TWI530592B - Apparatus and method of electrochemical machining - Google Patents

Description

Electrolysis processing device and processing method thereof

The invention relates to electrolytic processing technology, in particular to an electrolytic processing device and a processing method.

Electrochemical processing (Electrochemical Machining, ECM) is a processing method that removes materials by the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution. Electrolytic processing has the advantages of high processing speed, high processing precision, good surface quality, no heat affected layer, no macro cutting force, no loss of tool cathode and no limitation on material strength, toughness and hardness, and aviation aerospace, weapons, Shipbuilding, automotive, medical equipment, electronics and other fields have been widely used.

A large number of components with complex structures such as shaped cavities and through-holes exist in the fields of electronics, automobiles, aerospace, weapons, etc., and their processing methods usually use electrochemical processing. The metal casing with through-hole structure (such as earphone hole, sound hole, logo, etc.) is processed by electrochemical machining, and at least two processes are required from the workpiece to be processed to the finished product to complete the processing of the entire material. This is because the feed of the machining electrode of the conventional electrolytic machining device is a Z-axis one-way feed, but the machining electrode is fixed to the fixed interface of the feed mechanism, so two or a plurality of independent machining electrodes are required, one for The workpiece to be machined is machined into a casing, and another one or a plurality of through-structures for the casing are machined. The above processing method requires manufacturing a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of feeding mechanisms, and the processing cost is high, and the electrode storage and error are replaced, so that it is difficult to satisfy the machining accuracy. And the processing cycle is long. Although many patents have proposed the use of simple electrodes for the development of three-dimensional processing of the complex structure of the workpiece, and achieved good results. However, this processing electrode requires a plurality of feeding mechanisms, and the complicated cost of the device is high.

In view of the above circumstances, it is necessary to provide an electrolytic processing apparatus and a processing method which can continuously perform the processing of the cavity and the through hole of the metal casing.

An electrolytic processing apparatus includes a machining electrode, a workpiece holder, an electrolyte tank, a support mechanism, a Z-axis feed mechanism, an XY plane drive mechanism, a connecting member, and a feed control system. The processing electrode includes a first processing electrode and a second processing electrode that is in sliding engagement with the first processing electrode. The Z-axis feed mechanism includes a first Z-axis feed mechanism and a second Z-axis feed mechanism, and the first Z-axis feed mechanism and the second Z-axis feed mechanism are connected by the connector. The first machining electrode is fixed to the connecting member, and the second machining electrode is fixed to the output shaft of the second Z-axis feed mechanism. The feed control system controls the Z-axis feed mechanism to control the feeding and resetting of the machining electrode, and adjusts the relative positions of the first machined electrode working surface and the second machined electrode working surface for electrolytic processing of different shapes.

A method of electrolytic processing, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: By adjusting the relative positions of the processing surface of the first processing electrode and the processing surface of the second processing electrode, the processing surface of the first processing electrode and the processing surface of the second processing electrode are formed into a cavity Processing the surface, processing the shell-shaped cavity with the workpiece to be processed; Step 2: After the cavity is processed, by adjusting the position of the first processing electrode, forming a protrusion relative to the processing surface of the second processing electrode, only using the The second processing electrode performs processing of the through hole; Step 3: after the through hole is processed, the first processing electrode and the second processing electrode are upward After resetting, the workpiece is taken out, and the workpiece is a metal casing having a through-hole structure.

In the above-described electrolytic processing apparatus and the processing method thereof, by combining the processing electrodes and the arrangement of the combined Z-axis feeding mechanism, electrolytic processing of the metal casing having the penetrating structure is continuously performed without replacing the electrodes and the realignment elements. The invention can effectively reduce the number of processing equipment and the processing cycle for the electrolytic processing of complex structures, greatly saving costs and improving work efficiency.

100‧‧‧Electrolysis processing equipment

10‧‧‧Processing electrodes

11‧‧‧First processing electrode

111‧‧‧First processed electrode working surface

112, 73‧‧‧镂空部

113‧‧‧Processing electrode cavity working surface

12‧‧‧Second processing electrode

121‧‧‧Second processed electrode processing surface

20‧‧‧Support institutions

21‧‧‧ bracket

22‧‧‧Base

30‧‧‧Z-axis feed mechanism

31‧‧‧First Z-axis feed mechanism

32‧‧‧Second Z-axis feed mechanism

321‧‧‧ Output shaft

40‧‧‧XY plane drive mechanism

50‧‧‧ electrolyte tank

60‧‧‧Workpiece fixture

70‧‧‧Connecting parts

71‧‧‧ vertical section

72‧‧‧Levels

74‧‧‧ Stud

80‧‧‧Feed control system

90‧‧‧Workpiece

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrolytic processing apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a perspective exploded view of the processing electrode of the electrolytic processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the processing electrode of the electrolytic processing apparatus shown in Figure 1.

4 is a perspective view showing the combination of the processing electrode of the electrolytic processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the Z-axis feed mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of machining of the cavity of the electrolytic processing apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the state of processing of the through hole of the electrolytic processing apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Hereinafter, an electrolytic processing apparatus and a processing method thereof for a metal case having a through-hole structure provided by the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an electrolytic processing apparatus 100 provided by the present invention includes a processing electrode 10 , a supporting mechanism 20 , a Z-axis feeding mechanism 30 , an XY plane driving mechanism 40 , an electrolyte tank 50 , a workpiece holder 60 , a connecting member 70 , and To the control system 80.

The machining electrode 10 is fixed below the connector 70, and the connector is fixed to the Z-axis feed mechanism 30 to control the feeding of the machining electrode 10. Z-axis feed mechanism 30 is mounted on the branch On the support mechanism 20. The electrolyte tank 50 is provided on the XY plane drive mechanism 40, and the workpiece holder 60 is provided in the electrolyte tank 50. The feed control system 80 controls the feed and reset of the Z-axis feed mechanism 30.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 together, the processing electrode 10 is formed by combining the first processing electrode 11 and the second processing electrode 12. The shape of the first machining electrode 11 is substantially the same as the shape of the metal casing to be processed. The first machined electrode working surface 111 has a hollow portion 112, and the hollow portion 112 has substantially the same shape as the through hole of the metal casing to be processed, and the position of the hollow portion 112 and the first processed electrode working surface 111 and the through hole and the metal The position of the housing corresponds. The second machining electrode 12 is disposed on the hollow portion 112 of the first machining electrode 11 , and the second machining electrode 12 is slidably engaged with the hollow portion 112 of the first machining electrode 11 . At the same time, the second machining electrode working surface 121 has the same shape as the hollow portion 112, and when the first machining electrode machining surface 111 is flush with the second machining electrode machining surface 121, the machining electrode cavity machining surface 113 is formed.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 together, the support mechanism 20 includes a bracket 21 and a base 22, and the bracket 21 is vertically mounted on the base 22.

The Z-axis feed mechanism 30 includes a first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 and a second Z-axis feed mechanism 32. The first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 is mounted on the bracket 21 of the support mechanism 20.

The connecting member 70 includes a vertical portion 71, a leveling portion 72, and a hollow portion 73. The hollow portion 73 is formed on the leveling portion 72. The hollow portion 73 has a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape, preferably a circular shape. The vertical portion 71 is mounted on the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31.

The second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 is mounted above the hollow portion 73 of the connecting member 70, and the output shaft 321 of the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 passes vertically downward through the hollow portion 73. The first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 controls the feeding of the entire second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 by the connecting member 70. Simultaneously, The first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 and the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 are each fed in a separate program and the feed direction is parallel. The first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 and the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 may be programmable high-precision linear motion mechanisms such as a "stepping motor + ball screw" or a "voice coil motor linear actuator".

The first processing electrode 11 is erected under the hollow portion 73 of the connecting member 70 by a plurality of studs 74, and the output shaft 321 is aligned with the hollow portion 112 of the first processing electrode 11, the first processing electrode processing surface 111 and the connection. The leveling portion 72 of the member 70 is parallel.

The second machining electrode 12 is fixed to the output shaft 321 of the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 and slidably engages with the hollow portion 112 of the first machining electrode 11.

The XY plane drive mechanism 40 is disposed on the base 22, and is provided with an electrolyte tank 50 on the XY plane drive mechanism 40. The workpiece holder 60 is disposed with the inside of the electrolyte tank 50 for fixing the workpiece 90 to be processed. Controlling the movement of the electrolytic solution tank 50 by the XY plane driving mechanism 40 drives the movement of the workpiece holder 60 to control the position of the workpiece 90 to be processed.

The feed control system 80 controls the feeding and resetting of the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 and the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32. The relative position of the first processing electrode 11 and the second processing electrode 12 is adjusted by controlling the feeding and resetting of the second Z-axis feeding mechanism 32, when the first processing electrode processing surface 111 and the second processing electrode processing surface 121 are aligned Usually, the machining electrode cavity machining surface 113 is formed to perform machining of the casing cavity of the workpiece 90; when the second machining electrode 12 is convex relative to the first machining electrode machining surface 111, the machining of the workpiece 90 through hole can be performed.

The electrolytic processing apparatus 100 can continuously process the casing cavity and the through hole without replacing the machining electrode 10 by using the combined machining electrode 10, and provides an effective way for electrolytic processing of the metal casing having the through hole structure.

As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the steps of the electrolytic processing method are as follows:

Step 1: Fix the workpiece 90 to be processed on the workpiece holder 60, and adjust the XY plane driving mechanism 40 so that the workpiece 90 is directly under the processing electrode 10 and form a good alignment;

Step 2: The feed control system 80 controls the feeding of the second machining electrode 12 by controlling the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32, thereby adjusting the relative position of the second machining electrode 12 and the first machining electrode 11, so that the first The machining electrode processing surface 111 and the second machining electrode processing surface 121 are flush together to form the machining electrode cavity machining surface 113, and then the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 feeds the machining electrode 10 to adjust the machining gap, and starts to process the workpiece 90. Processing to form a cavity;

Step 3: After the cavity processing is completed, the feed control system 80 controls the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 to reset the machining electrode 10;

Step 4: The feed control system 80 controls the second Z-axis feed mechanism 32 to feed downward so that the second machining electrode 12 forms a protrusion with respect to the first machining electrode processing surface 111;

Step 5: The feed control system 80 controls the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 to feed downward, and the workpiece 90 is processed through the through hole only using the second machined electrode machining surface 121.

Step 6: After the through hole is processed, the feed control system 80 controls the first Z-axis feed mechanism 31 to move the machining electrode 10 upward, and the workpiece 90 can be taken out from the workpiece holder 60. At this time, the workpiece 90 has a through structure. Metal case.

In the above-described electrolytic processing apparatus and the processing method thereof, since the relative positions of the first processing electrode and the second processing electrode in the processing electrode can be adjusted, the processing electrode processing surface can be changed, and the electrode can be replaced with the re-alignment element. The electrolytic processing of the cavity and the through hole of the metal casing is continuously completed, thereby effectively reducing the cost and improving the processing efficiency.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions. The spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention.

100‧‧‧Electrolysis processing equipment

10‧‧‧Processing electrodes

11‧‧‧First processing electrode

12‧‧‧Second processing electrode

20‧‧‧Support institutions

21‧‧‧ bracket

22‧‧‧Base

30‧‧‧Z-axis feed mechanism

31‧‧‧First Z-axis feed mechanism

32‧‧‧Second Z-axis feed mechanism

40‧‧‧XY plane drive mechanism

50‧‧‧ electrolyte tank

60‧‧‧Workpiece fixture

70‧‧‧Connecting parts

80‧‧‧Feed control system

90‧‧‧Workpiece

Claims (8)

An electrolytic processing apparatus comprising a workpiece holder, a processing electrode, an electrolyte tank, a supporting mechanism, and an XY plane driving mechanism, the improvement comprising: further comprising a Z-axis feeding mechanism, a connecting member and a feed control system; the processing electrode comprises a processing electrode and a second processing electrode slidingly mated with the first processing electrode; the second processing electrode is disposed in the first processing electrode; the Z-axis feeding mechanism includes a first Z-axis feeding mechanism and a second a Z-axis feeding mechanism, wherein the first Z-axis feeding mechanism and the second Z-axis feeding mechanism are connected by the connecting member; the first machining electrode is fixed to the connecting member, and the second machining electrode is fixed to the second Z An output shaft of the shaft feed mechanism; the feed control system controls the Z-axis feed mechanism to control the feeding and resetting of the machining electrode, and adjusts the position of the second machining electrode and the first machining electrode to adjust the processing of the first machining electrode The relative position of the face to the second machined electrode working surface for electrolytic processing of different shapes. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first processing electrode processing surface is provided with a hollow portion, and the second processing electrode is slidably mounted to the hollow portion of the first processing electrode. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second processing electrode working surface has the same shape as the hollow portion of the first processing electrode. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first processing electrode processing surface and the second processing electrode processing surface are flush with each other to form a processing electrode cavity processing surface. The electrolytic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first Z-axis feed mechanism drives the second Z-axis feed mechanism to feed, and the second Z-axis feed mechanism is capable of feeding relative to the first Z-axis. Institutional feed. The electrolytic processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the connecting member comprises a vertical portion, a level portion, and a hollow portion, wherein the hollow portion is formed on the level portion, and the hollow portion is circular, elliptical or polygonal in shape . The electrolytic processing apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second Z-axis feed mechanism is mounted on a hollow portion of the connecting member. An electrolytic machining method comprises the following steps: Step 1: By adjusting the relative positions of the processing surface of the first processing electrode and the processing surface of the second processing electrode, the processing surface of the first processing electrode and the processing surface of the second processing electrode are processed into a cavity processing The surface is processed by the cavity to be processed; Step 2: After the cavity is processed, the position of the first processing electrode is adjusted to form a protrusion with respect to the processing surface of the second processing electrode, and only the second is used. The processing electrode performs processing of the through hole; Step 3: After the through hole is processed, the first processing electrode and the second processing electrode are reset upward, and the workpiece is taken out, and the workpiece is a metal casing having a through hole structure.