TWI611075B - Offshore wind turbine generator pipe pile laying method - Google Patents
Offshore wind turbine generator pipe pile laying method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI611075B TWI611075B TW105130991A TW105130991A TWI611075B TW I611075 B TWI611075 B TW I611075B TW 105130991 A TW105130991 A TW 105130991A TW 105130991 A TW105130991 A TW 105130991A TW I611075 B TWI611075 B TW I611075B
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Abstract
一種海上風力發電機鋼管樁打設方法，包括密封鋼管樁、鋼管樁下水、海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁、平台固定、吊起鋼管樁、打擊鋼管樁以及基座安裝等步驟，取代習知以吊船將鋼管樁運送至定點再打設安裝的作業，相對在體型上較小且構造也較簡化，而可同樣完成鋼管樁打設，藉此構成本發明。A method for setting up steel pipe piles for offshore wind power generators, including sealing steel pipe piles, steel pipe pile launching, offshore loading and transporting steel pipe piles, platform fixing, lifting steel pipe piles, striking steel pipe piles, and foundation mounting steps, etc. The gondolas transport the steel pipe piles to a fixed point and then install and install the work, which is relatively small in size and simple in structure, and the steel pipe piles can be similarly completed, thereby constituting the present invention.
Description
本發明係有關一種風力發電機，尤指一種海上風力發電機鋼管樁打設方法。The invention relates to a wind power generator, in particular to a method for laying steel pipe piles for offshore wind power generators.
習用之風力發電機，主要包括機體、葉片和立柱，常見設置在海邊的岸上，藉由海風吹動葉片旋轉，而使機體發電儲能。另一種是透過將鋼管樁打設至海床，並在海面上裝設可讓立柱固定的基座，而將風力發電機離岸設置而安裝在海面上，而可獲得海風較強的發電優勢，且不會佔據陸地上可用的空間。The wind turbines used in practice mainly include the body, blades and columns. They are usually installed on the shore of the sea. The sea breeze blows the blades to rotate, so that the body can generate electricity and store energy. The other is to install the steel pipe pile to the seabed, and install a pedestal that can fix the column on the sea surface, and install the wind power generator offshore to install on the sea surface, and obtain the advantages of strong sea breeze power generation. And does not occupy the space available on land.
如日本專利特開2006-37397號之文獻中，揭露一種風力發電機於離岸設置而安裝在海面上之施工方法，主要是有二工作船，一者體型較大，另一者體型較小，二工作船均設有單一吊臂之起重機，透過二工作船之起重機協同作業，以完成風力發電機之安裝作業。For example, in the document of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-37397, a construction method in which a wind power generator is installed offshore on the sea surface is disclosed, and there are mainly two work boats, one of which is larger in size and the other is smaller in size. Both workboats are equipped with a single boom crane, which works in tandem with the cranes of the second workboat to complete the installation of the wind turbine.
依目前趨勢的走向，風力發電機因發電量需求逐漸增加，讓風力發電機的體積愈來愈大，重量也會愈來愈重，所用的鋼管樁本身重量可達500至1500噸，直徑則可達5至8公尺，若要能完成風力發電機之安裝作業，特別是鋼管樁的吊掛作業，因前述日本專利文獻所揭露之起重機為單一吊臂之型態，故所設吊臂在結構強度上必須相當的要求，導致造價相當昂貴，故以負責安裝風力發電機的單位來說，通常不會因有風力發電機離岸安裝之需求而特地購買此類專用之機具，即便是承租也需花耗很高的租金，故有缺失改善之必要。According to the current trend, wind turbines are gradually increasing in demand due to power generation, making the wind turbines larger and heavier in weight. The steel pipe piles used can weigh 500 to 1,500 tons, and the diameter is Up to 5 to 8 meters, in order to complete the installation of wind turbines, especially the hanging of steel pipe piles, the crane disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese patent document is a single boom type, so the boom is provided. There must be considerable requirements in terms of structural strength, resulting in a relatively expensive cost. Therefore, in the case of the unit responsible for installing the wind turbine, it is usually not necessary to purchase such special equipment due to the demand for offshore installation of the wind turbine, even if it is Renting also requires a high rent, so there is a need for improvement.
本發明之主要目的，在於解決上述的問題而提供一種海上風力發電機鋼管樁打設方法，主要是在降低風力發電機設置之基座的鋼管樁安裝所需之成本，藉以提供安裝的效率和便利性。The main object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method for driving a steel pipe pile for an offshore wind power generator, mainly for reducing the cost required for installation of a steel pipe pile of a pedestal provided by a wind power generator, thereby providing installation efficiency and Convenience.
所欲打設之鋼管樁，其係中空且兩端透空而具有開口。為達前述之目的，本發明之打設方法包括以下步驟：The steel pipe pile to be laid is hollow and has both ends open to have an opening. For the foregoing purposes, the method of setting the present invention includes the following steps:
密封鋼管樁：於各該開口處設一端蓋，使該鋼管樁兩端的開口密封，以形成一在該鋼管樁內部密閉之浮室；Sealing steel pipe pile: one end cover is arranged at each opening, so that the openings at both ends of the steel pipe pile are sealed to form a floating chamber sealed inside the steel pipe pile;
鋼管樁下水：將已密封之鋼管樁設置在一車台上，並將該車台設在複數軌道上，該複數軌道是從岸上伸往海上，以推移裝置推動該車台在該複數軌道上由岸上往海上滑移，直至該鋼管樁在海面上浮起；Steel pipe pile launching: the sealed steel pipe pile is placed on a vehicle platform, and the vehicle platform is set on a plurality of tracks, the plurality of tracks extending from the shore to the sea, and the moving device is pushed by the pushing device on the plurality of tracks from the shore Sliding at sea until the steel pipe pile floats on the sea surface;
海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁：一可在海上航行的拖船設在海面上，前述浮起在海面上之鋼管樁，係一端以繩索連結在該拖船，且被拖行在該拖船的後方，而隨該拖船航行至安裝之定點；Mounting and transporting steel pipe piles at sea: A tugboat that can sail on the sea is placed on the sea surface. The above-mentioned steel pipe pile floating on the sea surface is connected to the tug by a rope at one end and is towed behind the tugboat. Sailing with the tugboat to the fixed point of installation;
平台固定：一平台航行至前述安裝之定點，有至少三支柱往海底伸設至固定於海床，並撐起該平台升至海面上方；所述平台，有一第一塔座和一第二塔座位在該平台的同一邊且位置對稱，該二塔座的頂端有二定滑輪，各該定滑輪有一吊索以一端可被捲動地連結於一捲揚機，且繞經該定滑輪後朝該平台垂下，各該吊索在前述垂下的一端有一吊具，該二定滑輪可側向位移而相對靠近或遠離；Fixed platform: a platform sails to the fixed point of the installation, at least three pillars are extended to the sea floor to be fixed to the seabed, and the platform is raised to rise above the sea surface; the platform has a first tower and a second tower The seat is symmetric on the same side of the platform, and the top of the two towers has two fixed pulleys, and each of the fixed pulleys has a sling connected to a hoist at one end, and is wound around the fixed pulley. Hanging down the platform, each of the slings has a spreader at the hanging end, and the two fixed pulleys can be laterally displaced and relatively close to or away from each other;
吊起鋼管樁：該二塔座以其吊具連結在海面上浮著的鋼管樁的一端，並由前述捲揚機捲動吊索而將該鋼管樁由水平逐漸吊起至直立，且直立時之鋼管樁並排在該二塔座之間；Lifting the steel pipe pile: the two towers are connected by the spreader to one end of the steel pipe pile floating on the sea surface, and the steel pipe pile is gradually hoisted from the horizontal to the upright by the hoisting machine, and the steel pipe is erected The piles are arranged side by side between the two towers;
打擊鋼管樁：將鋼管樁設置在欲安裝之定點，並脫離和該二塔座之吊具且被暫時定位，由該第一塔座以其定滑輪側向位移且吊起一被設置在旁之打樁器並移至該鋼管樁的正上方，由該打樁器以內部之一擊錘往下掉落而擊向該鋼管樁或受動力驅動該擊錘往上升回，以逐漸將該鋼管樁擊入海床至預定深度後，再將該打樁器從該鋼管樁上移開；Strike steel pipe pile: set the steel pipe pile at the fixed point to be installed, and disengage from the spreader of the two towers and be temporarily positioned, and the first tower seat is laterally displaced with its fixed pulley and is hoisted The pile driver is moved directly above the steel pipe pile, and the pile driver drops down one of the internal hammers and hits the steel pipe pile or is driven by the hammer to rise back to gradually build the steel pipe pile After hitting the seabed to a predetermined depth, the pile driver is removed from the steel pipe pile;
基座安裝：在該打樁器被移開後，該第二塔座以其定滑輪側向位移而吊起一被設置在旁之基座，並將該基座移至該鋼管樁頂端後固定，俾供前述海上風力發電機可在該鋼管樁上方安裝在該基座。Base mounting: after the pile driver is removed, the second tower is lifted by a fixed pulley laterally to lift a base disposed adjacent thereto, and the base is moved to the top of the steel pipe pile and fixed The offshore wind turbine can be mounted on the base above the steel pipe pile.
其中，所述推移裝置為液壓缸；該複數軌道中，有前述液壓缸者為第一軌道，無前述液壓缸者為第二軌道，前述液壓缸以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結所在之第一軌道，且前述液壓缸的另一端連結在該車台，該車台可被前述液壓缸逐步推動；各該軌道可被區分為位在岸上的水平段、由岸上伸往海面的傾斜段以及位在該水平段和該傾斜段之間之擺動段，此述擺動段是以一支撐座樞設且可被一致動器驅動而從水平擺動至傾斜，在該擺動段呈水平時是和該水平段的延伸方向對齊，且該擺動段可擺動至傾斜而和該傾斜段的延伸方向對齊；當該鋼管樁被設置在該車台上時，讓該複數軌道之擺動段被該致動器驅動而和水平段呈水平對齊，讓該車台被前述液壓缸推動而由該複數軌道之水平段移往擺動段，當該車台完全離開水平段後，再傾斜該擺動段至和該傾斜段的延伸方向對齊，且持續讓該車台被前述液壓缸推動至該傾斜段，直至該車台沉入海中，讓在該車台上的鋼管樁在海面上浮起。Wherein, the pushing device is a hydraulic cylinder; wherein the hydraulic cylinder is the first rail, and the hydraulic cylinder is the second rail, and the hydraulic cylinder is movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly connected thereto. a first track, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is coupled to the platform, the platform can be gradually pushed by the hydraulic cylinder; each of the tracks can be divided into a horizontal section on the shore, a sloped section extending from the shore to the sea, and a position In the oscillating section between the horizontal section and the inclined section, the oscillating section is pivoted by a support seat and can be driven by an actuator to swing from horizontal to tilt, and when the oscillating section is horizontal The extending direction of the segments is aligned, and the swinging portion is swingable to be inclined to be aligned with the extending direction of the inclined segment; when the steel pipe pile is disposed on the platform, the swinging portion of the plurality of rails is driven by the actuator Horizontally aligned with the horizontal section, the platform is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder to move from the horizontal section of the plurality of rails to the swing section, and when the platform completely leaves the horizontal section, the swing section is tilted to and from the tilt The extending direction of alignment, and the stage is continued so that the car hydraulic cylinder to push the inclined section until the car station sunk in the sea, so that the steel pipe pile in the car platform floating on the sea.
其中，各該液壓缸在兩端各有一夾具，各該夾具皆和液壓缸所在之第一軌道連結，且可活動地組設在所述第一軌道的頂部，各該夾具中有複數夾缸，所述夾具得以其中之複數夾缸撐緊於所在之第一軌道而暫時固定，或鬆脫而可於所在之第一軌道上活動；各該液壓缸之二夾具，以一者為暫時固定時另一者為鬆脫而可活動的方式，於所在之液壓缸推動該車台時，交替地固定於第一軌道上，而由液壓缸逐步將該車台由該水平段推動至傾斜段。Each of the hydraulic cylinders has a clamp at each end thereof, and each of the clamps is coupled to the first rail of the hydraulic cylinder, and is movably assembled on the top of the first rail, and each clamp has a plurality of clamp cylinders The clamp is temporarily fixed by being held by the plurality of clamp cylinders on the first track, or loosened to be movable on the first track; the second clamp of each of the hydraulic cylinders is temporarily fixed by one of the clamps The other is a loose and movable manner, which is alternately fixed to the first rail when the hydraulic cylinder is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic platform gradually pushes the platform from the horizontal section to the inclined section.
其中，該鋼管樁被該拖船拖行在後時，在該鋼管樁遠離該拖船的一端設有一重力件，該重力件可注水而產生重量，讓該鋼管樁在被拖行時，以該重力件對該鋼管樁遠離該拖船的一端提供一往下沉的力量，使該鋼管樁在被拖行時能較為筆直而不會在海面上任意搖擺。Wherein, when the steel pipe pile is towed by the tugboat, a gravity member is disposed at an end of the steel pipe pile away from the tug, the gravity piece can be injected with water to generate weight, so that the steel pipe pile is gravity when being towed The piece provides a sinking force to the end of the steel pipe pile away from the tug, so that the steel pipe pile can be straight when being towed without arbitrarily rocking on the sea surface.
其中，該鋼管樁被吊起時，該二端蓋之其中一者相對在上而為上端蓋，另一相對在下而為下端蓋，該上端蓋和下端蓋皆有一可讓該鋼管樁之浮室和外部相通之通孔，且周圍皆設有氣囊可被充氣而撐緊所設之鋼管樁的內壁以密封所設位置的開口，至少該下端蓋為中空而具有一空氣艙和一注水艙，該注水艙有一注水口、一排氣口、一充氣口和一排水口，有一氣管由該平台伸設至該下端蓋且連接該充氣口，而可充氣至該注水艙中；在該吊起鋼管樁的步驟時，將該上端蓋和下端蓋的通孔開啟，讓水從該下端蓋的通孔進入該鋼管樁內，且該鋼管樁內的空氣從該上端蓋所設通孔排出，可讓該鋼管樁設該下端蓋的一端往海中沉入，讓該鋼管樁被從水平而吊起呈直立；將該上端蓋和下端蓋的氣囊洩氣，且由該注水口將水注入該注水艙中，而注水艙內的空氣由該排氣口排出，使該下端蓋內沒有空氣而無浮力，使其下沉而離開所設之開口後，由該氣管對該充氣口充氣，而使該艙室內的水從該排水口排出，使該下端蓋內有空氣而產生浮力後浮上水面，俾供工作人員以拖船將該下端蓋拖回。Wherein, when the steel pipe pile is hoisted, one of the two end caps is opposite the upper end cover, and the other is a lower end cover, and the upper end cover and the lower end cover each have a floating of the steel pipe pile a through hole communicated between the chamber and the outside, and an air bag around the airbag can be inflated to support the inner wall of the steel pipe pile to seal the opening of the position, at least the lower end cover is hollow and has an air chamber and a water injection a water injection tank having a water injection opening, a venting opening, an inflation opening and a drainage opening, a gas pipe extending from the platform to the lower end cover and connecting the inflation port, and being inflatable into the water injection tank; When the step of lifting the steel pipe pile is carried out, the through holes of the upper end cover and the lower end cover are opened, so that water enters the steel pipe pile from the through hole of the lower end cover, and the air in the steel pipe pile is provided with the through hole from the upper end cover Discharging, the steel pipe pile is provided with one end of the lower end cover sinking into the sea, so that the steel pipe pile is lifted upright from the horizontal; the airbag of the upper end cover and the lower end cover is deflated, and water is injected from the water injection port In the water injection tank, the air in the water injection tank is exhausted by the exhaust Discharging, so that there is no air in the lower end cover without buoyancy, so that it sinks and leaves the provided opening, the air inlet is inflated by the air pipe, and the water in the cabin is discharged from the drain port, so that the lower end The inside of the cover has air to generate buoyancy and then floats to the surface, so that the staff can drag the lower end cover back by the tugboat.
其中，該上端蓋和該下端蓋位於所設之開口中時，分別被以拉力繩固定在該鋼管樁上而被拉著，使該上端蓋和該下端蓋在被該平台於海上拖行時，能穩固地固定於所設之開口中。Wherein, when the upper end cover and the lower end cover are located in the provided opening, they are respectively fastened by the tension rope on the steel pipe pile, so that the upper end cover and the lower end cover are towed by the platform when being towed by the platform It can be firmly fixed in the opening provided.
其中，該吊具有一動滑輪，且在該動滑輪的下方設有一鉤部，該吊索由該定滑輪垂下後，繞經該動滑輪後再繞回該定滑輪數次，以定位該吊具在前述吊索垂下的一端。Wherein, the crane has a movable pulley, and a hook portion is disposed below the movable pulley. After the sling is suspended from the fixed pulley, the movable pulley is wound and then retracted to the fixed pulley several times to locate the spreader in the foregoing The end of the sling hanging down.
其中，該二塔座之頂端跨接一基板，設二滑台可滑動地承載在該基板上，前述各滑台的滑動方向沿著該基板在該二塔座上跨接的方向，該基板上對應前述滑台滑移的路徑有一對相對在外的導軌和一對在內的夾座，該對導軌和該對夾座皆呈直線且在該基板上平行設置，各該滑台以底部可滑動地設在該對導軌；各該夾座有一液壓缸以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結，且各該液壓缸的另一端連結在該二滑台，各該滑台可由所連結之液壓缸逐步推動而在該基板上直線滑移；二滑板分別設在該二滑台上，該二定滑輪分別設在該二滑板上，各該滑板的一側連結一液壓缸，各該液壓缸分別可推動連結之滑板於所在之滑台上以垂直該滑台的滑動方向直線滑移，各該滑板有一第一穿孔供繞經所固定之定滑輪的吊索在垂下時穿過，該基板和該二滑台皆有一第二穿孔在各該滑板直線滑移時可分別和該二第一穿孔相通；各該定滑輪係以所在之滑台和滑板於垂直方向相對滑動，而可些微調整所設吊具對鋼管樁吊設的位置。Wherein the top of the two towers is connected to a substrate, and the two sliding stages are slidably carried on the substrate, and the sliding direction of each of the sliding stages is along a direction in which the substrate is bridged on the two towers, the substrate The path corresponding to the sliding of the sliding table has a pair of opposite outer rails and a pair of inner clamping seats, the pair of guiding rails and the pair of clamping seats are linear and arranged in parallel on the substrate, and each sliding table is at the bottom Slidingly disposed on the pair of guide rails; each of the clamps has a hydraulic cylinder that is movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly coupled, and the other end of each of the hydraulic cylinders is coupled to the two slides, and each of the slides can be connected to the hydraulic pressure The cylinder is gradually pushed and linearly slid on the substrate; the two sliding plates are respectively disposed on the two sliding tables, and the two fixed pulleys are respectively disposed on the two sliding plates, one side of each sliding plate is coupled with a hydraulic cylinder, and each of the hydraulic cylinders The sliding plates respectively can be pushed to slide linearly on the sliding table of the sliding table in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding table, and each of the sliding plates has a first perforation for passing through the sling of the fixed fixed pulley when it is hanging down, the substrate And the two sliding tables each have a second perforation in each Respectively, and the two first linearly sliding the slide plate perforated communication; each of the fixed pulley system located in the slide and the slide plate slidable relative to the vertical direction, but may be slightly adjusted spreader suspended from a steel pipe pile position established.
其中，所述夾座之斷面呈工形，各該液壓缸在和所述夾座連結的一端有一夾具可活動地組設在該夾座的頂部，該夾具中有複數夾缸，所述夾具得以其中之複數夾缸撐緊在該夾座而暫時固定，或鬆脫該夾座而可在該夾座上活動。Wherein, the cross section of the clamping seat is in the shape of a workpiece, and each of the hydraulic cylinders is movably assembled at a top of the clamping seat at an end connected to the clamping seat, and the clamping device has a plurality of clamping cylinders therein. The clamp can be temporarily fixed by holding the plurality of clamp cylinders in the clamp seat, or the clamp holder can be loosened to move on the clamp seat.
其中，該平台有一位在該二塔座之間呈凹入之缺口，該平台在該缺口周圍設有防止鋼管樁撞擊的護墊，該鋼管樁被該二塔座之吊具吊起至呈直立時移入該缺口中，且該平台在該所吊起之鋼管樁周圍設有複數支撐件，以在所述打擊鋼管樁之步驟中，對脫離該二塔座之吊具時的鋼管樁提供支撐而能暫時定位。Wherein, the platform has a recessed recess between the two towers, and the platform is provided with a pad around the notch to prevent the impact of the steel pipe pile, and the steel pipe pile is lifted by the spreader of the two towers to Moving into the gap when standing upright, and the platform is provided with a plurality of support members around the hoisted steel pipe pile, in the step of striking the steel pipe pile, providing the steel pipe pile when the spreader of the two towers is detached Support and temporary positioning.
其中，所述支撐件，有一液壓缸和一套管，該液壓缸有一伸縮之桿體，該套管具有一內孔，該桿體和該內孔對應呈方形，將該套管固定在該平台上，且其內孔對應該桿體的伸縮方向，而可藉由該套管在所設之桿體伸縮時提供支撐；各該液壓缸於桿體的末端有一樞設而略可傾擺之滾輪座，各該滾輪座的兩側有一對滾輪，以各該支撐件對鋼管樁暫時定位時，是以其桿體伸長且以該滾輪座兩側之滾輪支撐在該缺口中的鋼管樁。Wherein, the support member has a hydraulic cylinder and a sleeve, the hydraulic cylinder has a telescopic rod body, the sleeve has an inner hole, and the rod body and the inner hole have a square shape, and the sleeve is fixed at the sleeve On the platform, the inner hole corresponds to the direction of expansion and contraction of the rod body, and the sleeve can provide support when the rod body is expanded and contracted; each of the hydraulic cylinders is pivoted at the end of the rod body and is slightly tiltable a roller seat, each of which has a pair of rollers on both sides thereof, and when the support members temporarily position the steel pipe piles, the steel pipe piles are extended by the rod body and supported by the rollers on both sides of the roller seat .
本發明之上述及其他目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中，獲得深入了解。The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood from
當然，本發明在某些另件上，或另件之安排上容許有所不同，但所選用之實施例，則於本說明書中，予以詳細說明，並於附圖中展示其構造。Of course, the invention may be varied on certain components, or in the arrangement of the components, but the selected embodiments are described in detail in the specification and their construction is shown in the drawings.
請參閱第1圖至第18圖，圖中所示者為本發明所選用之實施例結構，此僅供說明之用，在專利申請上並不受此種結構之限制。Referring to Figures 1 through 18, the structure of the embodiment selected for use in the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and is not limited by such structure in the patent application.
本發明提供一種海上風力發電機鋼管樁打設方法。如第1圖所示，本發明之打設方法1，包括密封鋼管樁11、鋼管樁下水12、海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁13、平台固定14、吊起鋼管樁15、打擊鋼管樁16以及基座安裝17之步驟，所欲打設之鋼管樁2，如第2圖所示係中空且兩端透空而具有開口21，茲依各步驟說明如下：The invention provides a method for laying steel pipe piles for offshore wind power generators. As shown in FIG. 1 , the driving method 1 of the present invention comprises a sealed steel pipe pile 11 , a steel pipe pile launching 12 , a marine loading and transporting steel pipe pile 13 , a platform fixing 14 , a lifting steel pipe pile 15 , a striking steel pipe pile 16 , and In the step of installing the base 17, the steel pipe pile 2 to be laid is hollow as shown in Fig. 2 and has openings 21 at both ends. The steps are as follows:
密封鋼管樁11：Sealed steel pipe pile 11:
如第2圖所示，於本步驟中，鋼管樁2於各開口21處設一端蓋22、23，使鋼管樁2兩端的開口21密封，以形成一在鋼管樁2內部密閉之浮室24。As shown in Fig. 2, in this step, the steel pipe pile 2 is provided with end caps 22, 23 at the respective openings 21 to seal the openings 21 at both ends of the steel pipe pile 2 to form a floating chamber 24 which is sealed inside the steel pipe pile 2. .
如第2圖所示，本實施例之端蓋22有一可讓鋼管樁2之浮室24和外部相通之通孔221，且周圍設有氣囊222可被充氣(實施例中是由設在外部的氣嘴223充氣)，由充氣後的氣囊222撐緊所設之鋼管樁2的內壁以密封所設位置的開口21。如第2圖所示，本實施例之端蓋23，也有一可讓鋼管樁2之浮室24和外部相通之通孔231，且周圍也設有氣囊232可被充氣(實施例中也是由設在外部的氣嘴233充氣)，由充氣後的氣囊232撐緊所設之鋼管樁2的內壁以密封所設位置的開口21。As shown in Fig. 2, the end cap 22 of the present embodiment has a through hole 221 through which the floating chamber 24 of the steel pipe pile 2 and the outside are communicated, and the air bag 222 is provided around the air bag 222 to be inflated (in the embodiment, it is provided externally). The gas nozzle 223 is inflated, and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 2 provided is supported by the inflated air bag 222 to seal the opening 21 at the set position. As shown in Fig. 2, the end cover 23 of the present embodiment also has a through hole 231 through which the floating chamber 24 of the steel pipe pile 2 communicates with the outside, and the air bag 232 is also provided around the air bag 232 to be inflated (in the embodiment, The air nozzle 233 provided outside is inflated, and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 2 provided is supported by the inflated air bag 232 to seal the opening 21 at the set position.
鋼管樁Steel pipe pile 下水Launch 1212 ：:
於此步驟中，主要是將已密封之鋼管樁2由岸上推移至海面。如第3至4圖所示，鋼管樁2會設置在一車台3上，並將車台3設在複數軌道上，該複數軌道是從岸上伸往海上，以推移裝置推動車台3在該複數軌道上由岸上往海上滑移，直至鋼管樁2在海面上因具有浮室24而浮起。In this step, the sealed steel pipe pile 2 is mainly moved from the shore to the sea surface. As shown in Figures 3 to 4, the steel pipe pile 2 is placed on a vehicle platform 3, and the vehicle platform 3 is placed on a plurality of rails that extend from the shore to the sea, and push the device to push the platform 3 in the plurality of tracks. The upper side slides from the shore to the sea until the steel pipe pile 2 floats on the sea surface with the floating chamber 24.
如第3至4圖所示，本實施例之推移裝置為液壓缸31。如第4圖所示，該複數軌道中，有液壓缸31者為軌道32(即第一軌道)，無液壓缸31者為軌道33(即第二軌道)，液壓缸31以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結所在之軌道32，且液壓缸31的另一端連結在車台3，車台3可被液壓缸31逐步推動，而如第5圖所示在複數軌道上滑移。本實施例之複數軌道，如圖中所示有二軌道32，二液壓缸31以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結在二軌道32。As shown in Figs. 3 to 4, the pushing device of this embodiment is a hydraulic cylinder 31. As shown in Fig. 4, among the plurality of tracks, the hydraulic cylinder 31 is the track 32 (i.e., the first track), and the hydraulic cylinder 31 is the track 33 (i.e., the second track). The hydraulic cylinder 31 is movable at one end. The rail 32 on which the vehicle is located can be temporarily fixedly coupled, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is coupled to the platform 3, and the platform 3 can be gradually pushed by the hydraulic cylinder 31 to slide on the plurality of rails as shown in FIG. The plurality of rails of the present embodiment have two rails 32 as shown in the drawing, and the two hydraulic cylinders 31 are movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly coupled to the two rails 32.
如第3至4圖所示，本實施例之軌道32，可被區分為位在岸上的水平段321、由岸上伸往海面的傾斜段322以及擺動段323，擺動段323位在水平段321和傾斜段322之間，是以一支撐座324樞設且可被一致動器325驅動而從水平擺動至傾斜，在擺動段323如第3圖所示呈水平時，是和水平段321的延伸方向對齊，且擺動段323可擺動至傾斜而如第6圖所示和傾斜段322的延伸方向對齊；本實施例之軌道33，也可被區分為位在岸上的水平段331、由岸上伸往海面的傾斜段以及擺動段333，擺動段333位在水平段331和傾斜段332之間，是以一支撐座334樞設且可被一致動器335驅動而從水平擺動至傾斜，在擺動段333如第3圖所示呈水平時，是和水平段331的延伸方向對齊，且擺動段333可擺動至傾斜而如第6圖所示和傾斜段333的延伸方向對齊。As shown in Figures 3 to 4, the track 32 of the present embodiment can be divided into a horizontal section 321 located on the shore, a sloped section 322 extending from the shore to the sea surface, and a swing section 323, and the swing section 323 is located in the horizontal section 321 Between the inclined section 322 and the inclined section 322, it is pivoted by a supporting seat 324 and can be driven by the actuator 325 to swing from the horizontal to the inclined. When the swinging section 323 is horizontal as shown in FIG. 3, it is the horizontal section 321 The extending direction is aligned, and the swinging section 323 can be swung to the inclination to be aligned with the extending direction of the inclined section 322 as shown in FIG. 6; the rail 33 of the embodiment can also be divided into the horizontal section 331 located on the shore, by the shore. The inclined section extending to the sea surface and the swinging section 333, which is located between the horizontal section 331 and the inclined section 332, is pivoted by a supporting seat 334 and can be driven by the actuator 335 to swing from the horizontal to the inclined. When the swinging section 333 is horizontal as shown in FIG. 3, it is aligned with the extending direction of the horizontal section 331, and the swinging section 333 can be swung to be inclined to be aligned with the extending direction of the inclined section 333 as shown in FIG.
如第3至6圖所示之軌道32，斷面如第7圖所示呈工形，各液壓缸31的兩端各有一夾具311，各夾具311皆和液壓缸31所在之軌道32連結，且可活動地組設在軌道32的頂部。如第7圖所示，各夾具311中有複數夾缸312，所述夾具311得以其中之複數夾缸313撐緊在軌道32而暫時固定，或鬆脫而可在軌道32上活動。各液壓缸31之二夾具311，以一者為暫時固定時另一者為鬆脫而可活動的方式，於所在之液壓缸推動車台3時，交替地固定於軌道32上，意即遠離車台3之夾具311固定於軌道32且靠近車台3之夾具311鬆脫時，可讓液壓缸311對車台3推移，而當遠離車台3之夾具311鬆脫且靠近車台3之夾具311固定於軌道32時，可調整液壓缸311在軌道32上的推移位置，藉此逐步地將車台3推動。The rails 32 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 have a cross-section as shown in FIG. 7. Each of the hydraulic cylinders 31 has a clamp 311 at each end thereof, and each of the clamps 311 is coupled to the rail 32 where the hydraulic cylinder 31 is located. And movably grouped on top of the track 32. As shown in Fig. 7, each of the clamps 311 has a plurality of clamp cylinders 312 which are temporarily fixed by being held by the plurality of clamp cylinders 313 on the rails 32, or are loosened to be movable on the rails 32. The two clamps 311 of each of the hydraulic cylinders 31 are alternately fixed to the rail 32 when the hydraulic cylinder pushes the platform 3 when one of them is temporarily fixed and is movable, that is, away from the vehicle platform. When the clamp 311 of the 3 is fixed to the rail 32 and the clamp 311 near the platform 3 is loosened, the hydraulic cylinder 311 can be moved to the platform 3, and when the clamp 311 away from the platform 3 is released and the clamp 311 near the platform 3 is fixed to the rail 32. At this time, the shifting position of the hydraulic cylinder 311 on the rail 32 can be adjusted, thereby gradually pushing the platform 3.
因此，於此步驟中較佳的是，當鋼管樁2被設置在車台3上時，讓複數軌道32之水平段321和擺動段323被致動器325驅動而呈水平對齊，且複數軌道33之水平段331和擺動段333被致動器335驅動而呈水平對齊(如第3圖所示)，讓車台3被液壓缸31推動而由複數軌道32、33之水平段321、331移往擺動段323、333，當車台3完全離開水平段321、331後，再傾斜擺動段323、333至和傾斜段322、332的延伸方向對齊，且持續讓車台3被液壓缸31逐步推動至傾斜段322、332，直至車台3沉入海中，讓在車台3上的鋼管樁2在海面上浮起(如第6圖所示)。Therefore, it is preferable in this step that when the steel pipe pile 2 is placed on the platform 3, the horizontal section 321 and the swing section 323 of the plurality of rails 32 are driven by the actuator 325 to be horizontally aligned, and the plurality of tracks 33 The horizontal section 331 and the oscillating section 333 are driven by the actuator 335 to be horizontally aligned (as shown in Fig. 3), and the carriage 3 is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder 31 to be moved by the horizontal sections 321, 331 of the plurality of rails 32, 33. The swinging sections 323, 333, after the platform 3 completely leaves the horizontal sections 321, 331, the tilting swinging sections 323, 333 are aligned with the extending directions of the inclined sections 322, 332, and continue to push the platform 3 by the hydraulic cylinder 31 to the tilting step by step. The segments 322, 332, until the platform 3 sinks into the sea, let the steel pipe pile 2 on the platform 3 float on the sea surface (as shown in Fig. 6).
海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁13：Mounting and transporting steel pipe piles at sea 13:
有一可在海上航行的拖船(圖中未示)設在海面上。如第8圖所示，前述浮起在海面上之鋼管樁2，係一端以繩索25連結在該拖船，且被拖行在該拖船的後方，而隨該拖船航行至安裝之定點。There is a tugboat (not shown) that can sail on the sea. As shown in Fig. 8, the above-mentioned steel pipe pile 2 which is floated on the sea surface is connected to the tug by a rope 25 at one end, and is towed behind the tugboat, and sails to the installation point with the tugboat.
如第2和8圖所示，於本實施例中，端蓋22位於所設之開口21中時，被以拉力繩224固定在鋼管樁2上被拉著，使端蓋22在鋼管樁2於海上被拖行時，能穩固地固定於所設之開口21中。端蓋23位於所設之開口21中時，同樣被以拉力繩234固定在鋼管樁2上而被拉著，使端蓋23在鋼管樁2於海上被拖行時，同樣能穩固地固定於所設之開口21中。As shown in Figures 2 and 8, in the present embodiment, when the end cap 22 is located in the opening 21 provided, it is fixed by the tension cord 224 on the steel pipe pile 2, so that the end cap 22 is in the steel pipe pile 2 When being towed at sea, it can be firmly fixed in the opening 21 provided. When the end cap 23 is located in the opening 21 provided, it is also clamped to the steel pipe pile 2 by the tension cord 234 and pulled, so that the end cap 23 can also be firmly fixed to the steel pipe pile 2 when it is towed at sea. The opening 21 is provided.
如第8圖所示，本實施例之鋼管樁2被拖船拖行在後時，在鋼管樁2遠離拖船的一端設有一重力件26(於本實施例中呈球狀)，此重力件26可注水而產生重量，讓鋼管樁2在被拖行時，以重力件26對鋼管樁2遠離拖船的一端提供一往下沉的力量，使鋼管樁2在被拖行時能較為筆直而不會在海面上任意搖擺。As shown in Fig. 8, when the steel pipe pile 2 of the present embodiment is towed by the tugboat, a gravity member 26 (ball in the present embodiment) is provided at one end of the steel pipe pile 2 away from the tug, and the gravity member 26 is Water can be injected to generate weight, so that when the steel pipe pile 2 is towed, the gravity pipe 26 provides a sinking force to the end of the steel pipe pile 2 away from the tug, so that the steel pipe pile 2 can be relatively straight when being towed without Will swing freely on the sea.
平台固定14：Platform fixed 14:
於此步驟中，一如第9圖所示之平台4，航行至前述安裝之定點，有至少三支柱41往海底伸設至固定於海床。於本實施例中，在鋼管樁未被拖船拖行至安裝之定點時，平台4已先航行至安裝之定點，並以三支柱41往海底伸設至固定於海床，並撐起平台4升至海面上方。In this step, as the platform 4 shown in Fig. 9 sails to the fixed point of the installation, at least three pillars 41 are extended to the sea floor to be fixed to the seabed. In this embodiment, when the steel pipe pile is not towed by the tugboat to the fixed point of installation, the platform 4 has first sailed to the fixed point of installation, and is extended to the seabed by the three pillars 41 to the seabed, and supports the platform 4 Rise above the sea.
如第9至10圖所示，於此所述之平台4，有一第一塔座5和一第二塔座6，此第一塔座5和第二塔座6位在平台4的同一邊(如第9圖中皆位在圖的下方)且位置對稱(左右對稱)，第一塔座5的頂端有一定滑輪51，定滑輪51有一吊索52以一端可被捲動地連結於一捲揚機53，且繞經定滑輪51後朝平台4垂下，吊索52在前述垂下的一端有一吊具54。第二塔座6的頂端有一定滑輪61，定滑輪61有一吊索62以一端可被捲動地連結於一捲揚機63，且繞經定滑輪61後朝平台4垂下，吊索62在前述垂下的一端有一吊具64。前述定滑輪51和定滑輪61，可側向位移而相對靠近或遠離。As shown in Figures 9 to 10, the platform 4 described herein has a first tower 5 and a second tower 6, the first tower 5 and the second tower 6 being on the same side of the platform 4. (As shown in Fig. 9 is located at the bottom of the figure) and the position is symmetrical (left-right symmetrical), the top of the first tower 5 has a certain pulley 51, and the fixed pulley 51 has a sling 52 connected to one end at one end. The hoisting machine 53 is suspended from the fixed pulley 51 and then descends toward the platform 4, and the sling 52 has a spreader 54 at the hanging end. The top of the second tower 6 has a certain pulley 61. The fixed pulley 61 has a sling 62 connected to a hoist 63 at one end and rolled down toward the platform 4 after passing through the fixed pulley 61. The sling 62 is suspended from the foregoing. One end has a spreader 64. The fixed pulley 51 and the fixed pulley 61 can be laterally displaced to be relatively close to or away from each other.
如第10圖所示，本實施例之吊具54有一動滑輪541，且在動滑輪541的下方設有一鉤部542，吊索52由定滑輪51垂下後，繞經動滑輪541後再繞回定滑輪51數次，以定位吊具54在吊索52垂下的一端。本實施例之吊具64有一動滑輪641，且在動滑輪641的下方設有一鉤部642，吊索62由定滑輪61垂下後，繞經動滑輪641後再繞回定滑輪61數次，以定位吊具64在吊索62垂下的一端。As shown in FIG. 10, the spreader 54 of the present embodiment has a movable pulley 541, and a hook portion 542 is disposed below the movable pulley 541. After the sling 52 is suspended by the fixed pulley 51, the sling 52 is wound around the movable pulley 541 and then retracted to the fixed pulley. 51 times, to locate the end of the spreader 54 hanging down the sling 52. The spreader 64 of the embodiment has a movable pulley 641, and a hook portion 642 is disposed below the movable pulley 641. After the sling 62 is suspended by the fixed pulley 61, the pulley 641 is wound around the movable pulley 641 and then retracted to the fixed pulley 61 several times to locate the crane. There is an end of 64 that hangs down the sling 62.
吊起鋼管樁15：Lift the steel pipe pile 15:
於此步驟中，第一塔座5和第二塔座6以其吊具54、64連結在海面上浮著的鋼管樁2的一端，並由捲揚機53、63捲動吊索52、62而將鋼管樁2由水平逐漸吊起至直立，且直立時之鋼管樁2並排在二塔座5、6之間。In this step, the first tower 5 and the second tower 6 are connected by their spreaders 54, 64 to one end of the steel pipe pile 2 floating on the sea surface, and the hoisting machines 52, 62 are rolled by the hoisting machines 53, 63. The steel pipe pile 2 is gradually hoisted from the horizontal to the upright, and the steel pipe pile 2 is erected side by side between the two towers 5, 6.
如第10和11圖所示，鋼管樁2被第一塔座5和第二塔座6後吊具54、64吊起時，端蓋22相對在上而為上端蓋，端蓋23則相對在下而為下端蓋。如第2和11圖所示，本實施例之端蓋22、23皆為中空而具有一注水艙225、235和一空氣艙226、236，注水艙225有注水口225a、排氣口225b、充氣口225c和排水口225d，注水艙235有注水口235a、排氣口235b、充氣口235c和排水口235d，且有一氣管42由平台4伸設至相對在下之端蓋23而連接在充氣口225c而可充氣至注水艙235中。As shown in Figures 10 and 11, when the steel pipe pile 2 is lifted by the first tower 5 and the second tower 6 rear spreaders 54, 64, the end cap 22 is opposed to the upper end and the end cap 23 is opposite. In the lower part, it is the lower end cover. As shown in Figures 2 and 11, the end caps 22, 23 of the present embodiment are all hollow and have a water injection compartment 225, 235 and an air compartment 226, 236. The water injection compartment 225 has a water injection port 225a, an exhaust port 225b, The inflation port 225c and the drain port 225d, the water injection tank 235 has a water injection port 235a, an exhaust port 235b, an inflation port 235c and a drain port 235d, and an air pipe 42 is extended from the platform 4 to the lower end cover 23 and connected to the air inlet port. The 225c can be inflated into the water injection tank 235.
此步驟實施時，如第11圖所示，是將端蓋22和端蓋23的通孔221、231開啟，讓水從端蓋23的通孔231進入鋼管樁2內，且鋼管樁2內的空氣從端蓋22所設通孔221排出，讓鋼管樁2設端蓋23的一端因浮室24進水而往海中沉入，讓鋼管樁2被從水平而吊起呈直立。本實施例在鋼管樁2內進水時，將端蓋22和端蓋23的氣囊222、232洩氣，且由注水口235a將水注入注水艙235中，而注水艙235內的空氣由排氣口235b排出，使端蓋23內沒有空氣而無浮力，使其下沉而離開所設之開口21，接著再由氣管42對注水艙235充氣，而使注水艙235內的水排出，使端蓋23內有空氣而產生浮力後浮上水面，俾供工作人員可以拖船將端蓋23拖回。When this step is carried out, as shown in FIG. 11, the through holes 221, 231 of the end cover 22 and the end cover 23 are opened, and water is allowed to enter the steel pipe pile 2 from the through hole 231 of the end cover 23, and the steel pipe pile 2 is inside. The air is discharged from the through hole 221 provided in the end cover 22, so that the end of the end pipe cover 23 of the steel pipe pile 2 is sunk into the sea due to the water entering the floating chamber 24, so that the steel pipe pile 2 is lifted upright from the horizontal. In the present embodiment, when the water is poured into the steel pipe pile 2, the air bubbles 222, 232 of the end cover 22 and the end cover 23 are deflated, and water is injected into the water injection tank 235 by the water injection port 235a, and the air in the water injection tank 235 is exhausted. The port 235b is discharged so that there is no air in the end cap 23 without buoyancy, so that it sinks away from the provided opening 21, and then the water injection chamber 235 is inflated by the air tube 42 to discharge the water in the water injection chamber 235. The cover 23 has air to generate buoyancy and then floats to the surface, so that the worker can drag the end cover 23 back by the tug.
打擊鋼管樁16：Strike steel pipe pile 16:
如第12和13圖所示，將前述呈直立的鋼管樁2設置在欲安裝之定點，並脫離和二塔座5、6之吊具54、64且被暫時定位，由第一塔座5以其定滑輪51側向位移且吊起一被設置在旁之打樁器43，並將打樁器43移至鋼管樁2的正上方，由打樁器43以內部之一擊錘431往下掉落而擊向鋼管樁2，或受動力驅動而將擊錘431往上升回，以逐漸將鋼管樁2擊入海床至預定深度後，再將打樁器43從鋼管樁2上移開。As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the aforementioned upright steel pipe pile 2 is placed at a fixed point to be installed, and is detached from the spreaders 54, 64 of the two towers 5, 6 and temporarily positioned by the first tower 5 The pile pulley 43 is laterally displaced by the fixed pulley 51, and the pile driver 43 is lifted to the side of the steel pipe pile 2, and the pile driver 43 is lowered downward by one of the hammers 431. When the steel pipe pile 2 is struck or driven by the power to raise the hammer 431 back to gradually push the steel pipe pile 2 into the seabed to a predetermined depth, the pile driver 43 is removed from the steel pipe pile 2.
如第10、12和13圖所示，平台4有一位在二塔座5、6之間呈凹入之缺口44，平台4在缺口44周圍設有防止鋼管樁2撞擊的護墊441，鋼管樁2被二塔座5、6之吊具54、64吊起至呈直立時移入缺口44中，且平台4在鋼管樁2周圍設有複數支撐件，以在此步驟中，對脫離二塔座5、6之吊具54、64時的鋼管樁2提供支撐而能暫時定位。本實施例之支撐件共有兩組，每一組共有4支撐件，其中一組是設在平台4而圍在缺口44周圍，另一組則是架在二塔座5、6而位在打設之鋼管樁2旁。As shown in Figures 10, 12 and 13, the platform 4 has a recess 44 which is recessed between the two towers 5, 6. The platform 4 is provided with a pad 441 around the notch 44 for preventing the impact of the steel pipe pile 2, the steel pipe The pile 2 is hoisted by the spreaders 54, 64 of the two towers 5, 6 into the gap 44 when standing upright, and the platform 4 is provided with a plurality of support members around the steel pipe pile 2, in this step, the two towers are separated The steel pipe pile 2 at the time of the spreaders 54, 64 of the seats 5 and 6 provides support for temporary positioning. There are two sets of support members in this embodiment, and each group has a total of 4 support members, one of which is disposed on the platform 4 and surrounds the notch 44, and the other group is placed on the second tower 5, 6 and is in the position Set the steel pipe pile 2 next to it.
如第13和14圖所示，所述支撐件，各有一液壓缸45和一套管46，液壓缸45有一伸縮之桿體451，套管46具有一內孔461，桿體451和內孔461對應呈方形而不相對偏轉，將套管46固定在平台4上，且其內孔461對應桿體451的伸縮方向，而可藉由套管46在所設之桿體451伸縮時提供支撐。各液壓缸45於桿體451的末端有一滾輪座452，各滾輪座452的兩側設有一對滾輪453，滾輪座452是和桿體451樞設，而如第15圖所示可傾擺，以各支撐件對鋼管樁2暫時定位時，是以其桿體451伸長且以滾輪座452兩側之滾輪453支撐在缺口44中的鋼管樁2。As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the support members each have a hydraulic cylinder 45 and a sleeve 46. The hydraulic cylinder 45 has a telescopic rod 451 having an inner bore 461, a rod body 451 and an inner bore. The 461 is square and does not deflect relative to each other, and the sleeve 46 is fixed on the platform 4, and the inner hole 461 corresponds to the telescopic direction of the rod 451, and the sleeve 46 can be supported by the sleeve 46 when the rod 451 is extended and contracted. . Each hydraulic cylinder 45 has a roller seat 452 at the end of the rod body 451. A pair of rollers 453 are disposed on both sides of each roller seat 452. The roller seat 452 is pivoted with the rod body 451, and can be tilted as shown in FIG. When the steel pipe pile 2 is temporarily positioned by the respective support members, the steel pipe pile 2 which is elongated by the rod body 451 and supported by the rollers 453 on both sides of the roller seat 452 in the notch 44 is used.
如第9、10圖所示，二塔座5、6之頂端跨接一基板7，設二滑台57、67可滑動地承載在基板7上，滑台57、67的滑動方向是沿著基板7在二塔座5、6上跨接的方向。如第16圖所示，基板7上對應二滑台57、67滑移的路徑有一對在外的導軌47，且有一對在內的夾座48，該對導軌47和夾座48皆呈直線且在基板4上平行設置，滑台57、67以底部可滑動地設在該對導軌47。各夾座48有一液壓缸49以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結在夾座48，且各液壓缸49的另一端連結在滑台57、67，滑台57、67可由所連結之複數液壓缸49逐步推動而在基板7上直線滑移。As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the tops of the two towers 5, 6 are connected across a substrate 7, and the two slides 57, 67 are slidably carried on the substrate 7, and the sliding directions of the slides 57, 67 are along The substrate 7 is in the direction of bridging on the two towers 5, 6. As shown in Fig. 16, the path of the substrate 7 corresponding to the sliding of the two slides 57, 67 has a pair of outer guide rails 47, and a pair of inner clamps 48, the pair of guide rails 47 and the clamps 48 are straight and Arranged in parallel on the substrate 4, the slide tables 57, 67 are slidably disposed at the bottom of the pair of guide rails 47. Each of the clamping seats 48 has a hydraulic cylinder 49 that is movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly coupled to the clamping seat 48, and the other end of each hydraulic cylinder 49 is coupled to the sliding tables 57, 67, and the sliding tables 57, 67 can be connected by a plurality of hydraulic pressures. The cylinder 49 is gradually pushed to slide linearly on the substrate 7.
如第9和12圖所示，滑板55設在滑台57上，定滑輪51設在滑板55上，滑板55的一側連結一液壓缸56，液壓缸56可推動所連結之滑板55以垂直滑台57的滑動方向直線滑移。如第16和17圖所示，滑板55有一第一穿孔551供繞經所固定之定滑輪51的吊索52在垂下時穿過，基板7和滑台57有第二穿孔71、571在滑板55直線滑移時可和第一穿孔551相通；滑板65設在滑台67上，另一定滑輪61設在滑板65上，滑板65的一側連結一液壓缸66，液壓缸66可推動所連結之滑板65以垂直滑台67的滑動方向直線滑移，滑板65有一第一穿孔651供繞經所固定之定滑輪61的吊索62在垂下時穿過，基板7和滑台67有第二穿孔71、671在滑板65直線滑移時可和第一穿孔651相通。藉此，前述定滑輪51和定滑輪61，係以滑台57、67和二於垂直方向相對滑動，而可些微調整所設吊具54、64對鋼管樁2吊設的位置As shown in Figures 9 and 12, the slide plate 55 is disposed on the slide table 57. The fixed pulley 51 is disposed on the slide plate 55. One side of the slide plate 55 is coupled to a hydraulic cylinder 56, and the hydraulic cylinder 56 can push the attached slide plate 55 to be vertical. The sliding direction of the slide table 57 linearly slides. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the slider 55 has a first through hole 551 for passing through the sling 52 of the fixed pulley 51 which is fixed while it is hanging down, and the substrate 7 and the slide table 57 have the second through hole 71, 571 on the slider. When the line is linearly slipped, it can communicate with the first through hole 551; the slide plate 65 is disposed on the slide table 67, and the other fixed pulley 61 is disposed on the slide plate 65. One side of the slide plate 65 is coupled to a hydraulic cylinder 66, and the hydraulic cylinder 66 can be pushed and connected. The slide plate 65 linearly slides in the sliding direction of the vertical slide table 67. The slide plate 65 has a first through hole 651 for passing through the sling 62 passing through the fixed fixed pulley 61, and the substrate 7 and the slide table 67 have the second. The perforations 71, 671 can communicate with the first perforations 651 when the sled 65 is linearly slid. Thereby, the fixed pulley 51 and the fixed pulley 61 are relatively slid in the vertical direction by the slide tables 57, 67 and two, and the position where the set spreaders 54, 64 are hoisted to the steel pipe pile 2 can be slightly adjusted.
回到第6圖所示，夾座48之斷面呈工形，液壓缸49在和夾座48連結的一端有一夾具491可活動地組設在夾座48的頂部，夾具491中有複數夾缸492，夾具491得以其中之複數夾缸492撐緊在夾座48而暫時固定，或鬆脫夾座48而可在夾座48上活動，暫時固定時可由液壓缸49推動滑台57、67，鬆脫時則可調整液壓缸49在夾座48上的推移位置。Returning to Fig. 6, the cross section of the holder 48 is in the shape of a workpiece. The hydraulic cylinder 49 has a clamp 491 at the end coupled to the holder 48. The clamp 491 is movably assembled on the top of the holder 48. The clamp 491 has a plurality of clips. The cylinder 492, the clamp 491 is temporarily fixed by the plurality of clamping cylinders 492 being fastened to the clamping seat 48, or the clamping seat 48 is released to be movable on the clamping seat 48. When temporarily fixed, the sliding table 57, 67 can be pushed by the hydraulic cylinder 49. When it is released, the position of the hydraulic cylinder 49 on the clamp 48 can be adjusted.
基座安裝17：Pedestal installation 17:
在打樁器43被移開後，定滑輪61側向位移而吊起一被設置在旁之基座8，並如第18圖所示，將基座8移至鋼管樁2頂端後固定，俾供前述海上風力發電機(圖中未示)可在鋼管樁2上方安裝在基座8。After the pile driver 43 is removed, the fixed pulley 61 is laterally displaced to lift a base 8 disposed beside, and as shown in Fig. 18, the base 8 is moved to the top of the steel pipe pile 2 and fixed. The offshore wind turbine (not shown) can be mounted on the base 8 above the steel pipe pile 2.
由上述之說明不難發現本發明之優點在於，鋼管樁2在從岸上被推移至海面，且鋼管樁2兩端設端蓋22、23而具浮室24，讓鋼管樁2可在海面上浮起，再由平台4以繩索連結而以拖行的方式移至安裝的定點，於定點後讓鋼管樁2的浮室24進水而便於吊起至直立，接著進行鋼管樁2的打設和基座8的安裝，前述鋼管樁2吊起至直立的位置是在二塔座5、6之間，相對於習知設置起重機之工作船而言，讓二塔座5、6能以較為簡化的結構達到良好的吊掛力，以降低風力發電機離岸安裝所需之費用，且能提供安裝的效率和便利性。From the above description, it is not difficult to find that the advantage of the present invention is that the steel pipe pile 2 is pushed from the shore to the sea surface, and the end of the steel pipe pile 2 is provided with end covers 22, 23 and has a floating chamber 24, so that the steel pipe pile 2 can float on the sea surface. Then, the platform 4 is connected by a rope to the fixed point of the installation in a towed manner, and after the fixed point, the floating chamber 24 of the steel pipe pile 2 is filled with water to facilitate lifting to an upright position, and then the steel pipe pile 2 is laid and For the installation of the base 8, the steel pipe pile 2 is hoisted upright to the position between the two towers 5 and 6. Compared with the conventional working ship, the two towers 5 and 6 can be simplified. The structure achieves good sling power to reduce the cost of offshore installation of the wind turbine and provides installation efficiency and convenience.
以上所述實施例之揭示係用以說明本發明，並非用以限制本發明，故舉凡數值之變更或等效元件之置換仍應隸屬本發明之範疇。The above description of the embodiments is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
由以上詳細說明，可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本發明的確可達成前述目的，實已符合專利法之規定，爰提出專利申請。From the above detailed description, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can achieve the foregoing objects and is in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law.
1‧‧‧打設方法 1‧‧‧How to set up
11‧‧‧密封鋼管樁 11‧‧‧Seal steel pipe pile
12‧‧‧鋼管樁下水 12‧‧ ‧ steel pipe pile launching
13‧‧‧海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁 13‧‧‧ Mounting and transporting steel pipe piles at sea
14‧‧‧平台固定 14‧‧‧ platform fixed
15‧‧‧吊起鋼管樁 15‧‧‧ Lifting steel pipe piles
16‧‧‧打擊鋼管樁 16‧‧‧Beat steel pipe pile
17‧‧‧基座安裝 17‧‧‧Pedestal installation
2‧‧‧鋼管樁 2‧‧ ‧ steel pipe pile
21‧‧‧開口 21‧‧‧ openings
22‧‧‧端蓋 22‧‧‧End cover
221‧‧‧通孔 221‧‧‧through hole
222‧‧‧氣囊 222‧‧‧Airbag
223‧‧‧氣嘴 223‧‧‧ gas nozzle
224‧‧‧拉力繩 224‧‧‧ Pull rope
225‧‧‧注水艙 225‧‧‧ water injection tank
225a‧‧‧注水口 225a‧‧‧Water inlet
225b‧‧‧排氣口 225b‧‧‧Exhaust port
225c‧‧‧充氣口 225c‧‧ ‧ inflatable mouth
225d‧‧‧排水口 225d‧‧‧Drainage
226‧‧‧空氣艙 226‧‧ Air cabin
23‧‧‧端蓋 23‧‧‧End cover
231‧‧‧通孔 231‧‧‧through hole
232‧‧‧氣囊 232‧‧‧Airbag
233‧‧‧氣嘴 233‧‧‧ gas nozzle
234‧‧‧拉力繩 234‧‧‧ Pull rope
235‧‧‧注水艙 235‧‧‧ water injection tank
235a‧‧‧注水口 235a‧‧‧Water inlet
235b‧‧‧排氣口 235b‧‧‧Exhaust port
235c‧‧‧充氣口 235c‧‧ ‧ inflatable mouth
235d‧‧‧排水口 235d‧‧‧Drainage
236‧‧‧空氣艙 236‧‧ Air cabin
24‧‧‧浮室 24‧‧‧ floating room
25‧‧‧繩索 25‧‧‧ rope
26‧‧‧重力件 26‧‧‧Gravity parts
3‧‧‧車台 3‧‧‧Carriage
31‧‧‧液壓缸 31‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
311‧‧‧夾具 311‧‧‧ fixture
312‧‧‧夾缸 312‧‧‧Clamping cylinder
32‧‧‧軌道 32‧‧‧ Track
321‧‧‧水平段 321‧‧‧ horizontal section
322‧‧‧傾斜段 322‧‧‧Sloping section
323‧‧‧擺動段 323‧‧‧Swing section
324‧‧‧支撐座 324‧‧‧ support
325‧‧‧致動器 325‧‧‧Actuator
33‧‧‧軌道 33‧‧‧ Track
331‧‧‧水平段 331‧‧‧ horizontal section
332‧‧‧傾斜段 332‧‧‧Sloping section
333‧‧‧擺動段 333‧‧‧Swing section
334‧‧‧支撐座 334‧‧‧ support
335‧‧‧致動器 335‧‧‧Actuator
4‧‧‧平台 4‧‧‧ platform
41‧‧‧支柱 41‧‧‧ pillar
42‧‧‧氣管 42‧‧‧ trachea
43‧‧‧打樁器 43‧‧‧Plender
431‧‧‧擊錘 431‧‧‧ hammer
44‧‧‧缺口 44‧‧‧ gap
441‧‧‧護墊 441‧‧‧ pads
45‧‧‧油壓缸 45‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
451‧‧‧桿體 451‧‧‧ rod body
452‧‧‧滾輪座 452‧‧‧ Roller seat
453‧‧‧滾輪 453‧‧‧Roller
46‧‧‧套管 46‧‧‧ casing
461‧‧‧內孔 461‧‧‧ 内孔
47‧‧‧導軌 47‧‧‧rail
48‧‧‧夾座 48‧‧‧Clip seat
49‧‧‧液壓缸 49‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
491‧‧‧夾具 491‧‧‧ fixture
492‧‧‧夾缸 492‧‧‧Clamp cylinder
5‧‧‧第一塔座 5‧‧‧The first tower
51‧‧‧定滑輪 51‧‧‧ fixed pulley
52‧‧‧吊索 52‧‧‧ slings
53‧‧‧捲揚機 53‧‧‧Winding machine
54‧‧‧吊具 54‧‧‧ Spreader
541‧‧‧動滑輪 541‧‧‧ movable pulley
542‧‧‧鉤部 542‧‧‧ hook
55‧‧‧滑板 55‧‧‧ Skateboarding
551‧‧‧第一穿孔 551‧‧‧First perforation
56‧‧‧液壓缸 56‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
57‧‧‧滑台 57‧‧‧ slide table
571‧‧‧第二穿孔 571‧‧‧Second perforation
6‧‧‧第二塔座 6‧‧‧Second Tower
61‧‧‧定滑輪 61‧‧‧ fixed pulley
62‧‧‧吊索 62‧‧‧ slings
63‧‧‧捲揚機 63‧‧‧Winding machine
64‧‧‧吊具 64‧‧‧ Spreader
641‧‧‧動滑輪 641‧‧‧ movable pulley
642‧‧‧鉤部 642‧‧‧ hook
65‧‧‧滑板 65‧‧‧ Skateboarding
651‧‧‧第一穿孔 651‧‧‧First perforation
66‧‧‧液壓缸 66‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
67‧‧‧滑台 67‧‧‧ slide table
671‧‧‧第二穿孔 671‧‧‧Second perforation
7‧‧‧基板 7‧‧‧Substrate
71‧‧‧第二穿孔 71‧‧‧Second perforation
8‧‧‧基座 8‧‧‧Base
第1圖係本發明之實施例之打設方法的流程圖。 第2圖係本發明之實施例所用之鋼管樁在兩端設有端蓋以密封開口之剖視構造圖。 第3圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁置於車台而在軌道上之示意圖，所示之軌道的水平段和擺動段為齊平。 第4圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁置於車台而在軌道上之另一視角的示意圖。 第5圖係第4圖之鋼管樁置於車台上且被推動之示意圖。 第6圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁置於車台而在軌道上之示意圖，所示之軌道的傾斜段和擺動段為齊平。 第7圖係本發明之實施例之車台和滑台於液壓缸所設之夾具於所設夾座頂部的構造示意圖。 第8圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁被拖船拖行時之狀態示意圖。 第9圖係本發明之實施例之平台的俯視構造示意圖。 第10圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁被吊起至直起時之狀態示意圖，其中二端蓋已取離鋼管樁。 第11圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁在吊起至直立前於海面傾斜時之狀態示意圖，相對在下之端蓋有水進入鋼管樁和艙室中，而相對在上之端蓋則讓鋼管樁內的空氣排出。 第12圖係本發明之實施例之二塔座頂部之定滑輪可相對位移之構造示意圖。 第13圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁被擊錘敲打之動作示意圖。 第14圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁被支撐件在敲打時撐住而暫時定位之示意圖。 第15圖係本發明之實施例之滾輪座在桿體末端之傾擺示意圖。 第16圖係本發明之實施例之滑台被基板上所設之液壓缸推動而位移之動作示意圖。 第17圖本發明之實施例之二塔座於頂部構造之放大示意圖。 第18圖係本發明之實施例之鋼管樁打設完成後，第二塔座將基座移至鋼管樁頂端定位之動作示意圖。Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of setting an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a steel pipe pile used in an embodiment of the present invention in which end caps are provided at both ends to seal the opening. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the steel pipe pile of the embodiment of the present invention placed on the platform and on the track, and the horizontal section and the swinging section of the track are flush. Figure 4 is a schematic view of another perspective view of the steel pipe pile of the embodiment of the present invention placed on the platform and on the track. Figure 5 is a schematic view of the steel pipe pile of Figure 4 placed on the platform and pushed. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the steel pipe pile of the embodiment of the present invention placed on the platform and on the rail, and the inclined section and the swinging section of the rail are flush. Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fixture and the slide table of the embodiment of the present invention on the top of the clamp provided on the hydraulic cylinder. Fig. 8 is a view showing the state of the steel pipe pile of the embodiment of the present invention when it is towed by a tugboat. Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the platform of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the state in which the steel pipe pile of the embodiment of the present invention is lifted up to the straight state, wherein the two end caps have been taken away from the steel pipe pile. Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the state of the steel pipe pile according to the embodiment of the present invention when it is inclined to the sea surface before being erected, with the water flowing into the steel pipe pile and the compartment in the lower end cover, and the steel pipe in the upper end cover. The air inside the pile is discharged. Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the relative displacement of the fixed pulleys at the top of the two towers of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the action of the steel pipe pile hitting the hammer by the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the steel pipe pile supported by the support member of the embodiment of the present invention being temporarily positioned while being struck. Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the tilting of the roller holder at the end of the rod body of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a view showing the action of the sliding table of the embodiment of the present invention being displaced by the hydraulic cylinder provided on the substrate. Figure 17 is an enlarged schematic view of the top structure of the second tower of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the action of moving the base of the second tower to the top of the steel pipe pile after the completion of the installation of the steel pipe pile according to the embodiment of the present invention.
1‧‧‧打設方法 1‧‧‧How to set up
11‧‧‧密封鋼管樁 11‧‧‧Seal steel pipe pile
12‧‧‧鋼管樁下水 12‧‧ ‧ steel pipe pile launching
13‧‧‧海上掛載和運輸鋼管樁 13‧‧‧ Mounting and transporting steel pipe piles at sea
14‧‧‧平台固定 14‧‧‧ platform fixed
15‧‧‧吊起鋼管樁 15‧‧‧ Lifting steel pipe piles
16‧‧‧打擊鋼管樁 16‧‧‧Beat steel pipe pile
17‧‧‧基座安裝 17‧‧‧Pedestal installation
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105130991A TWI611075B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Offshore wind turbine generator pipe pile laying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105130991A TWI611075B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Offshore wind turbine generator pipe pile laying method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI611075B true TWI611075B (en) | 2018-01-11 |
| TW201812145A TW201812145A (en) | 2018-04-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105130991A TWI611075B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Offshore wind turbine generator pipe pile laying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI611075B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113184683B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2024-03-26 | 东南大学 | Automatic installation device and method for precast concrete column |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101691893A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-04-07 | 钟爱民 | Underwater construction method of steel tube |
| CN103121627A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | 江苏道达海上风电工程科技有限公司 | One-step type lifting system for wind power installation vessel and wind power installation vessel provided with same |
| CN105064362A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Multifunctional construction auxiliary ship structure for steel pipe piles |
-
2016
- 2016-09-26 TW TW105130991A patent/TWI611075B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101691893A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-04-07 | 钟爱民 | Underwater construction method of steel tube |
| CN103121627A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | 江苏道达海上风电工程科技有限公司 | One-step type lifting system for wind power installation vessel and wind power installation vessel provided with same |
| CN105064362A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Multifunctional construction auxiliary ship structure for steel pipe piles |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201812145A (en) | 2018-04-01 |
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