TWI511335B - Light emitting diode module - Google Patents
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- TWI511335B TWI511335B TW101120593A TW101120593A TWI511335B TW I511335 B TWI511335 B TW I511335B TW 101120593 A TW101120593 A TW 101120593A TW 101120593 A TW101120593 A TW 101120593A TW I511335 B TWI511335 B TW I511335B
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- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/49—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of wire connectors
- H01L2224/491—Disposition
- H01L2224/49105—Connecting at different heights
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/49—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of wire connectors
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Description
本發明係有關一種發光二極體,尤指一種具有溫度感測以及光感測之發光二極體。
由於發光二極體(Light Emitting Diode,LED)具有高發光效率、長使用壽命與低電能消耗的特性,以及在政府大力推廣室內外固態照明下,已逐漸取代傳統高污染及高耗能的照明光源,且功能性也已由傳統單純的照明功能延伸至多功能的應用,如未來相當具發展潛力的發光二極體可見光通訊,發光效益也因許多附加功能的整合,照明的需求也由以往低亮度而逐漸提升至高亮度。
然而,發光二極體在多功能產品化的應用過程中,卻也面臨著更多的技術挑戰,例如高功率的發光二極體應用在高亮度照明時容易產生高溫,導致輝度值降低以及色溫產生變化,同時也會影響元件的可靠度及壽命,因此需要搭配大型的散熱裝置使元件保持在正常的操作溫度。此外,晶粒的光電效應會隨著使用的時間及惡劣的環境而衰減,導致在相同的驅動電流下,其輝度值與色溫依舊產生變化,進而影響照明的品質,故必須以光和溫度感測且透過訊號回授加以控制。
按中華民國專利證號第I312141、M397541及I345429號等專利,三者皆揭露發光二極體透過外部的光和溫度感測元件以及回授控制電路而分別進行亮度大小及操作溫度的控制,但是整體搭配的系統過於龐大、複雜且價格昂貴,同時無法滿足即時監控的能力。
又按中華民國專利證號第I234300及M288432號等專利,此二者皆揭露於發光二極體的內部設有溫度感測元件,雖此述之溫度感測元件可於發光二極體中內建而測得發光二極體發光時的反應溫度,惟所揭露的溫度感測元件與發光二極體皆以不同的製程製作完成後再加以組裝,故於大量製作的發光二極體製程中必然無法提高製程效率。
因此,如何解決上述習用發光二極體之問題者,即為本創作之主要重點所在。
本發明之主要目的,在於解決上述的問題而提供一種發光二極體模組,透過半導體製程而簡化發光二極體的組裝,相對可提高發光二極體製程之效率。
為達前述之目的,本發明在一矽基板上設至少一發光二極體晶粒,該矽基板以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元及一光感測單元,其中該溫度感測單元設在該發光二極體晶粒底部,且該光感測單元分佈在該發光二極體晶粒的周圍,至少該發光二極體晶粒在矽基板上被封裝在一光學封裝膠體之範圍內,且該三者在矽基板上分別電性連接複數電極,此複數電極可供與外部構件電性連接。
本發明之上述及其他目的與優點,不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中,獲得深入了解。
當然,本發明在某些另件上,或另件之安排上容許有所不同,但所選用之實施例,則於本說明書中,予以詳細說明,並於附圖中展示其構造。
請參閱第1圖至第2圖,圖中所示者為本發明所選用之實施例結構,此僅供說明之用,在專利申請上並不受此種結構之限制。
本實施例提供一種發光二極體模組,如第1至2圖所示,此發光二極體模組主要係在一矽基板1上設一發光二極體晶粒2,該矽基板1以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元3及一光感測單元4,其中該溫度感測單元3設在該發光二極體晶粒2底部,該光感測單元4則分佈在該發光二極體晶粒2的周圍,該發光二極體晶粒2、溫度感測單元3及光感測單元4三者在矽基板1上被封裝在一光學封裝膠體5之範圍內,此光學封裝膠體5於本實施例中為實心之膠體,且材質為環氧樹脂,可防止該發光二極體晶粒2、溫度感測單元3及光感測單元4三者與空氣直接接觸,且該三者在矽基板1上分別電性連接複數電極,此複數電極可供與外部構件電性連接。
本實施例之矽基板1係一帶有電子之N型矽晶片,本實施例之光感測單元4係一帶有電洞之P型電性摻雜區,此述光感測單元4係透過微影製程及電性摻雜的方式,該發光二極體晶粒2設於該矽基板1上。因此,藉由矽基板1及光感測單元4間P-N接面的半導體特性,當發光二極體晶粒2的側面或是經由反射過程產生的光源照射在該光感測單元4時,經由電子與電洞的游移,便可將光的能量轉換成電動勢的輸出,而照射光源的大小將與輸出的電流(或電動勢)成特定的關係,因此透過該輸出訊號便可以偵測發光二極體晶粒的亮度大小。
如第1至2圖所示,本實施例之溫度感測單元3係電阻式金屬薄膜,透過薄膜沉積及微影製程成形在矽基板1上,在此溫度感測單元3上透過塗佈固膠30,該發光二極體晶粒2以底部於該溫度感測單元3上以此固膠30固晶黏著於矽基板1上。
如第1至2圖所示,本實施例之矽基板1在該發光二極體晶粒2的周圍環設一矽蝕穿絕熱槽10,該發光二極體晶粒2相對位在此矽蝕穿絕熱槽10之內,而該光感測單元4則相對位在矽蝕穿絕熱槽10之外。在為N型矽晶片之矽基板1的發光二極體晶粒2固晶處周圍設該矽蝕穿絕熱槽10,其目的是隔絕發光二極體晶粒2產生的熱直接傳導到矽基板1及光感測單元4之P-N接面,避免因熱的變化而影響光源量測值。
如第1圖所示,本實施例在矽基板1的底部設有一導熱片6,此導熱片6之材質於本實施例中為矽(亦可於其他實施態樣中使用金屬或陶瓷為材質),矽基板1於該矽蝕穿絕熱槽10內的底部與該導熱片6間設有導熱膠11。由於矽本身具有極佳的熱導熱係數(約1.57 W/cm℃),因此透過為N型矽晶片之矽基板1、導熱膠11以及導熱片6的堆疊與黏著,可以快速並有效的將發光二極體晶粒2產生的熱能傳遞到週遭環境,以保持元件在適當的工作溫度;同時因為矽基板1的機械性質與發光二極體晶粒2相近,因此可以減少熱應力產生的影響,以提升產品的可靠度與疲勞壽命。至於多晶排列或是更大功率的光源需求,後續亦可再透過額外的熱傳導或是強制對流的方式,以降低其操作溫度。
如第1圖所示,本實施例之矽基板1在該矽蝕穿絕熱槽10外的底部與該導熱片6間設有隔熱層12,此設在該矽基板1與導熱片6之間的隔熱層12,其功能是避免導熱片6的溫度由下而上的快速傳遞熱量至矽基板1及光感測單元4之P-N接面,進而影響光感測區域的阻值變化。
如第1圖所示,本實施例之矽基板1的頂部在矽蝕穿絕熱槽10內跟外皆設有絕緣層13,此絕緣層13係於矽基板1上方以沉積方式成形。當發光二極體晶粒2在操作過程中產生的熱能,會迅速的經由固膠30傳導至溫度感測單元3,由於電阻式金屬薄膜的電性(電阻值)會隨著溫度的改變而產生變化,以一般常用的白金金屬材料為例,其電阻值會隨著溫度的增加而增加,因此透過電阻式金屬薄膜兩端的電阻變化便能推測發光二極體晶粒2的溫度大小。上述固膠30的材料主要有兩種,包括高分子聚合物以及金屬化合物,其中以金屬化合物的固膠(例如銀膠)具有較佳的熱傳效果,且厚度一般大概都在數十微米,因此膠體上下表面的溫度梯度較小,即溫度感測單元3可以很精確的偵測發光二極體晶粒2的表面溫度。
如第1至2圖所示,所述之複數電極設於該矽蝕穿絕熱槽外之矽基板1頂部之絕緣層13上,此複數電極包含二發光二極體驅動電極70、二溫度感測電極71以及二光感測電極72。如第1圖所示,該二發光二極體驅動電極70分別利用金屬導線700於對應電極(於本實施例中為直流電源之正負電極)以打線的方式與該發光二極體晶粒2電性連接,且在金屬導線700上設一電極襯墊701供與外部構件電性連接;該二溫度感測電極71亦分別利用金屬導線710於對應電極(於本實施例中亦為直流電源之正負電極)以打線的方式與該溫度感測單元3電性連接,且亦於金屬導線710上設一電極襯墊(圖中未示)供與外部構件電性連接;所述二光感測電極72,其一光感測電極72利用金屬導線720貫穿絕緣層13而嵌入該矽基板1而連性連接,另一光感測電極72亦利用金屬導線720亦貫穿絕緣層13而嵌入該光感測單元4電性連接,此二光感測電極分別在金屬導線720上設一電極襯墊(圖中未示),俾將矽基板1的N極電性以及光感測單元4之P極電性個別引導至矽基板1的表面,供與外部構件電性連接。
由上述之說明不難發現本創作之優點,在於,該矽基板1以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元3及一光感測單元4,並將發光二極體晶粒2以光學封裝膠體5封裝即完成發光二極體模組,同時具有對發光二極體發光溫度感測以及光感測的功能,而可對發光二極體的亮度自適應調變,且具有發光二極體節能省電及壽命長等優點,相較於習知的發光二極體而言,可避免透過外部光及溫度感測元件之監控系統複雜且價格昂貴並同時無法滿足即時監控的問題,且能簡化發光二極體模組的組裝,若大量製作時,相對可提高發光二極體製程之效率。
當然,本創作仍存在許多例子,其間僅細節上之變化。請參閱第3圖,其係本創作之第二實施例,與第一實施例同樣包含一矽基板1及一發光二極體晶粒2,且矽基板1同樣以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元3及一光感測單元4,本實施例與第一實施例之主要差異,在於該光學封裝膠體5A在矽基板1上的封裝範圍為僅封裝該發光二極體晶粒2,可防止發光二極體晶粒2與空氣直接接觸。
請參閱第4圖,其係本創作之第三實施例,與第一實施例同樣包含一矽基板1及一發光二極體晶粒2,且矽基板1同樣以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元3及一光感測單元4,本實施例與第一實施例之主要差異,在於該光學封裝膠體5B為空心之薄殼,該光學封裝膠體5B因空心而內含空氣,提供良好的散熱效果,且當發光二極體晶粒2發光時,如第4圖所示,光會由光學封裝膠體5B之薄殼的內面反射,以增加反射光。
又如第5圖所示,為本創作之第四實施例,係於第三實施例之結構基礎下,於光學封裝膠體5B內對該發光二極體晶粒2封裝一如第二實施例之實心的光學封裝膠體5A,設此光學封裝膠體5A可防止發光二極體晶粒2與空氣接觸,且光學封裝膠體5B在薄殼上具有若干供光學封裝膠體5B內的空氣向外對流之透氣孔50B,亦可達到良好的散熱效果,且光亦由光學封裝膠體5B之薄殼的內面反射,亦可增加反射光。
以上所述實施例之揭示係用以說明本發明,並非用以限制本發明,故舉凡數值之變更或等效元件之置換仍應隸屬本發明之範疇。
由以上詳細說明,可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本發明的確可達成前述目的,實已符合專利法之規定,爰提出專利申請。
1...矽基板
10...矽蝕穿絕熱槽
11...導熱膠
12...隔熱層
13...絕緣層
2...發光二極體晶粒
3...溫度感測單元
30...固膠
4...光感測單元
5...光學封裝膠體
6...導熱片
70...發光二極體驅動電極
700...金屬導線
701...電極襯墊
71...溫度感測電極
710...金屬導線
72...光感測電極
720...金屬導線
5A...光學封裝膠體
5B...光學封裝膠體
50B...透氣孔
第1圖係本發明第一實施例之側面剖視示意圖。
第2圖係第1圖之A處虛擬框線部位的局部俯視示意圖。
第3圖係本發明第二實施例之側面剖視示意圖。
第4圖係本發明第三實施例之側面剖視示意圖。
第5圖係本發明第四實施例之側面剖視示意圖。
1...矽基板
10...矽蝕穿絕熱槽
11...導熱膠
12...隔熱層
13...絕緣層
2...發光二極體晶粒
3...溫度感測單元
30...固膠
4...光感測單元
5...光學封裝膠體
6...導熱片
70...發光二極體驅動電極
700...金屬導線
701...電極襯墊
Claims (13)
- 一種發光二極體模組,其在一矽基板上設至少一發光二極體晶粒,該矽基板以半導體製程一次成型一溫度感測單元及一光感測單元,其中該溫度感測單元設在該發光二極體晶粒底部,且該光感測單元分佈在該發光二極體晶粒的周圍,至少該發光二極體晶粒在矽基板上被封裝在一光學封裝膠體之範圍內,且該三者在矽基板上分別電性連接複數電極,此複數電極可供與外部構件電性連接。
- 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之發光二極體模組,其中該矽基板上係一帶有電子之N型矽晶片,該光感測單元係一於該矽基板中所設之P型電性摻雜區,此P型電性摻雜區環設在該發光二極體晶粒的周圍,且溫度感測單元設在發光二極體晶粒及矽基板之間。
- 依申請專利範圍第2項所述之發光二極體模組,其中該溫度感測單元為電阻式金屬薄膜而透過薄膜沉積及微影製程成形在矽基板上,在該溫度感測單元上塗佈固膠,該發光二極體晶粒以底部於該溫度感測單元上以此固膠固晶黏著於矽基板上,此述固膠之材料為高分子聚合物以及金屬化合物其中之一者。
- 依申請專利範圍第3項所述之發光二極體模組,其中該矽基板在該發光二極體晶粒的周圍環設一阻隔熱往外傳導之矽蝕穿絕熱槽,該發光二極體晶粒相對位在此矽蝕穿絕熱槽之內,而該P型電性摻雜區則相對位在矽蝕穿絕熱槽之外。
- 依申請專利範圍第4項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,在該矽基板的底部設有一導熱片,此導熱片的材質為矽、金屬及陶瓷其中之一者,該矽基板在矽蝕穿絕熱槽內之底部與該導熱片間設有導熱膠,且矽基板在該矽蝕穿絕熱槽外之底部與該導熱片間設有隔熱層。
- 依申請專利範圍第5項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該矽基板的頂部在矽蝕穿絕熱槽內跟外皆設有絕緣層,且溫度感測單元位在該矽蝕穿絕熱槽內之矽基板頂部之絕緣層上。
- 依申請專利範圍第6項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,所述之複數電極設於該矽蝕穿絕熱槽外之矽基板頂部之絕緣層上,所述電極係以一金屬導線電性傳輸,且以一設於金屬導線上之電極襯墊供與外部構件電性連接。
- 依申請專利範圍第7項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,所述之複數電極包含二發光二極體驅動電極、二溫度感測電極以及二光感測電極,其中該二發光二極體驅動電極分別以對應電極與該發光二極體晶粒電性連接,該二溫度感測電極分別以對應電極與該溫度感測單元電性連接,以其一光感測電極與該矽基板連性連接,且另一光感測電極與該P型電性摻雜區電性連接。
- 依申請專利範圍第8項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該二發光二極體驅動電極分別以金屬導線與該發光二極體晶粒間打線而對應地電性連接;該二溫度感測電極分別以金屬導線與該溫度感測單元間以打線而對應地電性連接;其中之一光感測電極以金屬導線嵌入矽基板電性連接,另一光感測電極以金屬導線嵌入P型電性摻雜區電性連接。
- 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該光學封裝膠體為實心之膠體,且在矽基板上的封裝範圍包含發光二極體晶粒、溫度感測單元及光感測單元三者的範圍。
- 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該光學封裝膠體為實心之膠體,且在矽基板上的封裝範圍為僅封裝該發光二極體晶粒。
- 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該光學封裝膠體為空心之薄殼,在矽基板上的封裝範圍包含發光二極體晶粒、溫度感測單元及光感測單元三者的範圍。
- 依申請專利範圍第12項所述之發光二極體模組,其中,該光學封裝膠體內對該發光二極體晶粒封裝一實心之光學封裝膠體,且光學封裝膠體在薄殼上具有若干供光學封裝膠體內的空氣向外對流之透氣孔。
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US11626448B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2023-04-11 | Lumileds Llc | Fan-out light-emitting diode (LED) device substrate with embedded backplane, lighting system and method of manufacture |
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US11777066B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2023-10-03 | Lumileds Llc | Flipchip interconnected light-emitting diode package assembly |
US11664347B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2023-05-30 | Lumileds Llc | Ceramic carrier and build up carrier for light-emitting diode (LED) array |
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