具、研磨刀具或銲接工具,例如本實施例引用之摩擦攪拌銲接工具),係可卸除地固設於該夾具單元2的該工具頭夾持部22,以隨著該夾具單元2的轉動而轉動。上述夾具單元2、風葉單元3、工具頭單元4組合為一組合式刀具。 Please refer to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. The rotating shaft heat dissipation system with the airflow guiding heat dissipation function of the embodiment is mainly applied to a rotating shaft (for example, a machine tool A main shaft), which comprises: a spindle unit 1, a clamp unit 2, a blade unit 3 and a tool head unit. 4. The spindle unit 1 is provided with a rotational torque. The end of the spindle unit 1 is provided with a mounting portion 11; the clamp unit 2 is generally a steel product having a shaft 21, and the shaft 21 is detachable at one end. The mounting portion 11 is fixed to the mounting portion 11 of the spindle unit 1 so that the clamp unit 2 rotates with the rotation of the spindle unit 1. The other end portion of the shaft 21 is provided with a tool head clamping portion 22; The unit 3 has a set of central holes 31 which are fastened to the shaft 21 and a plurality of blades 32 disposed around the central hole 31. The fastening method can be adopted by a hot sleeve assembly method, but The fastening method is limited; the tool head unit 4 (the tool head unit 4 may be a cutting tool, a grinding tool or a welding tool, such as the friction stir welding tool cited in this embodiment) is removably fixed to the tool head unit 4 The tool head holding portion 22 of the gripper unit 2 is rotated in accordance with the rotation of the gripper unit 2. The clamp unit 2, the blade unit 3, and the tool head unit 4 are combined into a combined cutter.
如圖6所示,藉由上述結構,當該主軸單元1轉動時,該風葉單元3即可隨之旋轉,因此該些葉片32可導引該組合式刀具的外部空氣形成循環氣流以對組合式刀具上的熱量進行散熱,例如,該些葉片32應用其傾角或曲面造形, 使該夾具單元2旋轉時將該葉片32外圍的空氣引導往該桿身21的方向流動,如圖6之虛線箭頭標示之氣流AF。 As shown in FIG. 6, with the above structure, when the spindle unit 1 rotates, the blade unit 3 can rotate accordingly, so that the blades 32 can guide the external air of the combined cutter to form a circulating airflow to combine The heat on the cutter heats off, for example, the blades 32 are shaped by their inclination or curved surface. When the clamp unit 2 is rotated, the air around the vane 32 is guided to flow in the direction of the shaft 21, as indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG.
當然,另一實施例中,該些葉片32應用其傾角或曲面造形,使該夾具單元2旋轉時將該葉片32外圍的空氣引導往遠離該桿身21的方向流動。 Of course, in another embodiment, the vanes 32 are applied with their inclination or curved shape to guide the air around the vane 32 to flow away from the shaft 21 when the gripper unit 2 rotates.
進一步地,如圖2、圖7所示,該主軸單元1係設置於一工具機A機座B上,該工具機A的機座B可隨著該主軸單元1同步移動,但不隨之轉動,該轉軸散熱系統更包含一導流罩單元5,其係具有一固定部51及一罩體部52,該固定部51用以安裝至該工具機A之機座B上並籠罩該主軸單元1,該罩體部52一側具有一朝向該風葉單元3的罩口521,該導流罩單元5靠近該主軸單元1處設置有多個貫穿孔54。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 , the spindle unit 1 is disposed on a machine tool A base B. The base B of the machine tool A can move synchronously with the spindle unit 1 but does not follow The rotating shaft heat dissipating system further includes a shroud unit 5 having a fixing portion 51 and a cover portion 52 for mounting to the base B of the machine tool A and enclosing the main shaft The unit 1 has a cover opening 521 facing the blade unit 3 on the side of the cover portion 52. The guide cover unit 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 54 near the spindle unit 1.
在一導流罩單元5的實施例中,該罩體部52設有一由該罩口521向該固定部51收縮之錐面53,較佳地,該些貫穿孔54係設置於該錐面53上。 In the embodiment of the shroud unit 5, the cover portion 52 is provided with a tapered surface 53 which is contracted toward the fixing portion 51 by the cover opening 521. Preferably, the through holes 54 are disposed on the tapered surface. 53 on.
在一實施例中,如圖3與圖5所示。本實施例中,該工具頭單元4包含一加工工件(未圖示)的頭端41與供插入該工具頭夾持部22的安裝端42,在安裝後(通常的安裝方式為該工具頭夾持部22設置一下凹之螺孔、該安裝端42為一凸螺桿,兩者互相螺鎖固定),該安裝端42面向該工具頭夾持部22的端面421與該工具頭夾持部22保持一充滿空氣的間隔S而使該端面421不抵接於該工具頭夾持部22,以減少該工具頭單元4的熱量直接傳遞至該夾具單元2的途徑。 In an embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 5. In this embodiment, the tool head unit 4 includes a head end 41 of a workpiece (not shown) and a mounting end 42 for inserting the tool head clamping portion 22, after installation (the usual mounting method is the tool head) The clamping portion 22 is provided with a concave screw hole, the mounting end 42 is a convex screw, and the two are screwed together. The mounting end 42 faces the end surface 421 of the tool head clamping portion 22 and the tool head clamping portion. The air-filled space S is maintained such that the end surface 421 does not abut against the tool head clamping portion 22 to reduce the direct transfer of heat from the tool head unit 4 to the clamp unit 2.
承上所述,更進一步地,當該風葉單元3以高導熱材質(如鋁材)所製成時,該工具頭單元4的熱量傳遞至該風葉單元3時,該風葉單元3可快速地吸收其熱量,並散發至空氣中(如圖7之實線箭頭標示之熱流HF),而能減少該工具頭單元4傳導至該夾具單元2的熱量。 According to the above, further, when the blade unit 3 is made of a high heat conductive material (such as aluminum), when the heat of the tool head unit 4 is transmitted to the blade unit 3, the blade unit 3 can be quickly The heat is absorbed and emitted into the air (the heat flow HF indicated by the solid arrow in Fig. 7), and the heat transferred from the tool head unit 4 to the clamp unit 2 can be reduced.
為使該風葉單元3牢牢地安裝在該夾具單元2的該工具頭夾持部22上方,該工具頭夾持部22係凸出於該桿身21而形成一肩部23,且該風葉單元3係抵靠於該肩部23。 In order to securely mount the blade unit 3 above the tool head clamping portion 22 of the clamp unit 2, the tool head clamping portion 22 protrudes from the shaft 21 to form a shoulder portion 23, and the blade The unit 3 is abutted against the shoulder 23.
上述實施形態僅例示性說明本創作之原理、特點及其功效,並非用以限制本創作之可實施範疇,任何熟習此項技藝之人士均可在不違背本創作之精神及範疇下,對上述實施形態進行修飾與改變。任何運用本創作所揭示內容而完成之等效改變及修飾,均仍應為下述之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。因此,本創作之權利保護範圍,應如申請專利範圍所列。 The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles, features, and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can do so without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The embodiment is modified and changed. Any equivalent changes and modifications made using the content disclosed in this work should be covered by the scope of the following patent application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this creation should be as listed in the scope of patent application.
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TWI761949B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-04-21 | 喬崴進科技股份有限公司 | Friction stir welding adapter and tool holder having a spindle torque transmission system |
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