TWI572085B - Diplexer and waveguide - Google Patents

Description

Separation filter and waveguide

The present invention refers to a separation filter, and more particularly to a separation filter that reduces the volume by bending a high-pass filter.

Satellite communication has the advantages of wide coverage and no interference from the ground environment, and is widely used in military, probing and commercial communication services such as satellite navigation, satellite voice broadcasting or satellite television broadcasting.

In the prior art, Waveguide is a communication component widely used in satellite communication transceivers. For example, the waveguide is used to transmit satellite wireless signals, and the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized wireless signals whose polarization directions are orthogonal can be separated and outputted by different output ports to facilitate the processing of the back-end transceiver processor. Or receive a wireless signal.

However, satellite communication transceivers are often installed on the outer walls of buildings or in open spaces with high terrain to facilitate the transmission and reception of satellite signals. Therefore, the size of the satellite communication transceiver should be reduced as much as possible and the weight should be reduced to improve the convenience of the engineer to install the satellite communication transceiver, and to maintain the tolerance and safety of the satellite communication transceiver, so as to avoid the satellite communication transceiver in the strong wind. The blow in the fall fell. Therefore, how to reduce the overall volume and weight of the waveguide and the satellite communication transceiver has become one of the goals of the industry.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a separation filter that reduces the area and volume by bending a high pass filter.

The present invention discloses a separation filter for a waveguide, comprising a power divider for transmitting a transmission signal and an orthogonal polarization receiving signal; a low pass filter coupled to the power divider for use Filtering the transmission signal and transmitting the orthogonal polarization receiving signal; a connection port coupled to the power divider, having a first bend for transmitting the transmission signal; and a high pass filter coupled The connection port is configured to filter the orthogonal polarization receiving signal and transmit the transmission signal.

The invention further discloses a waveguide comprising a separation filter; a power divider for transmitting a transmission signal and a first orthogonal polarization reception signal; and a first low-pass filter coupled to the power distribution For filtering the transmission signal and transmitting the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal; a port coupled to the power divider, having a first bend for transmitting the transmission signal; and a Qualcomm a filter coupled to the port for filtering the first orthogonally polarized receive signal and transmitting the transmit signal; a transmit port coupled to the high pass filter for inputting the transmit signal; a receiving frame for receiving the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal; a second receiving port for receiving a second orthogonal polarization receiving signal; a universal port for outputting the transmitting signal and inputting and receiving a second low pass filter coupled to the receiving port for filtering the transmit signal and the first orthogonally polarized receive signal and transmitting the second orthogonal polarization receive Signaling to the second receiving port; and a quadrature analog converter coupled to the common 埠, the second low pass filter, and the separating filter for transmitting the transmitting signal and cooperating with the second low pass filtering The device separates the received signal into the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal and the second orthogonal polarization receiving signal.

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a waveguide 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waveguide 10 can be used in a satellite communication transceiver, which comprises an Orthomode Transducer 11, a low pass filter 12, a splitter 13 , a universal 埠 CMP, a receive 埠 RP 2 and RP1 and a transmission 埠TP. In detail, the general purpose CMP is used to output a transmission signal TX and input a reception signal RX. The orthogonal mode converter 11 is coupled to the general-purpose 埠CMP, the low-pass filter 12, and the separation filter 13 for transmitting the transmission signal TX and the low-pass filter 12 to separate the received signal RX into the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX2. And RX1. For example, the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX2 can be a horizontally polarized signal, and the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1 can be a vertical polarization signal. The low pass filter 12 is coupled between the orthogonal mode converter 11 and the receiving port RP2 for filtering the transmission signal TX and the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1, and transmitting the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX2 to the receiving port RP2. The separation filter 13 is coupled to the orthogonal mode converter 11 for separating the transmission signal TX and the received signal orthogonal polarization reception signal RX1 in cooperation with the low-pass filter 134 to transmit the transmission signal TX by the transmission 埠TP, and will be positive The cross-polarization reception signal RX1 is transmitted to the reception port RP1.

The separation filter 13 includes a power divider 131, a port 132, and a high Pass filter 133 and a low pass filter 134. The power divider 131 is coupled to the orthogonal mode converter 11 for transmitting the transmission signal TX and the low-pass filter 134 to be separated into orthogonal polarization reception signals RX1. The low pass filter 134 is coupled to the power divider 131 for filtering the transmit signal TX and transmitting the orthogonal polarization receive signal RX1 to the receive port RP1. The port 132 is coupled to the power splitter 131 for transmitting the transmit signal TX. The high pass filter 133 is coupled to the port 132 for filtering the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1 and transmitting the transmission signal TX by the transmission port TP.

In this way, the waveguide 10 can transmit the wireless signal, that is, transmit the signal TX and the received signal RX, in a satellite communication transceiver, and can separate the received signal RX into orthogonal polarization receiving signals RX2 and RX1, respectively It is output by the receiving ports RP2 and RP1.

Specifically, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a detailed structural diagram of the separation filter 13 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The connection port 132 has a bend B1, which can be equivalent to a signal reflection surface for reflecting a portion of the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1, thereby improving the isolation between the receiving port RP1 and the transmission port TP. The high pass filter 133 is preferably a double stepped (Double Corrugated) filter including a conducting portion 21 and a stepped converter (Corrugated Transformer) 22 and 23. The conducting portion 21 includes a plurality of bends B2, and the high-pass filter 133 is formed in a meandering shape. The stepped converter 22 is formed between one end of the conducting portion 21 and the bend B1 for transmitting the transmission signal TX and for blocking the reflective surface CO as one of the orthogonal polarization receiving signals RX1 to avoid orthogonal polarization reception. The signal RX1 passes through the high pass filter 133. A stepped converter 23 is formed at the other end of the conducting portion 21 for transfer transmission by the transmission port TP Signal TX. The low pass filter 134 includes a stepped converter 24 formed between the low pass filter 134 and the power divider 131 for transmitting the orthogonal polarization receive signal RX1.

It should be noted that the stepped converter can be regarded as a matching component, which is arranged at the interface where the component is connected with the component, and can be used to match components by designing different orders and step shapes (for example, stepped or tapered stepped caliber). Equivalent impedance between and reduces signal attenuation. For example, the stepped converter 22 has a second-order shape in which the diameter is gradually narrowed from the connection 埠 132 to the conduction portion 21; the step-type converter 23 is a fourth-order, and the aperture is transmitted from the conduction portion 21 to the 埠TP (not depicted in the second The shape of the stepwise converter 24 is a second-order shape in which the aperture is gradually widened by the power divider 131 to the low-pass filter 134. The configuration of the stepped converter is not limited. The designer can select a single stepped converter 22, 23 or 24 instead of a stepped converter according to actual needs, or select multiple stepped converters at the same time. For example, the designer can select both the stepped converters 22 and 23, the stepped converters 22 and 24, and the stepped converters 23 and 24 at the same time.

In this configuration, the bends B1 and B2 cause the high-pass filter 133 to be in a meander shape, so that the area occupied by the high-pass filter 133 can be reduced, which is equivalent to reducing the area and volume of the separation filter 13 and the waveguide 10 as a whole. Therefore, the weight and manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the bending B1 and the stepped converter 22 can better reflect the effect of the cut-off reflecting surface CO on the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1, and can also improve the isolation between the receiving port RP1 and the transmitting port TP.

In short, the present invention mainly couples the connection port 132 having the bend B1 between the high-pass filter 133 and the power splitter 131, in addition to reducing the overall area and volume of the separation filter 13, in combination with the stepped converter. Under the design of 22, the isolation between the receiving port RP1 and the transmitting port TP can also be improved. Those skilled in the art can modify the changes as they are not limited to the embodiment.

For example, an angle θ1 of the bend B1 can be arbitrarily adjusted. The number of the plurality of bends B2 is not limited. As shown in Fig. 2, the high-pass filter 133 has at least two bends B2. An angle θ2 of the bending B2 can also be arbitrarily adjusted. The high pass filter 133 is spaced apart from the low pass filter 134 by a distance D1. The two adjacent bends B2 are separated by a distance D2. The pitches D1 and D2 can also be appropriately adjusted to adjust the area and volume of the separation filter 13 to meet actual needs.

On the other hand, the separation filter 13 can be a T-junction-type waveguide for separating an electric field plane (E-plane) or a magnetic field plane (H-plane). In other words, the special bending B1 design of the present invention can reflect the low frequency signal of the part (ie, the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1), so that the separating filter 13 separates the wireless signals of the same polarization but different frequencies (ie, orthogonal polarization). The receiving signal RX1 and the transmission signal TX) have a better effect.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which shows the insertion loss (Insertion Loss), the return loss (Return Loss) of the transmission 埠TP, and the isolation between the transmission 埠TP and the reception 埠RP1. The insertion loss is indicated by a solid line, the return loss is indicated by a long dashed line, and the isolation is indicated by a short dashed line. The operating frequency of the transmission 埠TP is 13.75 to 14.5 GHz. Table 1 is the measured value of Figure 3:

As can be seen from Table 1, the transmission 埠TP has good performance in the operating frequency, and the insertion loss shows that at least 94.6% of the transmission signal TX can be transmitted from the transmission 埠TP to the general-purpose 埠CMP. The return loss shows that the transmission signal TX of less than 1.16% is reflected to the transmission 埠TP. The isolation between the transmission 埠TP and the reception 埠RP1 is close to 0%, and there is almost no signal transmission between the two.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which illustrates the insertion loss, the return loss, and the isolation of the receiving port RP1 and the transmission port TP of the receiving port RP1. The insertion loss is indicated by a solid line, the return loss is indicated by a long dashed line, and the isolation is indicated by a short dashed line. The operating frequency of the receiving port RP1 is 10.7 to 12.75 GHz. Table 2 is the measured value of Figure 4:

As can be seen from Table 2, the receiving port RP1 has good performance in the operating frequency, and the insertion loss shows that at least 92.5% of the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1 can be transmitted from the general-purpose 埠CMP to the receiving port RP1. The return loss shows that the orthogonal polarization reception signal RX1 of less than 0.85% is reflected to the reception 埠RP1. The isolation between the receiving port RP1 and the transmitting port TP is close to 0%, and there is almost no signal transmission between the two.

In summary, the present invention mainly couples the connection port 132 having the bend B1 between the high-pass filter 133 and the power splitter 131, except that the area and volume of the entire split filter 13 can be reduced, and the step-by-step conversion is adopted. Under the design of the device 22, the effect of reflecting the orthogonal polarization receiving signal RX1 on the cut-off reflecting surface CO is better, and the isolation between the receiving port RP1 and the transmitting port TP can be improved. The design of the plurality of bends B1 and B2 allows the high-pass filter 133 to be in a meander shape, so that the area of the high-pass filter 133 can be further reduced, which corresponds to reducing the area and volume of the entire separation filter 13 and the waveguide 10. Therefore, the present invention can reduce the weight and manufacturing cost of the separation filter 13 and the waveguide 10, and improve the convenience of the engineer to install the satellite communication transceiver, and also maintain the tolerance and safety of the satellite communication transceiver.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

10‧‧‧waveguide

11‧‧‧ Orthogonal mode converter

13‧‧‧Separation filter

131‧‧‧Power splitter

132‧‧‧Links

133‧‧‧High-pass filter

12, 134‧‧‧ low-pass filter

21‧‧‧Transmission Department

22, 23, 24‧‧‧ stepped converter

TX‧‧‧ transmit signal

RX‧‧‧ receiving signal

RX2, RX1‧‧‧ orthogonal polarization receiving signal

RP2, RP1‧‧‧ Receiver

TP‧‧‧Transportation

CMP‧‧‧Common 埠

B1, B2‧‧‧ bend

D1, D2‧‧‧ spacing

Θ1, θ2‧‧‧ angle

CO‧‧‧ cut-off reflector

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a detailed structural diagram of a separation filter according to Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an analog measurement of the insertion loss, return loss, and isolation of the transmission chirp and the reception chirp of the transmission diagram of Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is an analog measurement of the insertion loss, return loss, and isolation of the receiving and transmitting ports of the receiving frame of Figure 1.

13‧‧‧Separation filter

131‧‧‧Power splitter

132‧‧‧Links

133‧‧‧High-pass filter

134‧‧‧Low-pass filter

21‧‧‧Transmission Department

22, 23, 24‧‧‧ stepped converter

TX‧‧‧ transmit signal

RX1‧‧‧orthogonal polarization receiving signal

B1, B2‧‧‧ bend

D1, D2‧‧‧ spacing

Θ1, θ2‧‧‧ angle

CO‧‧‧ cut-off reflector

Claims (10)

A splitter for a waveguide, comprising: a power splitter for transmitting a transmit signal and a first orthogonally polarized receive signal; a first low pass filter, And coupled to the power splitter for filtering the transmit signal and transmitting the first orthogonally polarized receive signal; a port coupled to the power splitter, having a first bend for transmitting the Transmitting a signal; and a high-pass filter coupled to the port for filtering the first orthogonally polarized received signal and transmitting the transmitted signal; wherein the power splitter, the first low pass filter, and the The openings of the high pass filter are oriented in different directions and the high pass filter does not surround the power splitter. The separation filter of claim 1, wherein the high-pass filter comprises: a conducting portion including a plurality of second bends to make the high-pass filter have a meander shape; and a first stepped converter (Corrugated Transformer), formed between one end of the conducting portion and the first bend, for transmitting the transmission signal, and used as one of the first orthogonal polarization receiving signals to cut off the reflecting surface; A two-step converter is formed at the other end of the conducting portion for transmitting the transmission signal. The separation filter of claim 2, wherein the plurality of second bends are spaced apart from each other by a distance. The separation filter of claim 1, wherein the first low pass filter comprises a third stepped converter formed in the first low pass filter and the power splitter And used to transmit the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal. The separation filter of claim 1, wherein the high pass filter has a spacing from the first low pass filter. A Waveguide includes: a splitter (Diplexer); a power splitter for transmitting a transmit signal and a first orthogonally polarized receive signal; and a first low pass filter coupled The power splitter is configured to filter the transmit signal and transmit the first orthogonally polarized receive signal; a port coupled to the power splitter, having a first bend for transmitting the transmit signal And a high-pass filter coupled to the port for filtering the first orthogonally polarized receive signal and transmitting the transmit signal; wherein the power splitter, the first low pass filter, and the high pass filter The opening of the device faces in different directions, and the high pass filter does not surround the power splitter; a transmission port coupled to the high pass filter for inputting the transmission signal; a first receiving port for receiving the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal; and a second receiving port for receiving a second signal Orthogonally polarized receiving signal; a universal 埠 for outputting the transmitted signal and inputting a received signal; a second low pass filter coupled to the receiving 埠 for filtering the transmitted signal and the first orthogonal Polarizing the received signal and transmitting the second orthogonally polarized receive signal to the second receive buffer; and a quadrature analog converter coupled to the universal clamp, the second low pass filter, and the separation filter And transmitting the received signal and the second low pass filter to separate the received signal into the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal and the second orthogonal polarization receiving signal. The waveguide of claim 6, wherein the high-pass filter comprises: a conducting portion including a plurality of second bends to make the high-pass filter have a meandering shape; and a first stepped converter ( Corrugated Transformer) is formed between one end of the conductive portion and the first bend for transmitting the transmission signal, and is used as one of the first orthogonal polarization receiving signals to cut off the reflective surface; and a second A stepped converter is formed at the other end of the conducting portion for transmitting the transmission signal. The waveguide of claim 7, wherein the plurality of second bends are spaced apart from one another. The waveguide of claim 6, wherein the first low pass filter comprises a third stepped converter formed between the first low pass filter and the power splitter And used to transmit the first orthogonal polarization receiving signal. The waveguide of claim 6, wherein the high pass filter has a spacing from the first low pass filter.