CN102299673A - Cooperative chopped wave starting circuit and method for switched reluctance motor - Google Patents
Cooperative chopped wave starting circuit and method for switched reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102299673A CN102299673A CN2011102542383A CN201110254238A CN102299673A CN 102299673 A CN102299673 A CN 102299673A CN 2011102542383 A CN2011102542383 A CN 2011102542383A CN 201110254238 A CN201110254238 A CN 201110254238A CN 102299673 A CN102299673 A CN 102299673A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooperative chopped wave starting circuit for a switched reluctance motor. One output end of a power converter (3) is connected with the switched reluctance motor, and the other output end of the power converter (3) is connected with the input end of a current sampling circuit (4) and outputs a phase current sampling signal to the current sampling circuit (4); the output end of the current sampling circuit (4) is connected with the input end of an amplifying circuit (5); the current sampling circuit (4) amplifies the phase current sampling signal through the amplifying circuit (5); and the output end of the amplifying circuit (5) is respectively connected with the input end of a microprocessor (1) and the input end of a hysteresis comparison circuit (7). The circuit can control current when the switched reluctance motor is started instantaneously and operated at a low speed so as to provide important efficiency and safety guarantee for a reluctance motor speed regulation control system; and the invention has the advantages that: the circuit and the method are simple, the current is controlled flexibly and accurately, cost is low, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to collaborative copped wave start-up circuit of a kind of switched reluctance machines and method, solving switched reluctance machines needs in start-up course the accurately requirement of control of Current Control, and combines software-hardware synergism copped wave control, has brought into play advantage separately.Belong to Motor Control Field.
Background technology
Switched reluctance machines is simple in structure firm, reliable operation, the efficient height is compared with traditional AC-DC speed-regulating system by its Switch reluctance motor driving system that constitutes, have many advantages, as: starting torque is big, speed-regulating range width, control is flexibly, can conveniently realize four quadrant running, have stronger regenerative braking ability, in the rotating speed of broadness and power bracket, all have high efficiency, help saving energy and reduce the cost; Can work in high rotating speed; But phase-deficient operation, fault-tolerant ability is strong etc.
Switched reluctance machines is owing to rotational voltage when starting is 0, so the phase current rising is very fast, needs controller in start-up course electric current to be controlled.Traditional current control method all is to utilize special-purpose hard chopper circuit to realize copped wave control usually, promptly in the power inverter of controller, carry out the sampling and the amplification of phase current signal behind the series current transducer, and utilize sluggish amplifying circuit to realize the control of phase current copped wave upper and lower bound.Hardware based chopper circuit has the advantage of high real-time, the limit of the copped wave of Control current accurately in heavy load starting and operation.But hard copped wave action can be subjected to the influence of burr in the prime sampling amplifying signal, the phenomenon of mistake copped wave may take place, promptly do not reach the copped wave upper limit and switching tube mistake is closed at electric machine phase current, perhaps electric current reaches after the copped wave upper limit and the switching tube refusal is closed, the former can cause the switching tube switching frequency to increase than normal, and reducing output torque, the latter can cause electric machine phase current to exceed the tolerance range of switching tube, thereby the life-span of switching tube and the power consumption of system are impacted.
Soft chopping method can be avoided mistake copped wave phenomenon, promptly by being built in the burr in the soft copped wave method of discrimination filtering prime sampling amplifying signal in the microprocessor, more accurately judges phase current values, thereby realizes the control of copped wave accurately.The present invention is on existing hard copped wave basis, in conjunction with soft chopping method electric motor starting moment is carried out accurate copped wave control, implement hard copped wave in startup elder generation's short time moment, then convert soft chopping way rapidly to, can reduce the switching tube mistake that starts after moment and close and open by mistake phenomenon, and reduce torque pulsation in the switched reluctance machines running, thereby improved the stability of system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem:The objective of the invention is in order to solve in the existing electric motor starting process accurate control problem electric current.Collaborative copped wave start-up circuit of a kind of switched reluctance machines and method are provided, can have realized controlling in real time and accurately the switched reluctance machines phase current.Can reduce the switching tube mistake that starts after moment and close and open by mistake phenomenon, and reduce the torque pulsation in the switched reluctance machines running, thereby improve the stability of system.Circuit theory and simple and practical is easy to realize.
Technical scheme:For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes the collaborative copped wave start-up circuit of a kind of switched reluctance machines, this circuit comprises microprocessor, three inputs and door, power inverter, current sampling circuit, amplifying circuit, D/A converting circuit, hysteresis comparator circuit, wherein
An output of power inverter links to each other with switched reluctance machines, and another output links to each other with the input of current sampling circuit, and the output current phase sampled signal is given current sampling circuit; The output of current sampling circuit links to each other with the input of amplifying circuit, and current sampling circuit amplifies described phase current sampling signal by amplifying circuit; The output of amplifying circuit links to each other with the input of microprocessor and the input of hysteresis comparator circuit respectively, an output of microprocessor links to each other with an input of door with three inputs, and export soft chopping signal to three inputs and door, an output of hysteresis comparator circuit links to each other with another input of door with three inputs, and exports hard chopping signal to three inputs and door; Three inputs link to each other with the input of power inverter with the output of door, and the output upper tube control signal is given power inverter;
Another output of microprocessor links to each other with the input of D/A converting circuit, and the output of D/A converting circuit links to each other with another input of hysteresis comparator circuit.
Preferably, microprocessor comprises pulse width modulation module, input/output module and analog-to-digital conversion module,
Pulse width modulation module is respectively to three inputs and door output pulse width modulated drive signal, to D/A converting circuit output pulse width modulating reference signal, input/output module respectively to three inputs with the soft chopping signal of door output with to power inverter output lower tube commutation signal, analog-to-digital conversion module is accepted the sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit; Three inputs and pulse width modulated drive signal and the soft chopping signal of door acceptance from microprocessor, and acceptance is from the hard chopping signal of hysteresis comparator circuit, to power inverter output upper tube control signal;
Power inverter comprises switching tube and following switching tube, and last switching tube inserts by the last management and control system signal of three inputs with door output, and following switching tube inserts the following pipe commutation signal by microprocessor output;
Current sampling circuit comprises first resistance, and is connected respectively with ground with source electrode by the following switching tube in the power inverter;
Amplifying circuit comprises second resistance, the 3rd resistance and first operational amplifier, one end of first resistance in the anode of first operational amplifier and the current sampling circuit and down the source end of switching tube link to each other, the negative terminal of first operational amplifier links to each other with the tie point of second resistance with the 3rd resistance, the other end of second resistance links to each other with ground, after linking to each other with the other end of the 3rd resistance, the output of first operational amplifier forms the sampling amplifying signal, and to hysteresis comparator circuit and microprocessor output;
D/A converting circuit comprises the 4th resistance, first electric capacity and second operational amplifier, the anode of second operational amplifier links to each other with the junction of the 4th resistance with the firstth electric capacity, the other end of first electric capacity links to each other with ground, the other end of the 4th resistance connects from the pulse-width modulation reference signal of the pulse width modulation module output of microprocessor, the negative terminal of second operational amplifier back that links to each other with himself output forms reference voltage, and exports to hysteresis comparator circuit;
Hysteresis comparator circuit is made up of the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance and comparator, the anode of comparator links to each other with the junction of the 5th resistance with the 6th resistance, the negative terminal of comparator connects the sampling amplifying signal, the other end of the 5th resistance is connected with reference voltage, the output of comparator is with after the other end of the 6th resistance links to each other, form hard chopping signal, and to three inputs and door output.
Preferably, microprocessor is 32 single-chip microcomputers.
Preferably, go up switching tube in the power inverter and be metal-oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor with following switching tube.
Preferably, first resistance adopts high accuracy low-temperature coefficient constantan wire.
The present invention also provides a kind of switched reluctance machines to work in coordination with copped wave startup method, this method comprises the steps: to utilize switched reluctance machines under startup and low cruise operating mode, in the time of need implementing current chopping control to the phase winding electric current, need big electric current when producing big staring torque in electric motor starting moment, utilize and compare hysteresis comparator circuit the sampling amplifying signal of amplifying circuit output and the size of reference voltage, produce hard copped wave control signal then, by three inputs and the control signal that produces behind the door last switching tube in the power inverter, thus the size of control phase current; And when motor speed is increased to the low cruise state, the analog-to-digital conversion module of microprocessor internal is by being gathered in real time the instantaneous value of electric machine phase current by current sampling circuit, adopt the built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor internal need to judge whether the open and close phase winding this moment, reduce of the intrinsic influence of the burr of circuit open and close process generation, thereby improve the stability of circuit working hard chopper circuit; Wherein, the generation of reference voltage is the pulse-width signal that utilizes its pulse width modulation module to export by microprocessor, finishes in conjunction with a low-cost D/A converting circuit again; The generation of sampling amplifying signal is amplified the phase current signal of current sampling circuit collection by amplifying circuit and is finished.
Preferably, the built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor internal is: this method brings into operation after analog-to-digital conversion module receives sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit, if the sampling amplifying signal is greater than the soft chopper current upper limit, then the soft chopping signal with microprocessor output is changed to low level; If the sampling amplifying signal is lower than soft chopper current lower limit, then soft chopping signal is changed to high level.
Beneficial effect:The present invention can realize to the switched reluctance machines phase current in real time and accurately control, can reduce the switching tube mistake that starts after moment and close and open by mistake phenomenon, and reduce the torque pulsation in the switched reluctance machines running, thereby improve the stability of system.Circuit theory and simple and practical, Current Control are accurate flexibly, and advantage such as with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the switched reluctance motor system structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 is a switched reluctance machines soft or hard copped wave Collaborative Control circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is the hard copped wave control signal of a switched reluctance machines electric current flow chart.
Fig. 4 is the soft copped wave control signal of a switched reluctance machines electric current flow chart.
Fig. 5 is the switched reluctance machines software-hardware synergism copped wave progress of work.
Fig. 6 is the phase current waveform of switched reluctance machines software-hardware synergism copped wave.
Wherein, microprocessor 1, three is imported with door 2, power inverter 3, current sampling circuit 4, amplifying circuit 5, D/A converting circuit 6, hysteresis comparator circuit 7, pulse width modulation module 11, input/output module 12, analog-to-digital conversion module 13, is gone up switch transistor T 1, following switch transistor T 2, first resistance R 1, second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3, first operational amplifier 51, the 4th resistance R 4, first capacitor C 1, second operational amplifier 52, the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 and comparator 71.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described below with reference to accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses the Method and circuits that a kind of switched reluctance machines software-hardware synergism copped wave starts, can realize control, thereby provide important efficient and safety guarantee for the reluctance motor speed-adjusting and control system switched reluctance machines electric current when starting instantaneous and low cruise.It is simple to have Method and circuits, is easy to realize working stability, and advantage such as with low cost.
Referring to Fig. 1, the collaborative copped wave start-up circuit of switched reluctance machines comprises microprocessor 1, three inputs and door 2, power inverter 3, current sampling circuit 4, amplifying circuit 5, D/A converting circuit 6, hysteresis comparator circuit 7.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the application system block diagram after circuit of the present invention combines parts such as external power source and switched reluctance machines, wherein the dotted line part branch is included as the present invention.Its operation principle is, in start-up course, when adopting hard chopping method, the phase current sampling signal is through being amplified into hard chopper circuit, after comparing with its reference voltage, produce hard chopping signal power controlling converter, thereby realize copped wave control phase current; When adopting soft chopping method, the phase current sampling signal is handled by the built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor, after comparing with soft chopper current upper and lower limit after amplifying, produce soft chopping signal power controlling converter, thereby realize copped wave control phase current.
Referring to Fig. 1-6, switched reluctance machines is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, this circuit comprises microprocessor 1, three inputs and door 2, power inverter 3, current sampling circuit 4, amplifying circuit 5, D/A converting circuit 6, hysteresis comparator circuit 7, wherein current sampling circuit 4 amplifies by amplifying circuit 5 after measuring each phase current of motor, and respectively according to hysteresis comparator circuit 7 and microprocessor 1 built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination, the output signal of control three inputs and door 2, then the state of power controlling converter 3, switched reluctance machines in startup and the low cruise is implemented hard copped wave of timesharing and soft copped wave, thereby realize software and hardware copped wave Collaborative Control.
The inner built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor 1 is: this method brings into operation after analog-to-digital conversion module 13 receives sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit 5, if the sampling amplifying signal is greater than the soft chopper current upper limit, then the soft chopping signal with microprocessor 1 output is changed to low level; If the sampling amplifying signal is lower than soft chopper current lower limit, then soft chopping signal is changed to high level.
An output of power inverter 3 links to each other with switched reluctance machines, and another output links to each other with the input of current sampling circuit 4, and the output current phase sampled signal is given current sampling circuit 4; The output of current sampling circuit 4 links to each other with the input of amplifying circuit 5, and current sampling circuit 4 amplifies described phase current sampling signal by amplifying circuit 5; The output of amplifying circuit 5 links to each other with the input of microprocessor 1 and the input of hysteresis comparator circuit 7 respectively, an output of microprocessor 1 links to each other with an input of door 2 with three inputs, and export soft chopping signal to three inputs and door 2, an output of hysteresis comparator circuit 7 links to each other with another input of door 2 with three inputs, and exports hard chopping signal to three inputs and door 2; Three inputs link to each other with the input of power inverter 3 with the output of door 2, and the output upper tube control signal is given power inverter 3;
Another output of microprocessor 1 links to each other with the input of D/A converting circuit 6, and the output of D/A converting circuit 6 links to each other with another input of hysteresis comparator circuit 7.
Pulse width modulation module 11 is respectively to three inputs and door 2 output pulse width modulated drive signal, to D/A converting circuit 6 output pulse width modulating reference signals, input/output module 12 is imported with the door 2 soft chopping signals of output with to power inverter 3 output lower tube commutation signals the sampling amplifying signal that analog-to-digital conversion module 13 is accepted from amplifying circuit 5 to three respectively; Three inputs and pulse width modulated drive signal and the soft chopping signal of door 2 acceptance from microprocessor 1, and acceptance is from the hard chopping signal of hysteresis comparator circuit 7, to power inverter 3 output upper tube control signals;
Power inverter 3 comprises switch transistor T 1 and following switch transistor T 2, and last switch transistor T 1 inserts by the last management and control system signal of three inputs with door 2 outputs, the following pipe commutation signal that following switch transistor T 2 inserts by microprocessor 1 output;
Amplifying circuit 5 comprises second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and first operational amplifier 51, the anode of first operational amplifier 51+with current sampling circuit 4 in first resistance R 1 an end and down the source end of switch transistor T 2 link to each other, the negative terminal of first operational amplifier 51-link to each other with the tie point of second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3, the other end of second resistance R 2 links to each other with ground, after linking to each other with the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the output of first operational amplifier 51 forms the sampling amplifying signal, and to hysteresis comparator circuit 7 and microprocessor 1 output;
D/A converting circuit 6 comprises the 4th resistance R 4, first capacitor C 1 and second operational amplifier 52, the anode of second operational amplifier 52+link to each other with the junction of the firstth capacitor C 1 with the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of first capacitor C 1 links to each other with ground, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 connects from the pulse-width modulation reference signal of pulse width modulation module 11 outputs of microprocessor 1, the negative terminal of the second operational amplifier 52-back that links to each other with himself output forms reference voltage, and to hysteresis comparator circuit 7 outputs;
Go up switch transistor T 1 in the power inverter 3 and be metal-oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor with following switch transistor T 2.
Switched reluctance machines provided by the invention is worked in coordination with copped wave startup method, this method comprises the steps: to utilize switched reluctance machines under startup and low cruise operating mode, in the time of need implementing current chopping control to the phase winding electric current, need big electric current when producing big staring torque in electric motor starting moment, utilize the sampling amplifying signal of relatively 7 pairs of amplifying circuits of hysteresis comparator circuit, 5 outputs and the size of reference voltage, produce hard copped wave control signal then, produce going up the control signal of switch transistor T 1 in the power inverter 3 by three inputs and door 2 backs, thus the size of control phase current; And when motor speed is increased to the low cruise state, the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 of microprocessor 1 inside is by being gathered in real time by the instantaneous value of 3 pairs of electric machine phase currents of current sampling circuit, adopt this moment microprocessor 1 inner built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination need to judge whether the open and close phase winding, reduce of the intrinsic influence of the burr of circuit open and close process generation, thereby improve the stability of circuit working hard chopper circuit; Wherein, the generation of reference voltage is the pulse-width signal that utilizes its pulse width modulation module 11 to be exported by microprocessor 1, finishes in conjunction with a low-cost D/A converting circuit 13 again; The phase current signal that the generation of sampling amplifying signal is gathered by 5 pairs of current sampling circuits of amplifying circuit 4 amplifies to be finished.
The inner built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor 1 is: this method brings into operation after analog-to-digital conversion module 13 receives sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit 5, if the sampling amplifying signal is greater than the soft chopper current upper limit, then the soft chopping signal with microprocessor 1 output is changed to low level; If the sampling amplifying signal is lower than soft chopper current lower limit, then soft chopping signal is changed to high level.
Internal circuit configuration of the present invention is by as shown in Figure 2, the phase current sampling signal exports hard chopper circuit to after amplifying through amplifying circuit 5, hard chopper circuit comprises D/A converting circuit (DAC) 6 and the hysteresis comparator circuit 7 among the figure, inner hysteresis comparator 71 produces hard chopping signal, output to power inverter 3, reference voltage in the hysteresis comparator circuit 7 is produced through D/A converting circuit (DAC) 6 by the pwm signal of microprocessor (CPU) 1 output, the ratio of the 5th resistance R 5 and the 6th resistance R 6 in the control circuit can adjusted hard chopper current upper and lower limit parameter; The built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor, this algorithm brings into operation after analog-to-digital conversion module 13 receives sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit 5, if the sampling amplifying signal is greater than the soft chopper current upper limit, then the soft chopping signal with microprocessor 1 output is changed to low level; If the sampling amplifying signal is lower than soft chopper current lower limit, then soft chopping signal is changed to high level.Soft chopping signal and hard chopping signal while, the output of three inputs and door 2 was as the input of power inverter 3, control switch reluctance motor as the input of three inputs with door 2.The hard copped wave course of work and the soft copped wave course of work are respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Introduce the scheme that specifically practices of the present invention below.
Soft chopper circuit and hard chopper circuit are controlled the input of three inputs and door simultaneously, when motor just starts, need bigger electric current that higher moment is provided, but consider the fail safe of switching tube, need carry out copped wave to electric current, utilize the high real-time of hard copped wave, can open hard chopper circuit when beginning to start controls motor, in the time of the motor even running, do not need in real time electric current to be carried out copped wave, in order to reduce the frequency that hard chopper circuit brings switching circuit, at this time adopt soft copped wave control motor simultaneously.The reference voltage that produce PWM this moment is adjusted to 0V and gets final product.
Fig. 5 is the workflow of switched reluctance machines soft or hard copped wave Collaborative Control circuit.The running of the module of the combination of soft or hard copped wave is that the parameters of power-up initializing motor disposes the PWM parameter, to determine the initial hard chopper current upper limit
I 1UP And lower limit
I 1DOWN , begin to start constantly when detecting, enable output pwm signal and produce reference voltage V
REF, be hard copped wave control this moment.After 20 50 milliseconds of interruptions of counting, after promptly 1 second, motor enters the low cruise stage, then closes PWM, and this moment, system entered soft copped wave Starting mode, further rose until motor speed, and startup is finished.
Figure 6 shows that software-hardware synergism copped wave starts phase current waveform constantly.Just started moment, be hard chopping way, this moment is because the real-time and the sensitivity of hardware are higher, the burr signal of prime will cause mistake copped wave phenomenon by hard chopper circuit, the phase current values that captures when hysteresis comparator is less burr signal, then open by mistake logical, otherwise, the phase current values that captures when hysteresis comparator is bigger burr signal, mistake then takes place turn-off.After 1 second, enter soft chopping way, this moment is because the discretization filtering characteristic of microprocessor in sampling, can greatly reduce the influence degree that is subjected to burr signal, thereby eliminate mistake copped wave phenomenon, and this moment can be by change microprocessor built-in reference data, and what change phase current copped wave is limited to the soft chopper current upper limit up and down
I 2UP And lower limit
I 2DOWN , performance parameters such as torque pulsation that can more accurate control motor.
Apparatus of the present invention comprise following part:
Switched reluctance machines ripple Collaborative Control circuit, as shown in Figure 2, microprocessor 1 inside comprises pulse width modulation module (PWM) 11, input/output module (IO) 12 and analog-to-digital conversion module (ADC) 13, PWM module 11 is respectively to three inputs and door 2 output PWM drive signals, and to D/A converting circuit 6 output PWM reference signals, IO module 12 is imported with the door 2 soft chopping signals of output with to power inverter 3 output lower tube commutation signals the sampling amplifying signal that ADC module 13 is accepted from amplifying circuit 5 to three respectively.Three inputs are accepted from the PWM drive signal of microprocessor (CPU) 1, soft chopping signal with door 2, and from the hard chopping signal of hysteresis comparator circuit 7, and to power inverter 3 output upper tube control signals.Power inverter 3 is made of last switch transistor T 1 and following switch transistor T 2, and last switch transistor T 1 inserts by the last management and control system signal of three inputs with door 2 outputs, the following pipe commutation signal that following switch transistor T 2 inserts by microprocessor CPU output.Current sampling circuit 4 mainly is made of high accuracy low-temperature coefficient constantan wire sampling resistor R1, and is connected respectively with ground GND with source electrode by the following switch transistor T 2 in the power inverter 3.Amplifying circuit 5 is made up of second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and operational amplifier 51, the anode of operational amplifier 51+with current sampling circuit 4 in first resistance R 1 an end and down the source end of switch transistor T 2 link to each other, the negative terminal of operational amplifier 51-link to each other with the tie point of second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3, the other end of second resistance R 2 links to each other with ground GND, after linking to each other with the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the output of operational amplifier 51 forms the sampling amplifying signal, and to hysteresis comparator circuit 7 and microprocessor 1 output.D/A converting circuit (DAC) 6 is made up of the 4th resistance R 4, first capacitor C 1 and operational amplifier 52, the anode of operational amplifier 52+link to each other with the junction of first capacitor C 1 with the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of first capacitor C 1 links to each other with ground GND, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 connects from the PWM reference signal of the PWM module output of microprocessor (CPU) 1, the negative terminal of the operational amplifier 52-back that links to each other with himself output forms reference voltage V REF, and to hysteresis comparator circuit 7 outputs.Hysteresis comparator circuit 7 is made up of the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 and comparator 71, the anode of comparator 71+link to each other with the junction of the 6th resistance R 6 with the 5th resistance R 5, the negative terminal of comparator 71-connection sampling amplifying signal, the other end of the 5th resistance R 5 is connected with VREF, the output of comparator 71 is with after the other end of the 6th resistance R 6 links to each other, form hard chopping signal, and to three inputs and door 2 outputs.Microprocessor 1 is 32 single-chip microcomputers, and the upper and lower switching tube in the power inverter 3 is metal-oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor).
The above only is a better embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with above-mentioned execution mode; as long as the equivalence that those of ordinary skills do according to disclosed content is modified or changed, all should include in the protection range of putting down in writing in claims.
Claims (7)
1. a switched reluctance machines is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: this circuit comprises microprocessor (1), three inputs and door (2), power inverter (3), current sampling circuit (4), amplifying circuit (5), D/A converting circuit (6), hysteresis comparator circuit (7), wherein
An output of power inverter (3) links to each other with switched reluctance machines, and another output links to each other with the input of current sampling circuit (4), and the output current phase sampled signal is given current sampling circuit (4); The output of current sampling circuit (4) links to each other with the input of amplifying circuit (5), and current sampling circuit (4) amplifies described phase current sampling signal by amplifying circuit (5); The output of amplifying circuit (5) links to each other with the input of microprocessor (1) and the input of hysteresis comparator circuit (7) respectively, an output of microprocessor (1) links to each other with an input of door (2) with three inputs, and export soft chopping signal to three inputs and door (2), an output of hysteresis comparator circuit (7) links to each other with another input of door (2) with three inputs, and exports hard chopping signal to three inputs and door (2); Three inputs link to each other with the input of power inverter (3) with the output of door (2), and the output upper tube control signal is given power inverter (3);
Another output of microprocessor (1) links to each other with the input of D/A converting circuit (6), and the output of D/A converting circuit (6) links to each other with another input of hysteresis comparator circuit (7).
2. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: microprocessor (1) comprises pulse width modulation module (11), input/output module (12) and analog-to-digital conversion module (13),
Pulse width modulation module (11) is respectively to three inputs and door (2) output pulse width modulated drive signal, to D/A converting circuit (6) output pulse width modulating reference signal, to three inputs and door (2) output soft chopping signal and to power inverter (3) output lower tube commutation signal, analog-to-digital conversion module (13) is accepted the sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit (5) to input/output module (12) respectively; Three inputs and pulse width modulated drive signal and the soft chopping signal of door (2) acceptance from microprocessor (1), and acceptance is from the hard chopping signal of hysteresis comparator circuit (7), to power inverter (3) output upper tube control signal;
Power inverter (3) comprises switching tube (T1) and following switching tube (T2), and last switching tube (T1) inserts by the last management and control system signal of three inputs with door (2) output, and following switching tube (T2) inserts the following pipe commutation signal by microprocessor (1) output;
Current sampling circuit (4) comprises first resistance (R1), and is connected respectively with ground with source electrode by the following switching tube (T2) in the power inverter (3);
Amplifying circuit (5) comprises second resistance (R2), the 3rd resistance (R3) and first operational amplifier (51), one end of first resistance (R1) in the anode (+) of first operational amplifier (51) and the current sampling circuit (4) and down the source end of switching tube (T2) link to each other, the negative terminal (-) of first operational amplifier (51) links to each other with the tie point of second resistance (R2) with the 3rd resistance (R3), the other end of second resistance (R2) links to each other with ground, after linking to each other with the other end of the 3rd resistance (R3), the output of first operational amplifier (51) forms the sampling amplifying signal, and to hysteresis comparator circuit (7) and microprocessor (1) output;
D/A converting circuit (6) comprises the 4th resistance (R4), first electric capacity (C1) and second operational amplifier (52), the anode (+) of second operational amplifier (52) links to each other with the junction of the 4th resistance (R4) with the firstth electric capacity (C1), the other end of first electric capacity (C1) links to each other with ground, the other end of the 4th resistance (R4) connects from the pulse-width modulation reference signal of pulse width modulation module (11) output of microprocessor (1), the negative terminal (-) of second operational amplifier (52) back that links to each other with himself output forms reference voltage, and exports to hysteresis comparator circuit (7);
Hysteresis comparator circuit (7) is made up of the 5th resistance (R5), the 6th resistance (R6) and comparator (71), the anode (+) of comparator (71) links to each other with the junction of the 5th resistance (R5) with the 6th resistance (R6), the negative terminal (-) of comparator (71) connects the sampling amplifying signal, the other end of the 5th resistance (R5) is connected with reference voltage, the output of comparator (71) is with after the other end of the 6th resistance (R6) links to each other, form hard chopping signal, and to three inputs and door (2) output.
3. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 and 2 is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: microprocessor (1) is 32 single-chip microcomputers.
4. switched reluctance machines according to claim 2 is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: last switching tube (T1) and following switching tube (T2) are metal-oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor in the power inverter (3).
5. switched reluctance machines according to claim 2 is worked in coordination with the copped wave start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: first resistance (R1) adopts high accuracy low-temperature coefficient constantan wire.
6. a switched reluctance machines is worked in coordination with copped wave startup method, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps: to utilize switched reluctance machines under startup and low cruise operating mode, in the time of need implementing current chopping control to the phase winding electric current, need big electric current when producing big staring torque in electric motor starting moment, utilize and compare hysteresis comparator circuit (7) the sampling amplifying signal of amplifying circuit (5) output and the size of reference voltage, produce hard copped wave control signal then, produce going up the control signal of switching tube (T1) in the power inverter (3) by three inputs and door (2) back, thus the size of control phase current; And when motor speed is increased to the low cruise state, the analog-to-digital conversion module (13) of microprocessor (1) inside is by being gathered in real time the instantaneous value of electric machine phase current by current sampling circuit (3), adopt this moment the inner built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor (1) need to judge whether the open and close phase winding, reduce of the intrinsic influence of the burr of circuit open and close process generation, thereby improve the stability of circuit working hard chopper circuit; Wherein, the generation of reference voltage is the pulse-width signal that utilizes its pulse width modulation module (11) to be exported by microprocessor (1), finishes in conjunction with a low-cost D/A converting circuit (13) again; The phase current signal that the generation of sampling amplifying signal is gathered current sampling circuit (4) by amplifying circuit (5) amplifies to be finished.
7. switched reluctance machines according to claim 6 is worked in coordination with copped wave startup method, it is characterized in that: the inner built-in soft copped wave method of discrimination of microprocessor (1) is: this method brings into operation after analog-to-digital conversion module (13) receives sampling amplifying signal from amplifying circuit (5), if the sampling amplifying signal is greater than the soft chopper current upper limit, then the soft chopping signal with microprocessor (1) output is changed to low level; If the sampling amplifying signal is lower than soft chopper current lower limit, then soft chopping signal is changed to high level.
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