TWI620153B - Optical fiber slope disaster monitoring method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method and system. The system comprises a plurality of optical transceiver modules, a plurality of optical cables, a control module and an analysis module; the plurality of optical cables are arranged in a crisscross manner in a monitoring A plurality of sensors are connected in series on each optical fiber; each optical transceiver module is respectively connected with one optical cable; the control module controls the optical transceiver module to send a detection signal to the optical cable, and receives the detection signal on the same optical cable. The signal light power intensity returned; the analysis module can determine the location of the geological disaster event according to the signal light power intensity returned by each cable, and realize the purpose of the slope disaster detection.

Description

Optical fiber slope disaster monitoring method and system

This creation is about a geological disaster monitoring technology, especially a method and system for monitoring slope disasters using fiber optic equipment.

Because China is located in the earthquake zone, the geology is sensitive and fragile, and because of the over-exploitation of the hillside, the soil and water conservation work has not been carried out. When faced with typhoon or heavy rain, a large amount of rainwater entrained sediment will easily lead to slope collapse, landslide and earth-rock flow. Such as geological disasters, causing extremely great losses or threats to neighboring buildings, roads or people's lives, so the early warning and monitoring of geological disasters is an important issue.

Traditional geological hazard warning or monitoring technologies mainly include:

1. Wireless: The use of wireless sensors to monitor the occurrence of disasters. The shortcomings are easily interfered by external factors such as noise or weather conditions in the setting environment, electronic components or antennas are also prone to rust and damage, and a power supply device is required to provide power to the wireless sensor for operation.

2. Infrared type: It is monitored by an infrared sensor, but the infrared signal is easily shielded or disturbed by the weather, and the power supply device is also required to supply power to the infrared sensor.

Third, fiber-optic: can use an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) combined with fiber grating, or a distribution of time-domain time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) combined with fiber to achieve disaster monitoring, but optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) ) or the cost of the Bolivian Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) is quite expensive, which is not conducive to popularization and application.

The main purpose of this creation is to provide a fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method with simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient construction and no interference from the weather.

To achieve the foregoing objectives, the fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method includes:

Laying a plurality of first optical cables on the monitoring area along the first direction, and each of the first optical cables is connected in series with a plurality of first sensors;

And laying a plurality of second optical cables on the monitoring area along the second direction, wherein each of the second optical cables is intersected with each of the first optical cables and is connected in series with a plurality of second sensors, each of the second optical cables The second sensor is arranged adjacent to the first sensor on the intersecting first cable in pairs;

Transmitting a first detection signal on each of the first optical cables, and detecting a first return signal of the first detection signal after returning in the first optical cable;

Transmitting a second detection signal on each of the second optical cables, and detecting a second return signal after the second detection signal returns in the second optical cable;

Based on the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals, it is determined whether a geological event occurs in the monitored area.

According to the foregoing method, when the first sensor or the second sensor distributed in the monitoring area generates an abnormality, or the first optical cable and the second optical cable are excessively bent, the first optical transmission and reception of the corresponding connection may be caused. The module and the second light receiving module receive the abnormal first back signal and the second back signal, so that the geological event can be determined according to the first back signal and the second back signal. The method of the present invention only uses the optical cable and the sensor which are relatively cheap, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the utility model can be widely promoted and used; and the optical fiber itself is not interfered by the weather, and the monitoring effect can be better.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system for detecting a monitoring area, the system comprising:

a plurality of first optical cables are disposed in the first direction in the first direction, and each of the first optical cables has at least two optical fiber cores, and each of the first optical cables is composed of a plurality of first sensors connected in series with a plurality of optical fiber segments;

a plurality of second optical cables laid in the monitoring area along the second direction, each of the second optical cables has at least two optical fiber cores, and each of the second optical cables is composed of a plurality of second sensors connected in series with a plurality of optical fiber segments. Each of the second sensors on each of the second optical cables is arranged adjacent to each other in pairs with the corresponding first sensors on the intersecting first optical cables;

a plurality of first optical transceiver modules respectively connected to the front ends of the first optical cables to respectively transmit a first detection signal to the corresponding first optical cable and receive the first detection signal after returning in the first optical cable One of the first return signals;

a plurality of second optical transceiver modules are respectively connected to one ends of the second optical cables to respectively transmit a second detection signal to the corresponding second optical cable and receive the second detection signal after returning in the second optical cable One of the second return signals;

a control module is configured to connect the first optical transceiver modules and the second optical transceiver modules to receive the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals;

An analysis module is connected to the control module to receive the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals output by the control module, according to the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul A signal is used to determine whether a geological event has occurred in the monitored area.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flow chart of the method for monitoring the fiber-optic slope disaster, and includes the following steps:

S11: laying a plurality of first optical cables on a monitoring area in a first direction, and connecting a plurality of first sensors in series on each of the first optical cables;

S12: laying a plurality of second optical cables on the monitoring area along the second direction, wherein each of the second optical cables is intersected with each of the first optical cables and serially connected with a plurality of second sensors, each of the second optical cables Each of the second sensors is arranged adjacent to the first sensor on the intersecting first cable in pairs;

S13: transmitting a first detection signal on each of the first optical cables, and detecting a first return signal of the first detection signal on the first optical cable;

S14: transmitting a second detection signal on each of the second optical cables, and detecting a second return signal of the second detection signal on the second optical cable;

S15: Determine, according to the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals, whether an event occurs in the monitored area.

Referring to FIG. 2, in order to further explain the implementation manner of the foregoing method, the present invention proposes a fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system, which mainly includes a plurality of first optical transceiver modules 10, a plurality of first optical cables 11, and a plurality of The two optical transceiver modules 20, the plurality of second optical cables 21, a control module 30, and an analysis module 40.

First, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the first optical cable 11. The plurality of first optical transceiver modules 10 are respectively connected to one ends of the first optical cables 11 , and the first optical cables 11 are distributed in a first direction along a monitoring area 100. In this embodiment, A fiber optic cable 11 is arranged in the longitudinal direction in the monitoring area 100, and the monitoring area 100 is a hillside surface. Each of the first optical cables 11 has at least two optical fiber cores therein, and each of the first optical cables 11 is composed of a plurality of optical cable segments connected in series by a plurality of first sensors 12 .

Referring to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the second optical cable 21, the plurality of second optical transceiver modules 20 are respectively connected to one ends of the second optical cables 21, and the second optical cables 21 are along the line. The second direction is dispersedly arranged in the monitoring area 100. In this embodiment, the second optical cable 21 is arranged along the longitudinal direction in the monitoring area 100, wherein the number of the second optical cables 21 used does not need to be equal to the first The number of a fiber optic cable 11. Each of the second optical cables 21 also has at least two optical fiber cores, and each of the second optical cables 21 is also composed of a plurality of optical cable segments connected in series by a plurality of second sensors 22.

The control module 30 is connected to the first optical transceiver module 10 and the second optical transceiver module 20, and is responsible for controlling each of the first optical transceiver modules 10 to respectively transmit a first detection signal to the first optical cable 11 and pass the The first optical transceiver module 10 receives the first backhaul signal returned from the first optical cable 11. Similarly, the control module 30 also controls each of the second optical transceiver modules 20 to transmit a second detection signal to the second optical cable 21, and receives the return from the second optical cable 11 through the second optical transceiver module 20. The second return signal.

The first back-back signal is the signal of the first detection signal after entering the first optical cable 11 and then returned by the end of the first optical cable 11, which refers to the optical power intensity of the returned optical power; similarly, the second time The transmitted signal is the intensity of the optical power returned by the second detection signal after entering the second optical cable 21 and then returned by the end of the second optical cable 21. In order to achieve the purpose of signal return, a fiber fusion splicer can be used to directly fuse the ends of the first optical cables 11 and also directly fuse the ends of the second optical cables 21 to connect the optical fibers in the same optical cable to form a loop; The end of the first optical cable 11 is connected to a fiber returning unit 50, and the end of the second optical cable 21 is also connected to a fiber returning unit 50. Each of the optical fiber returning units 50 includes a fiber adapter and a fiber adapter. Two fiber connectors, two fiber connectors are respectively connected to the ends of two different fiber core wires in the same cable, and then the two fiber connectors are commonly connected to the fiber adapter, and the fiber core wires can also be connected. The purpose of forming a loop.

The control module 30 can further convert the received first backhaul signal and the second backhaul signal into a digital signal format, and then transmit the signal to the analysis module 40.

The analysis module 40 is connected to the control module 30, and the received first back signal and second back signal are corresponding to the individual first cable 11 and the individual second cable 21 of the analysis module 40. The preset threshold is compared to determine whether there is an event in the monitoring area 100. When the analysis module 40 determines that an event occurs, an alarm signal may be generated and transmitted externally, and an external alarm device or platform that receives the alarm signal issues alarm information, such as an alarm sound, a signal, a network release, and a personal action. Device, etc.

Referring to FIG. 5 , which is a possible embodiment of the first sensor 12 or the second sensor 22 , each sensor may include a second fiber connector 61 and a fiber adapter 62 . Under normal circumstances, the two fiber optic connectors 61 are respectively connected to the respective fiber optic cable segments and are commonly plugged into the fiber optic adapter 62 to maintain docking.

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. When a geological disaster event occurs, for example, a soil flow, a landslide or the like causes a change in the topography, the originally connected optical fiber connector 61 and the optical fiber connector 62 may be separated from each other, or may cause the optical cable. The line segment is excessively bent and deformed, and any of the conditions may cause the intensity of the first return signal or the second return signal in the optical period to change below the preset threshold, thereby determining that the position of the optical fiber should have an event. produce.

Referring to FIG. 8 , a 4*4 sensor array is taken as an example to illustrate how to use for slope disaster monitoring. In this embodiment, four first optical transceiver modules 10A-10D are used, and the first ones are used. The optical transceiver modules 10A-10D are respectively connected to four first optical cables 11A~11D, and each of the first optical cables 11A-11D has four first sensors 12a~12p; similarly, four second optical transceiver modules 20A~20D are respectively connected to four second optical cables 21A~21D, each of the second optical cables 21A~21D has four second sensors 22a-22p, the first sensors 12a~12p and the second sensing The devices 22a-22p are arranged in an array on the surface of the monitoring area 100, and each of the first sensors is arranged in close proximity to the position of the corresponding second sensor.

Under normal circumstances, the first optical cables 11A-11D and the second optical cables 11A-11 are distributed smoothly on the surface of the monitoring area 100, and each of the first sensors 12a-12p and the second sensor 22a ~22p also works normally, and the first backhaul signal received by the first optical transceiver module 10A~10D and the second backhaul signal received by the second optical transceiver module 20A~20D are greater than the preset threshold. Therefore, the analysis module 40 can determine that a disaster-free event occurs.

When a disaster event occurs in a certain range in the monitoring area 100, for example, the dotted line range indicates that the location is a disaster area 200, and the first sensor 12k and the second sensor 22k in the disaster area 200 are changed due to the topography. Trigger, that is, the optical fiber connector 61 constituting the first sensor 12k is separated from the optical fiber adapter 62, and the optical fiber connector 61 constituting the first sensor 22k is also separated from the optical fiber connector 62, or the first optical cable 11C The second optical cable 21C is obviously curved, and the intensity of the first return signal and the second return signal received by the first optical transceiver module 10C and the second optical transceiver module 20C is greatly reduced, and is lower than the preset. The threshold value is set, so that the analysis module 40 can determine that an event occurs, and the location is the intersection area of the first optical cable 11C and the second optical cable 21C, and the analysis module 40 can send an alarm signal.

The preset threshold in the analysis module 40 can be determined according to the actual situation of the monitoring area 100 to eliminate misjudgment of non-disaster events such as a few stones falling, human touch, and animal accidental collision. In addition, the analysis module 40 can further limit the number of adjacent sensors to be triggered according to the distribution density of the first sensor 12 and the second sensor 22, and is considered to be established. The disaster event, in other words, the analysis module 40 can be set to detect an abnormal situation within a large range to be regarded as a landslide event.

In summary, the fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method and system of the present invention has the following characteristics compared with the traditional monitoring technology:

1. The sensor of this creation is a passive optical component, which does not require a power supply, which simplifies construction complexity and avoids battery replacement problems.

2. The fiber of this creation is not subject to weather interference, and there is no problem that the signal is disturbed or obscured due to poor weather.

3. According to the field conditions of the monitoring domain, the layout density and position of the fiber and the sensor can be arbitrarily adjusted.

4. This creation does not need to use expensive optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) or Bu Liyuan time domain reflectometer (BOTDR), fiber grating and other equipment, can achieve monitoring efficiency, the overall production cost can be significantly reduced and is conducive to Practical promotion and application to improve the safety of the slope area.

5. The fiber optic cable used can be assembled with the sensor in advance, and the construction personnel can simply lay it on the spot in the field to simplify the construction work.

10, 10A~10D‧‧‧ first optical transceiver module

11, 11A~11D‧‧‧ first optical cable

12, 12a~12p‧‧‧ first sensor

20, 20A~20D‧‧‧second optical transceiver module

21, 21A~21D‧‧‧second optical cable

22, 22a~22p‧‧‧second sensor

30‧‧‧Control Module

40‧‧‧Analysis module

50‧‧‧Fiber return unit

61‧‧‧Fiber Optic Connectors

62‧‧‧Fiber adapter

100‧‧‧Monitoring area

200‧‧‧ disaster area

Figure 1: Flow chart of the proposed fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method. Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system of this creation. Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the construction of the first optical cable of this creation. Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the construction of the second optical cable of this creation. Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the normal state of the sensor of the present creation. Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the state of the sensor of this creation affected by geological disasters. Figure 7: Schematic diagram of another state of the sensor of this creation affected by geological disasters. Figure 8: Schematic diagram of the application of this creation to the side slope monitoring area.

Claims (7)

A fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method is applied to detect a monitoring area, the method comprises: laying a plurality of first optical cables in the first direction on the monitoring area, and each of the first optical cables is connected in series with a plurality of first senses a first sensor for detecting whether a geological event occurs at a location thereof; and a plurality of second optical cables are laid on the monitoring area in a second direction, wherein each of the second optical cables intersects each of the first optical cables Aligning and serially connecting a plurality of second sensors, wherein each of the second sensors on each of the second cables is adjacently arranged in pairs with the corresponding first sensors on the intersecting first cables, each second The sensor is configured to detect whether the geological event occurs at the location thereof; transmitting a first detection signal on each of the first optical cables, and detecting the first detection signal after returning the first detection signal in the first optical cable Transmitting a second detection signal on each of the second optical cables, and detecting a second return signal after the second detection signal returns in the second optical cable; and according to the first return signals and The second return signals, determine the Whether the geological event occurs in the measurement area, and the first return signals and the second return signals are compared with a preset threshold, if the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals are smaller than The preset threshold value indicates that the geological event occurs; wherein the first backhaul signal and the second backhaul signal are optical power intensity signals. The optical fiber slope disaster monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether an event occurs in the monitoring area is based on the first backhaul signal and the second backhaul that are less than the preset threshold The intersection of the first cable and the second cable corresponding to the signal determines the location of the geological event. The fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, when it is judged that the geological event occurs, an alarm signal is further generated. A fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system is applied to detect a monitoring area, the system comprises: a plurality of first optical cables laid in the monitoring area in a first direction, each of the first optical cables having at least two optical fiber cores, and each The first optical cable is composed of a plurality of first sensors connected in series with a plurality of optical fiber segments, each of the first sensors is configured to detect whether a geological event occurs at the location thereof; and the plurality of wires are laid in the monitoring region in the second direction. a second optical cable, each of the second optical cables has at least two optical fiber cores, and each of the second optical cables is composed of a plurality of second sensors connected in series with a plurality of optical fiber segments, and each second sensing on each of the second optical cables The first sensor is arranged adjacent to the first sensor on the intersecting first optical cable, and each of the second sensors is configured to detect whether the geological event occurs at the location; the plurality of first optical transceiver modules are Connecting the front ends of the first optical cables to respectively transmit a first detection signal to the corresponding first optical cable and receive a first return signal after the first detection signal returns in the first optical cable; The second optical transceiver module is respectively connected to the front ends of the second optical cables to respectively transmit a second detection signal to the corresponding second optical cable and receive the second detection signal after returning in the second optical cable. a second return signal; a control module connecting the first optical transceiver module and the second optical transceiver modules to receive the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals; An analysis module is connected to the control module to receive the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul signals output by the control module, according to the first backhaul signals and the second backhaul a signal, determining whether the geological event occurs in the monitoring area, storing a preset threshold in the analysis module, the analyzing module, the first return signal and the second return signal and a preset threshold Comparing, the first return signal and the second return signal are less than the preset threshold, indicating that the geological event occurs; wherein, the first back signal and the second back signal are all light Power intensity signal. The fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the other ends of the first optical cable and each of the second optical cables are connected to a fiber-optic return unit, the fiber-optic return unit includes a fiber adapter and two The fiber optic connector is respectively connected to the ends of two different optical fiber cores in the same optical cable, and the two optical fiber connectors are commonly plugged into the optical fiber adapter. In the fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system of claim 4, the two optical fiber cores at the ends of the first optical cables are fused and connected; and the two optical fiber cores at the ends of the second optical cables are fused and connected. The fiber-optic slope disaster monitoring system of claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein each of the first sensors comprises a fiber adapter and two fiber connectors, and the two fiber connectors are respectively connected to the first Two adjacent optical fiber segments of the optical cable are commonly plugged into the optical fiber adapter; each of the second sensors includes a fiber adapter and two fiber connectors, and the two fiber connectors are respectively connected to the second The adjacent two optical fiber segments of the optical cable are commonly plugged into the optical fiber adapter.