TWI628453B - Method for estimated battery capacity - Google Patents
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- TWI628453B TWI628453B TW107102006A TW107102006A TWI628453B TW I628453 B TWI628453 B TW I628453B TW 107102006 A TW107102006 A TW 107102006A TW 107102006 A TW107102006 A TW 107102006A TW I628453 B TWI628453 B TW I628453B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
本發明提供一種電池容量的預估方法，其預估方法使用在一具有一電池的電子裝置上，當電池的一電流或一平均電流為零時，根據一檢測出的電池電壓以從一查找表中查詢出一對照的參考容量，當一先前記錄的殘餘容量大於參考容量時，對於先前記錄的的殘餘容量執行多次自耗電容量的扣除程序以使新記錄的殘餘容量能夠小於參考容量，當電池的電流小於零時，對於先前記錄的殘餘容量執行多次放電的計數容量的扣除程序直到電池處在一電量耗盡的狀態而取得一第一補償容量，將一先前記錄的滿充電容量扣除第一補償容量以預估出一新的滿充電容量。The invention provides a method for estimating the capacity of a battery. The estimation method is used on an electronic device having a battery. When a current or an average current of the battery is zero, a battery is searched according to a detected battery voltage. The reference capacity of a comparison is queried in the table. When a previously recorded residual capacity is greater than the reference capacity, a multiple deduction procedure of the self-consumption capacity is performed for the previously recorded residual capacity so that the residual capacity of the new record can be smaller than the reference capacity. When the current of the battery is less than zero, the counting capacity deduction procedure of performing multiple discharges for the previously recorded residual capacity until the battery is in a state of exhaustion to obtain a first compensation capacity, a previously recorded full charge The capacity is deducted from the first compensation capacity to estimate a new full charge capacity.
Description
本發明有關於一種預估方法，尤指一種用以預估電池的殘餘容量及滿充電容量的方法。The present invention relates to an estimation method, and more particularly to a method for estimating a residual capacity and a full charge capacity of a battery.
隨著電池技術的演進，目前許多電子裝置中都會設置一電池，以利用電池儲存的電量來提供電子裝置運作所需的能量。再者，電池儲存的電量會隨著電子裝置的運作而逐漸減少，為了避免電池儲存的電量完全耗盡而令電子裝置在無預警的狀況下停止運轉，電子裝置本身通常都會對於電池殘餘容量進行預估。經由電池殘餘容量的預估，電子裝置的使用者可以在電池儲電的電量不足時，對於電池執行充電。With the evolution of battery technology, a battery is currently installed in many electronic devices to utilize the amount of power stored in the battery to provide the energy required for the operation of the electronic device. Furthermore, the amount of power stored in the battery will gradually decrease with the operation of the electronic device. In order to prevent the electronic device from being completely depleted and the electronic device is stopped without warning, the electronic device itself usually performs the residual capacity of the battery. Estimated. Through the estimation of the remaining capacity of the battery, the user of the electronic device can perform charging on the battery when the amount of power stored in the battery is insufficient.
先前技術常使用查找表法，如電壓查表法(OVC Lookup Table)，預估電池的殘餘容量。電池通常具有特定的電壓-容量特性，電壓查表法的表格列出了不同電壓所對應的電池容量。經由目前電池電壓的檢測，以從電壓查表法的表格中比對出其對應的電池容量。再者，電壓查表法雖可以快速、簡單地預估出電池容量，然，在電池使用過程中，所測得的電壓通常會產生跳動，如電池放電時，電壓會突然大幅度的往下掉，然後，慢慢往回升，或者，電池充電時，電壓會突然大幅度的往上升，然後，慢慢往下降。在此，電池電壓會因電池的充放電而在一特定時間內產生一劇烈的變化，造成電壓查表法所預估出的電池容量存在有不準確的問題。此外，電池會隨著使用的時間而逐漸地產生物理性的老化，其儲電能力越來越差，然，電壓查表法對於電池的老化是沒有預測的能力，致使所預估出的電池容量將更不精確。Previous techniques often used look-up table methods, such as the OVC Lookup Table, to estimate the residual capacity of the battery. Batteries typically have specific voltage-capacity characteristics, and the table of the voltage look-up table lists the battery capacities for different voltages. Through the detection of the current battery voltage, the corresponding battery capacity is compared from the table of the voltage look-up table. Furthermore, the voltage look-up table method can estimate the battery capacity quickly and simply. However, during the use of the battery, the measured voltage usually produces a jump. If the battery is discharged, the voltage will suddenly and suddenly go down. Drop it, then slowly pull it back up, or, when the battery is charging, the voltage will suddenly rise sharply, and then slowly fall. Here, the battery voltage will produce a drastic change in a certain period of time due to the charge and discharge of the battery, which causes an inaccurate problem in the battery capacity estimated by the voltage look-up table method. In addition, the battery gradually becomes physically aging with the time of use, and its storage capacity is getting worse and worse. However, the voltage look-up method has no predictive ability for battery aging, resulting in estimated battery capacity. It will be less precise.
本發明的一目的，在於提出一種電池容量的預估方法，其方法應用在一具有一電池的電子裝置上，當一電池容量的預估程式執行預估殘餘容量的流程時，利用一查找表及一自耗電容量來校正所記錄的一電池殘餘容量，以便預估出一精確的電池殘餘容量，而在電池容量的預估程式執行一預估滿充電容量的流程時，利用預估出的電池殘餘容量以及配合庫倫計數法從放電的過程中或充電的過程中計算出補償容量，並根據計算出的補償容量補償先前錯誤記錄的滿充電容量，致使以進一步預估出一精準的滿充電容量。An object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating battery capacity, which is applied to an electronic device having a battery, and when a battery capacity estimation program performs a process of estimating residual capacity, a lookup table is utilized. And a self-consumption capacity to correct the recorded residual capacity of the battery in order to estimate an accurate battery residual capacity, and use the estimated battery capacity estimation program to perform a process of estimating the full charge capacity. The residual capacity of the battery and the Coulomb counting method are used to calculate the compensation capacity from the process of discharging or during charging, and compensate the previously calculated full charge capacity according to the calculated compensation capacity, so as to further estimate a precise full Charging capacity.
為達成上述目的，本發明提供一種電池容量的預估方法，其預估方法使用在一具有一電池的電子裝置上，步驟包括：判斷電池的一電流或一平均電流是否為零， 若是，執行一預估殘餘容量的流程，若否，執行一預估滿充電容量的流程；執行預估殘餘容量的流程步驟包括：檢測電池的一電壓；根據檢測出電池的電壓以從一查找表中查詢出一對照的參考容量；及判斷一先前記錄的殘餘容量是否小於參考容量，當先前記錄的殘餘容量小於參考容量時，重新回到判斷電池的電流或平均電流是否為零的步驟；當先前記錄的殘餘容量大於參考容量時，對於目前記錄的殘餘容量執行至少一次自耗電容量的扣除程序以使一新記錄的殘餘容量小於參考容量，當自耗電容量的扣除程序完成後，重新回到判斷電池的電流或平均電流是否為零的步驟；及執行預估滿充電容量的流程步驟包括：令電池執行一放電程序：以一庫倫計數法計數電池所放電的一電荷容量以計算出一放電的計數容量且將先前記錄的殘餘容量扣除放電的計數容量以取得新記錄的殘餘容量；判斷電池是否處在一電量耗盡的狀態，若是，新記錄的殘餘容量將作為一第一補償容量，若否，持續進行電池的放電且將先前記錄的殘餘容量扣除放電的計數容量以更新新記錄的殘餘容量；及將一先前記錄的滿充電容量扣除第一補償容量以預估出一新的滿充電容量。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for estimating a battery capacity, the estimation method of which is used on an electronic device having a battery, the method comprising: determining whether a current or an average current of the battery is zero, and if so, performing a process of estimating the residual capacity, if not, performing a process of estimating the full charge capacity; the process step of performing the estimated residual capacity includes: detecting a voltage of the battery; and querying from a lookup table according to the detected voltage of the battery Determining a reference capacity of the comparison; and determining whether a previously recorded residual capacity is less than the reference capacity, and returning to the step of determining whether the current or average current of the battery is zero when the previously recorded residual capacity is less than the reference capacity; When the residual capacity is greater than the reference capacity, at least one self-consumption capacity deduction procedure is performed for the currently recorded residual capacity to make the residual capacity of a new record smaller than the reference capacity, and when the self-consumption capacity deduction procedure is completed, return to a step of determining whether the current or average current of the battery is zero; and performing an estimated full charge capacity The process steps include: causing the battery to perform a discharge process: counting a charge capacity discharged by the battery by a Coulomb counting method to calculate a discharge capacity of the discharge and subtracting the previously recorded residual capacity from the discharge capacity of the discharge to obtain a new record. Residual capacity; determine whether the battery is in a state of exhaustion; if so, the newly recorded residual capacity will be used as a first compensation capacity, and if not, continue to discharge the battery and subtract the previously recorded residual capacity from the discharge capacity. To update the residual capacity of the new record; and subtract a first compensation capacity from a previously recorded full charge capacity to estimate a new full charge capacity.
本發明一實施例中，更包括下列步驟：判斷電流是否小於零，若是，電池正在執行放電程序，若否，電池正在執行一充電程序。In an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: determining whether the current is less than zero, and if so, the battery is performing a discharging procedure, and if not, the battery is performing a charging procedure.
本發明一實施例中，其中電池正在執行充電程序的步驟包括：以庫倫計數法計數電池所充電的電荷容量以計算出一充電的計數容量且將先前記錄的殘餘容量加上充電的計數容量以取得新記錄的殘餘容量；判斷電池是否處在一電量滿充的狀態，若是，新記錄的殘餘容量扣除先前記錄的滿充電容量以取得一第二補償容量，若否，持續進行電池的充電且將先前記錄的殘餘容量加上充電的計數容量以更新新記錄的殘餘容量；及將先前記錄的滿充電容量加上第二補償容量以預估出新的滿充電容量。In an embodiment of the invention, the step of the battery being performing the charging procedure comprises: counting the charge capacity charged by the battery by the Coulomb counting method to calculate a charged counting capacity and adding the previously recorded residual capacity to the charged counting capacity to Obtaining the residual capacity of the new record; determining whether the battery is in a state of full charge; if so, the newly recorded residual capacity is deducted from the previously recorded full charge capacity to obtain a second compensation capacity, and if not, the battery is continuously charged and The previously recorded residual capacity is added to the charged count capacity to update the residual capacity of the new record; and the previously recorded full charge capacity is added to the second compensation capacity to estimate the new full charge capacity.
本發明一實施例中，更包括下列步驟：檢測電池的一運作溫度；及根據檢測出電池的電壓及運作溫度以從查找表中查詢出對照的參考容量。In an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: detecting an operating temperature of the battery; and querying the reference capacity of the control from the lookup table according to the detected voltage and operating temperature of the battery.
本發明一實施例中，更包括下列步驟：根據檢測出電池的電壓、運作溫度及電池的一充電次數以從查找表中查詢出對照的參考容量。In an embodiment of the invention, the method further includes the following steps: querying the reference capacity of the comparison from the lookup table according to the detected voltage of the battery, the operating temperature, and the number of times of charging of the battery.
本發明又提供一種電池容量的預估方法，其預估方法使用在一具有一電池的電子裝置上，步驟包括：判斷電池的一電流或一平均電流是否等於零， 若是，執行一殘餘容量的預估流程，若否，執行一預估滿充電容量的流程；執行預估殘餘容量的流程步驟包括：檢測電池的一電壓；根據檢測出電池的電壓以從一查找表中查詢出一對照的參考容量；及判斷一先前記錄的殘餘容量是否小於參考容量，當先前記錄的殘餘容量小於參考容量時，重新回到判斷電池的電流或平均電流是否為零的步驟；當先前記錄的殘餘容量大於參考容量時，對於目前記錄的殘餘容量執行至少一次自耗電容量的扣除程序以使一新記錄的殘餘容量小於參考容量，當自耗電容量的扣除程序完成後，重新回到判斷電池的電流或平均電流是否為零的步驟；及執行預估滿充電容量的流程步驟包括：令電池執行一充電程序；以一庫倫計數法計數電池所充電的電荷容量以計算出一充電的計數容量且將先前記錄的殘餘容量加上充電的計數容量以取得新記錄的殘餘容量；判斷電池是否處在一電量滿充的狀態，若是，新記錄的殘餘容量扣除一先前記錄的滿充電容量以取得一第二補償容量，若否，持續進行電池的充電且將先前記錄的殘餘容量加上充電的計數容量以更新新記錄的殘餘容量；及將先前記錄的滿充電容量加上第二補償容量以預估出一新的滿充電容量。The invention further provides a method for estimating a battery capacity, wherein the estimating method is used on an electronic device having a battery, the step comprising: determining whether a current or an average current of the battery is equal to zero, and if so, performing a pre-remaining capacity Estimating the process, if not, performing a process of estimating the full charge capacity; the process step of performing the estimated residual capacity includes: detecting a voltage of the battery; and querying a reference of the control from a lookup table according to the detected voltage of the battery Capacity; and determining whether a previously recorded residual capacity is less than the reference capacity, and when the previously recorded residual capacity is less than the reference capacity, returning to the step of determining whether the current or average current of the battery is zero; when the previously recorded residual capacity is greater than the reference At the time of capacity, at least one self-consumption capacity deduction procedure is performed for the currently recorded residual capacity so that the residual capacity of a new record is less than the reference capacity, and when the self-consumption capacity deduction procedure is completed, returning to the determination of the battery current or a step of whether the average current is zero; and a process step package for performing an estimated full charge capacity Include: causing the battery to perform a charging procedure; counting the charge capacity charged by the battery by a Coulomb counting method to calculate a charging capacity of a charge and adding the previously recorded residual capacity to the charged counting capacity to obtain a newly recorded residual capacity; Determining whether the battery is in a fully charged state, and if so, the newly recorded residual capacity is deducted from a previously recorded full charge capacity to obtain a second compensation capacity, and if not, the battery is continuously charged and the previously recorded residual capacity is The charged count capacity is added to update the residual capacity of the new record; and the previously recorded full charge capacity is added to the second compensation capacity to estimate a new full charge capacity.
請參閱第1圖、第2圖、第3圖及第4圖，分別為本發明電子裝置的電路結構示意圖、本發明電池容量的預估方法的流程圖、本發明預估殘餘容量的流程圖及本發明預估滿充電容量的流程圖。如第1圖所示，本發明電子裝置100包括一電池10、一處理器11、一儲存單元12、一顯示單元13、一電流檢測電路14及一電壓檢測電路15。處理器11連接電池10、儲存單元12、顯示單元13、電流檢測電路14及電壓檢測電路15。儲存單元12儲存有一電池容量的預估程式120與一查找表121，且記錄有一電池的殘餘容量(Remaining Capacity，RM)及一電池的滿充電容量(Full Charged Capacity，FCC)的相關資訊。本發明電子裝置100利用電池容量的預估程式120對於電池10執行一預估殘餘容量的流程或一預估滿充電容量的流程以更新所記錄的殘餘容量(RM)或所記錄的滿充電容量(FCC)。再者，所記錄的殘餘容量(RM)或滿充電容量(FCC)將被儲存於儲存單元12中或顯示在顯示單元13上。Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , which are respectively a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an electronic device according to the present invention, a flowchart of a method for estimating a battery capacity of the present invention, and a flow chart of estimating residual capacity of the present invention. And a flow chart for estimating the full charge capacity of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the electronic device 100 of the present invention includes a battery 10 , a processor 11 , a storage unit 12 , a display unit 13 , a current detecting circuit 14 , and a voltage detecting circuit 15 . The processor 11 is connected to the battery 10, the storage unit 12, the display unit 13, the current detecting circuit 14, and the voltage detecting circuit 15. The storage unit 12 stores a battery capacity estimation program 120 and a lookup table 121, and records information about a battery's Remaining Capacity (RM) and a battery's Full Charged Capacity (FCC). The electronic device 100 of the present invention uses the battery capacity estimation program 120 to perform a process of estimating the residual capacity or a process of estimating the full charge capacity for the battery 10 to update the recorded residual capacity (RM) or the recorded full charge capacity. (FCC). Furthermore, the recorded residual capacity (RM) or full charge capacity (FCC) will be stored in the storage unit 12 or displayed on the display unit 13.
如第2圖所示，本發明電池容量的預估方法的流程如下所述：首先，步驟S201，處理器11開啟電池容量的預估程式120，利用電流檢測電路14檢測電池10的一電流(I)，判斷電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)是否為零。假如電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)為零，電池10將處在一未充放電的狀態，電池容量的預估程式120將會執行一預估殘餘容量的流程S21；或者，假如電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)不為零，電池10正處在一充電狀態或一放電狀態，電池容量的預估程式120將會執行一預估滿充電容量的流程S23。 As shown in FIG. 2, the flow of the method for estimating the battery capacity of the present invention is as follows: First, in step S201, the processor 11 turns on the battery capacity estimation program 120, and detects a current of the battery 10 by the current detecting circuit 14. I), it is judged whether the current (I) or the average current (I avg ) of the battery 10 is zero. If the current (I) or average current (I avg ) of the battery 10 is zero, the battery 10 will be in an uncharged state, and the battery capacity estimation program 120 will perform a process S21 of estimating the residual capacity; or If the current (I) or average current (I avg ) of the battery 10 is not zero, the battery 10 is in a state of charge or a state of discharge, and the battery capacity estimation program 120 will perform an estimated full charge capacity. Flow S23.
如第3圖所示，預估殘餘容量的流程S21被執行時，首先，步驟S211，處理器11利用電壓檢測電路15檢測電池10的一電壓(V)，根據於檢測出的電壓(V)從查找表121中查詢出一對照的參考容量(RM ref)。在本發明一實施例中，查找表121為一電池的電壓與參考容量的對照表，其列出每一電池的電壓所對照的參考容量，例如：A1(mV)的電壓對照於B1(mA)的參考容量，A2(mV)的電壓對照於B2(mA)的參考容量，…，A N(mV)的電壓對照於B N(mA)的參考容量等等。步驟S213，處理器11判斷一先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)是否小於參考殘餘容量(RM ref)。若先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)小於參考容量(RM ref)，不更新殘餘容量(RM prev)，重新回到步驟S201，處理器11繼續判斷電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)是否為零。反之，若先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)大於參考容量(RM ref)時，執行步驟S215對於先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)執行至少一次自耗電容量(self-consumption capacity)的扣除程序，以取得一新的殘餘容量(RM new= RM prev－Self_con)，之後，步驟S201、S211、S213及S215持續進行，直到新的殘餘容量(RM new)小於參考容量(RM ref)為止。在本發明中，自耗電容量(Self_con)是為一殘餘容量的自我修正值，其為一小單位的數值，如1mAh或其他數值。當自耗電容量(Self_con)的扣除程序完成後且新的殘餘容量(RM new)已小於參考容量(RM ref)時，新的殘餘容量(RM new)將記錄儲存單元12中，且重新回到步驟S201，處理器11繼續判斷電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)是否為零。於此，經由多次的自耗電容量(Self_con)校正所記錄的殘餘容量(RM new)，以使所記錄的殘餘容量(RM new)能夠逐漸接近於查找表121中所對應的參考容量(RM ref)進而預估出一精確的電池殘餘容量(RM)。 As shown in FIG. 3, when the process S21 of estimating the residual capacity is performed, first, in step S211, the processor 11 detects a voltage (V) of the battery 10 by the voltage detecting circuit 15, based on the detected voltage (V). A reference capacity (RM ref ) of a comparison is queried from the lookup table 121. In an embodiment of the invention, the lookup table 121 is a comparison table of the voltage and the reference capacity of a battery, which lists the reference capacity against which the voltage of each battery is compared, for example, the voltage of A1 (mV) is compared with B1 (mA). The reference capacity, the voltage of A2 (mV) is compared to the reference capacity of B2 (mA), ..., the voltage of A N (mV) is compared to the reference capacity of B N (mA), and the like. In step S213, the processor 11 determines whether a previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ) is less than the reference residual capacity (RM ref ). If the previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ) is less than the reference capacity (RM ref ), the residual capacity (RM prev ) is not updated, and returning to step S201, the processor 11 continues to determine the current (I) or average current of the battery 10 (I Avg ) is zero. On the other hand, if the previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ) is greater than the reference capacity (RM ref ), step S215 is performed to perform at least one self-consumption capacity deduction procedure for the previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ). To obtain a new residual capacity (RM new = RM prev - Self_con), then steps S201, S211, S213, and S215 continue until the new residual capacity (RM new ) is less than the reference capacity (RM ref ). In the present invention, the self-consumption capacity (Self_con) is a self-correcting value of a residual capacity, which is a small unit of values such as 1 mAh or other values. When the self-consumption capacity (Self_con) deduction procedure is completed and the new residual capacity (RM new ) is less than the reference capacity (RM ref ), the new residual capacity (RM new ) will be recorded in the storage unit 12 and returned again. In step S201, the processor 11 continues to determine whether the current (I) or the average current (I avg ) of the battery 10 is zero. Here, the recorded residual capacity (RM new ) is corrected via a plurality of self-consumption capacities (Self_con) such that the recorded residual capacity (RM new ) can gradually approach the reference capacity corresponding to the lookup table 121 ( RM ref ) in turn estimates an accurate battery residual capacity (RM).
此外，本發明另一實施例中，電子裝置100尚包括一溫度檢測電路16，處理器11連接溫度檢測電路16且經由溫度檢測電路16檢測電池10的運作溫度，查找表121亦可為一電池的電壓、電池的運作溫度與參考容量的對照表，故步驟S211，處理器11也可以根據檢測出電池10的電壓及運作溫度以從查找表121中查詢出對照的參考容量(RM ref)。或者，本發明又一實例中，查找表121亦可為一電池的電壓、電池的運作溫度、電池的充電次數與參考容量的對照表，處理器11也可以根據檢測出電池10的電壓、運作溫度及充電次數以從查找表121中查詢出對照的參考容量(RM ref)。 In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device 100 further includes a temperature detecting circuit 16 . The processor 11 is connected to the temperature detecting circuit 16 and detects the operating temperature of the battery 10 via the temperature detecting circuit 16 . The lookup table 121 can also be a battery. The voltage, the operating temperature of the battery and the reference capacity are compared. Therefore, in step S211, the processor 11 can also query the reference capacity (RM ref ) from the look-up table 121 based on the detected voltage and operating temperature of the battery 10. Alternatively, in another example of the present invention, the lookup table 121 may also be a comparison table of the voltage of the battery, the operating temperature of the battery, the number of times of charging the battery, and the reference capacity, and the processor 11 may also operate according to the voltage of the battery 10 being detected. The temperature and the number of times of charging are used to query the reference capacity (RM ref ) of the comparison from the lookup table 121.
如第2圖及第4圖所示，回到步驟S201，若處理器11判斷出電池10的電流(I)或平均電流(I avg)不等於零，電池容量的預估程式120將會執行一預估滿充電容量的流程S23。預估滿充電容量的流程S23被執行時，首先步驟S231，處理器11判斷電池10的電流(I)是否小於零，若是，電池10正在執行一放電程序S25，若否，電池10正在執行一充電程序S27。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, returning to step S201, if the processor 11 determines that the current (I) or the average current (I avg ) of the battery 10 is not equal to zero, the battery capacity estimation program 120 will execute one. Process S23 for estimating the full charge capacity. When the process S23 for estimating the full charge capacity is executed, first, in step S231, the processor 11 determines whether the current (I) of the battery 10 is less than zero, and if so, the battery 10 is performing a discharge process S25, and if not, the battery 10 is executing a Charging procedure S27.
當電池10正在執行放電程序S25時，步驟S251，以一庫倫計數法計數電池10所放電的電荷容量以計算出一放電的計數容量(Count_Dsg)，且將先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)扣除放電的計數容量(Count_Dsg)以取得一新的殘餘容量(RM new= RM prev－Count_Dsg)。接著，繼續步驟S253，判斷電池10是否處在一電量耗盡的狀態，若是，電池10已處在電量耗盡的狀態，執行步驟S255，新的殘餘容量(RM new)將作為一第一補償容量(Offset 1=RM new)；反之，若電池10未放完電，回到步驟S251，持續進行電池10的放電且利用庫倫計數法對於電池10的放電電荷容量進行計數以持續更新殘餘容量(RM new)。步驟S257，當第一補償容量(Offset 1)求得後，將一先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)扣除第一補償容量(Offset 1)以預估出一新的滿充電容量(FCC new=FCC prev－Offset 1)。 When the battery 10 is performing the discharging process S25, in step S251, the charge capacity discharged by the battery 10 is counted by a coulomb counting method to calculate a discharge capacity (Count_Dsg) of a discharge, and the previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ) is deducted. The counted capacity of the discharge (Count_Dsg) to obtain a new residual capacity (RM new = RM prev - Count_Dsg). Then, proceeding to step S253, it is determined whether the battery 10 is in a state in which the battery is exhausted. If the battery 10 is in a depleted state, the step S255 is performed, and the new residual capacity (RM new ) is used as a first compensation. The capacity (Offset 1 = RM new ); conversely, if the battery 10 is not discharged, returning to step S251, the discharge of the battery 10 is continued, and the discharge charge capacity of the battery 10 is counted by the Coulomb counting method to continuously update the residual capacity ( RM new ). Step S257, after the first compensation capacity (Offset 1 ) is obtained, a previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is deducted from the first compensation capacity (Offset 1 ) to estimate a new full charge capacity (FCC new). =FCC prev -Offset 1 ).
延續上述，電池10電量耗盡時，其記錄的電池殘餘容量應該為零，然，亦可能先前記錄上的失準或電池老化的因素而讓所記錄的電池殘餘容量產生不為零的狀況。若電池10電量完全耗盡且記錄的殘餘容量(RM new)為負值時，其代表先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)是低估電池10的儲電能力；反之，若電池10電量耗盡且記錄的殘餘容量(RM new)為一正值時，其代表先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)是高估電池10的儲電能力。於是，本發明電池容量的預估程式120利用預估出的電池殘餘容量以及配合庫倫計數法從放電的過程計算出第一補償容量(Offset 1)，並利用第一補償容量(Offset 1)補償原新記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)，以便預估出一準確的滿充電容量(FCC new=FCC prev－Offset 1)。 Continuing the above, when the battery 10 is depleted, its recorded battery residual capacity should be zero. However, it is also possible that the recorded residual battery capacity is not zero due to the previously recorded misalignment or battery aging factor. If the battery 10 is completely depleted and the recorded residual capacity (RM new ) is negative, it represents the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) to underestimate the storage capacity of the battery 10; conversely, if the battery 10 is depleted And when the recorded residual capacity (RM new ) is a positive value, it represents the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) which is an overestimation of the storage capacity of the battery 10. Therefore, the battery capacity estimation program 120 of the present invention calculates the first compensation capacity (Offset 1 ) from the discharge process using the estimated battery residual capacity and the Coulomb counting method, and compensates with the first compensation capacity (Offset 1 ). The newly recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) to estimate an accurate full charge capacity (FCC new =FCC prev -Offset 1 ).
相反的，在步驟S231中，若處理器11判斷出電池10的電流是大於零，亦可得知電池10正在執行充電程序S27。當電池10正在執行放電程序S27時，步驟S271，以庫倫計數法計數電池10所充電的電荷容量以計算出一充電的計數容量(Count_Chg)，且將先前記錄的殘餘容量(RM prev)加上充電的計數容量(Count_Chg)以取得一新的殘餘容量(RM new= RM prev＋Count_Chg)。接著，繼續步驟S273，判斷電池10是否處在一電量滿充的狀態，若是，電池10已處在電量滿充的狀態，執行步驟S275，新的殘餘容量(RM new)扣除先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)以取得一第二補償容量(Offset 2= RM new－FCC prev)；反之，若電池10尚未滿充，回到步驟S271，持續進行電池10的充電且利用庫倫計數法對於電池10的充電電荷容量進行計數以持續更新殘餘容量(RM new)。步驟S277，當第二補償容量(Offset 2)求得後， 將先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)加上第二補償容量(Offset 2)以預估出一新的滿充電容量(FCC new= FCC prev＋Offset 2)。 Conversely, in step S231, if the processor 11 determines that the current of the battery 10 is greater than zero, it can be known that the battery 10 is executing the charging routine S27. When the battery 10 is performing the discharging process S27, in step S271, the charge capacity charged by the battery 10 is counted by the Coulomb counting method to calculate a charged counting capacity (Count_Chg), and the previously recorded residual capacity (RM prev ) is added. The counted capacity of the charge (Count_Chg) to obtain a new residual capacity (RM new = RM prev + Count_Chg). Then, proceeding to step S273, it is determined whether the battery 10 is in a state in which the battery is fully charged. If the battery 10 is in a state of full charge, step S275 is performed, and the new residual capacity (RM new ) is deducted from the previously recorded full charge. Capacity (FCC prev ) to obtain a second compensation capacity (Offset 2 = RM new -FCC prev ); conversely, if the battery 10 is not fully charged, return to step S271, continue charging the battery 10 and use the Coulomb counting method for the battery The charge capacity of 10 is counted to continuously update the residual capacity (RM new ). Step S277, after the second compensation capacity (Offset 2 ) is obtained, the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is added to the second compensation capacity (Offset 2 ) to estimate a new full charge capacity (FCC new). = FCC prev +Offset 2 ).
同樣地，延續上述，電池10電量滿充時，其記錄的電池殘餘容量(RM)與先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)間的差值應該為零，例如：RM new－FCC prev=0，然，亦可能記錄上的失準或電池老化的因素而讓其差值不為零的狀況。若電池10完全充電且記錄的電池殘餘容量(RM)與先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)間的差值為負值時，其代表先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)是高估電池10的儲電能力；反之，若電池10電量滿充且記錄的電池殘餘容量(RM)與先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)間的差值為一正值時，其代表先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)是低估電池10的儲電能力。於是，本發明電池容量的預估程式120利用預估出的電池殘餘容量以及配合庫倫計數法從充電的過程計算出第二補償容量(Offset 2)，並利用第二補償容量(Offset 2)補償原新記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)，以便預估出一準確的滿充電容量(FCC new=FCC prev+Offset 2)。 Similarly, continuing the above, when the battery 10 is fully charged, the difference between the recorded battery residual capacity (RM) and the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) should be zero, for example: RM new -FCC prev =0 However, it is also possible to record the factors of misalignment or battery aging and let the difference be non-zero. If the battery 10 is fully charged and the difference between the recorded battery residual capacity (RM) and the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is negative, it represents the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is an overestimated battery 10, the storage capacity; conversely, if the battery 10 is fully charged and the difference between the recorded battery residual capacity (RM) and the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is a positive value, it represents the full record of the previous record. The charge capacity (FCC prev ) is an underestimation of the storage capacity of the battery 10. Thus, the battery capacity estimation program 120 of the present invention calculates the second compensation capacity (Offset 2 ) from the charging process using the estimated battery residual capacity and the Coulomb counting method, and compensates with the second compensation capacity (Offset 2 ). The newly recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) is used to estimate an accurate full charge capacity (FCC new = FCC prev + Offset 2 ).
綜合上述，本發明電池容量的預估程式120執行預估殘餘容量的流程時，利用查找表121及自耗電容量來校正所記錄的電池殘餘容量(RM)，以便預估出一精確的電池殘餘容量(RM)。此外，先前記錄的滿充電容量(FCC prev)亦可能因為記錄上的失準或電池老化的因素而產生錯誤，於此，本發明電池容量的預估程式120在執行預估滿充電容量的流程時，利用預估出的電池殘餘容量(RM)以及配合庫倫計數法從放電的過程中或充電的過程中計算出補償容量(Offset)，並根據計算出的補償容量(Offset)補償先前錯誤記錄的滿充電容量(FCC)，致使以進一步預估出一精準的滿充電容量(FCC)。 In summary, when the battery capacity estimation program 120 of the present invention performs the process of estimating the residual capacity, the look-up table 121 and the self-consumption capacity are used to correct the recorded battery residual capacity (RM) to estimate an accurate battery. Residual capacity (RM). In addition, the previously recorded full charge capacity (FCC prev ) may also be erroneous due to recording misalignment or battery aging factors. Accordingly, the battery capacity estimation program 120 of the present invention performs the process of estimating the full charge capacity. The estimated residual capacity (RM) and the Coulomb counting method are used to calculate the compensation capacity (Offset) from the process of discharging or charging, and the previous error record is compensated according to the calculated compensation capacity (Offset). The full charge capacity (FCC) is used to further estimate a precise full charge capacity (FCC).
以上所述者，僅為本發明之一較佳實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明實施之範圍，即凡依本發明申請專利範圍所述之形狀、構造、特徵及精神所為之均等變化與修飾，均應包括於本發明之申請專利範圍內。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is equivalent to the changes in shape, structure, features and spirit of the present invention. Modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
100‧‧‧電子裝置
10‧‧‧電池
11‧‧‧處理器
12‧‧‧儲存單元
120‧‧‧電池容量的預估程式
121‧‧‧查找表
13‧‧‧顯示單元
14‧‧‧電流檢測電路
15‧‧‧電壓檢測電路
16‧‧‧溫度檢測電路100‧‧‧Electronic devices
10‧‧‧Battery
11‧‧‧ Processor
12‧‧‧ storage unit
120‧‧‧Battery capacity estimation program
121‧‧‧ lookup table
13‧‧‧Display unit
14‧‧‧ Current detection circuit
15‧‧‧Voltage detection circuit
16‧‧‧ Temperature detection circuit
第1圖：本發明電子裝置的電路結構示意圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the circuit structure of an electronic device of the present invention.
第2圖：本發明電池容量的預估方法的流程圖。Figure 2 is a flow chart showing a method for estimating the battery capacity of the present invention.
第3圖：本發明電子裝置的電路結構示意圖。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the circuit structure of the electronic device of the present invention.
第4圖：本發明預估滿充電容量的流程圖。Figure 4: Flow chart of the estimated full charge capacity of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| TW107102006A TWI628453B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Method for estimated battery capacity |
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| TWI723694B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-04-01 | 國家中山科學研究院 | A method to quickly evaluate the remaining available capacity of the battery |
| CN113311347A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-08-27 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Apparatus, method and system for estimating available state of charge of battery |
| TWI758760B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-03-21 | 仁寶電腦工業股份有限公司 | Battery control device and battery capacity estimation method |
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| CN112098867B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-05-05 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Method, device and medium for determining remaining capacity and capacity display information of battery |
| CN112858938B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2022-10-21 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electric quantity calculation method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6936495B2 (en) | 2021-09-15 |
| JP2019128346A (en) | 2019-08-01 |
| TW201932863A (en) | 2019-08-16 |
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