TWI648703B - Construction of an electronic voucher system for remaining earthwork - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention includes a servo data part, a storage location device and a mobile device. The contract manufacturer first applies for the electronic coupon information online, and after the Association reviews and signs it, the contract manufacturer signs and distributes the electronic coupon to the clearing driver according to the process. When the clearing driver carries the surplus soil into the receiving place, the clearing driver Click on the display function to provide scanning and signing for the containment site. At the same time, the scan of the containment site triggers Shumei Pie to power off the camera and take the head number and body number of the gravel car, and put it into the delivery history synchronously to provide government comparison. Correct. Therefore, this case has the advantages of saving manpower and material time, making it difficult to copy the electronic coupon data, making it easy to judge the authenticity of the containment place, not easy to lose the electronic coupon data, and facilitating subsequent inspections.

Description

Construction of an electronic voucher system for remaining earthwork

The invention relates to an electronic voucher system for the construction of residual earthwork, especially a construction which saves manpower and material time, and the electronic coupon data is not easy to copy, making it easy to judge the authenticity of the containment place, the electronic coupon data is not easy to be lost, and is convenient for subsequent inspection Electronic certificate system for remaining earthwork.

Since the remaining earth and stone construction in the administrative area of the Republic of China is nearly 30 million cubic meters per year, assuming that a 21-ton sand and gravel car can carry 10 cubic meters for rough estimation, the total number of trains per year is 300 More than 10,000 times, and the average daily is more than 8219 vehicles, which shows that the management of the remaining earth and rock is extremely important. Therefore, for any remaining earthwork generated by the construction of the project, the remaining earthwork should be submitted to the competent authority to prepare a surplus earth transportation certificate before the output, in order to facilitate the transportation in accordance with Article 9 of the Waste Disposal Law The earth-rock removal equipment shall be accompanied by the vehicle with a certificate of waste transportation and disposal documents stating the waste, the source of the remaining earth-rock and the disposal site for inspection. Therefore, all contractors in the construction industry or related businesses (referred to as "contractors") must apply to the Earth and Stone Association (referred to as the "issuing and issuing unit") to print a certificate of the remaining soil transportation processing before the output of the remaining earth and stone. . In short, referring to Figure 18, there are four copies of the traditional paper remnant transportation certificate 90, the upper part of the form is the remnant transportation information 91 (not repeated here), and there are four blank spaces on the paper. Chapter 92 is the column 921 of the issuing unit, the column 922 of the manufacturer, the column 923 of the clearing driver, and the column 924 of the receiving place. The order is followed by the issuing unit, the manufacturer, the driver of the clearing, and the containment. Place" signature. The traditional paper-based process is as follows: [1] Application for the issuance of the certificate of remaining soil transportation processing: the construction and building demolition engineering contractor or public works contractor (referred to as "contractor 72") proposes the remaining earthwork treatment plan After the painting (ie process 81), and approved by the local government or the project organizer (for example: Earth and Stone Association, referred to as the "issuing and issuing unit 71"), before the project actually produces the remaining earth and stone, the remaining earth transportation processing certification document 90 ( That is, process 82, issue and certify the remaining earthwork flow of the project and the processing record form). That is, the issuer unit column 921 and the contractor column 922 of a total of four groups have been signed, and the issuer unit 71 withdraws the fourth group; the remaining first to third groups are removed by the contractor 72. [2] Removal of the remaining soil from the construction site: the person authorized by the competent construction authority or the project organizer shall fill in the content of the earthwork (fill in the soil quality code), the quantity, the number of the transportation equipment (vehicle) and the name of the driver of the clearance, and the date and time when the vehicle left the construction site. Sign to show responsibility. That is, the Qingyun driver column is signed by the Qingyun driver, and then Yu Tu leaves the site and carries the triplet. In practice, the contractor 72 is in contact with Qingyun Company 73 (ie process 83). The Qingyun Company 73 has a plurality of Qingyun drivers 731, a plurality of vehicle heads 732 and a plurality of vehicle buckets 733, and selects a certain The driver 731, a certain head 732 and a certain body 733 are used to carry out the clearing work (ie, process 84). [3] The transportation driver (vehicle) clearing driver should check whether the content and quantity of the carriage are the same as the content of the document, and sign (sign on the clearing driver column 923) and record the time (year, month, day, hour, minute), To show responsibility. [4] Inspection of waste transportation: When the waste transportation is away from the construction site and before it reaches the containment site (process 84), according to the Waste Cleanup Act, the environmental protection inspectors, traffic police and waste management The agency can stop the inspection when the transportation equipment (vehicle) is transported (ie, process 85). At this time, the driver of the transportation must present the certification document to prove that it is a legal earth-moving party. The process of blocking inspection can confirm whether the transportation vehicle carries the remaining soil transportation processing certificate 90 with the vehicle, and confirm whether the registered transportation content, remaining soil processing location, transportation route, and transportation date are correct. Government agencies can inquire the relevant information of the two-stage declaration of the project based on the flow number. [5] Transportation to the storage processing place: After the arrival of the transport equipment (vehicle) in the storage processing place (referred to as "containment place 74"), it is ascertained whether the number of contents of the shipment is consistent with the contents of the certificate 90 of the remaining soil transportation treatment, and The signature of the 924 in the containment place indicates the arrival time (year, month, day, hour, minute) to show responsibility. After signing, a receipt will be received by the containment site 74, and the clearance driver 731 will receive a receipt, which will return (for example, return by registered mail) to the site (that is, the contractor 72). That is, when arriving at the containment place 74, all the triplets of the containment place column 924 are signed and signed by the undertaker of the containment place 74, and the first couplet is sent back to the contractor 72 and the second couplet to the clearing driver In 731, the third unit of the containment site 74 was left. In addition, at least one camera 741 is set in the containment area 74 to record moving image frames, burn them into optical discs and record the time for random inspection by the competent authority. [6] Containment and processing records: the person in charge of the construction site shall check whether the content of the certificate 90 for the handling of the remaining soil is correct and complete, and the consistency and rationality of the signature situation of each field, and regularly carry the content 90 of the certificate for the handling of the remaining soil Collected into a processing record form, and signed by the consolidating personnel and the signature of the contractor 72, the record form shall be submitted to the sponsor (administration) unit of the government agency for signature and seal with the deputy joint certificate. However, at the current implementation level, the traditional method still has many problems: 1. The traditional certificate printing software only prints functions, and cannot perform complex data management and query functions. 2. Some unscrupulous players (applicants) copy or copy the voucher to reuse it. 3. When the transport vehicle enters the site, the signing personnel at the containment site cannot judge the authenticity of the certificate for the handling of the remaining soil. 4. Paper vouchers are not easy to keep, and are easily damaged by environmental factors. 5. The management personnel of each unit can not inquire the history record of entering and signing by themselves. 6. The spot check rate of most construction sites and shelter processing sites is insufficient, and the rate of online declaration and check of the construction sites and shelter processing sites is low. 7. The follow-up inspection time of the relevant inspection unit is long. 8. The inspectors of relevant inspection units are overburdened by inspections. 9. There is not enough space for the documents or optical discs in the paper transportation and transportation certification documents. In short, the problems of the current traditional paper-based method can be summarized as follows: [1] A waste of manpower and material time. Traditional joint paper application, large number of paper joint printing (and printing consumables) and preservation, the competent authorities need to spend a lot of manpower, time for joint check and comparison. In addition, the part of checking and comparing in the future will also consume a lot of manpower and time. The traditional method is to call up a specific disc and then search to the desired time point to check whether the load capacity of the front and body (total weight of the weighbridge) in the picture. correct. [2] The proof document of the remaining soil transportation treatment is easy to copy, so that the receiving place cannot judge the authenticity of the proof document of the remaining soil transportation treatment. [3] The paper copy is easy to be exposed to the rain or lost. Due to the poor environment of the transportation of the remaining soil, the construction site is dusty and muddy; in case of heavy rain and strong winds, the driver’s order of the clearing driver often gets wet and dirty accidentally; in addition, it may be lost due to the transportation. Misconnections, missing one when signing chapters, etc., have more troubles. [4] Subsequent audits are not easy. It is not easy to read the certification documents and the physical discs of the transportation of the remaining paper on the paper, and the inspection is time-consuming and time-consuming. In view of this, it is necessary to develop technology that can solve the above-mentioned conventional shortcomings.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic voucher system for the construction of surplus earthwork, which has the advantages of saving manpower and material resources, making it difficult to copy the electronic coupon data, making it easy to judge the authenticity of the storage place, not losing the electronic coupon data, and facilitating subsequent inspections, etc. advantage. In particular, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional paper-based order forms waste human and material time, are easy to copy and make it impossible to judge the authenticity of the storage place, the paper order forms are easy to be exposed to wind or rain, and subsequent inspections are not easy. problem. The technical means to solve the above problem is to provide an electronic certificate system for constructing the remaining earthwork, which includes: a servo data department, which has a user database, an electronic joint database and a first signal transmission interface; the user The database has corresponding plural user passwords and plural user data. The electronic coupon database has at least one electronic coupon data, and the electronic coupon data has a project flow number column, a The project flows to the information column, an approval unit column, a contractor column, a clearing driver column, a containment site column and an image record column; a containment site data department has a second signal transmission interface and a camera device ; The second signal transmission interface can wirelessly connect the first signal transmission interface through an Internet; A mobile device has a processing software, a camera, a touch screen, and a third signal transmission interface; the first The three-signal transmission interface can be connected to the first signal transmission interface through an Internet; the processing software system includes: 　[a] A user identity confirmation module, which is used for a user to log in and can distinguish Whether the entered user password is correct, if it is correct, you can log in, and display the corresponding user data; if it is not correct, you cannot log in; 　[b] An approval unit module is used to click the touch screen When this module is selected, it is possible to query and select at least one of the electronic coupon data that has been applied in the electronic coupon database of the servo data department, and in the column of the issuing unit of the selected electronic coupon data Sign and save the signature record; 　[c] A manufacturer’s module, when this module is selected by the touch screen, at least one electronic item can be added and queried in the electronic consignment database The project flow number column and the project flow information column of the consignment data; and, the signature record can be stored in the contractor column on the selected electronic consignment data; and can be touched on the mobile device On the control screen, one of the quick response matrix codes corresponding to the selected electronic coupon data is displayed; 　[d] A clearing driver module, with a fast scanning module and a manual query module; when the touch screen When the quick scan module is clicked, the clearing driver can use the camera of the mobile device to quickly scan the quick response matrix code on the electronic bill data, and can pass through the touch screen of the mobile device. On the clearing driver column of the selected electronic coupon data, sign and store the signature record; when the manual query module is clicked on the touch screen, the clearing driver can query and search for the scheduled Electronic coupon data, which can be signed and stored on the clearing driver column of the selected electronic coupon data through the touch screen of the mobile device; 　[e] A storage location module, When this module is selected by the touch screen, and the touch screen of the mobile device held by the transportation driver shows that the quick response matrix code corresponding to the electronic coupon data is read by the containment site, The containment site controls the photographic device to take photos of the front and body of the vehicle driven by the Qingyun driver and store them in The image record column of the selected electronic coupon data; and the storage location is to sign and store the signature on the storage location column of the selected electronic coupon data through the touch screen of the mobile device Chapter records can be edited separately. The above objects and advantages of the present invention are not difficult to gain an in-depth understanding from the following detailed description and drawings of selected embodiments. The following examples and drawings are used to explain the present invention in detail:

Referring to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth figures, the present invention is an electronic credential system for constructing remaining earthwork, which includes a servo data section 10, a containment site data section 20 and at least one mobile communication section 30. Regarding the servo data section 10, it has a user database 11, an electronic coupon database 12 and a first signal transmission interface 13; the user database 11 has a corresponding plurality of user passwords 111 And a plurality of user data 112. The electronic coupon database 12 has at least one electronic coupon data 12A. The electronic coupon data 12A has a project flow number column 121, a project flow information column 122, an issuing unit column 123, and a contractor column 124. A clearing driver column 125, a receiving place column 126 and an image recording column 127. The storage location data section 20 has a second signal transmission interface 21 and a camera 22. The second signal transmission interface 21 can wirelessly connect to the first signal transmission interface 13 via an Internet 40. The mobile device 30 has a processing software 31, a camera 32, a touch screen 33 and a third signal transmission interface 34. The third signal transmission interface 34 can be connected to the first signal transmission interface 13 through an Internet 40. The processing software 31 includes: [a] A user identity confirmation module 311, which is used for a user to log in, and can judge whether the input user password 111 is correct, if correct, then log in, and display the phase Corresponding to the user data 112; if it is not correct, you cannot log in. In practice, the following module options can be selected and executed after successful login. For example, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the touch screen 33 is used to display multiple options (for example: Guild M1, Manufacturer M2, Qingyun driver M3, containment site M4, Qingyun company M5, government agency M6, check M7, display quick response matrix code M8, leave M9, this option M9 is used to touch and leave the system). [b] An approval unit module 312 is used to select this module by the touch screen 33 (as shown in option M1 in FIG. 4), which can be used in the electronic data of the servo data unit 10 In the library 12, query and select at least one of the electronic coupon data 12A that has been applied for, and sign and store a signature record on the selected issuing unit column 123 of the electronic coupon data 12A (for example: this is the issuing unit Earth and Stone Association in a certain area). [c] A manufacturer module 313, when this module is selected by the touch screen 33 (as option M2 in FIG. 4), it can be added to the electronic consignment database 12, Query the project flow direction number column 121 and the project flow information column 122 of at least one electronic coupon data 12A. And, the signature record can be stored in the contractor column 124 on the selected electronic coupon data 12A. In addition, a quick response matrix code (QR code) corresponding to the selected electronic coupon data 12A can be displayed on the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. [d] A clearing driver module 314 has a fast scanning module 314A and a manual query module 314B; when the fast scanning module 314A is selected by the touch screen 33 (for example, by the clearing driver Click option M3 in Figure 4. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the clearing driver can use the camera 32 of the mobile device 30 to quickly scan the quick response matrix code on the electronic coupon data 12A (QR code), and through the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30, sign on the clearing driver column 125 of the selected electronic coupon data 12A (for example: sign "Driver A") and Store signature records. When the manual query module 314B is clicked on the touch screen 33, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the clearing driver can query and search for the predetermined electronic coupon data 12A, and can access the mobile device The touch screen 33 of 30 signs on the clearing driver column 125 of the selected electronic coupon data 12A, and stores a signature record. [e] A storage location module 315, when this module is selected by the touch screen 33 (as option M4 in FIG. 4), and the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30 held by the driver is cleared , Showing that the quick response matrix code (QR code) corresponding to the electronic coupon data 12A is read by the containment place 20, the containment place 20 controls the camera device 22 to photograph the front of the vehicle and the car driven by the driver The photo (as shown in Figure 1) is stored in the image record field 127 of the selected electronic coupon data 12A. In addition, the storage place 20 uses the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30 to sign and store a signature record on the storage place column 126 of the selected electronic coupon data 12A, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 Can be edited (see Figures 14 and 15). [f] A Qingyun company module 316, the servo data unit 10 includes a head database 14 and a body database 15, when the module is selected by the touch screen 33 (as shown in Figure 4) Option M5), can be added, edited or queried in the head database 14 and the body database 15, as shown in Figures 12 and 13. [g] A government agency module 317, when this module is selected by the touch screen 33 (as option M6 in FIG. 4), it can be stored in the electronic consignment database 12 of the servo data section 10 In the search for at least one electronic coupon data 12A, and can display the selected electronic coupon data 12A. [h] An interception module 318, when this module is selected by the touch screen 33 (as shown in option M7 in FIG. 4), clearing and transportation can be displayed on the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30 The electronic coupon information that the driver is transporting (see Figure 16 and Figure 17). [i] A quick response matrix code display module 319; when this module is selected by the touch screen 33 (see option M8 in FIG. 4), it can be used on the touch screen 33 of the mobile device 30 The above shows a quick response matrix code (QR code) corresponding to the electronic coupon data 12A for others to scan. In short, the contractor must first apply for the electronic coupon data 12A online. After review by the guild, the contractor can start using the electronic coupon data 12A and follow the process to sign the contract The combined document 12A is assigned to each driver who carries the surplus soil. When the driver carries the surplus soil into the containment site, the QR code is scanned and signed by the containment site to complete the process of carrying the surplus soil. When the clearing driver loads the remaining soil into the containment place, the driver will select the QR code display function to provide scanning and signing for the containment place. When the containment place scans, it will trigger the Shumei Pie to power off and take the camera. The head numbers of the gravel trucks carrying the remaining soil and the numbers of the buckets are included in the delivery history to provide a comparison between the government and the government during the inspection. The advantages and effects of the present invention are as follows: [1] Save manpower and material time. This creative department will make the joint order electronic, and the application is simple. There is no need to print and save a large number of blank joint orders. The competent authorities no longer need to spend a lot of manpower and time to check and compare the joint orders. It can save a lot of storage of optical discs and related equipment. There is no need to call out specific optical discs, and then spend time to search to the required time point to check whether the load capacity (total weight of the scale) in the picture is correct. Therefore, save manpower and material time. [2] It is not easy to copy the electronic coupon data, making it easy to judge the authenticity of the containment site. The invention is an electronic combined document, which is not easy to forge and easy to judge the authenticity. Therefore, it is not easy to copy the electronic consignment data, which makes it easy to judge the authenticity of the storage place. [3] The information of the electronic coupon is not easy to be lost. The invention is displayed by the user's mobile phone. In principle, the mobile phone will not be lost. Even if it is lost, as long as there is a mobile phone and a password, the electronic file can be downloaded. Therefore, it is not easy to lose the electronic coupon information. [4] Facilitate follow-up inspection. The present invention is electronic coupon data, which can be quickly reviewed and inspected according to the date or other relevant file names. Therefore, it is convenient for follow-up inspection. The above is only a detailed description of the present invention through the preferred embodiment. Any simple modifications and changes made to this embodiment will not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

10‧‧‧Servo Data Department

11‧‧‧ User database

111‧‧‧User password

112‧‧‧User Information

12‧‧‧Electronic Union Database

12A‧‧‧Electronic coupon information

121‧‧‧Project flow number column

122‧‧‧Project Flow Information Bar

123‧‧‧ Issued unit column

124‧‧‧Manufacturer column

125‧‧‧ Clearance driver column

126‧‧‧Containment place column

127‧‧‧Image record column

13‧‧‧ First signal transmission interface

14‧‧‧ Headset database

15‧‧‧Body database

20‧‧‧Container Information Department

21‧‧‧Second signal transmission interface

22‧‧‧Photographic device

30‧‧‧Mobile device

31‧‧‧ processing software

311‧‧‧User identity confirmation module

312‧‧‧ Issuing unit module

313‧‧‧ Manufacturer module

314‧‧‧ Qingyun Driver Module

314A‧‧‧Quick scan submodule

314B‧‧‧Manual query from module

315‧‧‧ containment module

316‧‧‧ Qingyun Company Module

317‧‧‧Government Module

318‧‧‧ block inspection module

319‧‧‧Quick response matrix code display module

32‧‧‧Camera

33‧‧‧Touch screen

34‧‧‧ Third signal transmission interface

40‧‧‧Internet

71‧‧‧ Issuing unit

72‧‧‧ Contractor

73‧‧‧ Qingyun Company

731‧‧‧ Qingyun driver

732‧‧‧Head

733‧‧‧Body

74‧‧‧ containment place

741‧‧‧Camera

81, 82, 83, 84, 85

90‧‧‧Certificate of handling of more than one soil

91‧‧‧Relevant materials for transportation

92‧‧‧Paper signature area

921‧‧‧ Issued unit column

922‧‧‧Manufacturer column

923‧‧‧ Clearance driver column

924‧‧‧Containment place column

M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9‧‧‧ options

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electronic coupon data of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mobile device of the present invention wirelessly connecting to the Internet. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the mobile device of the present invention. Figure 5 is the actual photo of Figure 4 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution process of the electronic coupon of the present invention Figure 7 is the actual photo of Figure 6 Figure 8 is the signature process of the Qingyun driver of the present invention Schematic diagram Figure 9 is the actual photo of Figure 8 Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the signing process of the electronic coupon of the driver of the Qingyun of the present invention to select the order Figure 11 is the actual photo of Figure 10 Figure 12 is the invention Completion of the certificate of completion of the certificate. Photo 13 is the delivery history photo of the present invention. Photo 14 is the schematic diagram of the company's clearing company of the present invention to view and edit the details of all the head and body of the company. Photo 15 is the 14 Figure 16 of the actual photo is a schematic diagram of the special check and QR code display of the present invention. Figure 17 is the actual photo of Figure 16. Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the traditional paper joint order. Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the traditional clearing process.

Claims (4)

An electronic certificate system for constructing remaining earthwork includes: a servo data section, which has a user database, an electronic joint database and a first signal transmission interface; the user database has corresponding pluralities The user password of the pen and the user data of the plural pens, the electronic coupon database has at least one electronic coupon data, the electronic coupon data has a project flow number column, a project flow information column, and an issuing unit Column, a contractor column, a clearing driver column, a containment site column and an image recording column; a containment site data department has a second signal transmission interface and a camera device; the second signal transmission interface is The first signal transmission interface can be wirelessly connected through an Internet; a mobile device has a processing software, a camera, a touch screen, and a third signal transmission interface; the third signal transmission interface can be transmitted through a The Internet is connected to the first signal transmission interface; the processing software system includes: [a] a user identity confirmation module, which is used for a user to log in and can judge whether the input user password is correct , If it is correct, you can log in, and display the corresponding user data; if it is not correct, you can not log in; [b] an approved unit module is used to select this module from the touch screen, it can In the electronic data base database of the servo data department, query and select at least one piece of the electronic data base that has been applied for, and sign and store the signature record on the column of the issuing unit of the selected electronic data base ; [C] A manufacturer’s module, when this module is selected by the touch screen, it can add and query at least one piece of electronic joint order data for the project flow number in the electronic joint order database Column and the flow of the project to the information column; and, the signature record can be stored in the contractor column on the selected electronic coupon data; and the corresponding selected can be displayed on the touch screen of the mobile device One of the electronic coupon data quick response matrix code; [d] a clearing driver module, which has a fast scanning module and a manual query module; when the fast scanning module is selected by the touch screen , The clearing driver can use the camera of the mobile device to quickly scan the quick response matrix code on the electronic coupon data, and can use the touch screen of the mobile device to select the electronic coupon data On the clearing driver column, sign and store the signature record; when the manual query module is clicked on the touch screen, the clearing driver can query and search for the predetermined electronic coupon data, which can be On the touch screen of the mobile device, sign and store the signature record on the clearing driver column of the selected electronic coupon data; [e] a storage location module, when selected by the touch screen This module, and the touch screen of the mobile device held by the transportation driver shows that the quick response matrix code corresponding to the electronic coupon data is read by the storage place, the storage place controls the camera , Take photos of the head and body of the vehicle driven by the Qingyun driver, and store them in the image record column of the selected electronic coupon data; The touch screen of the mobile device, sign and store the seal record on the storage location column of the selected electronic coupon data, and can also be edited; wherein: the touch screen is used to display a plurality of options; the The multiple options include: guild, contract manufacturer, evacuation driver, containment site, evacuation company, government agency, stop inspection, display quick response matrix code and leave. The electronic certificate system for the construction of remaining earthwork as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, in which the processing software includes: [f] a Qingyun company module, and the servo data department includes a head database and a bucket Database, when the module is selected by the touch screen, the options of the picture can be added, edited and queried in the head database and the body database. The electronic certificate system for the construction of remaining earthwork as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, in which the processing software also includes: [g] a government agency module, which can be selected when the module is selected by the touch screen In the electronic coupon database of the servo data department, at least one electronic coupon data is queried, and the selected electronic coupon data can be displayed. The electronic certificate system for constructing the remaining earthwork as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, in which the processing software also includes: [h] an interception module, which can be selected when the module is selected by the touch screen The electronic coupon data being transported by the clearing driver is displayed on the touch screen of the mobile device.