TWI524808B - Heater - Google Patents
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- TWI524808B TWI524808B TW102114970A TW102114970A TWI524808B TW I524808 B TWI524808 B TW I524808B TW 102114970 A TW102114970 A TW 102114970A TW 102114970 A TW102114970 A TW 102114970A TW I524808 B TWI524808 B TW I524808B
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- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Description
本發明係與加熱器有關,且特別是有關於一種流體之加熱器。 The invention relates to heaters and, in particular, to a fluid heater.
參閱第1圖所示,顯示習知加熱器的示意圖。該加熱器10主要係由一加熱單元11與一供該加熱單元11設置的容器本體12所組成,其中該加熱單元11主要係由一管體111、一設於該管體111內且不與該管體111接觸的電熱絲112、及充填在該管體111內的無機填充物113(例如氧化鎂)所組成,該容器本體12具有一容室121及一與該容室121相通的流體入口122與流體出口123,據此,將該加熱單元11通電,該電熱絲112會產生熱,該熱會藉由無機填充物113傳至管體111,藉以對流經該容器本體12內部的流體(水或油等)進行加熱,然而,習知加熱器10於實際使用情形仍具有下述須立即改善的缺陷。 Referring to Figure 1, a schematic view of a conventional heater is shown. The heater 10 is mainly composed of a heating unit 11 and a container body 12 for the heating unit 11. The heating unit 11 is mainly provided by a tube body 111, and is disposed in the tube body 111. The heating wire 112 contacting the tube body 111 and the inorganic filler 113 (for example, magnesium oxide) filled in the tube body 111, the container body 12 has a chamber 121 and a fluid communicating with the chamber 121 The inlet 122 and the fluid outlet 123, according to which the heating unit 11 is energized, the heating wire 112 generates heat which is transferred to the tube body 111 by the inorganic filler 113, thereby flowing the fluid flowing through the interior of the container body 12. Heating (water or oil, etc.) is performed, however, the conventional heater 10 still has the following defects to be immediately improved in actual use.
其一、由於該電熱絲112所產生的熱必須透過傳熱性較差的無機填充物113傳導至該管體111,並非與該管體111直接接觸而將熱直接傳導至該管體111,同時因絕緣需求,無機填充物的厚度有其一定的要求,至少具有數公厘(mm),增加熱傳路徑,因此,該加熱單元11產生熱能較慢,不適用在即時加熱的系統,例如即熱型電熱水器。 First, since the heat generated by the heating wire 112 must be transmitted to the tube 111 through the inorganic filler 113 having poor heat conductivity, the heat is directly transmitted to the tube 111 without being in direct contact with the tube 111. Due to the insulation requirements, the thickness of the inorganic filler has certain requirements, at least several millimeters (mm), increasing the heat transfer path. Therefore, the heating unit 11 generates heat energy slowly, and is not suitable for an instant heating system, for example, Hot electric water heater.
其二、由於習知加熱單元11產生的熱能較慢,使得該電熱絲112所產 生的熱無法及時地被流體帶走,因此,該加熱單元11產生的熱能無法有效的被應用,造成電熱轉換效不佳的缺陷,同時,當加熱行為結束時,加熱單元11內所積蓄的熱能將持續的釋出,造成加熱溫度控制上的困擾。 Second, since the heat energy generated by the conventional heating unit 11 is slow, the heating wire 112 is produced. The raw heat cannot be taken away by the fluid in time, and therefore, the heat energy generated by the heating unit 11 cannot be effectively applied, resulting in a defect of poor electrothermal conversion efficiency, and at the same time, when the heating behavior ends, the heat unit 11 accumulates Thermal energy will continue to be released, causing problems in heating temperature control.
其三、該加熱單元11組設於該容器本體12後,其組設處必須施以密封與耐腐蝕等物理性防護,以避免流體洩漏,特別是使用溫度較高的油加熱系統,加熱溫度高過150℃,許多迫緊(Packing)的不耐溫性會容易形成洩漏的現象。 Thirdly, after the heating unit 11 is assembled in the container body 12, the assembly must be provided with physical protection such as sealing and corrosion resistance to avoid fluid leakage, especially using a higher temperature oil heating system, heating temperature. Above 150 ° C, many of the Packing's temperature resistance will easily lead to leakage.
其四、該加熱單元11在進行發熱過程時,主要是透過該電熱絲112所產生的熱而傳導至該管體111的周側,且是集中在相對於該電熱絲112之處,因此,造成加熱區域過於集中,導致該管體111局部及周側附近的溫度過高,對流體為油的系統而言,容易使造成油變質,產生油垢,油垢進一步包覆到管體111表面,更造成管體111熱傳效果更差,浪費能源。 Fourthly, when the heating unit 11 performs the heat generation process, it is mainly transmitted to the circumferential side of the tube body 111 through the heat generated by the heating wire 112, and is concentrated at a position relative to the heating wire 112. The heating area is too concentrated, causing the temperature of the part of the tube body 111 and the vicinity of the circumference side to be too high. For a system in which the fluid is oil, the oil is easily deteriorated, oil scale is generated, and the oil scale is further coated on the surface of the tube body 111, The heat transfer effect of the pipe body 111 is worse, and energy is wasted.
是以,如何開發出一種加熱器,其可解決上述的缺陷,即為本案發明的動機。 Therefore, how to develop a heater that can solve the above-mentioned drawbacks is the motivation of the present invention.
本發明之目的在於提供一種加熱器,其主要在提升該加熱器的電熱轉換效率,而適用在即時加熱的系統。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a heater which is mainly used to enhance the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the heater, and is suitable for use in an instant heating system.
本發明另一目的在於提供一種加熱器,其主要在提升控制該加熱器加熱溫度的精準度。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a heater that is primarily capable of increasing the accuracy of controlling the heating temperature of the heater.
本發明再一目的在於提供一種加熱器,因其組裝容易,故可防止該加熱器對流體進行加熱時,該加熱液體有洩漏之虞。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide a heater which is easy to assemble and which prevents the heating liquid from leaking when the heater heats the fluid.
本發明又一目的在於提供一種加熱器,其主要避免該加熱器在加熱 作業時產生油垢,影響熱傳導效能,以節省能源。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a heater which mainly prevents the heater from being heated Grease is generated during operation, which affects heat transfer efficiency to save energy.
緣是,為了達成前述目的,依據本發明所提供之一種加熱器,包含:一導熱管體,具有一供流體通過的管道、及一外環面;一撓性電熱元件,包覆於該導熱管體並可將電能轉換成熱能,且具有一結合於該外環面的電熱內導面、及一反向於該電熱內導面的電熱外導面;一隔熱元件,包覆於該撓性電熱元件,並具有一結合於該電熱外導面的隔熱表面,使該導熱管體與該撓性電熱元件被該隔熱元件包覆結合成一體。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a heater according to the present invention comprises: a heat pipe body having a pipe through which a fluid passes, and an outer ring surface; and a flexible electric heating element covering the heat conduction The tube body can convert electrical energy into thermal energy, and has an electrothermal inner guiding surface coupled to the outer annular surface and an electric heating outer guiding surface opposite to the electric heating inner guiding surface; a heat insulating component covering the The flexible electric heating element has a heat insulating surface coupled to the electric heating outer guiding surface, so that the heat conducting tube body and the flexible electric heating element are integrally combined by the heat insulating element.
較佳地,該撓性電熱元件更具有一第一絕緣層、複數發熱體、及一第二絕緣層,該第一絕緣層具有一第一絕緣頂面、一反向於該第一絕緣頂面的該電熱內導面,各該發熱體係彼此電性連結地設於該第一絕緣頂面,該第二絕緣層具有一結合於該第一絕緣頂面及各該發熱體的第二絕緣底面、及一反向於該第二絕緣底面的該電熱外導面。 Preferably, the flexible electric heating element further has a first insulating layer, a plurality of heating elements, and a second insulating layer, the first insulating layer having a first insulating top surface and a first insulating top surface opposite to the first insulating top The electrothermal inner guiding surface is disposed on the first insulating top surface electrically connected to each other, and the second insulating layer has a second insulating layer coupled to the first insulating top surface and each of the heating elements a bottom surface and an electrically heated outer guiding surface opposite to the second insulating bottom surface.
較佳地,該撓性電熱元件更具有一第一絕緣層、一第一黏著劑層、複數發熱體、一第二黏著劑層、及一第二絕緣層,該第一絕緣層具有一第一絕緣頂面、一反向於該第一絕緣頂面的該電熱內導面,該第一黏著劑層係塗佈在該第一絕緣頂面、各該發熱體係彼此電性連結地設於該第一黏著劑層上,該第二黏著劑層係塗佈在該第一黏著劑層且包覆各該發熱體,該第二絕緣層具有一結合於該第二黏著劑層的第二絕緣底面、及一反向於該第二絕緣底面的該電熱外導面。 Preferably, the flexible electric heating element further has a first insulating layer, a first adhesive layer, a plurality of heat generating bodies, a second adhesive layer, and a second insulating layer, wherein the first insulating layer has a first An insulating top surface, the electrothermal inner guiding surface opposite to the first insulating top surface, the first adhesive layer is coated on the first insulating top surface, and each of the heat generating systems is electrically connected to each other On the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer is coated on the first adhesive layer and covers each of the heat generating bodies, and the second insulating layer has a second bonded to the second adhesive layer. An insulating bottom surface and the electrically heated outer guiding surface opposite to the second insulating bottom surface.
較佳地,該導熱管體為金屬管或陶瓷管。 Preferably, the heat pipe body is a metal tube or a ceramic tube.
較佳地,該第一絕緣層與該第二絕緣層皆由聚醯亞胺(PI,polyimide)所製成。 Preferably, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are both made of polyimide.
較佳地,該發熱體為鎳合金箔、銅合金箔、鐡合金箔、碳膠、導電膠,奈米金屬線、金屬氧化物、或金屬氮化物其中之一所製成。 Preferably, the heating element is made of one of a nickel alloy foil, a copper alloy foil, a tantalum alloy foil, a carbon paste, a conductive paste, a nanowire, a metal oxide, or a metal nitride.
較佳地,該第一黏著劑層及該第二黏著劑層皆為矽膠粘著劑、鐡氟龍粘著劑或聚醯亞胺粘著劑。 Preferably, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both a silicone adhesive, a Teflon adhesive or a polyimide adhesive.
較佳地,該撓性電熱元件為片狀或條狀。 Preferably, the flexible electric heating element is in the form of a sheet or a strip.
較佳地,該導熱管體更具有第一螺牙管部及一反向於該第一螺牙管部的第二螺牙管部。 Preferably, the heat pipe body further has a first threaded tube portion and a second threaded tube portion opposite to the first threaded tube portion.
較佳地,該導熱管體的外環面與該撓性電熱元件的電熱內導面之間設有一絕緣層。 Preferably, an insulating layer is disposed between the outer annular surface of the heat conducting tube body and the electrically heated inner guiding surface of the flexible electric heating element.
有關本發明為達成上述目的,所採用之技術、手段及其他之功效,茲舉五較佳可行實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如後。 With regard to the techniques, means, and other effects of the present invention in light of the above-described objects, the preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings.
10‧‧‧加熱器 10‧‧‧heater
11‧‧‧加熱單元 11‧‧‧heating unit
111‧‧‧管體 111‧‧‧ tube body
112‧‧‧電熱絲 112‧‧‧Electrical wire
113‧‧‧無機填充物 113‧‧‧Inorganic filler
12‧‧‧容器本體 12‧‧‧ Container body
121‧‧‧容室 121‧‧ ‧ room
122‧‧‧流體入口 122‧‧‧ fluid inlet
123‧‧‧流體出口 123‧‧‧ fluid outlet
100‧‧‧加熱器 100‧‧‧heater
20‧‧‧導熱管體 20‧‧‧heat pipe body
21‧‧‧管道 21‧‧‧ Pipes
22‧‧‧外環面 22‧‧‧ outer annulus
23‧‧‧第一螺牙管部 23‧‧‧First threaded tube department
24‧‧‧第二螺牙管部 24‧‧‧Second threaded tube department
30‧‧‧撓性電熱元件 30‧‧‧Flexible heating elements
31‧‧‧電熱內導面 31‧‧‧Electrical inner guide
32‧‧‧電熱外導面 32‧‧‧Electrical outer guide
33‧‧‧第一絕緣層 33‧‧‧First insulation
331‧‧‧第一絕緣頂面 331‧‧‧First insulated top surface
34‧‧‧發熱體 34‧‧‧heating body
35‧‧‧第二絕緣層 35‧‧‧Second insulation
351‧‧‧第二絕緣底面 351‧‧‧Second insulation bottom surface
36‧‧‧第一黏著劑層 36‧‧‧First adhesive layer
37‧‧‧第二黏著劑層 37‧‧‧Second Adhesive Layer
40‧‧‧隔熱元件 40‧‧‧Insulation components
41‧‧‧隔熱表面 41‧‧‧Insulated surface
51‧‧‧流體輸入接管 51‧‧‧ Fluid input takeover
52‧‧‧流體輸出接管 52‧‧‧Fluid output takeover
53‧‧‧接管 53‧‧‧ take over
60‧‧‧絕緣層 60‧‧‧Insulation
54‧‧‧轉接體 54‧‧‧Transfer
541‧‧‧內部空間 541‧‧‧Internal space
542‧‧‧流體輸入口 542‧‧‧ fluid input port
543‧‧‧流體輸出口 543‧‧‧ fluid outlet
55‧‧‧水龍頭 55‧‧‧Water tap
56‧‧‧直管 56‧‧‧ Straight tube
57‧‧‧彎管 57‧‧‧Bend
58‧‧‧地板 58‧‧‧floor
第1圖係習知加熱器的示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional heater.
第2圖係本發明第一實施例的立體分解圖。 Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖係本發明第一實施例的組合剖面圖。 Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the combination of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係本發明第一實施例的另一軸向的組合剖面圖。 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another axial direction of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖係本發明第一實施例的剖面圖,顯示撓性電熱元件的剖面狀態。 Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a sectional state of a flexible electric heating element.
第6圖係本發明第二實施例的剖面圖,顯示撓性電熱元件的剖面狀態。 Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a cross-sectional state of the flexible electric heating element.
第7圖係本發明第三實施例的剖面圖,顯示導熱管體設有第一、二螺牙管部的狀態。 Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the heat transfer tube body is provided with the first and second threaded tube portions.
第8圖係本發明第三實施例的使用狀態參考圖。 Fig. 8 is a view showing a state of use of the third embodiment of the present invention.
第9圖係本發明第四實施例的立體分解圖,顯示撓性電熱元件呈條狀 的狀態。 Figure 9 is a perspective exploded view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, showing a flexible electric heating element in the form of a strip status.
第10圖係本發明第四實施例的立體分解圖,顯示撓性電熱元件呈條狀且繞設在導熱管體的狀態。 Fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the flexible electric heating element is strip-shaped and wound around the heat transfer tube body.
第11圖係本發明第五實施例的組合剖面圖。 Figure 11 is a sectional view showing the combination of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖係本發明第一實施例的使用狀態參考圖,顯示在一轉接體內並排設有複數加熱器的狀態。 Fig. 12 is a view showing a state of use of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a plurality of heaters are arranged side by side in a transfer body.
第13圖係第12圖線段13-13的剖面圖。 Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of line 12-13 of Figure 12.
第14圖係本發明第一實施例的使用狀態參考圖,顯示使用在水龍頭上的狀態。 Fig. 14 is a view showing a state of use of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of use on a faucet.
第15圖係本發明第一實施例的使用狀態參考圖,顯示使用在屋內地板的狀態。 Fig. 15 is a view showing the state of use of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of use in the floor of the house.
參閱第2、3、4圖所示,本發明第一實施例所提供的一種加熱器100,其主要係由一導熱管體20、一撓性電熱元件30、及一隔熱元件40所組成,其中: Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, a heater 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a heat pipe body 20, a flexible electric heating element 30, and a heat insulating member 40. ,among them:
該導熱管體20,具有一供流體通過的管道21、及一外環面22;本實施例中,該導熱管體20為金屬管,例如銅管(導熱係數>400W/m℃)、鋁管(導熱係數>200W/m℃)等熱導性較佳的管件,當然亦可為陶瓷管,例如氮化鋁管(Alumina Nitride)其導熱係數可達250W/m℃。 The heat pipe body 20 has a pipe 21 through which a fluid passes, and an outer ring surface 22; in the embodiment, the heat pipe body 20 is a metal pipe, such as a copper pipe (thermal conductivity > 400 W/m ° C), aluminum. A tube having a good thermal conductivity such as a tube (thermal conductivity > 200 W/m ° C) may of course be a ceramic tube, for example, an aluminum nitride tube (Alumina Nitride) having a thermal conductivity of up to 250 W/m ° C.
該撓性電熱元件30,呈一片狀體且具撓性可彎折,該撓性電熱元件30包覆於該導熱管體20並可將電能轉換成熱能,且具有一結合於該外環面22的電熱內導面31、及一反向於該電熱內導面31的電熱外導面32。 The flexible electric heating element 30 is in the form of a sheet and is flexible and bendable. The flexible electric heating element 30 is coated on the heat conducting tube body 20 and can convert electrical energy into thermal energy, and has a coupling to the outer ring. The electrically heated inner guiding surface 31 of the face 22 and an electrothermal outer guiding surface 32 opposite to the electrically heated inner guiding surface 31.
該隔熱元件40,包覆於該撓性電熱元件30,並具有一結合於該電熱外導面32的隔熱表面41,使該導熱管體20與該撓性電熱元件30被該隔熱元件40包覆結合成一體。本實施例中該隔熱元件40係為熱傳較不良的包覆材(如SUS304金屬片),並透過耐高溫的接著膠(導熱膠)粘著、機械式迫緊壓合或其他適當的固定方式(如焊接),使該導熱管體20、撓性電熱元件30、及隔熱元件40結合成一體。 The heat insulating element 40 is coated on the flexible electric heating element 30 and has a heat insulating surface 41 coupled to the electric heating outer surface 32, so that the heat conductive tube body 20 and the flexible electric heating element 30 are insulated. The elements 40 are coated and integrated. In this embodiment, the heat insulating element 40 is a heat-transfer-less cladding material (such as SUS304 metal sheet), and is adhered by a high-temperature adhesive glue (thermal adhesive), mechanically pressed, or other suitable In a fixed manner (such as welding), the heat pipe body 20, the flexible electric heating element 30, and the heat insulating element 40 are integrated into one body.
以上所述即為本發明第一實施例各主要構件之結構及其組態說明。 The above is the structure and configuration description of each main component of the first embodiment of the present invention.
藉此,本發明可達下述目的。 Thereby, the present invention can achieve the following objects.
其一、提升該加熱器100的電熱轉換效率,而適用在即時加熱的系統。 First, the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the heater 100 is improved, and the system is applied to an instant heating system.
由於該撓性電熱元件30係完全包覆在該導熱管體20的外環面22,而具有大面積的熱傳導效果,同時該撓性電熱元件30厚度很薄(<0.5 mm),熱傳路徑極短,因此,讓該導熱管體20得以直接且快速的接收該撓性電熱元件30所轉換的熱能而進行發熱,以便快速地對流經該導熱管體20管道21內的流體進行加熱,達到提升該加熱器100的電熱轉換效率的目的,同時,該撓性電熱元件30是被該隔熱元件40所完全包覆,而該隔熱元件40是熱傳較不良的包覆材,因此,可以降低該撓性電熱元件30轉換成的熱能由其電熱外導面32直接而散逸到外界,造成熱能的損失與浪費,同時讓該撓性電熱元件30轉換成的熱能大部分傳導至該導熱管體20,而更能提升該加熱器100的電熱轉換效率。 Since the flexible electric heating element 30 is completely coated on the outer annular surface 22 of the heat conducting tube body 20, it has a large-area heat conduction effect, and the flexible electric heating element 30 is thin (<0.5 mm), and the heat transfer path is It is extremely short, so that the heat pipe body 20 can directly and quickly receive the heat energy converted by the flexible electric heating element 30 to generate heat, so as to quickly heat the fluid flowing through the pipe body 21 of the heat pipe body 20 to reach The purpose of improving the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the heater 100 is that the flexible electric heating element 30 is completely covered by the thermal insulation element 40, and the thermal insulation element 40 is a poorly heat-transferred cladding material. The thermal energy converted by the flexible electric heating element 30 can be directly dissipated to the outside by the electrothermal outer guiding surface 32, thereby causing loss and waste of thermal energy, and at the same time, the thermal energy converted by the flexible electric heating element 30 is mostly conducted to the thermal conduction. The tube body 20 is more capable of improving the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the heater 100.
其二、提升控制該加熱器100加熱溫度的精準度。 Second, the accuracy of controlling the heating temperature of the heater 100 is improved.
由於該導熱管體20得以直接且快速的接收該撓性電熱元件30的熱能而進行發熱,因此,該導熱管體20與該撓性電熱元件30之間的熱傳導反應較 佳,而得以視通電時間來控制該導熱管體20所產生的熱度,同時如上所述該撓性電熱元件30厚度很薄(<0.5 mm),整體加熱過程所累積在加熱體上的熱極少,電源關閉後撓性電熱元件30瞬間冷卻,故極易達到控制該加熱器100加熱溫度精準度的目的。 Since the heat conducting tube body 20 can directly and quickly receive the heat energy of the flexible electric heating element 30 to generate heat, the heat conduction reaction between the heat conducting tube body 20 and the flexible electric heating element 30 is better. Preferably, the heat generated by the heat pipe body 20 is controlled depending on the energization time, and as described above, the thickness of the flexible electric heating element 30 is very thin (<0.5 mm), and the heat accumulated on the heating body during the overall heating process is extremely small. After the power is turned off, the flexible electric heating element 30 is instantaneously cooled, so that it is easy to achieve the purpose of controlling the heating temperature accuracy of the heater 100.
其三、防止該加熱器100對流體進行加熱時,該加熱液體有洩漏之虞。 Third, when the heater 100 is prevented from heating the fluid, the heating liquid has a leak.
由於該導熱管體20、撓性電熱元件30、及隔熱元件40結合成一體,且該導熱管體20具有一供流體通過的管道21,而該管道21可視為習知容器本體的容室,又該通道21為一體成型並無與其他構件組接,因此,當流體流經該管道21進行加熱時,該流體不會由該導熱管體20洩漏於外。 Since the heat pipe body 20, the flexible electric heating element 30, and the heat insulating element 40 are integrated, and the heat pipe body 20 has a pipe 21 through which the fluid passes, the pipe 21 can be regarded as a chamber of the conventional container body. Moreover, the passage 21 is integrally formed and is not combined with other members, so that when the fluid flows through the duct 21 for heating, the fluid does not leak from the heat transfer tube body 20.
其四、避免該加熱器100在加熱作業時產生油垢,影響熱傳導效能,以節省能源。 Fourth, the heater 100 is prevented from generating grease stain during heating operation, which affects heat conduction performance to save energy.
由於該撓性電熱元件30係完全包覆在該導熱管體20的外環面22,而具有大面積的熱傳導效果,因此,本發明加熱器100在進行發熱過程中,該導熱管體20係全面受熱,並無熱點集中的產生,也正因如此,該導熱管體20的管道21內壁皆為均熱的加熱區域,而不會受熱不均,進而導致流經該管道內的流體產生變質而生成油垢(或水垢),該油垢(或水垢)再進一步附著在管道21內壁,導致該導熱管體20傳效果差,浪費能源,是以,本發明確實能避免該加熱器100在加熱作業時產生油垢,影響熱傳導效能,以節省能源。 Since the flexible electric heating element 30 is completely coated on the outer annular surface 22 of the heat-transfer tube body 20 and has a large-area heat conduction effect, the heat-radiating tube body 20 is heated during the heating process of the heater 100 of the present invention. Fully heated, there is no hot spot concentration, and as such, the inner wall of the pipe 21 of the heat pipe body 20 is a soaking heating zone without uneven heating, which leads to fluid flow through the pipe. Deteriorating to form grease (or scale), which is further adhered to the inner wall of the pipe 21, resulting in poor transmission of the heat pipe body 20, wasting energy, so that the present invention can surely avoid the heater 100 Grease is generated during heating operations, which affects heat transfer efficiency to save energy.
除此之外,本發明更至少具有下述目的。 In addition to this, the present invention has at least the following objects.
其一、成本優勢:本發明該導熱管體20具有一供流體通過的管道21,而該管道21可視為習知容器本體的容室,因此有異於傳統加熱器100使用 方式需有一個容器本體的搭配,而本發明可透過該導熱管體20而直接固定於系統中,大幅減少製作容器本體的成本,極具成本優勢。 First, the cost advantage: the heat pipe body 20 of the present invention has a pipe 21 through which the fluid passes, and the pipe 21 can be regarded as a container of a conventional container body, and thus is different from the conventional heater 100. The method needs to have a combination of the container body, and the invention can be directly fixed in the system through the heat pipe body 20, which greatly reduces the cost of manufacturing the container body, and has a cost advantage.
其二、安全優勢:由於本發明藉由該隔熱元件40而將該撓性電熱元件30結合在該導熱管體20的外環面22,又該導熱管體20的管道21係供流體通過,因此,該流體被導熱管體20所阻隔而不會與該撓性電熱元件30接觸,亦即藉由該導熱管體20將流體與電熱分離,做到真正乾溼分離狀態,大幅提高使用的安全性。 Secondly, the safety advantage: since the flexible electric heating element 30 is coupled to the outer annular surface 22 of the heat-transducing pipe body 20 by the heat insulating element 40, the pipe 21 of the heat-conducting pipe body 20 is used for fluid passage. Therefore, the fluid is blocked by the heat pipe body 20 and does not contact the flexible electric heating element 30, that is, the fluid is separated from the electric heat by the heat pipe body 20, thereby achieving a true dry-wet separation state and greatly improving the use. Security.
值得一提的是,參閱第5圖所示,本發明第一實施例中,該撓性電熱元件30是為一種耐高溫的PI電熱片,其厚度<0.5 mm,故提供了最短/最佳的熱傳導過程,並更具有一第一絕緣層33、複數發熱體34、及一第二絕緣層35,該第一絕緣層33具有一第一絕緣頂面331、一反向於該第一絕緣頂面311的該電熱內導面31,各該發熱體34係彼此電性連結地設於該第一絕緣頂面331,該第二絕緣層35具有一結合於該第一絕緣頂面331及各該發熱體34的第二絕緣底面351、及一反向於該第二絕緣底面351的該電熱外導面32,其中: It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 5, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the flexible electric heating element 30 is a high temperature resistant PI electric heating sheet with a thickness of <0.5 mm, thereby providing the shortest/best. The heat conduction process further includes a first insulating layer 33, a plurality of heating elements 34, and a second insulating layer 35. The first insulating layer 33 has a first insulating top surface 331 opposite to the first insulating layer. The electric heating inner guiding surface 31 of the top surface 311 is electrically connected to the first insulating top surface 331 , and the second insulating layer 35 has a first insulating top surface 331 and a second insulating bottom surface 351 of each of the heating elements 34, and a heating outer guiding surface 32 opposite to the second insulating bottom surface 351, wherein:
各該發熱體34為鎳合金箔、銅合金箔、鐡合金箔、碳膠、導電膠,奈米金屬線、金屬氧化物、或金屬氮化物等具有高電阻阻抗且具導電特性的材料所製成,且透過加電壓或通過電流而產生熱量,而各該發熱體34可以是呈膜片狀,製做成片狀、捲狀的材料,或者亦可是利用真空鍍膜或無電解電鍍、及凝膠法形成的材料,其厚度可以是在0.1μm至100μm的範圍內。 Each of the heat generating bodies 34 is made of a nickel alloy foil, a copper alloy foil, a tantalum alloy foil, a carbon paste, a conductive paste, a material having high resistance resistance and a conductive property such as a nanowire, a metal oxide, or a metal nitride. And generating heat by applying a voltage or passing an electric current, and each of the heating elements 34 may be in the form of a sheet, made into a sheet-like or rolled material, or may be vacuum-coated or electroless-plated, and condensed. The material formed by the gel method may have a thickness in the range of 0.1 μm to 100 μm.
該第一絕緣層33與該第二絕緣層35皆由聚醯亞胺(PI,polyimide)所 製成,該PI材料的軟化點可高達400℃,同時對各該發熱體34進行包覆絕緣,因為具有高電阻阻抗且具導電特性的材料所製成的發熱體34耐溫性都極高,故運用在二百多℃以下的流體加熱(油裂解溫度常在300℃,水的沸點100℃)已非常足夠,再加上全面性的發熱線路,其發熱面積極大,單位功率遠低於習知加熱單元中的電熱絲,故不會有熱點存在,故也不會有如管體非常熱的狀況存在,故也不會對油產生破壞。 The first insulating layer 33 and the second insulating layer 35 are both made of polyimine (PI). The PI material can be made to have a softening point of up to 400 ° C, and each of the heating elements 34 is coated and insulated, because the heat generating body 34 made of a material having high electrical resistance and having conductive properties is extremely high in temperature resistance. Therefore, it is very sufficient to use fluid heating below 200 °C (oil cracking temperature is usually 300 ° C, water boiling point 100 ° C), plus a comprehensive heating circuit, its heating area is extremely large, the unit power is much lower than The heating wire in the heating unit is known, so there is no hot spot, so there is no such a situation that the tube body is very hot, so there is no damage to the oil.
參閱第6圖,為本發明第二實施例的剖面圖,顯示該撓性電熱元件30的剖面狀態,其與第一實施例不同處在於: Referring to Figure 6, there is shown a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention showing a cross-sectional state of the flexible electric heating element 30, which differs from the first embodiment in that:
該撓性電熱元件30更具有一第一絕緣層33、一第一黏著劑層36、複數發熱體34、一第二黏著劑層37、及一第二絕緣層35,該第一絕緣層33具有一第一絕緣頂面331、一反向於該第一絕緣頂面331的該電熱內導面31,該第一黏著劑層36係塗佈在該第一絕緣頂面331、各該發熱體34係彼此電性連結地設於該第一黏著劑層36上,該第二黏著劑層37係塗佈在該第一黏著劑層36且包覆各該發熱體34,該第二絕緣層35具有一結合於該第二黏著劑層37的第二絕緣底面351、及一反向於該第二絕緣底面351的該電熱外導面32。本實施例中,該該第一黏著劑層36與該第二黏著劑層37皆為可耐高溫的粘著劑,如矽膠粘著劑、鐡氟龍粘著劑、或聚醯亞胺粘著劑,其耐溫性均在150℃以上。據此,藉以達成該撓性電熱元件40另一實施狀態。 The flexible electric heating element 30 further has a first insulating layer 33, a first adhesive layer 36, a plurality of heating elements 34, a second adhesive layer 37, and a second insulating layer 35. The first insulating layer 33 The first insulating top surface 331 is opposite to the first insulating top surface 331. The first adhesive layer 36 is coated on the first insulating top surface 331 and each of the heat is generated. The body 34 is electrically connected to the first adhesive layer 36. The second adhesive layer 37 is coated on the first adhesive layer 36 and covers each of the heat generating bodies 34. The second insulation The layer 35 has a second insulating bottom surface 351 bonded to the second adhesive layer 37 and a heating outer guiding surface 32 opposite to the second insulating bottom surface 351. In this embodiment, the first adhesive layer 36 and the second adhesive layer 37 are both high temperature resistant adhesives, such as silicone adhesives, fluorocarbon adhesives, or polyimine adhesives. The temperature resistance of the agent is above 150 °C. Accordingly, another embodiment of the flexible electric heating element 40 is achieved.
參閱第7圖,為本發明第三實施例的剖面圖,顯示本發明的使用狀態,其與第一實施例不同處在於:該導熱管體20更具有第一螺牙管部23及一反向於該第一螺牙管部23 的第二螺牙管部24,藉此,藉由該第一、二螺牙管部23、24可分別與流體輸入接管51及流體輸出接管52組接,進而快速的及方便的組裝至需加熱的物體上,而具有組裝容易的功效。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of use of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the heat pipe body 20 further has a first threaded tube portion 23 and an opposite To the first threaded tube portion 23 The second threaded tube portion 24, by which the first and second threaded tube portions 23, 24 can be respectively assembled with the fluid input connection tube 51 and the fluid output connection tube 52, thereby quickly and conveniently assembling to the need. It is heated on the object and has the effect of easy assembly.
當然,也可如第8圖所示,本發明除了與直管狀的流體輸入接管51及流體輸出接管52相互組接外,也可取用複數個加熱器100而與彎曲狀接管53相互組接,藉以使各該加熱器100呈一串連型態,而組成一流體加熱器的管路系統或工業管線的管路系統。 Of course, as shown in FIG. 8, the present invention may be combined with the straight tubular fluid input connection 51 and the fluid output connection 52, and a plurality of heaters 100 may be used to be combined with the curved connector 53. Therefore, each of the heaters 100 is connected in a series to form a piping system of a fluid heater or a piping system of an industrial pipeline.
參閱第9、10圖,為本發明第四實施例的立體分解圖,顯示本發明的使用狀態,其與第一實施例不同處在於:該撓性電熱元件30為條狀,而有間隙地繞設在該導熱管體20上,再透過該隔熱元件40將該導熱管體20與該撓性電熱元件30包覆結合成一體,藉以達成另一種實施狀態。 9 and 10 are perspective exploded views of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of use of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the flexible electric heating element 30 is strip-shaped and has a gap. The heat conducting tube body 20 is wound around the heat conducting tube body 20, and the heat conducting tube body 20 and the flexible electric heating element 30 are integrally bonded by the heat insulating element 40, thereby achieving another implementation state.
參閱第11圖,為本發明第五實施例的組合剖面圖,顯示本發明的另一種實施狀態,其與第一實施例不同處在於:於該導熱管體20的外環面22與該撓性電熱元件30的電熱內導面31之間設有一絕緣層60,該絕緣層60厚度為0.005~0.5 mm,材質可為聚醯亞胺高分子,或其耐溫性超過150℃的絕緣材料,如此可提高該導熱管體20與該撓性電熱元件30間絕緣特性及保護性,防止該導熱管體20為金屬時,該金屬外環面22的不平整對該撓性電熱元件30的破壞。 Referring to Fig. 11, a sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention, showing another embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that the outer annular surface 22 of the heat pipe body 20 and the same An insulating layer 60 is disposed between the electrically heated inner guiding surfaces 31 of the electric heating element 30. The insulating layer 60 has a thickness of 0.005 to 0.5 mm, and the material may be a polyimine polymer or an insulating material having a temperature resistance exceeding 150 ° C. Therefore, the insulation property and the protective property between the heat pipe body 20 and the flexible electric heating element 30 can be improved, and when the heat pipe body 20 is made of metal, the unevenness of the metal outer ring surface 22 is uneven to the flexible electric heating element 30. damage.
參閱第12、13圖,為本發明第一實施例的使用狀態圖及其剖面圖,顯示本發明的使用狀態,其主要將本發明之加熱器100呈並聯狀地組設在一轉接體54的內部空間541,且該轉接體54具有一與該內部空間541相通的 流體輸入口542及一流體輸出口543,當流體由該流體輸入口542進入後,該流體流經各該加熱器100,而同時對該流體進行加熱,再將被加熱之流體匯集,經由流體輸出口543排出,即可提供已被加溫之流體源,供後續使用者使用。 Referring to Figures 12 and 13, there is shown a use state diagram and a cross-sectional view thereof showing a state of use of the present invention, which mainly sets the heaters 100 of the present invention in a parallel arrangement in an adapter. An internal space 541 of the 54 and the adapter 54 has a communication with the internal space 541 The fluid input port 542 and a fluid output port 543, after the fluid enters through the fluid input port 542, the fluid flows through each of the heaters 100, and simultaneously heats the fluid, and then collects the heated fluid through the fluid. The output port 543 is discharged to provide a heated fluid source for subsequent use by the user.
參閱第14圖,為本發明第一實施例的另一種使用狀態圖,顯示本發明的使用狀態,其主要係將本發明之加熱器100可直接應用於水龍頭55上,使水龍頭55之水源可瞬間提升水溫,供一般使用者日常使用;同理,本發明之加熱器100亦可應用其他需對水或油等加熱的地方,而不只限於水龍頭的應用。 Referring to Fig. 14, there is shown another use state diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of use of the present invention, which mainly applies the heater 100 of the present invention directly to the faucet 55, so that the water source of the faucet 55 can be The water temperature is raised instantaneously for daily use by a general user; similarly, the heater 100 of the present invention can also be applied to other places where water or oil is required to be heated, and is not limited to the application of the faucet.
參閱第15圖,為本發明第一實施例的一種使用狀態圖,顯示本發明的使用狀態,其主要係將本發明之加熱器100搭配直管56或彎管57而呈串接型態地設在屋內地板58(或牆壁),藉由該加熱器100所提供的熱源,可使地板58維持在設定的溫度,同時經由空氣的對流,也可使室內的溫度達到舒適的程度。 Referring to Figure 15, a use state diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown, showing the state of use of the present invention, which is mainly in the form of a series connection of the heater 100 of the present invention with a straight pipe 56 or an elbow 57. Located in the indoor floor 58 (or wall), the floor 58 can be maintained at a set temperature by the heat source provided by the heater 100, and the temperature in the room can be brought to a comfortable level by convection of the air.
綜上所述,上述各實施例及圖示僅為本發明的較佳實施例而已,當不能以之限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍所作的均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。 In the above, the above embodiments and the illustrations are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the equal variations and modifications made by the scope of the patent application of the present invention are It should be within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
100‧‧‧加熱器 100‧‧‧heater
20‧‧‧導熱管體 20‧‧‧heat pipe body
21‧‧‧管道 21‧‧‧ Pipes
22‧‧‧外環面 22‧‧‧ outer annulus
30‧‧‧撓性電熱元件 30‧‧‧Flexible heating elements
31‧‧‧電熱內導面 31‧‧‧Electrical inner guide
32‧‧‧電熱外導面 32‧‧‧Electrical outer guide
40‧‧‧隔熱元件 40‧‧‧Insulation components
41‧‧‧隔熱表面 41‧‧‧Insulated surface
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TWI664873B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-07-01 | 美商瓦特洛威電子製造公司 | Heater bundle for adaptive control and method of reducing current leakage |
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CN111132401A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 永盈电热科技(江苏)有限公司 | Ceramic electric heating ring |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI664873B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-07-01 | 美商瓦特洛威電子製造公司 | Heater bundle for adaptive control and method of reducing current leakage |
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