TWI592727B - Pixel structure and driving method - Google Patents

Description

Pixel structure and driving method

The present disclosure is a display technology, and in particular, relates to a pixel structure and driving method.

In the anti-spying technology of the liquid crystal display, a fixed voltage is applied to the filter electrode, and a vertical electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode to change the liquid crystal angle, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle display effect. However, when a fixed voltage is applied to each column of the filter electrodes, the time for writing data of each column of pixels in the display is different due to the one-by-one scanning of the pixels, so that the brightness integration time is different, resulting in uneven brightness of the display screen. The problem.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a pixel structure including a first gate line, a first data line, a second data line, a first pixel unit, and a counter electrode. The first gate line extends in the first direction, and the first data line and the second data line extend in the second direction, and the second direction is different from the first direction. The first pixel unit is disposed between the first gate line, the first data line and the second data line, and the first pixel unit includes a first pixel electrode, a first common electrode, and a first switching element and a second switching element. The first common electrode is disposed opposite to the first pixel electrode, and the opposite electrode is disposed opposite to the first pixel electrode. The first switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end. The first switching element is electrically coupled to the first gate line, the first end of the first switching element is electrically coupled to the first data line, and the second end of the first switching element is electrically coupled to the first pixel electrode. The second switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end. The first end of the second switching element is electrically coupled to the second data line, and the second end of the second switching element is electrically coupled to the first common electrode.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a driving method suitable for a pixel structure. The pixel structure includes a pixel unit and a counter electrode, and the pixel unit includes a pixel electrode, a common electrode, a first switching element, and a second switching element. The driver method consists of the following steps. During the first period, the first switching element is turned on to provide the first signal to the pixel electrode, and the second switching element is turned on to provide the second signal to the common electrode, and the display mode of the pixel structure is a narrow viewing angle mode, wherein The electrode is at a fixed potential.

In this way, the present disclosure can simultaneously switch the polarity through the pixel electrode of the pixel unit and the common electrode in the narrow viewing angle mode to improve the brightness unevenness of the pixel unit of the prior art due to the difference in integration time. In addition, the present disclosure can be integrated into the original pixel structure process without additional masks and process steps, so that the display effect of the pixel structure in the narrow viewing angle mode can be effectively improved without increasing the manufacturing cost. .

The above description will be described in detail in the following embodiments, and further explanation of the technical solutions of the present disclosure is provided.

100, 200, 300‧‧‧ pixel structure

110~180, 210~280, 310~380‧‧‧ pixel units

Gn, Gn-1~Gn+4‧‧‧ gate line

D1~D5‧‧‧ data line

Tp1~Tp8, Tc1~Tc8‧‧‧ switching components

P1, c1‧‧‧ first end

P2, c2‧‧‧ second end

P3, c3‧‧‧ control terminal

GND‧‧‧ ground terminal

R1‧‧‧ first direction

R2‧‧‧ second direction

410‧‧‧Common electrode

420‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

430‧‧‧ opposite electrode

440‧‧‧Liquid layer

450‧‧‧Insulation

E‧‧‧ electric field

During the period of T11, T12, T21 and T22‧‧

Sig11, Sig12, Sig21, Sig22, Sig3‧‧‧ signals

△V‧‧‧potential difference

The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent and understood. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a pixel structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a pixel structure of an embodiment of the disclosure; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the disclosure. A schematic cross-sectional view of a pixel structure; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a first signal and a second signal in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or features for carrying out the invention. The disclosure may repeatedly recite numerical symbols and/or letters in the various examples, which are for simplicity and elaboration, and do not in themselves specify the relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations in the following discussion.

In the scope of the embodiments and claims, "one" and "the" may mean a single or plural unless the context specifically dictates the articles. It will be further understood that the terms "comprising", "comprising", "comprising", and "the" Its place Or one or more of its other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be either directly connected or coupled to the other element or an additional element. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, no additional element is present.

As used herein, "about", "about" or "approximately" is generally within an error or range of about 20% of the index value, preferably within about 10%, and more preferably It is about five percent. Unless otherwise stated, the numerical values referred to are regarded as approximations, that is, the errors or ranges indicated by "about", "about" or "approximately".

Please refer to Figures 1 and 4. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the pixel structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure. The pixel structure 100 includes gate lines Gn-1 to Gn+4, data lines D1 to D5, pixel units 110 to 180, and a counter electrode 430. The gate lines Gn-1 to Gn+4 extend in the first direction R1, the data lines D1 to D5 extend in the second direction R2, and the second direction R2 is different from the first direction R1. In some embodiments, the counter electrode 430 (eg, the filter common electrode) is a full-face conductive layer (eg, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)).

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 1 , the switch units Tp1 to Tp8 are respectively used to provide the pixel electrodes of the signal to the pixel units 110 to 180, and the switch units Tc1 to Tc8 are respectively provided for the signal to the pixel unit 110~ 180 total Use an electrode. The internal structure of the pixel units 110, 130, 160, and 180 is similar. The pixel unit 110 is illustrated as an example. The pixel unit 110 is disposed between the gate lines Gn and Gn+1 and the data lines D1 and D2, and includes a picture. The element electrode 420, the common electrode 410, the switching element Tp1, and the switching element Tc1. As shown in FIG. 4, the common electrode 410 is disposed opposite to the pixel electrode 420 and separated by an insulating layer 450, and the opposite electrode 430 is disposed opposite to the pixel electrode 420 and separated by the liquid crystal layer 440. The switching element Tp1 has a control terminal p3, a first terminal p1 and a second terminal p2. The control terminal p3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn. The first terminal p1 is electrically coupled to the data line D1, and the second terminal p2 is electrically coupled. The pixel electrode 420 (the capacitance of the pixel electrode is coupled to the capacitance between the second terminal p2 and the ground GND as shown in FIG. 1), and the data is transmitted when the gate line Gn transmits the enable signal to turn on the switching element Tp1. The signal of line D1 is transmitted to the pixel electrode 420. On the other hand, the switching element Tc1 has a control terminal c3, a first terminal c1 and a second terminal c2. The control terminal c3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+1. The first terminal c1 is electrically coupled to the data line D2, and the second The terminal c2 is electrically coupled to the common electrode 410 (such as the capacitor coupled between the second terminal c2 and the ground GND in FIG. 1) to transmit the enable signal when the gate line Gn+1 transmits the switching element Tc1. The signal of line D2 is transmitted to the common electrode 410.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pixel electrode 420 is located between the counter electrode 430 and the common electrode 410. In another embodiment, the positions of the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes are interchangeable, that is, the common electrode 420 is located between the opposite electrode 430 and the pixel electrode 410.

The following describes the internal structure of the pixel units 120, 140, 150, 170 of the adjacent pixel units 110, 130, 160, 180, the pixel unit 120, The internal structure of 140, 150, and 170 is similar. Taking the pixel unit 120 as an example, the pixel unit 120 is adjacent to the pixel unit 110 in the first direction, and the pixel unit 120 is disposed on the gate line Gn, Gn+1 and the data. Between the lines D2 and D3, and including a pixel electrode (the pixel electrode 420 having a cross-sectional structure similar to the pixel unit 110), a common electrode (the common electrode 410 having a cross-sectional structure similar to the pixel unit 110), the switching element Tp2, and the switching element Tc2 The common electrode is disposed opposite to the pixel electrode. The switching element Tp2 has a control terminal p3, a first terminal p1 and a second terminal p2. The control terminal p3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+1. The first terminal p1 is electrically coupled to the data line D3, and the second terminal p2 is electrically connected. The pixel electrode coupled to the pixel unit 120 transmits the signal of the data line D3 to the pixel electrode of the pixel unit 120 when the enable signal is transmitted on the gate line Gn+1 to turn on the switching element Tp2. The switching element Tc2 has a control end c3, a first end c1 and a second end c2. The control end c3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn. The first end c1 is electrically coupled to the data line D2, and the second end c2 is electrically coupled. The common electrode of the pixel unit 120 transmits the signal of the data line D2 to the common electrode of the pixel unit 120 when the enable signal is transmitted on the gate line Gn to turn on the switching element Tc2.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 1 , the data line D1 is coupled to the switch units Tp1 and Tc5 , so that the data line D1 can be provided during the period in which the switch unit Tp1 is turned on (that is, during the period in which the gate line Gn transmits the enable signal). The signal is connected to the pixel electrode of the pixel unit 110, and the signal is supplied to the common electrode of the pixel unit 150 during the period in which the switching unit Tc5 is turned on (that is, the period during which the gate line Gn+2 transmits the enable signal). The data lines D2 to D5 are also the same and will not be repeated here.

To illustrate the different configurations of the pixel units, please refer to Figure 2. As shown in FIG. 2, within the pixel structure 200, the pixel units 210, 230, The internal structure of 250, 270 is similar to the pixel unit 110 of Fig. 1, and the internal structure of the pixel units 220, 240, 260, 280 is similar to the pixel unit 120 of Fig. 1. In short, along the second direction R2, the adjacent pixel units 110 in the first figure are the pixel units 150 of different internal structures, and the adjacent pixel units 210 in the second figure are the same internal structure. Element unit 250. Specifically, the switching units Tp5, Tc5 of the pixel unit 150 are connected in a different manner from the switching units Tp5, Tc5 of the pixel unit 250. As shown in FIG. 1, in the pixel unit 150 disposed between the gate lines Gn+2, Gn+2 and the data lines D1 and D2, the switching element Tp5 has a control terminal p3, a first terminal p1, and a second terminal. P2, the control terminal p3 of the switching element Tp5 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+3, the first end p1 of the switching element Tp5 is electrically coupled to the data line D2, and the second end p2 of the switching element Tp5 is electrically coupled to the pixel The pixel electrode of the unit 150 (the cross-sectional structure is similar to the pixel electrode 420 of the pixel unit 110) transmits the signal of the data line D2 to the pixel unit 150 when the enable signal is transmitted on the gate line Gn+3 to turn on the switching element Tp5. The pixel electrode. The switching element Tc5 has a control terminal c3, a first terminal c1 and a second terminal c2. The control terminal c3 of the switching component Tc5 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+2, and the first end c1 of the switching component Tc5 is electrically coupled to the data line. D1, the second end c2 of the switching element Tc5 is electrically coupled to the common electrode of the pixel unit 150 (the cross-sectional structure is similar to the common electrode 410 of the pixel unit 110) to transmit the enable signal to the gate line Gn+2 so that the switching element Tc5 When turned on, the signal of the data line D1 is transmitted to the common electrode of the pixel unit 150.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, in the pixel unit 250, the switching element Tp5 has a control terminal p3, a first terminal p1 and a second terminal p2, and the control terminal p3 of the switching component Tp5 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn. +2, switching element Tp5 The first end p1 is electrically coupled to the data line D1, and the second end p2 of the switching element Tp5 is electrically coupled to the pixel electrode of the pixel unit 250 (the cross-sectional structure is similar to the pixel electrode 420 of the pixel unit 110). The polarity line Gn+2 transmits the enable signal to transmit the signal of the data line D1 to the pixel element of the pixel unit 250 when the switching element Tp5 is turned on. The switching element Tc5 has a control terminal c3, a first terminal c1 and a second terminal c2. The control terminal c3 of the switching component Tc5 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+3, and the first end c1 of the switching component Tc5 is electrically coupled to the data line. D2, the second end c2 of the switching element Tc5 is electrically coupled to the common electrode of the pixel unit 250 (the cross-sectional structure is similar to the common electrode 410 of the pixel unit 110) to transmit the enable signal to the gate line Gn+3 so that the switching element Tc5 When turned on, the signal of the data line D2 is transmitted to the common electrode of the pixel unit 250.

To illustrate pixel units with different internal structures, please refer to Figure 3. In the pixel structure 300, the internal structures of the pixel units 310, 330, 350, and 370 are similar, and the pixel unit 310 is taken as an example for illustration. The pixel unit 310 is disposed between the gate lines Gn and Gn+1 and the data lines D1 and D2. Different from the pixel unit 110, the control terminal c3 of the switching element Tc1 of the pixel unit 310 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn. The remaining connection manners of the switching element Tp1 and the switching element Tc1 of the pixel unit 310 are similar to the switching element Tp1 and the switching element Tc1 of the pixel unit 110, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.

The internal structure of the pixel units 320, 340, 360, 380 is similar, and the pixel unit 320 is taken as an example for illustration. The pixel unit 320 is disposed between the gate lines Gn and Gn+1 and the data lines D2 and D3. The pixel unit 320 includes a pixel electrode (a pixel electrode 420 having a cross-sectional structure similar to the pixel unit 110) and a common electrode (section The common electrode 410) of the structure similar to the pixel unit 110, the switch The element Tp2 and the switching element Tc2 are disposed opposite to the pixel electrode. The switching element Tp2 has a control terminal p3, a first terminal p1 and a second terminal p2. The control terminal p3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+1. The first terminal p1 is electrically coupled to the data line D2, and the second terminal p2 is electrically connected. The pixel electrode coupled to the pixel unit 320 transmits the signal of the data line D2 to the pixel electrode of the pixel unit 320 when the enable signal is transmitted by the gate line Gn+1 to turn on the switching element Tp2. The switching element Tc2 has a control end c3, a first end c1 and a second end c2. The control end c3 is electrically coupled to the gate line Gn+1. The first end c1 is electrically coupled to the data line D3, and the second end c2 is electrically connected. The common electrode of the pixel unit 320 is coupled to transmit the enable signal to the gate line Gn+1 to transmit the signal of the data line D3 to the common electrode of the pixel unit 320 when the switching element Tc2 is turned on.

The driving method of the pixel structures 100, 200, and 300 will be described below. Taking the pixel units 110, 210, and 310 as an example, as shown in FIG. 5, during the period T21 to T22, the switching element Tp1 is turned on to supply the first signal Sig11 of the data line D1 to the pixel electrode, and the switching element is turned on. Tc1 provides the second signal Sig12 of the data line D2 (as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 5) to the common electrode, so the display mode of the pixel structure 100, 200, 300 is a narrow viewing angle mode. It should be noted that, during the period T21~T22, the pixel electrodes transmitted to the pixel units 110, 210, and 310 and the first signal Sig11 and the second signal Sig12 of the common electrode simultaneously switch polarity, and the signal Sig3 received by the opposite electrode 430 At a fixed potential (for example, the ground GND potential), a vertical electric field E is formed between the common electrodes of the pixel units 110, 210, and 310, so that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 440 change the angle, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle display effect. In addition, pixel units of adjacent pixel units 110, 210, 310 (eg, pixel units) 150, 220, 320) can drive the pixel electrode through the first signal Sig21 having different polarity from the first signal Sig11, and drive the common electrode through the second signal Sig22 of different polarity from the second signal Sig12. Therefore, a vertical electric field E is also formed between the common electrode and the counter electrode to achieve a narrow viewing angle display effect.

The following is a description of the wide viewing angle mode of the pixel structures 100, 200, and 300. During the period T11~T12, the switching element Tp1 is turned on to supply the signal Sig11 of the data line D1 to the pixel electrode, and the switching element Tc1 is turned on to turn the signal of the data line D2. Sig12 is provided to the common electrode, and the display mode of the pixel structures 100, 200, and 300 is a wide viewing angle mode. It should be noted that the signal Sig3 received by the counter electrode 430 and the signal Sig12 received by the common electrode are at a fixed potential, and the potential of the pixel electrode and the potential of the common electrode are maintained at a fixed potential difference ΔV. Similarly, the pixel units (eg, pixel units 150, 220, 320) of the adjacent pixel units 110, 210, and 310 can drive their pixel electrodes through the first signal Sig21 having a different polarity from the first signal Sig11.

In this way, the present disclosure can simultaneously switch the polarity through the pixel electrode of the pixel unit and the common electrode in the narrow viewing angle mode to improve the brightness unevenness of the pixel unit of the prior art due to the difference in integration time. In addition, the present disclosure can be integrated into the original pixel structure process without additional masks and process steps, so that the display effect of the pixel structure in the narrow viewing angle mode can be effectively improved without increasing the manufacturing cost. .

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present case. Anyone skilled in the art can make various changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the case. Therefore, the scope of protection of this case is considered. The scope defined in the patent application is subject to change.

100‧‧‧ pixel structure

110~180‧‧‧ pixel unit

Gn, Gn-1~Gn+4‧‧‧ gate line

D1~D5‧‧‧ data line

Tp1~Tp8, Tc1~Tc8‧‧‧ switching components

P1, c1‧‧‧ first end

P2, c2‧‧‧ second end

P3, c3‧‧‧ control terminal

GND‧‧‧ ground terminal

R1‧‧‧ first direction

R2‧‧‧ second direction

Claims (13)

A pixel structure includes: a first gate line extending along a first direction; a second gate line extending along the first direction; and a first data line extending along a second direction, wherein The second direction is different from the first direction; a second data line extending along the second direction; a first pixel unit disposed on the first gate line, the first data line and the second data line The first pixel unit includes: a first pixel electrode; a first common electrode disposed opposite to the first pixel electrode; a first switching element having a control end, a first end, and a first end, the control end of the first switching element is electrically coupled to the first gate line, the first end of the first switching element is electrically coupled to the first data line, the first switching element The second end is electrically coupled to the first pixel electrode; and the second switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end, and the control end of the second switching element is electrically coupled The first gate line or the second gate line, the first end of the second switching element is electrically coupled A second data line, the second terminal of the second switch is electrically coupled to the first element of the common electrode; and a counter electrode, the first pixel electrode disposed opposite. The pixel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second The control terminal of the switching element is electrically coupled to the first gate line. The pixel structure of claim 2, further comprising: a third data line extending along the second direction; and a second pixel unit disposed on the first gate line and the second gate line Between the second data line and the third data line, wherein the second pixel unit comprises: a second pixel electrode; a second common electrode disposed opposite to the second pixel electrode; The switching element has a control end, a first end and a second end, the control end of the third switching element is electrically coupled to the second gate line, and the first end of the third switching element is electrically coupled Connected to the second data line, the second end of the third switching element is electrically coupled to the second pixel electrode; and the fourth switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end, The control terminal of the fourth switching element is electrically coupled to the second gate line, the first end of the fourth switching element is electrically coupled to the third data line, and the second end of the fourth switching element is electrically The second common electrode is coupled to the second common electrode. The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the control terminal of the second switching element is electrically coupled to the second gate line. The pixel structure as claimed in claim 4 further includes: a third data line extending along the second direction; and a second pixel unit disposed between the first gate line, the second gate line, the second data line, and the third data line The second pixel unit includes: a second pixel electrode; a second common electrode disposed opposite the second pixel electrode; a third switching element having a control end, a first end, and a first The second end of the third switching element is electrically coupled to the second gate line, the first end of the third switching element is electrically coupled to the second data line, and the third switching element is The second end is electrically coupled to the second pixel electrode; and the fourth switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end, and the control end of the fourth switching element is electrically coupled to the first end The first end of the fourth switching element is electrically coupled to the third data line, and the second end of the fourth switching element is electrically coupled to the second common electrode. The pixel structure of claim 5, further comprising: a third gate line extending along the first direction; a fourth gate line extending along the first direction; and a third pixel unit, The third pixel unit is disposed between the third gate line, the fourth gate line, the first data line and the second data line, wherein the third pixel unit comprises: a third pixel electrode; a third common electrode is disposed opposite to the third pixel electrode; a fifth switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end, the control end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the a fourth gate line, the first end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the second data line, the second end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the third pixel electrode; The sixth switching element has a control end, a first end and a second end, the control end of the sixth switching element is electrically coupled to the third gate line, and the first end of the sixth switching element is electrically The first data line is coupled to the first data line, and the second end of the sixth switching element is electrically coupled to the third common electrode. The pixel structure of claim 5, further comprising: a third gate line extending along the first direction; a fourth gate line extending along the first direction; and a third pixel unit, And disposed between the third gate line, the fourth gate line, the first data line and the second data line, wherein the third pixel unit comprises: a third pixel electrode; a third sharing An electrode is disposed opposite to the third pixel electrode; a fifth switching element has a control end, a first end, and a second end, wherein the control end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the third gate a first end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the first data line, and the second end of the fifth switching element is electrically coupled to the third And a sixth switching element having a control end, a first end, and a second end, wherein the control end of the sixth switching element is electrically coupled to the fourth gate line, the sixth switching element The first end is electrically coupled to the second data line, and the second end of the sixth switching element is electrically coupled to the third common electrode. The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the first pixel electrode is located between the opposite electrode and the first common electrode. The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the first common electrode is located between the opposite electrode and the first pixel electrode. The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the counter electrode is a full-face conductive layer. A driving method is applicable to a pixel structure, wherein the pixel structure comprises a pixel unit and a pair of electrodes, the pixel unit comprises a pixel electrode, a common electrode, a first switching element and a second a switching element, the common electrode is disposed opposite to the pixel electrode, the first switching element is coupled to the pixel electrode, the second switching element is coupled to the common electrode, and the opposite electrode is disposed opposite to the pixel electrode, The driving method includes: turning on the first switching element to provide a first voltage signal to the pixel electrode, and turning on the second switching element to turn on a first period The two voltage signals are supplied to the common electrode. The display mode of the pixel structure is a narrow viewing angle mode, wherein the opposite electrode is at a fixed potential, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal simultaneously switch polarity. The driving method of claim 11, further comprising: turning on the first switching element to provide the first voltage signal to the pixel electrode during a second period, the display mode of the pixel structure is a wide a viewing angle mode in which the counter electrode and the common electrode are at the fixed potential. The driving method of claim 12, wherein the potential of the common electrode and the potential of the pixel electrode maintain a fixed potential difference during the second period.