TWI563998B - A driving mechanism of an electric vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Drive mechanism for electric vehicle

The invention relates to a driving mechanism for an electric vehicle, in particular to a driving and steering mechanism suitable for an electric vehicle such as a scooter or a wheelchair.

As the technology of electric vehicles becomes more and more mature, people with physical disabilities or inconvenient movements, elderly people, etc. can move freely with the help of electric wheelchairs or scooters. Generally, the structure of an electric vehicle can be roughly divided into a seat, a control interface, a driving mechanism, and a battery. When the electric vehicle turns, since the strokes of the inner and outer tires are different, it is necessary to make the tires on both sides generate different rotation speeds, so that the steering is smooth. .

For example, the new patent application No. 568036 provides a structure of a reducer for an electric vehicle, which is designed as an integral structure, and a connecting portion is formed at the axial top end of the casing to be coupled with the frame. The axial bottom end of the housing is provided with a grouping port, so as to be set as a group of internal components of the speed reducer, and then the cover of the reducer is closed by a cover from the set port, thereby obtaining the two ends of the gear rack It is directly erected with the housing, and the influence of the assembly opening and the cover clearance on the meshing of the driving toothed rod and the transmission toothed rod is eliminated, and accordingly, the optimal structural force point state is obtained even if the speed reducer is under a heavy load. , to operate smoothly without biting teeth or tooth decay.

However, according to the connection method of the prior art, since the shafts of the motor and the reducer are arranged in the orthogonal direction, the space behind the wheel is occupied, so that the space of the bottom of the electric vehicle cannot be provided with the frame, the bracket or the power supply control of the reinforcing structure. The components are placed to reduce the efficiency of space utilization. In addition, since there is no rigid support structure between the wheels on the left and right sides, if the road surface is rough or the like during traveling, the axial position of the two wheels can be asymmetrical, resulting in deterioration of the transmission efficiency.

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of low utilization of the vehicle bottom space and poor transmission efficiency in the prior art described above.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a driving mechanism for an electric vehicle comprising a two power unit and a center shaft. Each of the power units includes a motor, a speed reducer driven by the motor, and a roller connected to the speed reducer, wherein the motor includes a main rod, a motor gear disposed at the end of the main rod, the deceleration The device includes a reduction gear that meshes with the motor gear and has a larger number of teeth than the motor gear, a transmission rod disposed at the reduction gear and the shaft of the roller, and a bearing disposed on a side of the motor gear away from the roller. The central shaft is disposed at each of the roller shaft center connection positions, and the two ends of the central shaft are respectively sleeved on each of the bearings, and each of the motors is disposed on opposite sides of the central shaft to achieve an improvement. Space utilization and shortening the length of the motor transmission line can reduce electromagnetic radiation interference.

Further, the driving mechanism of the electric vehicle further includes a chassis unit including a 20,000-way wheel, and a frame connecting each of the universal wheel and each of the power units and forming a four-wheel structure. Each of the universal wheels has the same wheel diameter as each of the rollers.

Further, the frame body includes a platform, a plurality of steps having a step difference with the platform, and a support rod for each of the motors and each of the speed reducers, and a platform defined by the platform and each of the support rods The accommodating area, and each of the motor, each of the speed reducer and the central shaft are disposed in the accommodating area.

Further, the driving mechanism of the electric vehicle further includes an electronic control unit disposed on the platform, and the electronic control unit includes two transmission lines electrically connected to each of the motors.

Further, each of the motor shafts is parallel to the central shaft, which can offset the offset of the two roller shaft centers, thereby optimizing the transmission efficiency.

Further, each of the power units includes an electromagnet and a sheet operatively attached to the electromagnet or locked to the motor.

Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects over the prior art:

1. According to the arrangement of the power unit on both sides of the central shaft, the motor and the reducer can be compactly combined to achieve better space utilization efficiency, and the arrangement can also shorten the length of the transmission line. Reduce the effects of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI).

2. The central shaft of the present invention can be used as the axis between the two rollers. When the road surface is rugged and the height difference between the two rollers is generated, the central shaft can offset the offset of the two roller shaft centers, thereby optimizing the transmission. effectiveness.

100‧‧‧ drive mechanism for electric vehicles

10‧‧‧Power unit

11‧‧‧Motor

111‧‧‧ main pole

112‧‧‧Motor gear

12‧‧‧Reducer

121‧‧‧Reduction gear

122‧‧‧Transmission rod

123‧‧‧ bearing

13‧‧‧Roller

14‧‧‧Electromagnet

15‧‧‧来片

20‧‧‧Central shaft

30‧‧‧Chassis unit

31‧‧‧ universal wheel

32‧‧‧ ‧ frame

321‧‧‧ platform

322‧‧‧holding pole

323‧‧‧Receiving area

40‧‧‧Electronic control unit

41‧‧‧ transmission line

200‧‧‧Electric wheelchair

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2: Side view of the invention applied to an electric wheelchair.

Figure 3 is a plan view showing the appearance of the power unit and the central shaft of the present invention.

Figure 4: Internal plan view of the power unit of the present invention.

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the operation of a single power unit of the present invention.

For a more detailed description of the technical features and operation modes of the present application, and with reference to the illustrations, please refer to the review. In addition, the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a driving mechanism 100 for an electric vehicle, comprising a two-power unit 10, and a central shaft 20, the main function of which is to provide power to the electric vehicle and to control Such as forward, backward, steering or braking. In the present invention, the electric wheelchair 200 is an exemplary embodiment to explain the operation mode of the present invention. It is understood that the present invention is also applicable to include, but is not limited to, electric vehicles such as electric scooters, electric tricycles, and remote controls. Car or goods transfer device, etc.

Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 together, each of the power units 10 includes a motor 11 , a speed reducer 12 driven by the motor 11 , and a roller 13 connected to the speed reducer 12 . The motor 11 includes a main rod 111, a motor gear 112 disposed at the end of the main rod 111, and the speed reducer 12 includes a reduction gear 121 that is coupled to the motor gear 112 and has a larger number of teeth than the motor gear 112. The reduction gear 121 and the transmission rod 122 at the axial center of the roller 13 and a bearing 123 disposed on the side of the motor gear 112 away from the roller 13 are provided. In this embodiment, each of the motors 11 has a cylindrical shape, and the motor gear 112 is orthogonally connected to the reduction gear 121 such that the motor 11 and the speed reducer 12 are disposed in parallel with each other. Each of the power units 10 includes an electromagnet 14 and a sheet 15 operatively adsorbed to the electromagnet 14 or locked to the motor 11, thereby controlling the braking operation of the electric wheelchair 200.

The central shaft 20 is disposed at each of the axial connection positions of the roller 13 . The two ends of the central shaft 20 are respectively sleeved on each of the bearings 123 , and each of the power units 10 is disposed on the central shaft 20 . On the opposite sides, a horizontal reverse mirroring pattern as shown in Fig. 3 can be formed. Due to the motor 11, The reducer 12 and the central shaft 20 are disposed in parallel with each other such that the members can be compactly connected together to improve space utilization efficiency; meanwhile, the central shaft 20 and each of the transmission rods 122 pass through the bearing. 123 connection, when the situation of the rough road surface and the like causes the axis between the two rollers 13 to be misaligned, the central shaft 20 can compensate for the axial shift of the two rollers 13, and can maintain each The motor 11 can completely drive each of the rollers 13 to improve transmission efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the embodiment, the driving mechanism 100 of the electric vehicle further includes a chassis unit 30 including a 20,000 wheel 31, and a connecting each of the universal wheels 31 and Each of the power units 10 constitutes a frame body 32 of a four-wheel structure, and each of the universal wheels 31 has the same wheel diameter as each of the rollers 13. Therefore, when an obstacle appears in front or when the slope is steep, the universal wheel 31 can guide an action such as advancing and climbing. Moreover, the frame body 32 includes a platform 321 having a step difference with the platform 321 and a support rod 322 for each of the motor 11 and each of the speed reducers 12, and a platform 321 and each The holding rods 322 are defined by the accommodating area 323, and each of the motor 11, each of the speed reducer 12 and the central shaft 20 is disposed on the accommodating area 323. The platform 321 is provided with an electronic control unit 40. The electronic control unit 40 can be a microcontroller or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which includes two transmission lines 41 electrically connected to each of the motors 11 respectively. Since the distance between the electronic control unit 40 and each of the motors 11 is short, and the inductive impedance is reduced, the electromagnetic interference can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the electronic control.

In summary, the present invention can make the power unit 10 and the central shaft 20 compactly arranged together, thereby improving the space utilization efficiency of the steering and driving mechanism on the electric vehicle, and the central shaft 20 can also reduce the problem of offset of the axial center of each of the rollers 13 during traveling, and can achieve the effect of reducing the cost of the drive circuit against electromagnetic interference.

100‧‧‧ drive mechanism for electric vehicles

10‧‧‧Power unit

11‧‧‧Motor

13‧‧‧Roller

20‧‧‧Central shaft

30‧‧‧Chassis unit

31‧‧‧ universal wheel

32‧‧‧ ‧ frame

321‧‧‧ platform

322‧‧‧holding pole

40‧‧‧Electronic control unit

41‧‧‧ transmission line

Claims (4)

A driving mechanism for an electric vehicle includes: two power units, each of the power units respectively including a motor, a speed reducer driven by the motor, and a roller connected to the speed reducer, wherein the motor includes a main a rod, a motor gear disposed at an end of the main rod, the speed reducer includes a reduction gear that meshes with the motor gear and has a larger number of teeth than the motor gear, and a transmission rod disposed at the reduction gear and the shaft of the roller, And a bearing disposed on a side of the motor gear away from the roller; a central shaft disposed at each of the roller shaft center connection positions, the two ends of the central shaft are respectively sleeved on each of the bearings, and each a motor disposed on opposite sides of the central shaft; and a chassis unit including a 20,000 wheel, and a connecting each of the universal wheel and each of the power units and forming a four-wheel structure a frame body, each of the universal wheel and the wheel diameter of each of the rollers; wherein the frame body comprises a platform, the plurality of steps having a step difference with the platform and for each of the motors and each of the speed reducers The holding of the lever, and together define the accommodating area of the platform with a holder each holding the rod, and each of the motor, each of the central shaft of the reduction gear and disposed in the accommodation area. The driving mechanism of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising an electronic control unit disposed on the platform, the electronic control unit comprising two transmission lines electrically connected to each of the motors. The driving mechanism of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the motor shafts is parallel to the central shaft. The driving mechanism of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the power units includes an electromagnet, and a blade operatively attached to the electromagnet or locked to the motor.