TWI661959B - Easing and acceleration device for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is an electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device. The electric gate is connected to the input terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit, and the output terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit is connected to a controller. The controller is a DC / AC converter (inverter), The power supply is converted into three-phase AC power and output to the drive motor to drive the driving wheels. The mitigation acceleration circuit includes a smoothing circuit to slow down the rising slope of the output signal voltage V _T of the gate to avoid drastic acceleration and start or drive the electric vehicle. It is easy to control when it is dangerous, so as to avoid the danger caused by the storm.

Description

Easing and acceleration device for electric vehicle

The invention relates to a moderating and accelerating device for an electric vehicle, in particular to a mode for accelerating and accelerating an electric vehicle during start-up or running, so that it is easy to handle, does not cause a storm, and has safety.

Generally, when starting a gasoline or diesel vehicle, you need to step on the brake pedal, start the engine, and maintain a stable idling speed before driving in gear. Therefore, it is safe to start driving. However, for electric vehicles, the zero-speed torque of the drive motor is quite large, especially for two-wheel electric locomotive. Without clutch and direct drive start, it will cause safety problems such as unstable starting control and storm.

Because the use environment is in many hills and hills, the electric locomotive (electric bicycle) with conventional wheel hub motors has insufficient climbing ability. It is necessary to increase the horsepower or the gear shift motor to gain the climbing ability before it is convenient to use. The electric locomotive has too much torque during starting and low-speed (low-speed) driving, which is difficult to handle, and frequent injuries caused by crashes, especially for female users, are often regarded as fearful.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a moderating and accelerating device for an electric vehicle. For a low-speed or low-speed electric vehicle with an electric motor vehicle with a gearshift motor or a large-horsepower wheel motor, the moderating and acceleration device is used to make the vehicle easier to handle due to the large torque. , And those with security.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device, which has a buffering start function when the electric vehicle is started, so that the vehicle is easy to handle and does not cause damage during startup. Become a storm rusher.

The technical measures adopted to achieve the above purpose include: a relaxation acceleration circuit, a controller, a driving motor, a driving wheel and an electric gate, the electric gate is connected to the input end of the relaxation acceleration circuit, and the output of the relaxation acceleration circuit The terminal is connected to a controller. The controller is a DC / AC converter (inverter), which converts DC power into three-phase AC power and outputs it to the drive motor to make the drive wheels rotate. Among them, the relaxation acceleration circuit includes a smoothing circuit. Among them, the smoothing circuit includes an integrating circuit to slow down the rising slope of the output signal voltage of the electric gate to avoid drastic acceleration, and to make it easier to control the electric vehicle when it starts or runs, so as to avoid the danger of storms.

Another technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose includes: a relaxation acceleration circuit, a controller, a driving motor, a driving wheel and an electric gate, the electric gate is connected to the input end of the relaxation acceleration circuit, and the relaxation acceleration circuit The output terminal is connected to a controller. The controller is a DC / AC converter (inverter), which converts DC power into three-phase AC power and outputs it to the drive motor to make the drive wheels rotate. The moderating acceleration circuit includes a smoothing circuit. In order to avoid drastic acceleration, it is easy to control the electric vehicle when starting or driving, so as to avoid the danger of violent shock. The easing and acceleration device of the electric vehicle further includes a buffer starting circuit, which makes the startup safer and facilitates driving and driving fun. .

Another technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose includes: a buffer start circuit, a controller, a drive motor, a drive wheel, and a switch, wherein the switch is connected to the input end of the buffer start circuit, and the buffer start The output end of the circuit is connected to the controller. The controller is a DC / AC converter, which converts DC power into three-phase AC power and outputs it to the drive motor to make the drive wheels rotate. The buffer start circuit is used to limit the electric When the vehicle starts, the rising slope of the output signal voltage of the door changes drastically to avoid drastic acceleration during startup and the danger caused by the storm. The easing and acceleration device of the electric vehicle further includes a smoothing circuit, so that the vehicle can provide a different acceleration slope during starting and normal driving, and make the starting safer and more convenient for driving and driving.

Another technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose includes: a buffer start circuit, a controller, a drive motor, a drive wheel and an electric gate, wherein the electric gate is connected to the input end of the buffer start circuit, and the buffer start The output end of the circuit is connected to the controller. The controller is a DC / AC converter, which converts DC power into three-phase AC power and outputs it to the drive motor to make the drive wheels rotate. The buffer start circuit is used to limit the electric When the vehicle starts, the rising slope of the output signal voltage of the electric door changes drastically. The buffer start circuit is a interceptor, which includes: a diode, a start waveform generating circuit, and a zero-speed detection device to avoid drastic acceleration during startup. Danger from a storm.

In the above-mentioned zero-speed detection device, when the electric vehicle is stopped, the zero-speed detection device quickly resets the buffer starting circuit to the state before starting, so that the electric vehicle can be buffered to start when it is restarted to avoid storm.

The above-mentioned zero-speed detection device is a switch for detecting the stopping of a motor vehicle. The input of the zero-speed detection device includes: a signal voltage of an electric door and a vehicle speed signal voltage; an output circuit point of the device, and the operation logic of the zero-speed detection device includes : When the vehicle is stopped and the electric switch is returned to its original position, the zero-speed detection device is in an active state. The reset will make the voltage to ground approach 0V. When the green light of the traffic signal lights up, the function of buffering will be repeated.

The above-mentioned startup waveform generating circuit includes one of a resistor or a current source versus an integrating capacitor.

The above-mentioned startup waveform generating circuit is composed of multiple sets of different rising slopes.

The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the embodiments of the following drawings.

10‧‧‧ Mitigation acceleration circuit

100‧‧‧ smoothing circuit

101‧‧‧ buffer start circuit

102‧‧‧Start waveform generation circuit

103‧‧‧Zero speed detection device

104‧‧‧Voltage follower

20‧‧‧ Controller

30‧‧‧Drive motor

40‧‧‧Drive Wheel

50‧‧‧ Switch

A‧‧‧Circuit point

B‧‧‧Circuit output point

B'‧‧‧Circuit point

D‧‧‧Circuit point

C _A ‧‧‧Integral Capacitor

Rd‧‧‧ Resistor

Rs‧‧‧ resistor

Rc ₁ ‧‧‧ Voltage Dividing Circuit

Rc ₂ ‧‧‧ Voltage Dividing Circuit

Rc ₃ ‧‧‧ Voltage Dividing Circuit

R _L ‧‧‧ Resistor

Ds‧‧‧diode

Io‧‧‧ current source

Is‧‧‧Signal Source Current

V _T ‧‧‧Signal voltage

Vn‧‧‧vehicle speed signal voltage

V _A ‧‧‧ Voltage to ground

V _B ‧‧‧ Output signal voltage

VB'‧‧‧Voltage

Vcc‧‧‧ supply voltage

Figure 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the architecture of the electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device buffer start circuit; and Figure 3 is a zero of the electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device Speed detection device circuit embodiment; FIG. 4A is a graph of a switch signal voltage V _T used by ordinary users; FIG. 4B is a graph of a voltage V _A to ground of a circuit point A with a buffered starting device according to the present invention; FIG. 4C The figure is a curve diagram of the output signal voltage V _B (VB ') of the start-up section and the normal driving section after being modified by the mitigation acceleration device of the present invention; FIG. 5A is a similar startup waveform chart obtained by using a resistor, a current source, and an integrator; Figure 5B is a startup waveform diagram consisting of two or more stages of rising slope.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a moderating and accelerating device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, including a moderating and accelerating circuit 10, a controller 20, a driving motor 30, a driving wheel 40 and a switch 50.

The electric gate 50 is connected to the input terminal of the mitigation and acceleration circuit 10, and the output terminal of the mitigation and acceleration circuit 10 is connected to the controller 20, which is a DC / AC converter (inverter), which converts the DC power into three phases The AC power is output to the drive motor 30, and the drive wheel 40 is rotated.

The smoothing acceleration circuit 10 includes a smoothing circuit 100, which slows down the rising slope of the signal voltage V _T (output by the electric gate 50) to alleviate the fierce acceleration of the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle is easy to handle when it is running, so as not to generate danger.

The smoothing circuit 100 can be composed of a simple passive component RC circuit, a more complex integrating circuit, or a circuit composed of different slopes at different times to reduce the slope of the output waveform. The mitigation acceleration circuit 10 can also be incorporated into the circuit of the controller 20 when necessary to simplify the circuit structure.

In order to simplify the description, the electric vehicle of the present invention is described below with an electric vehicle as an example. The electric door 50 of a general electric vehicle is a Hall handle. The output signal voltage V _T represents zero speed when the handle is not turned. , Its output minimum voltage V _T min is about 0.8 ~ 0.9v; when the handlebar is turned to the bottom to represent the maximum vehicle speed, its output maximum signal voltage V _T max is about 3.7 ~ 4.0V.

The drive motor 30 of the electric locomotive is usually a brushless (or brushed) DC motor. The low-speed (zero-speed) torque is large, and there is no clutch or direct-drive start. If there is no mitigation acceleration device, start or low-speed ( Gear) will cause safety problems such as violent rush (lifting the front wheel) and difficult control.

As shown in FIG. 2, it is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the electric vehicle moderating and accelerating device of the present invention. In order to make it safer to start a multi-speed transmission or a large-horsepower electric vehicle, the present invention includes the original smooth circuit. In addition to reducing the sharp acceleration during normal driving of the electric vehicle, 100 is also equipped with a buffer start circuit 101; the acceleration slope of the vehicle from buffer start when stopped can be different from (less than) the acceleration slope during normal driving, which makes the startup safe and facilitates driving control More fun driving. However, for an electric locomotive or an electric bicycle with a generally low-power wheel motor, the smoothing circuit 100 can be simplified, and only the buffer starting circuit 101 is retained, so that the starting is gentle and safe.

The buffer starting circuit 101 is a cut-off circuit, which includes a diode Ds, a starting waveform generating circuit 102 and a zero-speed detecting device 103.

The starting waveform generating circuit 102 includes an integrating capacitor C _A , a current source Io, and another signal source current Is. When the current source Io is much larger than the signal source current Is, the signal source current Is can be ignored.

The zero speed detection device 103 is a switch for detecting the stop (zero speed) of a motor vehicle. The device has two inputs: a signal voltage V _{T of} a switch 50 and a vehicle speed signal voltage V _N (taken from a drive motor or a wheel); The output circuit point D of the device.

The operation logic of the zero speed detection device 103 is as follows: When the vehicle is completely stopped and the handlebar is put back, the zero speed detection device 103 is in an actuated state: that is, the switch shorts the output circuit point D to ground and makes the integral of the circuit point A The capacitor C _A is quickly discharged through the resistor Rd, and the reset makes the voltage V _A to the ground approach 0V.

When the red light turns green, turn the handle to increase the output signal voltage V _{T of the} switch, then the zero speed detection device 103 is switched to an inactive state: that is, the switch makes the output circuit point D open to the ground and the integration capacitor C _A by charging current source Io, so that the circuit point A ground voltage V _A rises linearly from 0V. Because VB '> V _A and diode Ds are turned on, the interception function generated makes VB' similar to the voltage V _A to the ground (VB '= V _A + VDS), and it is also a voltage waveform that rises linearly with time. , So the function of buffer startup is achieved.

The high input impedance and low output impedance of the voltage follower 104 are used for impedance matching; the output signal voltage V _B (V _B ≒ VB ') at the circuit output point B is the input signal of the controller 20 .

As shown in Fig. 3, the circuit embodiment of the zero-speed detection device 103, wherein the circuit input and output relative circuit points are the same as in Fig. 2, and their functions are the same, and they are not intended to be repeated. Only the internal circuits are described as follows: U3, U4 U5 and U5 are open-collector comparators, and the two circuit nodes of the voltage divider circuits Rc ₁ , Rc ₂ , and Rc ₃ each set the non-inverting input terminals of U3 and U4 to 0.3V and 1V, and U3 and U4 the output terminal of the resistor R _L to form a gate wiring or (wiredORgate).

When the vehicle stops at a red light (vehicle speed signal voltage <0.3V) and the handlebar is put back (signal voltage V _T <1V of the switch 50), the zero speed detection device 103 is in an activated state; the wiring or brake is open to ground The output of U5 is short-circuited to ground, and the reset (Reset) makes the voltage V _A to ground approach 0V.

When the green light is on, turn the handlebar (signal voltage V _T > V of the switch 50), so the zero-speed detection device 103 turns to an inactive state, and the vehicle starts running; short the wiring or brake to ground, and the output of U5 to ground open circuit. The vehicle started smoothly according to the original function of the buffer start.

When driving normally or the vehicle is coasting, as long as the vehicle speed signal voltage V _N > 0.3V (not completely stopped), the zero speed detection device 103 is still inactive; the wiring or brake is shorted to ground, and the output of U5 is open to ground. The buffer start function is not activated.

When the red light is encountered again, the vehicle is completely stopped (vehicle speed signal voltage V _N <0.3V), and the handlebar is put back (signal voltage V _T <1V of the electric door 50), then the zero speed detection device 103 is in an activated state again; Then the wiring or brake is open to ground, and the output of U5 is shorted to ground. Reset (Reset) makes the voltage to ground V _A approach 0V. Wait for the green light to light up and activate the buffer start function again.

As shown in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, T0 ~ T1 are the start acceleration zone (the buffer start device is activated); T1 ~ T3 are the normal driving zone; T3 ~ T0 'are the brake to stop zone when the red light is encountered; T0' ~ T1 'For the green light turns on again, another buffer start cycle.

As shown in Figure 4A, it is a graph of the output voltage V _{T of the} electric door used by ordinary car users. When the red light at the intersection turns green, the car user may be full of electric doors (T0 ~ T1 in the figure), and the maximum is obtained. Acceleration ability; when the electric motor driving motor 30 is started at zero speed, there will be a risk of violent shock due to direct drive and excessive torque. Therefore, soft starting is a necessary safety measure or Device.

As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, T0 ~ T1 is the period during which the buffer start circuit 101 is operating. From the zero speed to the T1 time point (the completion point of the buffer start circuit 101 operation) according to the set acceleration slope, then the waveform generating circuit 102 is started. The voltage V _A to the ground of the circuit point _{A is} higher than the voltage VB 'of the circuit point B, so the diode Ds is reversely turned off, and the buffer start circuit 101 is cut off.

The voltage V _A to ground shown in FIG. 4B continues to rise to the supply voltage Vcc at time point T2.

As shown in Figures 4A and 4C, T1 ~ T3 are during normal driving. After the buffer start circuit 101 is cut off at T1, the signal voltage V _T passes through the smoothing circuit 100 to output a smoother signal voltage VB '(about equal to V _B ) To slow down acceleration during normal driving.

As shown in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, the period from T3 to T0 'is waiting for the red light to stop. At T3, stop at the red light and put the handle back; the zero-speed detection device 103 is activated, and the reset command is issued. The voltage to ground V _A approaches 0V, and it is ready to repeat the buffer start function when the green light restarts.

The period from T0 'to T1' is the operation period of the buffer starting device again. When the green light is on at T0 'time, the function of buffer starting is repeated. The zero-speed detection device 103 operates every time the electric vehicle is stopped, so that the chopping circuit is restored to the state before the start, so that when the electric vehicle is started (or the green light is on), it can slowly increase the speed according to the set rising slope to buffer the Activate without being rushed.

As shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, it is a waveform of various time-rising waves generated by the startup waveform generating circuit 102. Among them, Fig. 5A is a current source plus a capacitor or a current source plus an integrator or a resistor instead of a current source. Similar waveform diagram; Figure 5B is a waveform diagram of a two-stage or multi-stage rising slope amplifier.

The above description of the present invention is a specific description of a feasible embodiment, but the implementation The examples are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention, and any equivalent implementations, modifications, or changes that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims (8)

An easing and accelerating device for an electric vehicle includes a easing and accelerating circuit (10), a controller (20), a driving motor (30), a driving wheel (40), and an electric door (50). The electric door (50) is connected to The input terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit (10) and the output terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit (10) are connected to a controller (20), which is a DC / AC converter that converts a DC power source into a three-phase The AC power is output to the driving motor (30), which causes the driving wheel (40) to rotate; the moderating acceleration circuit (10) further includes a smoothing circuit (100); wherein the smoothing circuit (100) includes an integrating circuit to slow down The rising slope of the output signal voltage (V _T ) of the electric door (50) to avoid drastic acceleration, so that the electric vehicle is easy to control when starting or driving, so as to avoid the danger of storm. An easing and accelerating device for an electric vehicle includes a easing and accelerating circuit (10), a controller (20), a driving motor (30), a driving wheel (40), and an electric door (50). The electric door (50) is connected to The input terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit (10) and the output terminal of the mitigation acceleration circuit (10) are connected to a controller (20), which is a DC / AC converter that converts a DC power source into a three-phase The AC power is output to the driving motor (30), so that the driving wheel (40) rotates; the easing acceleration circuit (10) includes a smoothing circuit (100), thereby slowing the rising slope of the output signal voltage (V _T ) of the electric gate (50) In order to avoid drastic acceleration, it is easy to control the electric vehicle when starting or driving, so as to avoid the danger of violent shock. Among them, the easing acceleration device of the electric vehicle further includes a buffer starting circuit (101), which makes the starting safer and facilitates driving More driving fun. An electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device includes: a buffer start circuit (101), a controller (20), a drive motor (30), a drive wheel (40), and an electric door (50), wherein the electric door (50) Connected to the input of the buffer start circuit (101), and the output of the buffer start circuit (101) is connected to the controller (20). The controller (20) is a DC / AC converter and converts DC power. It is a three-phase AC power output to the drive motor (30), so that the drive wheel (40) rotates; the buffer start circuit (101) is used to limit the electric signal (V _T ) output by the electric door (50) when the electric vehicle starts. The ascending slope of the electric vehicle is greatly changed to avoid the danger of rapid acceleration at the time of starting and the danger caused by the rush. Among them, the electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device further includes a smoothing circuit (100) to make the vehicle different from the normal use during the startup. It accelerates the slope and makes the start safer and more conducive to driving and driving fun. An electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device includes: a buffer start circuit (101), a controller (20), a drive motor (30), a drive wheel (40), and an electric door (50), wherein the electric door (50) Connected to the input of the buffer start circuit (101), and the output of the buffer start circuit (101) is connected to the controller (20). The controller (20) is a DC / AC converter and converts DC power. It is a three-phase AC power output to the drive motor (30), so that the drive wheel (40) rotates; the buffer start circuit (101) is used to limit the electric signal (V _T ) output by the electric door (50) when the electric vehicle starts. The rising slope is greatly changed. Among them, the buffer starting circuit (101) is a wave-cutting device, including: a diode (Ds), a starting waveform generating circuit (102), and a zero-speed detecting device (103) to avoid starting. Accelerates fiercely, the danger caused by the storm. The easing and acceleration device for electric vehicles according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the zero speed detection device (103) resets the buffer start circuit (101) quickly when the electric vehicle is stopped. To the state before the start, it can buffer the start when the electric vehicle starts again, so as to avoid storm. The electric vehicle mitigation and acceleration device according to item 4 or 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the zero-speed detection device (103) is a switch for detecting the stopping of the electric vehicle, and the input of the zero-speed detection device (103) includes: The signal voltage (V _T ) of the electric door (50) and a vehicle speed signal voltage (V _N ); the output circuit point (D) of the device, and the operating logic of the zero speed detection device (103) includes: when the vehicle stops, and the electric door ( 50) When returning to position, the zero-speed detection device (103) is in an active state, resetting makes the voltage to ground (V _A ) approach 0V, and the function of buffering is repeated when the green light of the traffic signal is on. The easing and acceleration device for an electric vehicle according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the starting waveform generating circuit (102) includes a resistor (Rs) or a current source (Io) to the integrating capacitor (C _A ). One. The easing and acceleration device for an electric vehicle according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the starting waveform generating circuit (102) is composed of multiple sets of different rising slopes.