TWI597248B - Method of manufacturing glass molded body and method of manufacturing optical element using the same - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing glass molded body and method of manufacturing optical element using the same Download PDFInfo
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本發明涉及玻璃成型體的製造方法及採用該玻璃成型體的光學元件的製造方法。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a glass molded body and a method for producing an optical element using the glass molded body.
作為批量生產由光學玻璃構成的玻璃成型體的方法，一種對被稱為批料或碎玻璃的玻璃原料進行加熱、熔融、製作成均質且不含泡沫的熔融玻璃後使熔融玻璃從管道前端部流出並在鑄模等中進行澆鑄而使玻璃原料成型的方法已為大眾所熟知(例如，參照專利文獻1)。 As a method of mass-producing a glass molded body composed of optical glass, a glass material called a batch or cullet is heated, melted, and made into a homogeneous and foam-free molten glass, and the molten glass is supplied from the front end portion of the pipe. A method of forming a glass raw material by flowing out and casting in a mold or the like is well known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
專利文獻1中揭露了一種可使熔融玻璃自流出管中流出並向鑄模中連續鑄入熔融玻璃流而使長的連續的成型體成型的光學玻璃的連續成型方法及裝置。 Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous molding method and apparatus for optical glass which allows molten glass to flow out of an outflow pipe and continuously cast a molten glass flow into a mold to form a long continuous molded body.
但是，這樣的使從管道中流出的熔融玻璃流連續流入鑄模來製造光學元件用玻璃成型體的方法存在下述問題。 However, such a method of continuously flowing a flow of molten glass flowing out of a pipe into a mold to produce a glass molded body for an optical element has the following problems.
採用高折射率玻璃的光學元件對於攝像光學系統、投影光學系統等光學系統的高功能化、小型化是有效的。含有硼酸鑭的玻璃中可大量導入作為提供高折射率的成分的以La2O3為首的稀土類成分，故優選將其作為高折射率玻璃，但提供高折射率的成分的含量一旦增加，則耐失透性呈現出變差趨勢的同時比重增加。 An optical element using a high refractive index glass is effective for high functionality and miniaturization of an optical system such as an imaging optical system or a projection optical system. In the glass containing barium borate, a rare earth component such as La2O3 which is a component for providing a high refractive index can be introduced in a large amount, so that it is preferably used as a high refractive index glass, but the content of a component which provides a high refractive index increases, and the loss is resistant. Permeability shows a tendency to change while the proportion increases.
其結果，為防止失透而不得不提高熔融玻璃的流出溫度，流出時的黏度降低，加之玻璃比重大，所以流出的熔融玻璃流的流出量顯著增大，難以進行流出量的控制。雖然縮小流出管的內徑可控制流出量，但由於低黏性的熔融玻璃自內徑小的流出口流出，所以玻璃的流速增大，且熔 融玻璃流入至鑄模的極窄小的位點，從而鑄模的所述位點的溫度顯著上升，鑄模的劣化、損耗加劇，最壞時熔融玻璃會燒黏在鑄模上，導致無法進行穩定的生產。此外，氟磷酸玻璃等含氟玻璃中因流出時的黏性低於以往的矽酸鹽系光學玻璃的流出黏度，雖然不至於像含硼酸鑭的玻璃那樣，但也會產生同樣的問題。需要說明的是，本說明書中的“燒黏”指的是鑄模的上述位點中因鑄模的升溫導致熔融玻璃的冷卻不充分、該位點上的熔融玻璃變得不能被在水準方向上引出。 As a result, in order to prevent devitrification, it is necessary to increase the outflow temperature of the molten glass, and the viscosity at the time of discharge is lowered, and the glass ratio is large. Therefore, the outflow amount of the molten glass flow which flows out is remarkably increased, and it is difficult to control the outflow amount. Although the inner diameter of the outflow pipe can be controlled to control the outflow amount, since the low-viscosity molten glass flows out from the small-diameter outflow port, the flow rate of the glass increases, and the melting The molten glass flows into the extremely narrow position of the mold, so that the temperature of the site of the mold rises remarkably, the deterioration of the mold is increased, the loss is increased, and at the worst, the molten glass is burned on the mold, resulting in stable production. . Further, in the fluorine-containing glass such as fluorophosphate glass, the viscosity at the time of elution is lower than that of the conventional citrate-based optical glass, and the same problem does not occur even in the case of glass containing barium borate. In addition, the term "burning" in the present specification means that the cooling of the molten glass is insufficient due to the temperature rise of the mold in the above-mentioned position of the mold, and the molten glass at the position cannot be extracted in the horizontal direction. .
專利文獻1：JP特公昭45-19987號公報 Patent Document 1: JP-A-45-19987
本發明在這種情況下完成，目的在於提供一種可採用穩定性低(容易結晶)的玻璃類別和高比重高折射率玻璃等、並可使熔融玻璃連續地流入鑄模中來穩定製造高品質玻璃成型體的玻璃成型體的製造方法、以及採用以該方法獲得的玻璃成型體製造光學元件的光學元件製造方法。 The present invention has been accomplished in this case, and an object thereof is to provide a glass type which has low stability (easy to crystallize), a high specific gravity high refractive index glass, and the like, and can continuously flow molten glass into a mold to stably manufacture high quality glass. A method for producing a glass molded body of a molded body, and a method for producing an optical element using the glass molded body obtained by the method to produce an optical element.
發明人為達到上述目的反復進行仔細的研究，有了下述認識。 The inventors have repeatedly conducted careful research to achieve the above object, and have the following understanding.
為了使在玻璃流出管中流動的熔融玻璃不失透，優選將玻璃流出管各部分的溫度設為高於存在玻璃失透風險的溫度，且保持餘地使得即便是玻璃流出管的溫度多少有些變動也不會使玻璃的溫度在失透溫度範圍內。因而，玻璃 的黏性降低，但為了能在這樣的低黏性狀態下控制為期望的流出量，在管道中設置定好了內徑的縮徑部。換句話說，縮徑部的內徑被限定，使得玻璃的流出量能夠控制在期望的流出量，縮徑部起到充當玻璃流出管中的流量控制部的作用。 In order to prevent the molten glass flowing in the glass outflow pipe from devitrifying, it is preferable to set the temperature of each part of the glass outflow pipe to a temperature higher than the risk of devitrification of the glass, and to maintain the room so that even the temperature of the glass outflow pipe somewhat changes. Nor does the temperature of the glass fall within the devitrification temperature range. Thus, glass The viscosity is lowered, but in order to be controlled to a desired outflow amount in such a low viscosity state, a reduced diameter portion having an inner diameter is set in the pipe. In other words, the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion is defined such that the outflow amount of the glass can be controlled at a desired outflow amount, and the reduced diameter portion functions to function as a flow rate control portion in the glass outflow pipe.
進而，在縮徑部的下游側設置內徑大於縮徑部的流出部。通過了縮徑部的熔融玻璃流進入到流出部後，熔融玻璃流的直徑擴大，其結果，熔融玻璃的流速降低且熔融玻璃的管徑方向的流速分佈也變得均勻。由於流速降低效果、流速分佈均勻效果、以及鑄模中熔融玻璃流所流入的位點擴大的效果的協同作用，能夠防止所述位點的溫度顯著上升，並能防止鑄模的劣化、損耗以及鑄模與玻璃燒黏在一起。 Further, an outflow portion having an inner diameter larger than the reduced diameter portion is provided on the downstream side of the reduced diameter portion. When the molten glass flow having passed through the reduced diameter portion enters the outflow portion, the diameter of the molten glass flow is increased, and as a result, the flow velocity of the molten glass is lowered and the flow velocity distribution in the diameter direction of the molten glass is also uniform. The synergistic effect of the effect of reducing the flow rate, the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution, and the effect of the expansion of the flow of the molten glass flow in the mold can prevent the temperature of the site from rising significantly, and prevent deterioration, loss, and mold of the mold. The glass burns together.
本發明基於這些認識而完成。 The present invention has been completed based on these findings.
本發明第一方面的方法是玻璃成型體的製造方法，在所述玻璃成型體的製造方法中，使蓄積在容器內的熔融玻璃通過與所述容器連接的玻璃流出管流下並自所述玻璃流出管的流出口流出而連續流入到配置在所述流出口下方的鑄模中成型後將成型的玻璃成型體取出，所述玻璃成型體的製造方法其特徵在於，將包括在一端具有玻璃流出口的流出部、和將所述熔融玻璃導向所述流出部且內徑小於所述流出部的內徑的縮徑部的所述玻璃流出管用作所述玻璃流出管，使在所述玻璃流出管中流動的熔融玻璃流的直徑擴大後流出，並且，在保持鑄模內的所述熔融玻璃的液位低於所述玻璃流出管的所述流出口的狀態的同時，使熔融玻璃流入鑄模內。 A method according to a first aspect of the present invention is a method of producing a glass molded body, in which a molten glass accumulated in a container flows down through a glass outflow pipe connected to the container and from the glass The flow outlet of the outflow pipe flows out and continuously flows into a mold disposed below the outlet port, and the formed glass molded body is taken out. The method for producing the glass molded body is characterized in that it comprises a glass outflow port at one end. An outflow portion, and the glass outflow tube that guides the molten glass to the outflow portion and has an inner diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the outflow portion is used as the glass outflow tube to make the glass outflow tube The molten glass flow flowing in the middle is expanded and then flows out, and the molten glass flows into the mold while maintaining the liquid level of the molten glass in the mold lower than the discharge port of the glass outflow pipe.
根據本發明第一方面的方法，由於將流出管中的縮徑部設置在管上游，從而與熔融玻璃直接從縮徑部流出的情況相比，能充分降低流出部中的熔融玻璃的流速(流速降低效果、流速分佈均勻化效果)，並且，由於熔融玻璃從直徑大於縮徑部的流出部流入鑄模，故在熔融玻璃流出時其不會點狀地流出到鑄模上且不會產生燒黏(位點擴大效果)，從而能夠降低鑄模的損耗。 According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, since the reduced diameter portion in the outflow pipe is disposed upstream of the pipe, the flow velocity of the molten glass in the outflow portion can be sufficiently reduced as compared with the case where the molten glass directly flows out from the reduced diameter portion ( The flow rate reduction effect and the flow rate distribution uniformity effect), and since the molten glass flows into the mold from the outflow portion having a diameter larger than the diameter reducing portion, it does not flow out to the mold in a point-like manner when the molten glass flows out, and does not cause burntness. (Site expansion effect), so that the loss of the mold can be reduced.
即，這些效果的獲得是因為：熔融玻璃通過縮徑部時，以層流的形式流過，故在管徑方向的中心流動的熔融玻璃的流速最大，然後，由於熔融玻璃通過管徑大於縮徑部的流出部，故而熔融玻璃以在流出部的管徑方向的中心的熔融玻璃的流速比在所述縮徑部中的所述熔融玻璃的最大流速更慢的狀態從流出口流出。 That is, these effects are obtained because the molten glass flows as a laminar flow when passing through the reduced diameter portion, so that the flow velocity of the molten glass flowing in the center of the pipe diameter direction is the largest, and then, since the molten glass passes through the pipe diameter is larger than the shrinkage In the outflow portion of the diameter portion, the molten glass flows out from the outlet port in a state where the flow rate of the molten glass at the center in the pipe diameter direction of the outflow portion is slower than the maximum flow rate of the molten glass in the reduced diameter portion.
本發明第二方面的方法在本發明第一方面的玻璃成型體的製造方法的基礎上，採用在所述縮徑部與所述流出部之間具有內徑逐漸增大的倒錐形管部的玻璃流出管。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a glass molded body of the first aspect of the present invention, an inverted tapered portion having an inner diameter gradually increasing between the reduced diameter portion and the outflow portion is employed The glass flows out of the tube.
根據本發明第二方面的方法，由於在縮徑部與流出部之間設有倒錐形管部，從而能夠平穩地增大熔融玻璃流的直徑，並能製造高品質的玻璃成型體。 According to the method of the second aspect of the invention, since the inverted tapered tube portion is provided between the reduced diameter portion and the outflow portion, the diameter of the molten glass flow can be smoothly increased, and a high-quality glass molded body can be manufactured.
並且，由於熔融玻璃通過倒錐形管部，從而能夠更可靠地使得熔融玻璃流的中心部的流速減速。 Further, since the molten glass passes through the inverted tapered tube portion, the flow velocity at the center portion of the molten glass flow can be more reliably reduced.
本發明第三方面的方法在本發明第一或第二方面的玻璃成型體的製造方法的基礎上，採用所述流出部的內徑為一定的玻璃流出管。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a glass molded body according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the glass outflow pipe having a constant inner diameter of the outflow portion is used.
根據本發明第三方面的方法，不但能夠將流出部內熔融玻璃的流速減速至期望的速度，而且還能使得流速分佈 均勻化。 According to the method of the third aspect of the present invention, not only the flow velocity of the molten glass in the outflow portion can be decelerated to a desired speed, but also the flow velocity distribution can be made. Homogenize.
本發明第四方面的方法在本發明第一至第三任一方面的玻璃成型體的製造方法的基礎上，採用能對所述玻璃流出管的所述流出部獨立加熱的加熱裝置來對所述流出部進行加熱。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a glass molded body according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the heating device capable of independently heating the outflow portion of the glass outflow pipe is used. The outflow portion is heated.
根據本發明第四方面的方法，能夠降低在流出部的管壁附近流動的熔融玻璃流的黏度。因此，能夠在維持熔融玻璃的流速分佈均勻化的狀態下從流出口流出。而且，能夠進行加熱裝置的溫度控制，能在每個部位對流出部進行加熱。因此，能夠在流速分佈小於縮徑部中的熔融玻璃的流速分佈的狀態(均勻化狀態)下流出熔融玻璃。從而，能更有效地抑制熔融玻璃點狀地流出到鑄模上。 According to the method of the fourth aspect of the invention, the viscosity of the flow of the molten glass flowing in the vicinity of the tube wall of the outflow portion can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to flow out from the outflow port while maintaining the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass. Further, temperature control of the heating device can be performed, and the outflow portion can be heated at each portion. Therefore, the molten glass can flow out in a state where the flow velocity distribution is smaller than the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass in the reduced diameter portion (homogenization state). Thereby, it is possible to more effectively suppress the molten glass from flowing out of the mold in a dot shape.
本發明第五方面的方法在本發明第一至第四任一方面的玻璃成型體的製造方法的基礎上，將所述玻璃流出管的所述流出部的溫度設為高於所述縮徑部的溫度。 The method of the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the temperature of the outflow portion of the glass outflow tube is set to be higher than the diameter reduction method, in the method for producing a glass molded body according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention The temperature of the department.
根據本發明第五方面的方法，通過使流出部的溫度高於縮徑部的溫度，從而能夠提高流出部中管壁附近的熔融玻璃的流速，能更有效地抑制熔融玻璃恢復至層流。 According to the method of the fifth aspect of the present invention, by increasing the temperature of the outflow portion higher than the temperature of the reduced diameter portion, the flow velocity of the molten glass in the vicinity of the tube wall in the outflow portion can be increased, and the recovery of the molten glass to the laminar flow can be more effectively suppressed.
本發明第六方面的方法是光學元件的製造方法，其特徵在於，根據本發明第一至第五任一方面所述的方法製作玻璃成型體，並將所述玻璃成型體加工成預定的大小及形狀，通過加熱進行軟化，並借助成型模具進行壓制成型。 The method of the sixth aspect of the invention is the method of producing an optical element, characterized in that the glass molded body is produced according to the method of any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, and the glass molded body is processed into a predetermined size. And shape, softened by heating, and press-molded by means of a molding die.
根據本發明第六方面的方法，能夠製造高品質、高精度的光學元件，並能得到希望的光學特性。 According to the method of the sixth aspect of the invention, it is possible to manufacture a high-quality, high-precision optical element and to obtain desired optical characteristics.
本發明第七方面的方法是光學元件的製造方法，其特徵在於，根據本發明第一至第六任一方面所述的方法製作 玻璃成型體，並通過磨削、拋光、切削加工中任一種方法加工所述玻璃成型體。 The method of the seventh aspect of the invention is the method of producing an optical element, characterized in that it is produced according to the method of any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention The glass molded body is processed by the method of any one of grinding, polishing, and cutting.
根據本發明第七方面的方法，能夠製造高品質、高精度的光學元件，並能得到希望的光學特性。 According to the method of the seventh aspect of the invention, it is possible to manufacture a high-quality, high-precision optical element and to obtain desired optical characteristics.
本發明第八方面的方法在本發明第六或第七任一方面的光學元件的製造方法的基礎上，所述玻璃光學元件是透鏡。 The method of the eighth aspect of the invention, wherein the glass optical element is a lens.
根據本發明第八方面的方法，能夠在高生產率的基礎上穩定製造高品質、高精度的透鏡。 According to the method of the eighth aspect of the invention, it is possible to stably manufacture a lens of high quality and high precision on the basis of high productivity.
本發明的玻璃成型體的製造方法、以及使用由該方法製造的玻璃成型體的光學元件製造方法具有下述效果。 The method for producing a glass molded body of the present invention and the method for producing an optical element using the glass molded body produced by the method have the following effects.
由於將流出管中的縮徑部設置在管上游，從而與熔融玻璃直接從縮徑部流出的情況相比，能充分降低流出部中的熔融玻璃的流速(流速降低效果、流速分佈均勻化效果)，並且，由於熔融玻璃從直徑大於縮徑部的流出部流入鑄模，故在熔融玻璃流出時，不會大量的熔融玻璃點狀地流出到鑄模上且不會產生燒黏(位點擴大效果)，從而能夠延長鑄模的壽命。 Since the reduced diameter portion in the outflow pipe is disposed upstream of the pipe, the flow velocity of the molten glass in the outflow portion can be sufficiently reduced (flow velocity reduction effect, flow velocity distribution uniformization effect) as compared with the case where the molten glass flows directly from the reduced diameter portion. Moreover, since the molten glass flows into the mold from the outflow portion having a diameter larger than the diameter reducing portion, when the molten glass flows out, a large amount of molten glass does not flow out onto the mold in a dot shape and does not cause sticking (spot expansion effect) ), thereby extending the life of the mold.
由此，能夠穩定製造光學均質的玻璃成型體。 Thereby, it is possible to stably manufacture an optically homogeneous glass molded body.
因此，根據本發明的玻璃成型體的製造方法、以及採用通過該方法獲得的玻璃成型體來製造光學元件的光學元件製造方法，可用穩定性低(易結晶)的玻璃種類、高比重高折射率的玻璃等來製造高品質玻璃成型體，當用這樣的玻璃成型體成型光學元件時，能夠在高生產率的基礎上生產高品質、高性能的光學元件。 Therefore, according to the method for producing a glass molded body of the present invention and the method for producing an optical element using the glass molded body obtained by the method, it is possible to use a glass type having a low stability (easy to crystallize), a high specific gravity and a high refractive index. When a high-quality glass molded body is produced by glass or the like, when an optical element is molded by such a glass molded body, a high-quality, high-performance optical element can be produced with high productivity.
先對本發明的玻璃成型體的製造方法進行說明。 First, a method for producing the glass molded body of the present invention will be described.
以預定的比例調配玻璃批料原料或碎玻璃，經包括熔解、勻質、澄淨製程在內的製程，從後述的玻璃流出管的玻璃流出口連續地向鑄模供給熔融玻璃的同時，將流出的熔融玻璃從鑄模向水準方向取出。這時，設於鑄模上方的流出管的流出口設置在高於流出到鑄模上的熔融玻璃的液位的位置。 The glass batch raw material or the cullet is prepared in a predetermined ratio, and the molten glass is continuously supplied to the mold from the glass outflow port of the glass outflow pipe described later through a process including a melting, homogenizing, and clarification process. The molten glass is taken out from the mold in the direction of the level. At this time, the outflow port of the outflow pipe provided above the casting mold is disposed at a position higher than the liquid level of the molten glass flowing out to the casting mold.
從鑄模取出的玻璃向連續式退火爐內水準移動並在爐內退火。在鑄模內成型的玻璃成型體是在通過退火爐內之前都一直連續的板狀的成型體，但通過了退火爐內的玻璃成型體的前端部則以期望的長度與玻璃成型體主體分離。分離可用公知的切斷、劈開等方法進行。 The glass taken out of the mold moves to the level within the continuous annealing furnace and is annealed in the furnace. The glass molded body molded in the mold is a plate-shaped molded body that is continuous until it passes through the annealing furnace. However, the front end portion of the glass molded body that has passed through the annealing furnace is separated from the glass molded body by a desired length. Separation can be carried out by a known method such as cutting or cleavage.
需要說明的是，上述例子中將玻璃從鑄模向水準方向引出，但也可以採用設置有貫穿孔的鑄模，並以貫穿孔朝著垂直方向的方式將鑄模配置在玻璃流出口的下方，使熔融玻璃流從貫穿孔的高位置側的開口部流入並在貫穿孔內成型後從低位置側的開口部引出成型後的玻璃，並退火。退火後的玻璃成型體的前端以期望的長度分離。在該例子中，在鑄模內成型的玻璃退火後分離之前，也是連續的板狀的玻璃成型體。 In the above example, the glass is taken out from the mold in the horizontal direction. However, a mold having a through hole may be used, and the mold may be placed below the glass outflow port so that the through hole faces in the vertical direction to melt. The glass flow flows in from the opening on the high-position side of the through-hole, and is molded in the through-hole, and the molded glass is taken out from the opening on the low-position side and annealed. The front end of the annealed glass molded body is separated by a desired length. In this example, the glass molded in the mold is also a continuous plate-shaped glass molded body before being separated after annealing.
從長的連續的玻璃成型體上分離出的玻璃被分割成被稱作切片的多個玻璃片，並進行磨削或拋光等冷加工，使之成為規定形狀、規定體積，從而作為壓制成型用的玻璃原材料。 The glass separated from the long continuous glass molded body is divided into a plurality of glass sheets called slicing, and subjected to cold working such as grinding or polishing to obtain a predetermined shape and a predetermined volume, thereby being used for press molding. Glass raw materials.
可將熔融玻璃的流量設為50cm3/min以上，更優選70cm3/min以上，進一步優選100cm3/min以上。流出量過多則鑄模容易點式地升溫而導致鑄模劣化，故優選熔融玻璃的流量在300cm3/min以下，更優選在250cm3/min以下，進一步優選在230cm3/min以下，並且也可以在200cm3/min以下。 The flow rate of the molten glass can be 50 cm 3 /min or more, more preferably 70 cm 3 /min or more, and still more preferably 100 cm 3 /min or more. Flow amount is too much, the mold easily point to a rise in temperature cause the mold deteriorates, so the flow rate is preferably molten glass in 300cm 3 / min or less, and more preferably 250cm 3 / min or less, and more preferably 230cm 3 / min or less, and may be 200cm 3 /min or less.
對於本發明中使用的玻璃的運動黏度(或者動黏滯率)ν=液相溫度時的黏度(或者黏滯率)μ/密度ρ，ν(cm2/s)可考慮所述黏度μ(dPa‧s)作為表示熔融玻璃在玻璃流出管內流動時的制動的指標，同樣地，考慮密度ρ(g/cm3)作為表示加速的指標。在此，密度ρ是常溫時的玻璃的密度，即在表示比重的值後帶上單位g/cm3。高折射率玻璃的所述黏度μ低，且密度ρ大，故運動黏度ν小。因此，熔融玻璃流的流速容易增大。本發明對這樣的玻璃十分有效。本發明對運動黏度ν在1.8 cm2/s以下的玻璃的製造十分有效，對運動黏度ν在1.0 cm2/s以下的玻璃的製造尤為有效。 For the viscosity (or dynamic viscosity) of the glass used in the present invention ν = viscosity (or viscosity) μ / density ρ, ν (cm 2 / s) at the liquidus temperature, the viscosity μ can be considered ( dPa‧s) is an index indicating the braking when the molten glass flows in the glass outflow pipe, and similarly, the density ρ (g/cm 3 ) is taken as an index indicating acceleration. Here, the density ρ is the density of the glass at normal temperature, that is, the unit g/cm 3 is carried after the value indicating the specific gravity. The viscosity μ of the high refractive index glass is low, and the density ρ is large, so the moving viscosity ν is small. Therefore, the flow rate of the molten glass flow is easily increased. The invention is very effective for such a glass. The invention is very effective for the manufacture of glass having a kinematic viscosity ν of less than 1.8 cm 2 /s, and is particularly effective for the manufacture of glass having a kinematic viscosity ν of 1.0 cm 2 /s or less.
對本發明的玻璃成型體的製造方法製程中使用的玻璃流出管進行說明。 The glass outflow pipe used in the process for producing the glass molded body of the present invention will be described.
圖2是本發明中採用的玻璃流出管的一例結構的說明圖。按照此圖2來說明本發明的玻璃流出管的結構。並且，在下述的說明中，管徑指的是玻璃流出管的內徑。 Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of the structure of a glass outflow pipe used in the present invention. The structure of the glass outflow pipe of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 2 . Further, in the following description, the pipe diameter refers to the inner diameter of the glass outflow pipe.
鉑制玻璃流出管10是使熔融玻璃流出的玻璃流出管，其具有：一側與熔融槽1連接的上游區域部2、一側與上游區域部2連接且管徑形成為漸漸變窄的錐形管部3、一側與 錐形管部3連接且管徑形成為最小的縮徑部4、一側與縮徑部4連接且管徑形成為漸漸增大的倒錐形管部5、以及一側與倒錐形管部連接且在與倒錐形管部5連接一側的另一側具有流出部7的直管狀的流出部(下游區域部)6，其中，流出部7具有熔融玻璃的流出口8。 The platinum glass outflow pipe 10 is a glass outflow pipe through which the molten glass flows out, and has an upstream region portion 2 that is connected to the melting vessel 1 on one side, and a tapered portion that is connected to the upstream region portion 2 and has a tapered diameter. Tube part 3, one side and The tapered tube portion 3 is connected to the reduced diameter portion 4 having the smallest diameter, the one side is connected to the reduced diameter portion 4, and the tube diameter is formed to gradually increase the inverted tapered tube portion 5, and one side and the inverted tapered tube The other side having the side connected to the inverted tapered pipe portion 5 has a straight tubular outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6 of the outflow portion 7, wherein the outflow portion 7 has an outflow port 8 for molten glass.
在這樣的鉑制的玻璃流出管10中，通過在流出部(下游區域部)6的上游設置能夠抑制並控制熔融玻璃的流量的、管徑在玻璃流出管10中最小的縮徑部4，從而流出部(下游區域部)6及流出前端部7(流出口8)不會對流量產生影響，可操作溫度範圍拓寬。並且，在下述說明中，為了方便，將流出部6和流出前端部7加以區分，流出部6和流出前端部7構成下游區域。流出前端部7的內徑與流出部6的內徑大小相同，兩者只在外徑上有所不同。流出前端部7的下端部構成流出口8。 In the glass outflow pipe 10 made of platinum, the smallest diameter reducing portion 4 having the smallest diameter of the glass outflow pipe 10, which is capable of suppressing and controlling the flow rate of the molten glass, is provided upstream of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6. Therefore, the outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6 and the outflow tip portion 7 (outflow port 8) do not affect the flow rate, and the operable temperature range is widened. Further, in the following description, the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip end portion 7 are distinguished for convenience, and the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7 constitute a downstream region. The inner diameter of the outflow front end portion 7 is the same as the inner diameter of the outflow portion 6, and the two differ only in the outer diameter. The lower end portion of the outflow front end portion 7 constitutes the outflow port 8.
為了在流出部(下游區域部)6的上游設置縮徑部4，本發明中，在上游區域部2與中游區域之間設置錐形管部3，從中游區域至下游區域(由流出部6、流出前端部7及流出口8構成)間設置倒錐形管部5。該流出部(下游區域部)6的長度因管道拓寬時的影響、即因熔融玻璃的流速分佈增大，故設為只要能將該增大的流速分佈最低限均勻化的長度即可，後面將對長度進行說明。 In order to provide the reduced diameter portion 4 upstream of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6, in the present invention, the tapered tube portion 3 is provided between the upstream region portion 2 and the midstream region, from the midstream region to the downstream region (by the outflow portion 6) An inverted tapered tube portion 5 is provided between the front end portion 7 and the outflow port 8 . The length of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6 is increased by the influence of the pipe width, that is, the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass is increased, so that the length of the increased flow velocity distribution can be minimized. The length will be explained.
此外，下述的熔融玻璃的流速分佈指的是玻璃流出管的任意的徑向截面中的管壁內部~管中央部~管壁內部上的分佈。 Further, the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass described below refers to the distribution from the inside of the pipe wall to the inside of the pipe wall to the inside of the pipe wall in any radial cross section of the glass outflow pipe.
下面將對熔融玻璃在玻璃流出管內流動時的流速及流速分佈進行說明。 The flow rate and flow velocity distribution of the molten glass as it flows through the glass outflow tube will be described below.
在熔融爐內熔融後的熔融玻璃流入玻璃流出管10的上游區域部2時按規定的流速流動，在管壁附近流動的熔融玻璃流因受管壁的黏滯阻力而變為層流流動。然後，流入縮徑部4的熔融玻璃因管徑縮小而維持流速加速的層流狀態。將在此時的縮徑部4內流動的熔融玻璃的流速分佈當作基準流速分佈。 When the molten glass melted in the melting furnace flows into the upstream region 2 of the glass outflow pipe 10, it flows at a predetermined flow rate, and the molten glass flow flowing in the vicinity of the pipe wall flows into a laminar flow due to the viscous resistance of the pipe wall. Then, the molten glass that has flowed into the reduced diameter portion 4 maintains a laminar flow state in which the flow velocity is accelerated due to a reduction in the diameter of the tube. The flow velocity distribution of the molten glass flowing in the reduced diameter portion 4 at this time is taken as the reference flow velocity distribution.
然後，熔融玻璃流入倒錐形管部5。這時，因管徑漸漸增大，從而施加在熔融玻璃上的壓力下降，熔融玻璃的流速降低的同時，流速分佈大於基準流速分佈。這是由於熔融玻璃流入倒錐形管部5時，雖然由於管徑漸漸增大，倒錐形管部5中央部的流速因壓力下降而變慢，但是與此相比，在倒錐形管部5的管壁附近流動的熔融玻璃的流速因管壁阻力變得更慢的緣故。 Then, the molten glass flows into the inverted tapered tube portion 5. At this time, as the pipe diameter gradually increases, the pressure applied to the molten glass decreases, and the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass decreases while the flow velocity distribution is larger than the reference flow velocity distribution. This is because when the molten glass flows into the inverted tapered tube portion 5, the flow velocity in the central portion of the inverted tapered tubular portion 5 is slowed down due to the pressure drop due to the gradually increasing diameter of the tube, but in contrast to the inverted tapered tube The flow velocity of the molten glass flowing in the vicinity of the pipe wall of the portion 5 becomes slower due to the pipe wall resistance.
接著，熔融玻璃流入下游區域的流出部6時，熔融玻璃的流速一下子降低。然後，熔融玻璃流入流出部6後，流速分佈開始變小，並在流出部6內行進規定距離後變均勻化。流速分佈變均勻化後，熔融玻璃開始恢復為層流，流速分佈漸漸變大。但是，本發明中，以小於基準流速分佈且流速分佈變均勻化的狀態、或者接近於流速分佈變均勻化的狀態自流出口8流出。這是因為本發明的管中在流出部6設有未圖示的加熱單元，由該加熱單元對在流出部6的管壁附近流動的熔融玻璃進行加熱，從而黏度變低，使熔融玻璃能夠維持均勻化的狀態或者以接近於均勻化狀態的狀態自流出口8流出。 Next, when the molten glass flows into the outflow portion 6 of the downstream region, the flow rate of the molten glass is suddenly lowered. Then, after the molten glass flows into the outflow portion 6, the flow velocity distribution starts to decrease, and becomes uniform after traveling within the outflow portion 6 by a predetermined distance. After the flow velocity distribution becomes uniform, the molten glass begins to return to laminar flow, and the flow velocity distribution gradually becomes larger. However, in the present invention, the state is smaller than the reference flow rate distribution, the flow velocity distribution is uniformized, or the state in which the flow velocity distribution becomes uniform is discharged from the outflow port 8. In the tube of the present invention, a heating unit (not shown) is provided in the outflow portion 6, and the molten glass that flows in the vicinity of the tube wall of the outflow portion 6 is heated by the heating unit, whereby the viscosity is lowered, so that the molten glass can be made. The state of homogenization is maintained or flows out of the outflow port 8 in a state close to the homogenization state.
為了限制從中游區域(縮徑部4)至下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的熔融玻璃的流速分佈以及/或者流速， 中游區域(縮徑部4)及下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的管徑(內徑)在各自的部位為一定，也就是說，管內的空腔部可形成為圓柱狀。例如，流出部6和流出前端部7的內徑D2與縮徑部4的內徑D1的比(D2/D1)需要大於1，太小則難以獲得流速限制效果，故希望D2/D1的比在1.05以上，優選在1.40以上，更優選在2.00以上。並且，優選在2.25以上，更優選在2.50以上，進一步優選在2.70以上，3.00以上也可以。D2/D1的比的上限可由選用的玻璃種類、平均每天的生產量、在倒錐形管部5及/或下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的內部不發生玻璃的剝離的範圍決定，可以是3.20以上，也可以是3.50以上。 In order to limit the flow velocity distribution and/or the flow velocity of the molten glass from the midstream region (the reduced diameter portion 4) to the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow front end portion 7), The diameter (inner diameter) of the midstream region (reduced diameter portion 4) and the downstream region (outflow portion 6 and outflow tip portion 7) is constant at each position, that is, the cavity portion in the tube can be formed into a cylindrical shape. . For example, the ratio (D2/D1) of the inner diameter D2 of the outflow portion 6 and the outflow front end portion 7 to the inner diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion 4 needs to be larger than 1, and if it is too small, it is difficult to obtain the flow rate limiting effect, so the ratio of D2/D1 is desired. It is 1.05 or more, preferably 1.40 or more, and more preferably 2.00 or more. Further, it is preferably 2.25 or more, more preferably 2.50 or more, still more preferably 2.70 or more, and 3.00 or more. The upper limit of the ratio of D2/D1 may be selected from the range of the selected glass type, the average daily production amount, and the peeling of the glass in the inside of the inverted tapered tube portion 5 and/or the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow front end portion 7). The decision may be 3.20 or more, or may be 3.50 or more.
綜上所述，優選D2/D1滿足下式。1.05≦D2/D1………(1)式 In summary, it is preferable that D2/D1 satisfy the following formula. 1.05≦D2/D1.........(1)
此外，為了將至中游區域(縮徑部4)及下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的熔融玻璃的流速限制在希望的速度分佈，例如可設下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的管長L2與縮徑部4的管徑D1的比(L2/D1)為100以下，更優選在90以下，可進一步優選在85以下。並且，上限可根據選用的玻璃種類、平均每天的生產量決定，優選在80以下，更優選在78以下，進一步優選在77以下，75以下也可以。 Further, in order to restrict the flow velocity of the molten glass to the midstream region (the reduced diameter portion 4) and the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7) to a desired velocity distribution, for example, a downstream region (outflow portion 6 and outflow front end) may be provided. The ratio (L2/D1) of the tube length L2 of the portion 7) to the tube diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion 4 is 100 or less, more preferably 90 or less, and still more preferably 85 or less. Further, the upper limit can be determined depending on the type of glass to be used and the average daily production amount, and is preferably 80 or less, more preferably 78 or less, still more preferably 77 or less, and 75 or less.
因L2/D1的比太小則難以獲得限制效果，故希望L2/D1的比在30以上，優選在40以上，更優選在55以上。至於下限，也可考慮與上述同樣的情況，優選在65以上，更優選在70以上，73以上也可以。 Since the ratio of L2/D1 is too small, it is difficult to obtain a limiting effect, so the ratio of L2/D1 is desirably 30 or more, preferably 40 or more, and more preferably 55 or more. As for the lower limit, the same as the above may be considered, and it is preferably 65 or more, more preferably 70 or more, and 73 or more.
本發明中，L2/D1的比例如在30以上，優選在40以上， 更優選在55以上，進一步優選在60以上。 In the present invention, the ratio of L2/D1 is, for example, 30 or more, preferably 40 or more. More preferably, it is 55 or more, More preferably, it is 60 or more.
綜上所述，優選L2/D1滿足下式。30≦L2/D1≦100………(2)式 In summary, it is preferable that L2/D1 satisfy the following formula. 30≦L2/D1≦100.........(2)
為了高效限制至中游區域(縮徑部4)及下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的熔融玻璃的流速，例如可設下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的管長L2與下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的管徑D2的比(L2/D2)為60以下，更優選在55以下，可進一步優選在53以下。上限可根據選用的玻璃種類、平均每天的生產量決定，優選在51以下，更優選在50以下，進一步優選在48以下，更進一步優選在45以下，43以下也可以。 In order to efficiently limit the flow velocity of the molten glass to the midstream region (the reduced diameter portion 4) and the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7), for example, the tube length L2 of the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7) may be set and The ratio (L2/D2) of the tube diameter D2 of the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7) is 60 or less, more preferably 55 or less, and still more preferably 53 or less. The upper limit can be determined according to the type of glass to be used and the average daily production amount, and is preferably 51 or less, more preferably 50 or less, further preferably 48 or less, still more preferably 45 or less, and 43 or less.
因L2/D2的比太小則難以獲得限制效果，故希望L2/D2的比在15以上，優選在20以上，更優選在21以上，23以上也可以。並且，下限也可考慮與上述同樣的情況，優選在25以上，更優選在27以上，進一步優選在29以上，更進一步優選在30以上，32以上也可以。 Since the ratio of L2/D2 is too small, it is difficult to obtain a limiting effect. Therefore, the ratio of L2/D2 is desirably 15 or more, preferably 20 or more, more preferably 21 or more, and 23 or more. Further, the lower limit may be the same as described above, and is preferably 25 or more, more preferably 27 or more, still more preferably 29 or more, still more preferably 30 or more, and 32 or more.
綜上所述，優選L2/D2滿足下式。15≦L2/D2≦60………(3)式 In summary, it is preferable that L2/D2 satisfy the following formula. 15≦L2/D2≦60.........(3)
此外，與上述的縮徑部4的管徑、管長以及下游區域(流出部6和流出前端部7)的管徑、管長的比一道，從生產效率的觀點出發，可將縮徑部4的管長L1與縮徑部4的管徑D1的比(L1/D1)設為10以上，更優選在20以上，並可進一步優選在30以上。下限可根據上述的理由確定，可在50以上，優選在70以上，更優選在90以上，更進一步優選在100以上，110以上也可以。至於上限，可考慮與上述同樣的情況，可在200以下，優選在190以下，更優 選在180以下，更進一步優選在170以下，160以下也可以。 Further, together with the diameter of the pipe diameter, the pipe length, and the pipe diameter and the pipe length of the downstream region (the outflow portion 6 and the outflow tip portion 7), the diameter reducing portion 4 can be obtained from the viewpoint of production efficiency. The ratio (L1/D1) of the tube length L1 to the tube diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion 4 is 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, and still more preferably 30 or more. The lower limit can be determined for the above reasons, and may be 50 or more, preferably 70 or more, more preferably 90 or more, still more preferably 100 or more, and 110 or more. As for the upper limit, the same situation as described above can be considered, and it can be 200 or less, preferably 190 or less, and more preferably It is selected to be 180 or less, and more preferably 170 or less, and 160 or less.
綜上所述，優選L1/D1滿足下式。10≦L1/D1≦200………(4)式 In summary, it is preferable that L1/D1 satisfy the following formula. 10≦L1/D1≦200......(4)
鉑制玻璃流出管的各區域的管徑、長度、流出口的直徑根據所使用的玻璃的流出黏度、液相溫度、比重、及平均每天的玻璃原材料的生產量等而被最優化。 The diameter, length, and diameter of each of the regions of the platinum glass outflow pipe are optimized depending on the outflow viscosity of the glass to be used, the liquidus temperature, the specific gravity, and the average daily production amount of the glass raw material.
本發明中，例如通過未圖示的通電加熱式的加熱器等溫度控制裝置對玻璃流出管10以及經由玻璃流出管10對熔融玻璃加熱，可將熔融玻璃的溫度控制在最合適的溫度。通過預先設置至少在圓周上環燒流出口8的通電加熱式加熱器，從而能夠獨立地對流出口8進行加熱。除此之外，不僅是流出口8，還可將溫度控制裝置設置在想獨立加熱的部位，既可對流出口8和流出前端部7進行獨立加熱，也可除流出口8和流出前端部7之外還對流出部6進行獨立加熱。上述實施例中，可將溫度控制裝置分別設置在流出口8、流出前端部7及流出部6來獨立地進行溫度控制。 In the present invention, the temperature of the molten glass can be controlled to an optimum temperature by heating the molten glass to the glass outflow pipe 10 and the glass outflow pipe 10 by, for example, a temperature control device such as an electric heating type heater (not shown). The electric outlet heater 8 can be independently heated by previously providing an electric heating heater having a ring-shaped combustion outlet 8 at least circumferentially. In addition to this, not only the outflow port 8, but also the temperature control device can be disposed at a portion to be independently heated, and the outlet port 8 and the outflow tip portion 7 can be independently heated, and the outflow port 8 and the outflow port portion 7 can be removed. In addition, the outflow portion 6 is independently heated. In the above embodiment, the temperature control devices can be separately provided at the outflow port 8, the outflow end portion 7, and the outflow portion 6 to independently perform temperature control.
作為進行溫度設定的手段，例如可將玻璃流出管的縮徑部4中的溫度設定得低於玻璃流出管的其它部分的溫度，或者將它們設置在相同溫度。 As means for performing the temperature setting, for example, the temperature in the reduced diameter portion 4 of the glass outflow pipe can be set lower than the temperature of the other portion of the glass outflow pipe, or they can be set at the same temperature.
本實施例中，將流出口8、流出前端部7及流出部6的溫度設置在相同溫度，且其溫度設定得高於縮徑部的溫度。通過進行這樣的溫度設定，可將流出部8的管壁附近的熔融玻璃的速度降低抑制在最小限，並能保持熔融玻璃的溫度分佈均勻的狀態使熔融玻璃流出。 In the present embodiment, the temperatures of the outflow port 8, the outflow front end portion 7, and the outflow portion 6 are set at the same temperature, and the temperature thereof is set higher than the temperature of the reduced diameter portion. By performing such temperature setting, the decrease in the speed of the molten glass in the vicinity of the tube wall of the outflow portion 8 can be minimized, and the molten glass can be discharged while maintaining the temperature distribution of the molten glass in a uniform state.
至此，對縮徑部為玻璃流出管的管徑最小的部分的情況進行了說明，但並不限於縮徑部就是該管道的管徑最小 的部位。例如，在玻璃流出管的縮徑部的上游側(熔融玻璃的流向)可有內徑比縮徑部中的內徑更小的部分。這時，優選控制縮徑部及內徑比縮徑部的內徑更小的部位的溫度，以控制在管道中流動的熔融玻璃的流量。並且，玻璃流出管還可以是縮徑部的一端與蓄積熔融玻璃的熔融槽連接的結構。 So far, the case where the reduced diameter portion is the portion having the smallest diameter of the glass outflow pipe has been described, but it is not limited to the reduced diameter portion, that is, the pipe diameter of the pipe is the smallest. The part. For example, the upstream side of the reduced diameter portion of the glass outflow pipe (the flow direction of the molten glass) may have a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion. At this time, it is preferable to control the temperature of the reduced diameter portion and the portion having the inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion to control the flow rate of the molten glass flowing through the duct. Further, the glass outflow pipe may have a structure in which one end of the reduced diameter portion is connected to the melting tank in which the molten glass is stored.
相對比地，圖1是現有技術的玻璃流出管的一例結構的說明圖，玻璃流出管20具有：一側與熔融槽11連接的上游區域部12、一側與所述上游區域部12連接且管徑形成為漸漸變小的錐形管部13、一側與所述錐形管部13連接且管徑形成為最小的縮徑部14、以及一側與所述縮徑部14連接且在另一側具有熔融玻璃的管流出口16的流出前端部15。 In contrast, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a structure of a conventional glass outflow pipe 20 having an upstream region portion 12 connected to one side of the melting tank 11 and one side connected to the upstream region portion 12 and The tube diameter is formed as a tapered tube portion 13 which is gradually tapered, a reduced diameter portion 14 whose one side is connected to the tapered tube portion 13 and whose diameter is formed to be the smallest, and one side is connected to the reduced diameter portion 14 and On the other side, there is an outflow front end portion 15 of the tube outflow port 16 of molten glass.
該現有技術的玻璃流出管20與上述圖2所示的本發明採用的玻璃流出管10不同，其管徑形成為最小的流量控制支配部、即縮徑部14不是設置在中游區域，而是設置在下游區域，其結果，與該縮徑部14連接的流出前端部15上的熔融玻璃的流出口16的直徑只能處於小的狀態來流出熔融玻璃。因此，流出時的熔融玻璃的流出速度處於快的狀態，保持為層流從流出口流出，鑄模上的特定部位點狀升溫，無法獲得穩定且高均質的玻璃成型體。 The glass outflow pipe 20 of the prior art is different from the glass outflow pipe 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 described above, and the pipe diameter is formed to be the smallest flow control dominating portion, that is, the reduced diameter portion 14 is not disposed in the midstream region, but is instead In the downstream region, as a result, the diameter of the outflow port 16 of the molten glass on the outflow tip end portion 15 connected to the reduced diameter portion 14 can be made to flow out of the molten glass only in a small state. Therefore, the outflow speed of the molten glass at the time of the outflow is in a state of being fast, and the laminar flow is prevented from flowing out from the outflow port, and the specific portion on the mold is heated in a dot shape, and a stable and highly uniform glass molded body cannot be obtained.
相對於此，本發明中採用的玻璃流出管10如前所述，在流出部6及流出前端部7的上游設置縮徑部4，從而流出部6及流出前端部7對與溫度相對而言的流量的影響小，故可操作溫度範圍變大的同時，通過拓寬該流出前端部7 上的管流出口(流出口)8，從而能夠起到前述三個效果以及此三個效果的協同作用的效果。 On the other hand, as described above, the glass outflow pipe 10 used in the present invention is provided with the reduced diameter portion 4 upstream of the outflow portion 6 and the outflow end portion 7, so that the outflow portion 6 and the outflow front end portion 7 are relatively temperature-dependent. The influence of the flow rate is small, so that the operating temperature range becomes larger, and the outflow front end portion 7 is widened. The upper tube outlet (outflow port) 8 can achieve the synergistic effect of the above three effects and the three effects.
具體而言，舉出採用同一玻璃種類且平均每天的玻璃原材料的生產量相同時的一個例子，現有的玻璃流出管20和本發明中採用的玻璃流出管10的全長分別為1500mm，縮徑部14和縮徑部4的直徑和全長分別為3.0mm和350mm，管流出口16和8的直徑分別為3.0mm和7.5mm，自流出口16和8流出的熔融玻璃的每單位體積的表面積分別為2444mm2/sec和978mm2/sec，本發明的玻璃流出管10可獲得穩定、高均質且高品質的光學玻璃。 Specifically, an example in which the same glass type and the average daily production amount of the glass raw material are the same is used. The conventional glass outflow pipe 20 and the glass outflow pipe 10 used in the present invention have a total length of 1500 mm and a reduced diameter portion, respectively. 14 and the reduced diameter portion 4 have a diameter and a total length of 3.0 mm and 350 mm, respectively, and the diameters of the tube outlets 16 and 8 are 3.0 mm and 7.5 mm, respectively, and the surface area per unit volume of the molten glass flowing out from the outlets 16 and 8 is respectively At 2444 mm 2 /sec and 978 mm 2 /sec, the glass outflow tube 10 of the present invention can obtain a stable, highly homogeneous and high quality optical glass.
下面將用例子舉出優選應用本發明的玻璃。 The glass to which the present invention is preferably applied will be exemplified below.
本發明中採用的含有硼酸鑭的玻璃指的是含有B2O3和La2O3作為玻璃成分的玻璃，優選適用滿足下述條件(1)~(5)的玻璃。 The glass containing barium borate used in the present invention refers to a glass containing B2O3 and La2O3 as a glass component, and glass suitable for the following conditions (1) to (5) is preferably used.
(1)玻璃的組成按氧化物換算含有3品質%至50品質% B2O3和10品質%至60品質% La2O3的玻璃，其中，含有3品質%至30品質% B2O3和20品質%至60品質% La2O3的玻璃更優選。 (1) Glass having a composition of 3% by mass to 50% by mass of B 2 O 3 and 10% by mass to 60% by mass of La 2 O 3 in terms of oxide, wherein 3% by mass to 30% by mass of B 2 O is contained Glass of 3 and 20% by mass to 60% by mass of La 2 O 3 is more preferred.
(2)折射率nd在1.60以上的玻璃，尤其是具有滿足下式(i)的折射率nd、阿貝數ν d的玻璃更優選。nd≧2.085-0.0075×ν d(ν d≦62)………式(i) (2) The glass having a refractive index nd of 1.60 or more is more preferably a glass having a refractive index nd and an Abbe number ν d satisfying the following formula (i). Nd≧2.085-0.0075×ν d(ν d≦62).........formula (i)
從維持玻璃的熱穩定性的觀點出發，以2.20作為折射率nd的上限目標即可。並且，以17作為阿貝數ν d的下限目標即可。 From the viewpoint of maintaining the thermal stability of the glass, 2.20 may be used as the upper limit target of the refractive index nd. Further, 17 may be used as the lower limit target of the Abbe number ν d .
(3)優選比重在4.0以上的玻璃，其中，更優選比重 在4.5以上的玻璃，進一步優選比重在4.7以上的玻璃，更進一步優選比重在5.0以上的玻璃。比重的上限以6為基準即可。 (3) A glass having a specific gravity of 4.0 or more is preferable, and a specific gravity is more preferable The glass of 4.5 or more is more preferably a glass having a specific gravity of 4.7 or more, and still more preferably a glass having a specific gravity of 5.0 or more. The upper limit of the specific gravity can be based on 6.
(4)優選液相溫度下的黏度在5.0dPa‧s以下的玻璃，進一步優選液相溫度下的黏度在4.5dPa‧s以下的玻璃，其中，更優選適用於所述黏度在3.0dPa‧s以下的玻璃。 (4) Glass having a viscosity at a liquidus temperature of 5.0 dPa ‧ s or less is preferable, and glass having a viscosity at a liquidus temperature of 4.5 dPa ‧ s or less is more preferable, and more preferably, the viscosity is 3.0 dPa ‧ s The following glass.
(5)液相溫度在600℃以上的玻璃是優選的，液相溫度在650℃以上的玻璃是進一步優選的，其中，更優選適用於液相溫度在900℃以上的玻璃。 (5) Glass having a liquidus temperature of 600 ° C or higher is preferable, and glass having a liquid phase temperature of 650 ° C or higher is more preferable, and among them, glass having a liquidus temperature of 900 ° C or higher is more preferably used.
進一步優選適用於任意組合上述條件(1)~(5)的玻璃。 Further preferably, it is suitable for the glass in which the above conditions (1) to (5) are arbitrarily combined.
本發明中採用的含氟玻璃指的是含F作為玻璃成分的玻璃，可列舉出含氧和氟作為陰離子成分的玻璃。對於這種玻璃，可列舉出像下述這樣的玻璃。 The fluorine-containing glass used in the present invention refers to a glass containing F as a glass component, and examples thereof include glass containing oxygen and fluorine as an anion component. Examples of such a glass include glass as described below.
作為含氟玻璃，具有F-含量在10陰離子%至80陰離子%以上、而O2-含量在20陰離子%至90陰離子%以下的玻璃、F-含量在25陰離子%至80陰離子%以上、而O2-含量在20陰離子%至75陰離子%以下的玻璃等。含氟玻璃作為阿貝數ν d在62以上、尤其是在66以上的低分散性玻璃、或具有異常部分分散性的光學元件材料是有效的。 The fluorine-containing glass has a glass having an F - content of 10 to 80% by anion or more and an O 2 content of 20 to 80% by anion or less, and an F - content of 25 to 80% by anion or more. A glass having an O 2- content of from 20 anions to 75 anions % or less. The fluorine-containing glass is effective as a low-dispersion glass having an Abbe number ν d of 62 or more, particularly 66 or more, or an optical element material having an abnormal partial dispersibility.
共含95陰離子%以上的O2-和F-作為陰離子成分且F-的含量在0.1陰離子%以上的玻璃。 A glass containing 95% by anion or more of O 2 and F - as an anion component and having a F - content of 0.1 anion % or more.
下面，對採用本發明的玻璃成型體製造方法獲得的玻璃原材料的光學元件製造方法進行說明。 Next, a method of producing an optical element of a glass material obtained by the method for producing a glass molded body of the present invention will be described.
本發明的光學元件製造方法是通過上述方法製造玻璃原材料並對該玻璃原材料進行成型和/或加工製作光學元件的方法。 The optical element manufacturing method of the present invention is a method of producing a glass material by the above method and molding and/or processing the glass material to produce an optical element.
下面，對本發明的光學元件製造方法的實施方式進行說明。 Next, an embodiment of the optical element manufacturing method of the present invention will be described.
第一實施方式是通過上述方法製作玻璃成型體並對該玻璃成型體進行機械加工製作光學元件的光學元件製造方法。例如，通過對玻璃原材料實施切削、磨削、拋光等機械加工，從而可獲得球面透鏡等光學元件。 The first embodiment is an optical element manufacturing method in which a glass molded body is produced by the above method and the glass molded body is machined to produce an optical element. For example, an optical element such as a spherical lens can be obtained by subjecting a glass material to machining such as cutting, grinding, polishing, or the like.
第二實施方式是通過上述方法製作玻璃成型體並對該玻璃成型體進行機械加工製作壓制成型用玻璃原材料、加熱軟化該玻璃原材料後用成型模具進行壓制成型、即具有壓制成型製程的光學元件製造方法。 In the second embodiment, the glass molded body is produced by the above method, and the glass molded body is machined to produce a glass material for press molding, and the glass material is heated and softened, and then press molded by a molding die, that is, an optical component having a press forming process. method.
作為第二實施方式，具有通過壓制成型製程使近似於目標光學元件的形狀的光學元件坯料成型並對該坯料進行磨削、拋光製作光學元件的方法、和在壓制成型製程中對該玻璃原材料進行精密模壓成型來製作光學元件的方法。對於後者、也就是通過精密模壓成型來製作光學元件的方法，可列舉出採用成型面被賦予細緻的面形狀的成型模具並使玻璃原材料和成型模具一起加熱軟化進行壓制成型而將成型面的面形狀轉印到玻璃原材料來製作非球面透鏡等光學元件的方法(等溫加熱方式的精密模壓成型)、以及採用成型面被賦予細緻的面形狀的成型模具並預先對玻璃原材料和成型模具分別加熱、將軟化的玻璃原材料供應至成 型模具內後進行壓制成型而將成型面的面形狀轉印到玻璃原材料來製作非球面透鏡等光學元件的方法(非等溫加熱方式的精密模壓成型)等。 As a second embodiment, there is a method of molding an optical element blank that approximates a shape of a target optical element by a press forming process, grinding the same, polishing the optical element, and performing the glass raw material in a press forming process. A method of precision molding to fabricate optical components. In the latter, that is, a method of producing an optical element by precision press molding, a molding die in which a molding surface is given a fine surface shape is used, and a glass material and a molding die are heated and softened together to perform press molding to form a surface of the molding surface. A method of transferring an optical element such as an aspherical lens to a glass material (precision molding by isothermal heating), and a molding die in which a molding surface is given a fine surface shape, and heating the glass material and the molding die in advance. Supply softened glass raw materials to The inside of the mold is subjected to press molding, and the surface shape of the molding surface is transferred to a glass material to produce an optical element such as an aspherical lens (precision molding by a non-isothermal heating method).
通過上述方法，可製作諸如透鏡、棱鏡等各種光學元件。並且，作為透鏡的例子，可列舉出透鏡面為球面或非球面或其組合的凹彎月形透鏡、凸彎月形透鏡、雙凸透鏡、雙凹透鏡、平凸透鏡、平凹透鏡等各種透鏡。 Various optical elements such as lenses and prisms can be produced by the above method. Further, examples of the lens include various lenses such as a concave meniscus lens, a convex meniscus lens, a lenticular lens, a biconcave lens, a plano-convex lens, and a plano-concave lens in which the lens surface is a spherical surface or an aspheric surface or a combination thereof.
對於光學元件的表面，可根據需要塗覆防反射膜等、或進行倒角加工、定心加工。並且，為提高壓制時玻璃原材料的延伸性、或防止玻璃原材料與成型模具熔接，也可在成型模具的成型面成膜碳塗層等薄膜。可採用現有的已知方法作為成膜的方法，例如可列舉出濺射法、化學氣相沉積法(CVD)法等。 For the surface of the optical element, an anti-reflection film or the like may be applied as needed, or chamfering and centering processing may be performed. Further, in order to improve the elongation of the glass raw material at the time of pressing or to prevent the glass raw material from being welded to the molding die, a film such as a carbon coating layer may be formed on the molding surface of the molding die. A conventionally known method can be employed as the film forming method, and examples thereof include a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and the like.
下面，根據實施例對本發明進行進一步詳細的說明。本發明並不因這些例子而被限定。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail based on examples. The invention is not limited by these examples.
此外，在製造各例子中得到的玻璃成型體時是否產生了燒黏是通過目測來進行確認評價。 Further, whether or not the burnt was generated in the production of the glass molded body obtained in each of the examples was confirmed by visual inspection.
製作圖2所示的玻璃流出管10。各區域部的尺寸和溫度如下示。 The glass outflow pipe 10 shown in Fig. 2 was produced. The size and temperature of each area section are as follows.
熔融槽1(蓄積熔融玻璃的熔融槽)的溫度：1300℃；上游區域部2的管徑(內徑)：7.5mm、長度：650mm、溫度：1280℃；錐形管部3的溫度：1280℃；縮徑部4的管徑(內徑)：3.5mm、長度：350mm、溫度：1260℃；倒錐形管部5的溫度：1260℃；流出部(下游區域部)6的直徑： 7.5mm、長度：包含流出前端部7在內為250mm、溫度：1280℃；流出前端部7的直徑：7.5mm；管流出口8的熔融玻璃溫度：1280℃。 The temperature of the melting tank 1 (melting tank in which the molten glass is accumulated): 1300 ° C; the diameter (inner diameter) of the upstream region 2: 7.5 mm, length: 650 mm, temperature: 1280 ° C; temperature of the tapered tube portion 3: 1280 °C; diameter (inner diameter) of the reduced diameter portion 4: 3.5 mm, length: 350 mm, temperature: 1260 ° C; temperature of the inverted tapered tube portion 5: 1260 ° C; diameter of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) 6: 7.5 mm, length: 250 mm including the outflow front end portion 7, temperature: 1280 ° C; diameter of the outflow front end portion 7: 7.5 mm; molten glass temperature of the tube outlet 8 : 1280 ° C.
採用所述玻璃流出管10，使下述玻璃A的熔融液以120 g/cm3的流量流動來製造玻璃成型體。此時，既沒有看到與玻璃的鑄模的燒黏，也沒有看到鑄模的損耗、劣化。 Using the glass outflow pipe 10, the melt of the glass A described below was flowed at a flow rate of 120 g/cm 3 to produce a glass molded body. At this time, neither the burning of the mold with the glass nor the loss or deterioration of the mold was observed.
此外，流出部(下游區域部)的管徑D2與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(D2/D1)為2.5，流出部(下游區域部)的管長L2與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(L2/D1)為83.3，流出部(下游區域部)的管長L2與流出部(下游區域部)的管徑D2的比(L2/D2)為33.3，縮徑部的管長L1與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(L1/D1)為100。 Further, the ratio (D2/D1) of the pipe diameter D2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) to the pipe diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion is 2.5, and the pipe length L2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) and the pipe diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion are The ratio (L2/D1) is 83.3, and the ratio (L2/D2) of the tube length L2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) to the tube diameter D2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) is 33.3, and the tube length L1 and the diameter of the reduced diameter portion are reduced. The ratio (L1/D1) of the pipe diameter D1 is 100.
本實施例中採用的玻璃A的特性如下。採用了滿足上述條件(1)~(5)的含硼酸鑭的玻璃。 The characteristics of the glass A used in this embodiment are as follows. A glass containing barium borate satisfying the above conditions (1) to (5) is used.
比重：5.42 Proportion: 5.42
密度ρ：5.42 g/cm3 Density ρ: 5.42 g/cm 3
流出黏度：0.23Pa‧s Outflow viscosity: 0.23Pa‧s
折射率(nd)：1.88300 Refractive index (nd): 1.88300
阿貝數(ν d)：40.80 Abbe number (ν d): 40.80
液相溫度：1240℃ Liquid phase temperature: 1240 ° C
液相溫度下的黏度μ：0.27Pa‧s Viscosity at liquidus temperature μ: 0.27Pa‧s
運動黏度ν：0.50 cm2/s Kinematic viscosity ν: 0.50 cm 2 /s
製作圖2所示形狀的玻璃流出管10。採用在全長2000mm的玻璃流出管10中將內徑4mm、長度500mm的 縮徑部設置在中游區域並在其下游具有直徑7mm、長度300mm的流出部的結構的流出管，在流量200 mm2/min、流出黏度0.30Pa‧s的條件下使下述玻璃B連續成型為15mm厚的棒狀，既沒有看到與鑄模的燒黏，也沒有看到鑄模的損耗、劣化。需要說明的是，上游區域的管徑(內徑)設為8mm。 A glass outflow tube 10 having the shape shown in Fig. 2 was produced. An outflow pipe having a reduced diameter portion having an inner diameter of 4 mm and a length of 500 mm in the midstream region and having an outflow portion having a diameter of 7 mm and a length of 300 mm downstream of the glass outflow pipe 10 having a total length of 2000 mm was used at a flow rate of 200 mm 2 / The following glass B was continuously molded into a rod shape of 15 mm thick under the condition of an outflow viscosity of 0.30 Pa·s, and neither the burning of the mold nor the loss or deterioration of the mold was observed. It should be noted that the pipe diameter (inner diameter) of the upstream region was set to 8 mm.
此外，流出部(下游區域部)的管徑D2與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(D2/D1)為1.75，流出部(下游區域部)的管長L2與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(L2/D1)為75.00，流出部(下游區域部)的管長L2與流出部(下游區域部)的管徑D2的比(L2/D2)為42.86，縮徑部的管長L1與縮徑部的管徑D1的比(L1/D1)為125。 Further, the ratio (D2/D1) of the pipe diameter D2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) to the pipe diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion is 1.75, and the pipe length L2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) and the pipe diameter D1 of the reduced diameter portion are The ratio (L2/D1) is 75.00, and the ratio (L2/D2) of the tube length L2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) to the tube diameter D2 of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) is 42.86, and the tube length L1 and the diameter of the reduced diameter portion are reduced. The ratio (L1/D1) of the pipe diameter D1 is 125.
本實施例中採用的玻璃B的特性如下。本實施例中與上述實施例同樣，也採用了滿足上述條件(1)~(5)的含硼酸鑭的玻璃。 The characteristics of the glass B used in this embodiment are as follows. In the present embodiment, as in the above-described embodiment, a glass containing barium borate satisfying the above conditions (1) to (5) is also used.
比重：4.73 Proportion: 4.73
密度ρ：4.73 g/cm3 Density ρ: 4.73 g/cm 3
流出黏度：0.37Pa‧s Outflow viscosity: 0.37Pa‧s
折射率(nd)：1.83481 Refractive index (nd): 1.83481
阿貝數(ν d)：42.72 Abbe number (ν d): 42.72
液相溫度：1130℃ Liquid phase temperature: 1130 ° C
液相溫度下的黏度μ：0.32Pa‧s Viscosity at liquidus temperature μ: 0.32Pa‧s
運動黏度μ：0.68 cm2/s Kinematic viscosity μ: 0.68 cm 2 /s
如圖3所示，本實施例中製作與上述實施例中的玻璃 流出管10不同結構的玻璃流出管30。各區域部的尺寸及溫度如下示。 As shown in FIG. 3, the glass in the above embodiment is fabricated in the embodiment. Outflow tube 10 has a different structure of glass outflow tube 30. The dimensions and temperatures of the respective area sections are as follows.
熔融槽31的溫度：1300℃；上游區域縮徑部32的管徑(內徑)：4mm、長度：1250mm、溫度：1270℃；倒錐形管部33的溫度：1270℃；流出部(下游區域部)34的內徑：8.5mm、長度：包含流出前端部35在內為250mm、溫度：1280℃；流出前端部35的直徑：8.5mm；管流出口38的熔融玻璃溫度：1280℃。 The temperature of the melting tank 31 is 1300 ° C; the diameter (inner diameter) of the diameter reducing portion 32 of the upstream region: 4 mm, the length: 1250 mm, the temperature: 1270 ° C; the temperature of the inverted tapered tube portion 33: 1270 ° C; the outflow portion (downstream) The inner diameter of the area portion 34 is 8.5 mm, the length is 250 mm including the outflow front end portion 35, the temperature is 1280 ° C, the diameter of the outflow front end portion 35 is 8.5 mm, and the molten glass temperature of the tube outflow port 38 is 1280 ° C.
本實施例中採用玻璃流出管30，使上述玻璃B的熔融液以120cm3/min的流量流動來製造玻璃成型體。此時，既沒有看到與鑄模的燒黏，也沒有看到鑄模的損耗、劣化。在上述實施例1~3中，借助上述結構，通過流速降低效果、流速分佈減少效果、位點擴大效果，能夠減少揮發變質的表面部分進入成型體內部，並能高效、穩定地生產光學均質的玻璃成型體。 In the present embodiment, a glass outflow pipe 30 was used, and the melt of the glass B was flowed at a flow rate of 120 cm 3 /min to produce a glass molded body. At this time, neither the burning of the mold nor the loss or deterioration of the mold was observed. In the above-described first to third embodiments, the flow velocity reduction effect, the flow velocity distribution reducing effect, and the site expansion effect can reduce the surface portion of the volatilized surface into the molded body by the above-described configuration, and can efficiently and stably produce optically homogeneous. Glass molded body.
在本發明中，採用上述實施例1~3中獲得的玻璃成型體，通過上述方法(第一實施方式和第二實施方式)獲得光學元件。 In the present invention, the optical element obtained by the above methods (the first embodiment and the second embodiment) is obtained by using the glass molded body obtained in the above Examples 1 to 3.
製作圖1所示的玻璃流出管20。各區域部的尺寸和溫度如下示。 The glass outflow tube 20 shown in Fig. 1 was produced. The size and temperature of each area section are as follows.
熔融槽1的溫度：1300℃；位於縮徑部上游側的上游區域部12的管徑(內徑)：7.5mm、長度：950mm、溫度：1285℃；錐形管部13的溫度：1285℃；縮徑部14的管徑：3.0mm、長度：包含流出前端部15在內為350mm、溫度：1255℃；流出前端部15的溫度：1230℃；流出前端部15 的流出口16的管徑：3.0mm。 The temperature of the melting tank 1 is 1300 ° C; the diameter (inner diameter) of the upstream region portion 12 located on the upstream side of the reduced diameter portion: 7.5 mm, length: 950 mm, temperature: 1285 ° C; temperature of the tapered tube portion 13: 1285 ° C The diameter of the reduced diameter portion 14 is 3.0 mm, the length is 350 mm including the outflow end portion 15, the temperature is 1255 ° C, the temperature of the front end portion 15 is 1230 ° C, and the front end portion 15 is discharged. The diameter of the outlet 16 is 3.0 mm.
採用所述玻璃流出管20，使上述玻璃A的熔融液以120cm3/min的流量流動來製造玻璃成型體。此時，在得到的玻璃成型體上發生了燒黏。 The glass outflow pipe 20 was used to flow the melt of the glass A at a flow rate of 120 cm 3 /min to produce a glass molded body. At this time, burning occurred on the obtained glass molded body.
製作圖1所示的玻璃流出管20。各區域部的尺寸等如下示。 The glass outflow tube 20 shown in Fig. 1 was produced. The dimensions and the like of each area section are as follows.
採用全長為2000mm、從上游至下游具有管徑(內徑)8mm且長度1200mm的區域、管徑(內徑)7mm且長度300mm的區域、以及直徑4mm且長度500mm的流出部的結構的流出管，在流量200 cm3/min、流出黏度0.3Pa‧s的條件下使比重為4.7的高折射率系玻璃(上述玻璃B)連續成型為15mm厚的棒狀，在得到的玻璃成型體上產生了燒黏，為次品。 An outflow pipe having a structure of a pipe diameter (inner diameter) of 8 mm and a length of 1200 mm, a pipe diameter (inner diameter) of 7 mm and a length of 300 mm, and an outflow portion having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 500 mm from the upstream to the downstream of 2000 mm. The high refractive index glass (the above-mentioned glass B) having a specific gravity of 4.7 was continuously molded into a rod shape of 15 mm thick at a flow rate of 200 cm 3 /min and an outflow viscosity of 0.3 Pa·s, and was produced on the obtained glass molded body. Burnt, it is a defective product.
製作圖1所示的玻璃流出管20。各區域部的尺寸等如下示。 The glass outflow tube 20 shown in Fig. 1 was produced. The dimensions and the like of each area section are as follows.
採用全長為2000mm、在距流出前端80mm的位置處設有內徑為4mm而長度為40mm的縮徑部、且在其下游呈錐形狀連續擴大為流出部直徑為7mm的結構的流出管，在流量200 cm3/min、流出黏度0.3Pa‧s的條件下使比重為4.7的高折射率系玻璃(上述玻璃B)連續成型為15mm厚的棒狀，在得到的玻璃成型體上產生了燒黏。 An outflow pipe having a structure having an inner diameter of 4 mm and a length of 40 mm and having a tapered shape continuously expanding to an outlet portion having a diameter of 7 mm is provided at a position of 2000 mm from the front end of the outflow at a distance of 2000 mm. A high-refractive-index glass (the above-mentioned glass B) having a specific gravity of 4.7 was continuously molded into a rod shape of 15 mm thick under a flow rate of 200 cm 3 /min and an outflow viscosity of 0.3 Pa·s, and a burnt was produced on the obtained glass molded body. sticky.
需要說明的是，在上述實施例中列出了流出黏度為0.23Pa‧s和0.30Pa‧s的例子，但並不局限於此。流出黏度優選在0.1Pa‧s~0.5Pa‧s的範圍，更優選在0.2Pa‧s ~0.4Pa‧s的範圍。 It should be noted that the examples in which the outflow viscosity is 0.23 Pa‧s and 0.30 Pa‧s are listed in the above embodiment, but are not limited thereto. The outflow viscosity is preferably in the range of 0.1 Pa ‧ s to 0.5 Pa s, more preferably 0.2 Pa ‧ s The range of ~0.4Pa‧s.
並且，在上述實施例中列出了熔融玻璃從上游區域部流向縮徑部後再流入流出部(下游區域部)的例子、以及從縮徑部流入流出部(下游區域部)的例子，但並不局限於此，縮徑部位於流出部(下游區域部)的上游且管直徑小於流出部(下游區域部)的管直徑並使之能控制熔融玻璃的流出速度、流出分佈即可。也就是說，從縮徑部流向流出部(下游區域部)即可。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the molten glass flows from the upstream region portion to the reduced diameter portion and then flows into the outflow portion (downstream region portion) and an example in which the molten glass flows into the outflow portion (downstream region portion) from the reduced diameter portion is described. The diameter reducing portion is located upstream of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) and the tube diameter is smaller than the diameter of the tube of the outflow portion (downstream region portion) so as to control the outflow speed and the outflow distribution of the molten glass. In other words, it is sufficient to flow from the reduced diameter portion to the outflow portion (downstream region portion).
此外，列出了縮徑部設於玻璃流出管中管徑最小的部位的例子，但如上所述，並不局限於此，也可以將縮徑部設置在管徑第二小的部位或管徑更大的部位。這時，進行縮徑部的溫度控制，優選縮徑部的流量調整功能高於管徑小的部位。對於將流量調整功能設定在管內的哪個部位，可考慮到熔融玻璃的組成、黏度、流出量、管直徑/尺寸，控制溫度調整單元來確定。 Further, although the example in which the reduced diameter portion is provided in the portion where the diameter of the glass outflow pipe is the smallest, the above is not limited thereto, and the reduced diameter portion may be provided in the portion or tube having the second smallest diameter. A larger part. At this time, the temperature control of the reduced diameter portion is performed, and it is preferable that the flow rate adjustment function of the reduced diameter portion is higher than the portion having a small diameter. For which part of the tube the flow adjustment function is set, the composition, viscosity, outflow amount, and tube diameter/size of the molten glass can be determined by controlling the temperature adjustment unit.
通過本發明的玻璃成型體製造方法、以及採用通過該方法獲得的玻璃成型體來製造光學透鏡等光學元件的光學元件製造方法，從而可用穩定性低(易結晶)的玻璃、高比重高折射率的玻璃等來獲得高均質、高品質的玻璃成型體及光學元件。 According to the method for producing a glass molded body of the present invention and the method for producing an optical element using an optical element such as an optical lens by using the glass molded body obtained by the method, a glass having low stability (easy crystallizing), a high specific gravity and a high refractive index can be used. Glass or the like to obtain a highly homogeneous, high-quality glass molded body and an optical element.
1、11、31‧‧‧熔融槽 1, 11, 31‧‧ ‧ melting tank
2、12‧‧‧上游區域部 2. 12‧‧‧Upstream Area Department
3、13‧‧‧錐形管部 3, 13‧‧‧ Conical tube
4、14、32‧‧‧縮徑部 4, 14, 32‧‧ ‧ reduced diameter
5、33‧‧‧倒錐形管部 5, 33‧‧‧ inverted tapered tube
6、34‧‧‧流出部(下游區域部) 6, 34‧‧‧ outflow department (downstream area department)
7、15、35‧‧‧流出前端部 7, 15, ‧ ‧ ‧ outflow front end
8、16‧‧‧管流出口(流出口) 8, 16‧‧ ‧ tube outlet (flow outlet)
10‧‧‧玻璃流出管 10‧‧‧glass outflow tube
20‧‧‧現有的玻璃流出管 20‧‧‧ Existing glass outflow tube
30‧‧‧玻璃流出管 30‧‧‧glass outflow tube
圖1是現有技術的玻璃流出管的一例結構的說明圖。 Fig. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a structure of a conventional glass outflow pipe.
圖2是本發明採用的玻璃流出管的一例結構的說明圖。 Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of the structure of a glass outflow pipe used in the present invention.
圖3是本發明採用的玻璃流出管的另一例結構的說明圖。 Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing another example of the structure of the glass outflow pipe used in the present invention.
1‧‧‧熔融槽 1‧‧‧melting tank
2‧‧‧上游區域部 2‧‧‧Upstream Area Department
3‧‧‧錐形管部 3‧‧‧Conical tube
4‧‧‧縮徑部 4‧‧‧Reducing section
5‧‧‧倒錐形管部 5‧‧‧Inverted tapered tube
6‧‧‧流出部(下游區域部) 6‧‧‧Outflow Department (downstream area)
7‧‧‧流出前端部 7‧‧‧ outflow front end
8‧‧‧管流出口(流出口) 8‧‧‧Tubing outlet (outflow)
10‧‧‧玻璃流出管 10‧‧‧glass outflow tube
Claims (8)
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| JP2011223198A JP5438084B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Manufacturing method of glass molded body, and manufacturing method of optical element using the glass molded body |
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| CN108395075B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-05-22 | 湖北新华光信息材料有限公司 | Forming material pipe for inhibiting volatilization of glass components and forming method |
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| JP3862589B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2006-12-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | Optical glass outflow device and method of manufacturing optical glass block |
| CN100387534C (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2008-05-14 | Hoya株式会社 | Glass discharge tube, glass shaping body and optical element production |
| JP4313753B2 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2009-08-12 | Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 | Glass molded body, optical element manufacturing method, molten glass outflow apparatus, and glass molded body manufacturing apparatus |
| JP4711171B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Sheet glass manufacturing apparatus and sheet glass manufacturing method |
| JP2009096684A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-05-07 | Ohara Inc | Flow passage for flowing-out molten glass |
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