TWI530654B - 扁平熱管 - Google Patents

扁平熱管 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI530654B
TWI530654B TW100148725A TW100148725A TWI530654B TW I530654 B TWI530654 B TW I530654B TW 100148725 A TW100148725 A TW 100148725A TW 100148725 A TW100148725 A TW 100148725A TW I530654 B TWI530654 B TW I530654B
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Taiwan
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heat pipe
section
flat heat
opening
screen
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TW100148725A
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English (en)
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TW201326717A (zh
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范智峰
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鴻準精密工業股份有限公司
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Priority to TW100148725A priority Critical patent/TWI530654B/zh
Priority to US13/710,482 priority patent/US9423187B2/en
Publication of TW201326717A publication Critical patent/TW201326717A/zh
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Publication of TWI530654B publication Critical patent/TWI530654B/zh
Priority to US15/205,009 priority patent/US20160320143A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Description

扁平熱管
本發明涉及一種傳熱裝置，特別涉及一種扁平熱管。
目前，由於熱管具有較快的傳熱速度，而廣泛應用於具較大發熱量的電子元件的散熱。習知的扁平熱管通常包括一中空扁平狀的密閉殼體、設於該殼體內的毛細結構及填充於殼體內的工作介質。該毛細結構通常包括溝槽式、燒結粉末式或絲網式，由於絲網式的毛細結構具有毛細力強、製造簡單等特點被廣泛的應用。然而，習知的絲網式毛細結構通常為貼設於該殼體的整個內壁，其佔用殼體內部較多的空間，在殼體被打扁後，尤其在整體厚度小於2mm以下時，將會使殼體內氣態工作介質的流動空間不足而影響其導熱性能。
有鑒於此，有必要提供一種能保證氣態工作介質具有較大流動空間的扁平熱管。
一種扁平熱管，包括一密封的殼體、形成於殼體內的一腔體及填充於該腔體內的工作介質，該殼體的內壁上設有一絲網式毛細結構，該毛細結構上設有至少一個開孔，所述開孔與腔體連通並與腔體一起作為氣態工作介質流動的空間。
與習知技術相比，該扁平熱管由於所述開孔的設置，減小了液態 工作介質回流的阻力，增大了扁平熱管內的氣態工作介質的流動空間，從而防止熱管因壓扁而造成蒸氣流道不足造成的影響。
100‧‧‧扁平熱管
10‧‧‧殼體
20‧‧‧工作介質
30‧‧‧毛細結構
50‧‧‧腔體
102‧‧‧蒸發段
103‧‧‧絕熱段
104‧‧‧冷凝段
13‧‧‧頂壁
11‧‧‧底壁
15‧‧‧側壁
31、31a、31b、31c、31d、31e、31f‧‧‧絲網
32、32a、32b‧‧‧開孔
33‧‧‧銅片
圖1為本發明扁平熱管的一實施例的軸向剖面示意圖。
圖2為圖1所示扁平熱管的絕熱段的橫截面示意圖。
圖3為圖1所示扁平熱管的蒸發段及冷凝段的橫截面示意圖。
圖4為圖1所示扁平熱管內的絲網展開後的示意圖。
圖5為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第二實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖6為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第三實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖7為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第四實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖8為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第五實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖9為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第六實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖10為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第七實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖11為本發明扁平熱管內的絲網第八實施例的展開後的示意圖。
圖1為本發明扁平熱管100的一實施例的縱向截面示意圖。該扁平熱管100包括一殼體10、填充於該殼體10內的適量工作介質20及一貼設於殼體10內壁上的毛細結構30。該扁平熱管100的一端為蒸發段102，另一端為冷凝段104，其中間段為絕熱段103。
請同時參閱圖2及圖3，該殼體10為扁平狀，其整體厚度可為2mm以下，可由銅、鋁等導熱性良好的金屬材料製成。該殼體10包括 一平板狀的底壁11、與該底壁11相對的一頂壁13及連接於該底壁11與頂壁13之間的兩弧形的側壁15，所述頂壁13、底壁11及側壁15合圍成一密閉的腔體50。該腔體50內通常被抽成真空或接近真空，以利於工作介質20的受熱蒸發。該工作介質20可為水、酒精、氨水及其混合物等潛熱較高的液體。
該毛細結構30為絲網式的毛細結構，其為圓筒狀，貼設於該殼體10的內壁上，並由蒸發段102延伸至其冷凝段104。該毛細結構30係由圖4所示的絲網31捲曲而成。該絲網31為長條矩形，其上設有兩個開孔32。本實施例中，所述兩個開孔32為矩形，沿絲網31的寬度方向間隔設置，且均設於絲網31的邊端以內。所述兩個開孔32僅設於扁平熱管100的絕熱段103上，每一開孔32的寬度大致佔整個絲網31寬度的四分之一，其長度與絕熱段的長度相同。如圖2所示，為扁平熱管100的絕熱段103的橫截面示意圖。所述兩個開孔32分別與絕熱段103的側壁15相對應。如圖3所示，為扁平熱管100的蒸發段102及冷凝段104的橫截面示意圖。所述扁平熱管100的蒸發段102及冷凝段104中的毛細結構30上未設有開孔32，其貼設於殼體10的整個內壁上。由於所述開孔32的設置，相對於習知的整體內壁設有絲網式毛細結構的扁平熱管，減小了絲網31的局部面積，增大了扁平熱管100內的氣態工作介質的流動空間，從而防止扁平熱管100因壓扁而造成蒸氣流道不足造成的影響。由於所述開孔32的設置，減小了液態工作介質回流的阻力，其由於開孔32僅設於扁平熱管100的絕熱段103，使其蒸發段102及冷凝段104仍保持較強的毛細作用力，可保證扁平熱管100同時具有較小的液體回流阻力與較大的毛細作用力，提高導熱性能。
圖5為本發明扁平熱管100的第二實施例的絕熱段103的橫向截面示意圖。本實施例與前一實施例的結構大體相同，其不同之處在於：所述絲網31設於殼體10內後，所述開孔32分別與絕熱段103的部分頂壁13及底壁11對應。
圖6為本發明扁平熱管100內的絲網31的第二實施例的示意圖，本實施例的絲網31a構造與第一實施例中絲網31的結構大體相同，其區別在於：所述絲網31a上僅對應扁平熱管100的絕熱段103設有一個開孔32a，所述開孔32a的寬度大致佔整個絲網31a寬度的二分之一。
圖7為本發明扁平熱管100內的絲網31的第三實施例的示意圖，本實施例與上述兩個實施例中絲網31、31a的結構區別在於：所述絲網31b上對應扁平熱管100的絕熱段103上設有三個開孔32b，其中一個開孔32b設於絲網31b的中間，另兩個開孔32b分別設於絲網31b的邊端，且所述三個開孔32b的整體寬度大致佔整個絲網31b寬度的二分之一。
圖8為本發明扁平熱管100內的絲網31的第四實施例的示意圖，本實施例與上述第三實施例中絲網31、31a、31b的結構區別在於：所述絲網31c上於中間的開孔32b的中部還設有一銅片33連接於該開孔32b的兩邊端，從而增強其結構強度。
具體實施時，所述絲網31、31a、31b、31c上開孔32、32a、32b的個數及位置不限於上述實施例的情況，其可為一個、兩個，亦可為多個，即圖9所示絲網31d；其可設於絲網31、31a、31b、31c的中間，亦可設於絲網31、31a、31b、31c的邊端；其可僅設於扁平熱管100的絕熱段103上，亦可由絕熱段103延伸至蒸發段 102或冷凝段104，或由蒸發段102延伸至冷凝段104，當開孔延伸至蒸發段102時，所述開孔32、32a、32b僅限於與蒸發段102的頂壁13及側壁15結合，以保證與熱源貼合的底壁11位置設有毛細結構30；其可沿絲網31、31a、31b、31c的寬度方向並排設置亦可沿絲網31、31a、31b、31c的長度方向並排設置。所述絲網31、31a、31b、31c上開孔32、32a、32b的形狀亦不限於上述實施例的情況，其可為方形，亦可為等腰梯形，即圖10所示的絲網31e，還可為三角形，即圖11所示的絲網31f。所述毛細結構30的層數亦不限於上述實施例的情況，其可為一層、兩層，亦可為多層，同時於最內層的毛細結構30上設有開孔32、32a、32b，或每層上都對應設有開孔32、32a、32b。
下面以具體實驗資料說明本發明具有開孔的絲網毛細結構的扁平熱管100比具有傳統絲網式毛細結構的熱管的傳熱性能強。
備註：Qmax為扁平熱管操作溫度在50℃時的最大傳熱量，平均熱阻值Rth=(蒸發段平均溫度-冷凝段平均溫度)/Qmax
如表1中所示，在扁平熱管100的絲網式毛細結構上設有一個開孔32a後，其最大傳熱量顯著增加，而其平均熱阻值基本沒有變化，提高的其導熱性能；在扁平熱管100的絲網式毛細結構上設有兩個開孔32後，其最大傳熱量略微增加，而其平均熱阻值顯著降低，綜合而言，相對於習知技術仍提高的其導熱性能；絲網31c上設有三個開孔32b且中間開孔32b設有銅片33的熱管，雖然熱阻較習知的扁平熱管有所增大，但最大傳熱量卻顯著提高，兼顧結構強度及導熱性能。
綜上所述，本發明的具有開孔32、32a、32b的絲網式的扁平熱管100增大了其內的氣態工作介質的流動空間，從而防止因壓扁而造成蒸氣流道不足造成的影響，兼具較小熱阻較高毛細作用力的功能，其傳熱性能大幅提升。
可以理解的係，對於本領域的普通技術)人員來說，可以根據本發明的技術構思做出其他各種像應的改變與變形，而所有這些改變與變形都應屬於本發明權利要求的保護範圍。
綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍內。
20‧‧‧工作介質
30‧‧‧毛細結構
50‧‧‧腔體
102‧‧‧蒸發段
104‧‧‧冷凝段
13‧‧‧頂壁
11‧‧‧底壁
15‧‧‧側壁
32‧‧‧開孔

Claims (10)

  1. 一種扁平熱管，包括一密封的殼體、形成於該殼體內的一腔體及填充於該腔體內的工作介質，其改良在於：該殼體的內壁上設有一毛細結構，該毛細結構由一絲網捲曲呈圓筒狀後貼設於該殼體的內壁上，該絲網上設有至少一個開孔，所述開孔與該腔體連通並與該腔體一起作為氣態工作介質流動的空間。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述開孔為矩形、等腰梯形或三角形。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述熱管包括一蒸發段、一冷凝段及連接於該蒸發段與冷凝段之間的絕熱段，所述開孔對應設於該熱管的絕熱段上。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述熱管包括一蒸發段、一冷凝段及連接於該蒸發段與該冷凝段之間的絕熱段，所述開孔由該絕熱段延伸至該冷凝段。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第3項或第4項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述開孔沿該絲網的寬度方向並排設置。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述開孔的整體寬度為該絲網寬度的二分之一。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述開孔設於該絲網的中部。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述熱管包括一蒸發段、一冷凝段及連接於該蒸發段與冷凝段之間的絕熱段，所述開孔由該蒸發段延伸至該絕熱段或該冷凝段，所述開孔未延伸至該蒸發段的底壁上。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述開孔沿該絲網的長度方向並排設置。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的扁平熱管，其中所述熱管的整體厚度在2mm以下。
TW100148725A 2011-12-26 2011-12-26 扁平熱管 TWI530654B (zh)

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