TWI568929B - Wind power plant - Google Patents

Description

Wind power generator

The present invention relates to a wind power generator, and more particularly to a power transmission mechanism that transmits rotational motion of a hub to a speed increaser.

Wind power plants are being widely introduced as pillars of renewable energy. In the wind turbine generator, the rotational power of the hub supporting the blade is transmitted to the generator, and the generator rotor is rotated to perform the power generation operation.

A conventional wind power generator includes, for example, the device described in Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, a hub is disposed in a nacelle to support a blade to rotate together with the blade; a hub axle disposed on an inner diameter side of the hub and coupled to the hub; a gear case coupled to the hub axle; and a generator , receiving the rotational power that increases through the gearbox. A coupling flange is fixed to the end of the hub axle, and the coupling flange is bolted to the input flange of the speed increaser.

In the wind turbine generator, for the maintenance of the power transmission mechanism and its surroundings, an operation of separating each connection of the shaft, the speed increaser, and the generator is performed.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Document]

Patent Document 1 U.S. Patent No. 4,759,271

In the wind turbine generator disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to completely separate the speed increaser from the hub axle, the speed increaser is moved after the bolt connecting the coupling flange and the input flange of the speed increaser is released. The aforementioned two flanges are separated.

Furthermore, after the maintenance is completed, in order to restore the wind power generation device to the re-operable state, the speed increaser is correctly moved to a position where the coupling flange and the input flange of the speed increaser can be bolted, and the bolt is bolted. Tighten and fix.

Speed-increasing machines are generally of high quality, and there is a problem of labor and time required for the above-mentioned movement.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator having improved maintainability.

In order to solve the above problems, a wind power generator according to the present invention includes: a hub on which a blade that receives wind is rotated, a rotating shaft that is coupled to the hub for rotational movement, a speed increaser, and an adapter; a rotating shaft and the aforementioned speed increaser are connected and the aforementioned rotating shaft And the aforementioned speed increaser is formed as an independent individual, and the outer diameter of the side end of the speed increaser is larger than the side end of the hub.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind power generator with improved maintainability.

1‧‧‧ leaves

2‧‧‧Cabinet

3‧‧‧Tower

10‧‧·wheels

11‧‧‧Rotary axis

11a‧‧‧Expanding Department

12‧‧‧Speed increaser

12a‧‧‧Input shaft

13‧‧‧Adapter connector

13a‧‧‧Flange

13b‧‧‧Friction coupling

13c‧‧‧pressure means

13d‧‧‧Fixed ring

13e‧‧‧through holes

13f‧‧‧Pushing Department

13g‧‧‧Chisel Pushing Department

13h, 13i‧‧‧ oil hole

13j‧‧‧ oil seal

13k‧‧‧Intermediate ring

20‧‧‧Generator

21‧‧‧Coupling

30‧‧‧Fixed shaft

31a, 31b‧‧‧ Bearings

32‧‧‧Main frame

Fig. 1 is an overall view showing the appearance of a wind power generator.

Fig. 2 is a view showing a connection structure between a hub, a rotating shaft, an adapter, a speed increaser, and a generator in the wind turbine generator of the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a view showing a detailed view of a connection mechanism for connecting a rotating shaft and a speed increaser input shaft by an adapter having a pressure means using a fluid in the wind turbine generator of the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a view showing a detailed connection mechanism of a wind power generator according to a modification of the first embodiment, in which a rotary shaft and a speed increaser input shaft are connected by an adapter having a pressure means using a bolt.

Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following is merely an example, and the gist of the invention is not limited to the specific aspects of the invention. With the wind power generation device shown in the following embodiment, since the rotation can be easily performed The shaft and the speed increaser are separated, so that in addition to shortening the maintenance work and improving work efficiency, the hub and the fixed shaft can be made smaller and lighter.

[Example 1]

The first embodiment to the third embodiment will be described with reference to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the wind power generator is a blade 1 that is roughly rotated by receiving wind, a nacelle 2 that supports the load of the blade 1, and a tower 3 that supports the nacelle 2. The nacelle 2 is rotatably supported in a schematic horizontal plane with respect to the tower 3 and can be redirected in accordance with the wind direction.

Fig. 2 is a view for explaining a power transmission mechanism for transmitting a rotary motion of a hub to a speed increaser and a generator in a subsequent stage. In the first figure, it corresponds to a portion surrounded by a broken line. As shown in the figure, the wind power generator of the present embodiment includes a hub 10 that mounts a blade 1 and a rotating shaft 11 that is coupled to the hub 10 and that transmits rotational power accompanying the rotation of the hub 10; the speed increaser 12, Connected to the rotating shaft 11 to increase the rotational speed of the output shaft of the rear stage; the adapter 13 connects the rotating shaft 11 and the speed increaser 12; and the generator 20 rotates at a rotational speed of the speed increasing device 12 And the power generation operation; the coupling 21 connects the speed increaser 12 and the generator 20; the fixed shaft 30 is provided on the outer diameter side of the rotary shaft 11 with a gap with respect to the rotary shaft 11; and the bearings 31a and 32a are located. The hub 10 is rotatably supported relative to the fixed shaft 30 between the fixed shaft 30 and the hub 10; and the main frame 32 is a support fixed shaft 30 and is coupled to the tower 3.

The rotating shaft 11 has an enlarged diameter in which the end portion on the side opposite to the speed increasing machine 12 side is enlarged in the radial direction, and the radial length is larger than the outer diameter of the speed increasing machine side. Big. The enlarged diameter portion 11a is bolted to the hub side flange that protrudes toward the inner diameter side of the hub 10, and the rotating shaft 11 rotates together with the hub 10. Further, the rotating shaft 11 has a through hole (not shown) in which an electric wire for controlling electric equipment inside the hub or a pipe extends in the axial direction.

When the blade 1 receives the wind and the hub 10 rotates, the rotational torque is transmitted to the speed increaser 12 through the rotary shaft 11 and the adapter 13 . The rotational power that increases the rotational speed by the speed increaser 12 is transmitted to the generator 20 through the coupling 21, and the rotor of the generator 20 is driven to perform the power generation operation.

The fixed shaft 30 is fixed to the main frame 32, and does not rotate together with the hub 10, unlike the rotating shaft 11 for torque transmission in which the gap is disposed on the inner diameter side. Two roller bearings 31a, 31b are provided between the hub 10 and the fixed shaft 30, and the fixed shaft 30 supports the weight of the blade 1 and the hub 10 in a stationary state with respect to the rotating hub 10. The end of the fixed shaft 30 on the side opposite to the speed increaser side has a diameter smaller than the end portion of the fixed shaft 30 on the speed increaser side. Further, a part of the hub side of the adapter is disposed inside the fixed shaft 30.

Fig. 3 is a view for explaining a connection mechanism for connecting a rotary shaft and a speed increaser input shaft by an adapter. As shown in the figure, the adapter joint 13 is provided with a flange portion 13a at the side of the speed increaser, and has a friction coupling joint at the hub side end. The friction coupling joint of the present embodiment has a friction coupling portion 13b. The outer circumference of the friction coupling portion 13b includes a pressure means 13c and a fixing ring 13d that are in contact with the friction coupling portion 13b. The adapter joint 13 has an outer diameter ratio of the speed increaser side end having the flange portion 13a and has a friction coupling portion 13b. The outer diameter of the hub side end of the pressure means 13c is large.

The friction coupling portion 13b is located on the outer diameter side of the rotary shaft 11, and has a through hole 13e having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft 11 and capable of inserting the rotary shaft 11. Further, the friction coupling joint portion 13b has a push-out portion 13f that changes the outer diameter in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 11. The push-out portion 13f is tapered in diameter as it leaves the speed increaser. The substantially annular pressure means 13c positioned on the outer diameter side of the friction coupling joint portion 13b is a fitting push-out portion 13g having a fitting portion fitted to the push-out portion 13f on the inner circumference, and further having hydraulic oil or the like supplied from the outside. Oil filling holes 13h and 13i of the high pressure fluid. Further, in the vicinity of both end portions of the pressure means 13c, an oil seal 13j that is in contact with the pressure means 13c and the friction coupling portion 13b is provided. The oil seal 13j seals the gap between the pressure means 13c and the friction coupling portion 13b, and prevents the fluid from flowing out from both end portions of the pressure means 13c.

Next, a method of connecting the adapter 13 and the rotating shaft 11 having the structure shown in FIG. 3, and the input shaft 12a of the speed increaser, and a connecting mechanism will be described.

The flange portion 13a and the input shaft 12a of the speed increaser are joined together by end faces extending in the direction in which the rotating shafts extend, and are fastened by, for example, bolts.

In the connection of the friction coupling joint and the rotating shaft 11, first, the rotating shaft 11 is inserted into the through hole 13e of the friction coupling portion 13b. Then, the high-pressure fluid is supplied from the outside to the oil-filling hole 13h on the hub side of the pressure means 13c, and the space on the hub side is formed to increase the speed among the spaces surrounded by the pressure means 13c and the frictional coupling portion 13b. Machine side The high pressure of the space causes the pressure means 13c to move toward the speed increaser. When the pressure means 13c moves to the speed increaser, slippage occurs between the push-out portion 13f on the outer circumference of the friction coupling portion 13b and the fitting push-out portion 13g on the inner circumference of the pressure means 13c, thereby generating a friction coupling joint. The force pushed by the portion 13b toward the inner diameter side. Therefore, the diameter of the through hole 13e is reduced, and the inner circumferential surface of the friction coupling joint portion 13b is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 11. When the pressure of the fluid is increased, a high contact pressure and a large static friction force are generated at the contact interface between the inner circumferential surface of the friction coupling joint portion 13b and the outer circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 11, the adapter joint 13 and the rotary shaft 11 Make a link. By tightening the fixing ring 13d in this state to maintain a large frictional force, the pressure forming means 13c is restricted from moving to the friction coupling portion 13b, and the connection state of the adapter joint 13 and the rotary shaft 11 is maintained.

By ensuring a large contact area of the contact surface between the inner circumferential surface of the friction coupling joint portion 13b and the outer circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 11 in the axial direction, since the area generated by the contact pressure can be enlarged and the generated static friction force can be increased, A larger torque can be transmitted than a smaller diameter of the speed increaser side to which the flange bolt is fastened.

When the connection between the friction coupling joint portion 13b and the rotating shaft 11 is to be released, the high-pressure fluid is supplied to the pressure means 13c at the speed increasing machine side after the fixing ring 13d is released. The oil supply hole 13i moves the pressure means 13c toward the hub side, and the force of the pressure coupling means 13c pushing the friction coupling joint portion 13b toward the inner diameter side is reduced, so that the contact pressure and the static frictional force are reduced and the connection is released.

According to this embodiment, since the adapter is provided, It is easy to connect or unlink the adapter and the input shaft of the speed increaser or between the adapter and the rotary shaft. The adapter connects the rotary shaft to the speed increaser and increases with the rotary shaft. The speed machine is formed as a separate member, and the outer diameter of the side end of the speed increaser is larger than the side end of the hub. Specifically, since the adapter is connected to the rotary shaft and the speed increaser, and the rotary shaft and the speed increaser are formed as separate members, even if the heavy speed increaser is not moved, it will be turned after the connection is released. When the joint slides in the direction in which the rotating shaft extends, the space can be set between the rotating shaft and the speed increasing machine to completely separate the two. As a result, the labor and working time required for maintenance are reduced, and work efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, even in the recovery operation after maintenance, the alignment of the rotating shaft and the speed increaser is easy, and the work efficiency is improved. Furthermore, even in the case where a registration error occurs in the extending direction of the rotating shaft for some reason, since the connecting position of the adapter can be changed without moving the speed increasing machine, the efficiency of the connecting work is improved. .

Further, with the friction coupling structure, since the hub-side end portion of the adapter joint can constitute an outer diameter smaller than the case where the portion is a flange, a part of the adapter joint is disposed on the speed increaser side of the fixed shaft. Internally, the length of the rotating shaft is shortened, and even if such a configuration is formed, the inner diameter of the fixed shaft can be reduced to be smaller than the outer diameter of the flange portion. Further, by forming the end portion on the side opposite to the speed increaser side of the fixed shaft to be thinner than the end portion on the speed increaser side of the fixed shaft, the fixed shaft itself is small and lightweight, and the fixed shaft is away from the main frame. The side becomes lighter, and the moment force acting on the joint portion between the fixed main shaft and the main frame is reduced, so that the support structure can be miniaturized.

(Modification 1)

Next, a modification of the first embodiment will be described using FIG. In addition, the structure and effect which overlap with Example 1 are abbreviate|omitted here. In the first embodiment, a high-pressure fluid is used in the adapter 13 for pushing the frictional coupling portion 13b in the inner diameter direction by the pressure means 13c. However, in the first modification, a portion replaced with a bolt and an embodiment are used. 1 different.

Specifically, the pressure means 13c and the intermediate ring 13k having a schematic ring shape are provided on the outer diameter side of the friction coupling portion 13b, and the push-out portion of the inner circumference of the pressure means 13c and the push-out portion of the outer circumference of the intermediate ring 13k are provided. The fitting is performed, and the pressure means 13c and the intermediate ring 13k are screwed by the bolt in the extending direction of the rotating shaft.

When the pressure means 13c and the intermediate ring 13k are screwed, the force of the pressure means 13c to push the intermediate ring 13k and the frictional coupling portion 13b toward the inner diameter side is generated, so that the inner diameter of the through hole 13e is reduced, and the friction coupling joint The inner circumferential surface of the portion 13b and the outer circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 11 generate a contact pressure and a static friction force at the contact interface, and the adapter joint 13 and the rotary shaft 11 are coupled.

In the first modification, there is an advantage that the adapter and the rotating shaft can be coupled even if a pressure source for supplying a high-pressure fluid to the pressure means is not prepared.

Further, in the present embodiment, a configuration in which a bearing is disposed between a fixed shaft and a hub using a fixed shaft will be described as an example, but in addition to this, a hub and a rotating shaft may be formed, for example, without providing the aforementioned fixed shaft, and The rotating shaft is supported by a bearing disposed on the outer circumference.

Further, in the present embodiment, the wind power generator having the speed increaser and the generator as separate entities will be described, but the structure in which the rotary shaft and the speed increaser-integrated generator are connected through the adapter is connected. It is also a matter of natural application.

In the present embodiment, the structure in which the end portion on the hub side opposite to the side of the rotary shaft speed increasing machine 12 is expanded in the radial direction is described as an example. However, the structure of the enlarged diameter portion is different from that of the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 2, the shape of the expansion shape from the speed increaser side of the rotary shaft is increased in accordance with the structure in which the outer diameter is increased toward the hub side, and the structure in which the shaft and the flange are joined can be smoothly applied. Under the words.

1‧‧‧ leaves

3‧‧‧Tower

10‧‧·wheels

11‧‧‧Rotary axis

11a‧‧‧Expanding Department

12‧‧‧Speed increaser

12a‧‧‧Input shaft

13‧‧‧Adapter connector

20‧‧‧Generator

21‧‧‧Coupling

30‧‧‧Fixed shaft

31a, 31b‧‧‧ Bearings

32‧‧‧Main frame

Claims (8)

A wind power generator comprising: a hub on which a blade that receives wind is rotated; a rotating shaft that is coupled to the hub for rotational movement; a speed increaser; and an adapter that rotates the rotating shaft and the aforementioned speed increase The machine is connected and the rotating shaft and the speed increaser are formed as separate bodies, and the outer diameter of the side end of the speed increaser is larger than the side end of the hub. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the hub side end of the adapter joint is frictionally coupled. The wind turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the hub side end of the adapter joint is constituted by a friction coupling joint, and the friction coupling joint is disposed on an outer diameter side of the rotation shaft. The wind power generator according to claim 3, further comprising a pressure means for pushing the frictional coupling to the inner diameter side on the outer diameter side of the frictional coupling. The wind power generator according to claim 4, wherein the friction coupling joint is formed in a push-out shape along the rotating shaft, and the pressure means has a push-out shape with the friction coupling joint. Chiseled push-up. The wind turbine generator according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the rotating shaft has an enlarged diameter in which an end portion on a side opposite to the speed increasing machine side is expanded in a radial direction. The wind turbine generator according to the sixth aspect of the invention, further comprising: a fixed shaft disposed on an outer diameter side of the rotating shaft; and a bearing disposed between the hub and the fixed shaft. In the wind turbine generator according to the seventh aspect of the invention, the end portion of the fixed shaft opposite to the speed increaser side is thinner than the end portion of the fixed shaft on the speed increaser side.