TWI569906B - Automatic riveting device - Google Patents

Description

Automatic punching device

The invention relates to mechanical processing technology, in particular to an automatic punching and riveting device for the manufacture of aircraft wing and wing skeleton skin.

Aircraft wing aircraft such as military aircraft, civil passenger and cargo aircraft, helicopters, and unmanned aircraft are usually made of metal materials and composite materials. Considering the wind resistance strength, air wear and aircraft weight reduction to increase the endurance and so on, Generally, most of the aircraft skins are made of aluminum alloy and fiber reinforced polymer materials with relatively large volume and weight. Some metal skins with special strength requirements will adopt the welding process, but the thin plate welding will cause the stress concentration distribution and volume deformation of the local metal melt solidification thermal expansion and contraction. It is difficult to correct the size of the skin to restore the fluid mechanics. Smooth appearance; a small number of skinning processes use low-heat electron beam welding to improve deformation, but require extremely high processing equipment and power costs, and when the local skin of the wing is damaged or deformed, Direct replacement of local skins can only be used to replace the entire new product, increasing the cost of subsequent maintenance of the aircraft. Therefore, most aircraft today still use the rivet joint process as the mainstream process of the wing-wing skeleton skin after considering the requirements of manufacturing difficulty and subsequent warranty.

The advantages of the rivet jointing process include: cold and hot deformation problems without welding process, cost-effective process equipment and power, and subsequent maintenance and repair can directly replace part of the skin or rivet to maintain the overall wing shape. Typical wing-wing skeleton skin-folding rivet jointing process steps include: (1) anti-corrosion treatment of skin and rivet surface; (2) assembly of two-sided angle fixtures for skeleton, skin and rivet; (3) two sides of skeleton and skin Angle rivet joint; (4) disassembly of the double-sided angle fixture; (5) skeleton, skin and rivet assembly inclined angle clamp; (6) skeleton, skin tilt angle on both sides; (7) disassembly tilt angle (8) milling flat rivet head into a flat head; (9) inspection into the warehouse.

In the above-mentioned wing-wing skeleton skin-folding rivet jointing process, since the skin complex angle includes the dihedral angle and the inclination angle, the fixture must be assembled in two stages to respectively perform the dihedral angle and the inclination. The angle rivet joining process results in high labor hours for machining and assembly, reducing production efficiency. The wing and skin of the aircraft is in line with the requirements of aerodynamics. The shape is usually the arc shape of the complex angle design rather than a single plane. Therefore, the fixture also needs to have a complex angle to meet the workpiece and the rivet joint punch spindle. Vertical relationship. The traditional method is to design and manufacture a plurality of different angle clamp fixtures, and the wing-fin workpieces are clamped and fixed in a single plane with the first angle clamp fixture, and the skeleton skinned rivets are engaged to release the wing-wing workpieces, and then The two-angle clamp fixture is fixed and fixed in a single plane, so that the skeleton skin rivets of the respective complex angles are joined one by one, which is quite labor-intensive. In order to maintain the smoothness of the surface of the winged skin, the stamped end of the rivet must be flattened to reduce the air resistance of the wing, thus requiring additional process and labor.

In view of the shortcomings of the conventional technology, the present invention provides an automatic punching and riveting device, which can detect the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes, to perform the automatic punching and riveting action, and can be The surface undulation of the rivet workpiece changes the inclination of the fixed platform to maintain the workpiece in a positive vertical relationship with the main axis of the stamping unit, ensuring the quality of the rivet joint.

The invention provides an automatic punching and riveting device, comprising: a platform unit for placing and fixing a workpiece to be punched, the platform unit having at least one servo motor for changing the undulating inclination of the platform unit a stamping unit, suspended above the platform unit, for performing a rivet press-joining operation, the punching unit is capable of translating left and right, the punching unit has a punch, and the punch is downwardly disposed And aligning the platform unit; a control unit connecting the platform unit and the stamping unit for controlling the tilt angle of the platform unit and the lateral displacement movement of the stamping unit; an optical detecting unit is suspended The top of the platform unit is used for detecting the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of the punching holes, and transmitting the information of the punched hole coordinate and the quantity to the control unit. . The optical unit uses a laser, infrared or visible light camera to detect the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes.

The automatic punching and riveting device of the invention can be used for the riveting requirements of workpieces with complex angle planes, such as non-vertical cross-section workpieces such as wings and skins of curved parts of the aircraft, and in the conventional technology, to adapt to different complex angles on a single workpiece. For the multiple punching holes of the position, a plurality of clamping fixtures are prepared according to a plurality of complex angles, and the corresponding clamping fixtures are replaced every angle to ensure the punching time The press is perpendicular to the punching hole, which is quite labor intensive and machine cost. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention uses an optical detecting unit to scan the outer shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes, and after inputting the data into the control unit, the control unit controls the Before and after the punching unit, the left and right translational movement and the undulating inclination angle of the platform unit are ensured that the punching and punching action of the punching unit of the punching unit is perpendicular to the punching and riveting holes at different positions on the workpiece to be punched and riveted. Relationship to ensure rivet joint strength.

The invention provides an automatic punching and riveting device, wherein the control unit further comprises: a display unit for displaying the working state of the automatic punching and riveting device, and detecting the appearance, the surface relief, the optical detecting unit, Coordinates and number of punching holes; memory unit: used to store the working state of the automatic punching and riveting device, the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface relief, the coordinates and number of the punching holes, and the operation history record; The user can input the coordinates and the number of punching holes, and the control unit can directly drive the punching unit and the platform unit to perform the rivet joint action according to the input information.

The automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention can first place the rivet into the punching hole of the workpiece to be punched before performing the punching and riveting operation, or use the nailing unit to perform the nail filling operation in an automated manner. The automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention further comprises: a nailing unit, which is suspended above the platform unit and is used for filling the rivet into the punching hole, and the nailing unit can be translated back and forth, left and right, the The nail unit is based on the information of the shape and surface undulation of the rivet workpiece to be punched from the optical detection unit or the user, and the coordinates and the number of punching holes according to the control unit, and punching holes at different positions and different angles. The rivet is filled in to complete the automatic process of workpiece scanning, nail filling and riveting. The nailing unit is disposed in parallel with the stamping unit or directly built into the stamping unit.

The invention provides an automatic punching and riveting device, wherein the front end of the punching unit of the punching unit is a symmetric micro-mountain convex surface design, and is disposed at an off angle with the axis of the punching unit, and the punch end surface is in the punching and ripping process. The bevel angle rotates along the circumferential direction of the end face of the rivet to produce radial plastic flow deformation, forming a flat top countersink surface of the same height as the surface of the workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece can be smoothed without the need for a milling process, saving work procedures and Labor time.

The above summary, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are intended to further illustrate the manner, the And related to the present invention His purpose and advantages will be explained in the following description and illustration.

10‧‧‧ Ontology

11‧‧‧ platform unit

111‧‧‧Servo motor

12, 21‧‧‧ Stamping unit

121, 22‧‧‧ punches

13‧‧‧ Optical detection unit

14‧‧‧Control unit

141‧‧‧ touch display

15‧‧‧Nail unit

A‧‧‧punching workpiece

B‧‧‧ Rivets

C‧‧‧Bevel angle of the end face of the punch

D‧‧‧Angle angle between the center axis of the punch and the center line of the stamping unit

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automated punching and riveting apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a structural view of a punch of the automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can readily appreciate other advantages and functions of the present invention from the disclosure herein.

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automatic punching and riveting apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the main body 10 is a hollow box type machine; a platform unit 11 is disposed at the bottom of the body. For laying and fixing the workpiece R to be punched, the platform unit has a complex array servo motor 111 for changing the undulating inclination of the platform unit; a punching unit 12 is suspended in the book The top of the body is located above the platform unit and is used for performing the punching and joining operation of the rivet B. The punching unit can be translated back and forth, left and right, and the punching unit has a punch 121 which is aligned downward. The optical unit is disposed at a top of the interior of the body and is disposed above the platform unit and disposed in parallel with the stamping unit. The optical detecting unit is configured to detect and scan the standby unit. The control unit 14 is disposed inside the body and has a touch display 141 according to the optical detector. The measuring unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of the punching holes, and controls the swaying angle of the left and right translation movements of the punching unit and the platform unit to ensure the punching unit. When the punch is punched and riveted, it is perpendicular to the different positions on the workpiece to be punched and at different angles; and a nail supply unit 15 is suspended on the top of the body. Located above the platform unit, the rivet is filled into the punching hole, and the nailing unit can be translated back and forth, and the nailing unit is detected by the optical detecting unit according to the control unit. The information on the shape of the rivet workpiece, the surface undulation, the coordinate and the number of punching holes, and the rivets are filled in the punching holes of different positions and different angles respectively. Wherein the optical detecting unit detects a shape, a surface undulation of the workpiece to be punched, using a laser, an infrared or a visible light camera, Punching the number and number of holes. The control unit may also input information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinate of the punching hole and the quantity, to directly control the platform unit, the punching unit and the nailing unit to perform the riveting The rivet joint process of the workpiece.

The operation method of the automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention is as follows: a blank riveting workpiece with one or more punched holes is placed on the platform unit and fixed; the optical detecting unit detects and scans the workpiece to be punched. The shape, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punched holes, and the information is transmitted to the control unit, or the user directly inputs the information into the control unit; the control unit detects the optical detection unit according to the optical detection unit Measuring the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinate of the punching hole and the quantity, and controlling the nailing unit to fill the rivet holes in the punching holes of different positions and different angles respectively; the control unit is based on The optical detecting unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes, and controls the tilting angle of the left and right translation movements of the punching unit and the platform unit to ensure the inclination angle of the platform unit. When the punch of the punching unit performs the punching and riveting operation, the punching holes are perpendicular to the different positions on the workpiece to be punched and the different angles; the punching unit is paired one by one; Hole punch riveting operation of the rivet swaging press.

In another embodiment of the automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention, the nailing unit and its operation steps can be omitted, and the user can first fill in the punching hole of the workpiece to be punched, and then use the invention to perform an automatic riveting process. Another embodiment of the automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention is characterized in that: one or more punched riveting holes, and the punched riveting workpiece which has been first filled into the rivet in the punching and riveting hole is placed on the platform unit and fixed; The optical detecting unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of the rivet holes, and transmits the information to the control unit, or the user can report the information. Directly inputting the control unit; the control unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes according to the optical detecting unit, and controls the left and right translation movements before and after the punching unit The slanting angle of the platform unit is such that when the punch of the punching unit is punched and riveted, it is perpendicular to the different positions on the workpiece to be punched and the angled punching holes; the punching unit is paired one by one; The rivets in each punching hole are swaged and punched.

In the actual application of the automatic punching and riveting device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the end face of the punch 22 of the punching unit 21 is a micro-mountain symmetric convex design, and the convex mask has a bevel angle. C. The central axis of the punch has an off angle D with the center line of the punching unit. The rotation center axis of the traditional riveting punch is aligned with the top center line of the rivet, and the front end surface of the punch is designed to be angle-free. During the punching and riveting process, the instantaneous friction is caused by the full surface contact between the punch end face and the end face of the rivet. When it is larger than the rotational torque of the punch, a vibration phenomenon occurs in which the machine is unstable and the balance is unstable. In order to improve the disadvantage, in the punching and riveting process of the present invention, the end face of the punch is disposed at an off angle with the top end surface of the rivet, and the end face of the punch is a micro-mountain symmetric convex design, so that The end face of the punch rotates along the circumferential direction of the end face of the rivet at an oblique angle to generate radial plastic flow deformation, forming a flat top countersunk plane having the same height as the surface of the workpiece, and the frictional force of the rotary punch having the oblique angle can be dispersed and reduced. It helps to improve the vibration problem of the instantaneous unstable balance of the stamping unit and reduces the consumption of the rotational torque. And for the wing wing skin processing requirements of the aircraft, since the flat surface of the rivet flat surface of the invention is the same as the surface height of the skin surface, the surface of the skin workpiece can be smoothed without further milling process. Shape, in line with the design requirements of fluid mechanics, saving work procedures and manpower hours. In the practical application of the present invention, the angle of the micro-mountain symmetric convex bevel of the punch is 5 degrees, and the optimal implementation effect can be obtained when the center axis of the punch and the axis of the punching unit are 5 degrees.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the features and functions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the technical scope of the present invention. Modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be as set forth in the scope of the claims described below.

10‧‧‧ Ontology

11‧‧‧ platform unit

111‧‧‧Servo motor

12‧‧‧ Stamping unit

121‧‧‧ Punch

13‧‧‧ Optical detection unit

14‧‧‧Control unit

141‧‧‧ touch display

15‧‧‧Nail unit

A‧‧‧punching workpiece

B‧‧‧ Rivets

Claims (7)

An automatic punching and riveting device comprising: a platform unit for placing and fixing a workpiece to be punched, the platform unit having at least one servo motor for changing an inclination of the platform unit; The unit is suspended above the platform unit for performing a rivet press-joining operation, and the punching unit is movable forward, backward, left and right, the punching unit has a punch, and the punch is disposed downward and aligned a platform unit, the front end of the punch is a symmetric micro-mountain convex surface design, and is disposed at an off angle with the axis of the punching unit; a control unit is connected to the platform unit and the punching unit for controlling the platform unit The tilting angle and the lateral displacement of the stamping unit; an optical detecting unit is suspended above the platform unit for detecting the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, and the punching hole Coordinates and quantity information, and transmit the information of the punched hole coordinates and quantity to the control unit. The automatic punching and riveting device of claim 1, wherein the convex bevel angle is 5 degrees, and the angle of the declination is 5 degrees. The automatic punching and riveting device of claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises: a display unit for displaying an operating state of the automated punching and riveting device, and detecting the standby riveting with the optical detecting unit Information on the shape of the workpiece, surface relief, coordinates and number of punching holes; memory unit: used to store the working state of the automatic punching and riveting device, the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface relief, the punching hole coordinates Information on the quantity and operation history; the input unit allows the user to input the information of the shape, surface undulation, punching coordinates and quantity of the workpiece to be punched, and the control unit can be directly driven according to the input information. The punching unit performs a rivet joint operation with the platform unit. The automatic punching and riveting device of claim 1, wherein the optical unit detects a shape, a surface undulation, a punching hole coordinate and a quantity of the workpiece to be punched using a laser, an infrared or a visible light camera. The automatic punching and riveting device according to the first or third aspect of the application, further comprising: a nail supply unit, which is suspended above the platform unit and is used for filling the rivet into the punching hole. The automatic punching and riveting device according to claim 3, wherein the automatic punching and riveting device is operated The method comprises the following steps: placing one or more punched riveting holes, and the riveting workpieces of the punching holes that have been first filled into the rivets are placed on the platform unit and fixed; the optical detecting unit detects and scans the riveting riveting Information on the shape of the workpiece, the surface relief, the coordinates and the number of punched holes, and transmits the information to the control unit, or the user directly inputs the information into the control unit; the control unit according to the optical The detecting unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of punching holes, and controls the tilting angle of the left and right translation movements of the punching unit and the platform unit to ensure the punching. When the punch of the unit performs the punching and riveting operation, the punching holes are formed in a positive vertical relationship with the different positions on the workpiece to be punched and the different angles; the punching unit performs the riveting and punching action by the rivets in the punching holes. The automatic punching and riveting device according to claim 5, wherein the automatic punching and riveting device operates by placing one or more punched riveting workpieces on the platform unit and fixing the optical punching; The measuring unit detects the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinates and the number of the punching holes, and transmits the information to the control unit, or the user directly inputs the information into the control unit. The control unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinate of the punching hole and the quantity according to the optical detecting unit, and controls the nailing unit to be punched at different positions and different angles respectively. The rivet is filled with a rivet; the control unit detects information about the shape of the workpiece to be punched, the surface undulation, the coordinate of the punching hole and the quantity according to the optical detecting unit, and controls the left and right translation of the punching unit before and after And the slanting angle of the platform unit to ensure that the punch of the punching unit is punched and riveted, and is respectively aligned with different positions and different angles on the workpiece to be punched The vertical relationship; the punching unit performs a riveting punching action on the rivets in each of the punching holes.