TWI530980B - 開關板及包括此開關板之電池模組和電池組 - Google Patents

開關板及包括此開關板之電池模組和電池組 Download PDF

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TWI530980B
TWI530980B TW101144305A TW101144305A TWI530980B TW I530980 B TWI530980 B TW I530980B TW 101144305 A TW101144305 A TW 101144305A TW 101144305 A TW101144305 A TW 101144305A TW I530980 B TWI530980 B TW I530980B
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battery
switch board
temperature detecting
switching elements
board
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TW201340157A (zh
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李賢敏
李在瓚
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Lg化學股份有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
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    • H01M10/63Control systems
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302Overcharge protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304Overcurrent protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306Overdischarge protection
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    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/0201Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203Cooling of mounted components
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    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/0201Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203Cooling of mounted components
    • H05K1/0209External configuration of printed circuit board adapted for heat dissipation, e.g. lay-out of conductors, coatings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/11Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K1/115Via connections; Lands around holes or via connections
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545Temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01M2200/10Temperature sensitive devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007Types of components
    • H05K2201/10151Sensor
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    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • H05K2201/10166Transistor
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    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10227Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
    • H05K2201/10416Metallic blocks or heatsinks completely inserted in a PCB
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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Description

開關板及包括此開關板之電池模組和電池組
本發明關於一開關板的新穎結構及一包括上述開關板的電池模組,並且,更具體地說,關於一具有安裝在一印刷電路板(PCB)上用於溫度測量之開關元件之開關板,該印刷電路板具有一電路電連接至一構成一電池模組的單元電池,該開關板包含一具有一對開關元件的上板、一溫度偵測元件、及一個或多個垂直通孔,該開關元件電連接至該電路,該溫度偵測元件及該些垂直通孔被佈置於該些開關元件之間,以及一下板,其具有一加熱墊位於對應該些垂直通孔及該溫度偵測元件之位置。
隨著移動設備日益發達,且如此移動設備的需求有所增加,作為移動設備的能源的二次電池的需求也急劇增加。同時,滿足多樣需求的二次電池之大量研究已在進行。
在電池材料方面,具有高能量密度、高放電電壓、且輸出穩定的鋰二次電池之需求是非常高的。在電池的形狀方面,棱柱形電池或袋形電池,其足夠薄以應用於如移動電話之產品,且可用於由該些電池高度整合堆疊製造之電池模組之電池,其需求是非常高的。
雖然一鋰二次電池具有上述優點,鋰二次電池有低安全性的根本問題。例如,如果電池被過充電,從該電池產生的可燃氣體加速該電池的電極的電解質分解。另外,由 於各種原因,諸如內部短路、構成電池組件分解造成的電池溫度上升而引起電池的過電流。由於諸如過充電或過電流等,電池可能容易著火。在這些情況下,電池可能會爆炸。此外,除了過電流之外的原因造成電池的溫度上昇也可能導致上述的問題。出於這個原因,為了解決上述問題的各種安全元件被安裝該鋰二次電池之中。
具體而言,二次電池之保護電路主要感測電壓、電流、及該二次電池的溫度以偵查該二次電池的的狀態。一般情況下,該保護電路檢測電池單元的溫度及場效電晶體(FET)元件之溫度,並當感測到的溫度超過預定溫度時,執行保護功能。
圖1是一平面圖,示出了部分的傳統開關板10。參照圖1,該開關板10包含一對開關元件12及一溫度偵測元件(圖中未示出)設置該些開關元件12之間。熱膠15施加於該溫度偵測元件(圖中未示出)。
該開關元件12之溫度透過熱膠15被測量。然而,在上述結構中,測得的溫度可能取決於熱膠的導熱係數而改變。此外,由於熱膠的散熱效果,可能難以準確地測量該開關元件12之溫度。此外,由於在一電池管理單元(BMU)製造過程中的製造步驟數量增加,製造成本及缺陷率可能會增加。
因此,能夠降低電池的製造成本的一種技術具有高度必要性,且在確保所需程度的安全性同時,精確地測量電池的溫度。
因此,本發明已完成用以解決上述問題及其他尚未解決的技術問題。
本發明的一個目的是提供一種新穎的開關板,包含一垂直通孔及一加熱墊,從而防止測得的電池溫度依傳熱係數而被改變,及降低缺陷率。
根據本發明之一面向,藉由提供一具有安裝於一印刷電路板(PCB)上用於溫度測量的開關元件的開關板,上述及其它目的可被完成,該印刷電路板具有一電路電連接到構成一電池模組的一單元電池,該開關板包括一上板,其具有一對開關元件,一溫度偵測元件,以及一或多個垂直通孔,該些開關元件電連接到該電路,該溫度偵測元件及該些垂直貫通孔被設置於該些開關元件之間,及一下板,其具有一加熱墊位於一相對應該些垂直通孔及該溫度偵測元件的位置。
在傳統開關板中,熱膠適用於一溫度偵測元件。造成測得的溫度隨著熱膠的傳熱係數改變的結果,因此,其難以準確地測量溫度。
與傳統開關板相比,本發明之開關板不使用熱膠。因此,本發明之開關板不受熱膠的傳熱係數所影響。此外,其可防止該開關元件的溫度因為熱膠之散熱效果而被不準確地測量。
該開關元件電連接至構成一電池模組的單元電池以控制流動於該等單元電池中的電流。該開關元件連接到一保 護電路,其用於檢測該些單元電池之電壓及/或電流以控制該等開關元件。
該些開關元件沒有特別的限制,只要求該些開關元件可控制該些單元電池之過充電、過放電、及過電流。例如,場效電晶體(FET)元件或電晶體可作為該些開關元件。較好地,該些場效電晶體元件被用作開關元件。
較好地,該上板與該下板是整合的。該上板及該下板也可以各種方式整合。例如,該上板及該下板可透過熱焊接、粘接、或嵌件射出成型方式來整合。
在一較佳實施例中,該加熱墊偵測該等開關元件產生的熱並傳輸感測到的熱至該溫度偵測元件。也就是說,該開關板被配置為具有一新穎結構,包括該些垂直通孔及該加熱墊。因此,通過該些垂直通孔所傳送的溫度通過該加熱墊而傳送至該溫度偵測元件,也因此,精確的溫度測量是可能的。
該加熱墊由金屬材料,如鋁或鋁合金製成,表現出高的熱導率,使得該加熱墊可以更容易地傳遞從該些開關元件產生的熱量。
在另一較佳實施例中,該溫度偵測元件可以是一片式熱敏電阻。
根據本發明的另一面向,提供了一包括該開關板的電池模組。
根據本發明的再一面向,提供了一包括該電池模組的電池組。
根據本發明之電池組可作為一中等或者大尺寸裝置之電源。該中等或者大尺寸的移動設備可以是一電動車、一油電混合車、一可插頭充電(plug-in)油電混合車、或一蓄電系統。
該電池組的結構及製造方法,包括該電池模組的電池組及包含該電池模組之中型或大型電池組,在本發明涉及之技術領域為眾所周知的,因此它們的詳細描述將被省略。
從上面的描述可以清楚地看出,根據本發明之一開關板包括一垂直通孔及一加熱墊。因此,能夠防止電池測得溫度依傳熱係數而改變,從而精確地檢測電池的溫度並降低缺陷率。
現在,本發明的較佳實施例,將參照附圖來詳細描述。然而,應當指出,本發明的申請專利範圍並不限於圖示的實施例。
圖2是一分解透視圖,示出一根據本發明之一實施例的開關板100,圖3是一平面圖,示出了圖2中所示的開關板100之一部分。
參照這些附圖,開關板100包括一上板110及一下板120。在該上板110上成形一對場效電晶體(FET)元件111,一片式熱敏電阻元件112,以及一或多個垂直通孔115。該片式熱敏電阻元件112及該些垂直通孔115設置 於該些場效電晶體元件111之間。為了描述的方便,在圖2中該上板110及該下板120顯示為彼此分離。然而,如前所述,該上板110及該下板120可以各種方式整合。
在該下板120安裝由呈現出高熱導率材料所形成之一加熱墊125,使得加熱墊125對應於該垂直通孔115及該片式熱敏電阻元件112。
加熱墊125偵測由這些場效電晶體元件111產生的熱量並傳送偵測到的熱量至晶片式熱敏電阻元件112。因此,加熱墊125精確地測量該場效電晶體元件111之溫度而不受傳熱係數之影響是可能的。
雖然為了說明目的已公開了本發明的較佳實施例,在本領域中熟知該技術的人員該當理解,在不脫離申請專利範圍中所揭露之本發明的範圍及精神的情況下,各種修改、添加及替換是可能的。
10‧‧‧傳統開關板
12‧‧‧開關元件
15‧‧‧熱膠
100‧‧‧開關板
110‧‧‧上板
111‧‧‧場效電晶體元件
112‧‧‧晶片式熱敏電阻元件
115‧‧‧垂直通孔
120‧‧‧下板
125‧‧‧加熱墊
本發明上述及其它目的、特徵及其它優點將由下方的詳細描述並結合附圖被更清楚地理解,其中:圖1是一平面圖,示出了一傳統開關板之一部分;圖2是一分解透視圖,示出了根據本發明之一實施例之開關板;及圖3是一平面圖,示出了圖2所示開關板之一部分。
100‧‧‧開關板
110‧‧‧上板
111‧‧‧場效電晶體元件
112‧‧‧熱敏電阻元件
115‧‧‧垂直通孔
120‧‧‧下板
125‧‧‧加熱墊

Claims (9)

  1. 一種開關板,其具有安裝於一印刷電路板(PCB)上用於溫度測量的開關元件,該印刷電路板具有一電路電連接到構成一電池模組的一單元電池,該開關板包括:一上板,其具有一對開關元件,一溫度偵測元件,以及一或多個垂直通孔,該些開關元件電連接到該電路,該溫度偵測元件及該些垂直貫通孔被設置於該些開關元件之間;及一下板,其具有一加熱墊位於一相對應該些垂直通孔及該溫度偵測元件的位置;其中該上板及該下板是整合的。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之開關板,其中該開關元件為場效電晶體(FET)元件。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之開關板,其中該加熱墊偵測該些開關元件產生的熱量並傳送偵測到的熱量至該溫度偵測元件。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之開關板,其中該加熱墊由展現熱傳導性之材料形成。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之開關板,其中該溫度偵測元件為一片式熱敏電阻。
  6. 一種電池模組,其包括如申請專利範圍第5項所述之開關板。
  7. 一種電池組,其包括如申請專利範圍第6項所述之電池模組。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之電池組,其中該電池組作為一裝置之電源。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之電池組,其中該裝置是一電動車、一油電混合車、一可插頭充電油電混合車、或一蓄電系統。
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