TWI507158B - Window planted - Google Patents
Window planted Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI507158B TWI507158B TW103118663A TW103118663A TWI507158B TW I507158 B TWI507158 B TW I507158B TW 103118663 A TW103118663 A TW 103118663A TW 103118663 A TW103118663 A TW 103118663A TW I507158 B TWI507158 B TW I507158B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- window
- frame
- support
- support frame
- type plant
- Prior art date
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關於一種窗型植栽載具,且特別是有關於一種設置於原有窗架上並種植植栽,提供室內、外空間造景以及環境綠化之窗型植栽載具。The invention relates to a window type plant carrier, and particularly relates to a window type plant carrier which is arranged on an original window frame and planted to provide indoor and outdoor space landscaping and environmental greening.
隨著綠化建築概念的興起,人們常於家戶中種植盆栽,或直接於外牆面上設置爬藤植物,增添綠意造景,但常常為設置空間所限制,必須於現有空間作最妥善之規劃,同樣地,這類問題也發生在一般都會區之公共空間中;一般都會區公共空間中常見的綠化工程施作多半為設置花圃、行道樹或廣設公園等,但由於都會區空間多為飽和狀態,興建所需用地取得不易,在實際施作上,也有其先天難度;因此,如能結合一現有建築之綠化設計,不影響原建物設計,同時得以增添綠意,美化環境,應為一最佳解決方案。With the rise of the concept of green building, people often plant potted plants in their homes, or set up vine plants directly on the outer wall to add green landscaping, but often limit the space and must be the best in the existing space. In the same way, such problems also occur in the public space of the general metropolitan area; most of the common greening projects in the public space of the general metropolitan area are the setting of flower beds, street trees or parks, but due to the large space in the metropolitan area. In the saturated state, it is not easy to build the required land. In actual application, it also has its inherent difficulty; therefore, if it can combine the green design of an existing building, it will not affect the original building design, and at the same time, it can add greenery and beautify the environment. For an optimal solution.
另外,由於植物可以吸收或遮蔽部分進入室內之陽光,又因其具有良好之吸音功能,所以能夠調節室內之溫度、濕度、安靜度並淨化空氣,而植物生長時的旺盛綠意,不但可以美化環境,其所具有之生命力和活力,也常可以舒解都市人之生活壓力,帶來喜悅的心情;因此有部份大樓之頂層空間,有建構開發了空中花園或是空中菜圃,但是由於空中花園或是空中菜圃仍然是屬於公共設施,不但維護不易,對於室內綠化所產生的效果不如直接種植於室內中或是陽台上;但於室內種植植物亦有其缺點,除了需要花費許多的心力定時澆灌植物之外,室內空間必須夠大,不然很容易會造成室內環境雜亂的情況發生。此外,由於 種植植物容易吸引昆蟲接近,因此,若無法有效率的控制與管理,於室內種植植物將會給使用者帶來更多的困擾與壓力;因此,若能提供一種能夠便於管理、安裝及使用的窗型植栽載具,應為一最佳解決方案。In addition, because the plant can absorb or obscure part of the sunlight entering the room, and because of its good sound absorption function, it can adjust the temperature, humidity, quietness and air purification in the room, and the green color of the plant growth can not beautify The environment, its vitality and vitality, can often relieve the pressure of urban people's life and bring joy. Therefore, there are some buildings with top-level space, which has been constructed and developed in the sky garden or in the air, but because of the air. Garden or aerial dishes are still public facilities, not only difficult to maintain, but also less effective for indoor greening than indoors or on balconies; however, planting plants indoors has its shortcomings, except that it takes a lot of effort. In addition to watering the plants, the indoor space must be large enough, otherwise it will easily cause the indoor environment to be messy. In addition, due to Planting plants tends to attract insects, so if you can't control and manage them efficiently, planting plants indoors will bring more trouble and pressure to users; therefore, if it can provide a kind of management, installation and use. Window type planting vehicles should be an optimal solution.
本發明提供一種窗型植栽載具,可直接架設於原有之窗架上,更能夠任意移動盆栽的位置,以便於使用者能夠自行照顧與觀賞該窗型植栽載具內所種植之植物。The invention provides a window type plant carrier, which can be directly erected on the original window frame, and can further move the position of the potted plant so that the user can take care of and watch the planting of the window type plant carrier. plant.
本發明提出一種窗型植栽載具,包括一抵靠部及一支撐部。抵靠部包括一夾持部、至少一第一鎖固件、一座體部及自座體部所凸設之一旋轉軸,夾持部係夾持於一窗框之一側框,並透過至少一第一鎖固件鎖固於窗框之側框,座體部係延伸自夾持部,以壓抵窗框之一下框,支撐部設有一套接部以套設於座體部所延伸之旋轉軸,並透過一第二鎖固件以使支撐部活動設置於座體部及自座體部所延伸之旋轉軸上,支撐部上設置一承載部以承載一植栽容器。The invention provides a window type plant carrier, comprising an abutting portion and a supporting portion. The abutting portion includes a clamping portion, at least one first locking member, a body portion and a rotating shaft protruding from the seat portion. The clamping portion is clamped to a side frame of a window frame and transmits at least A first locking member is locked to the side frame of the window frame, and the seat body portion extends from the clamping portion to press against a lower frame of the window frame, and the supporting portion is provided with a set of connecting portions for being sleeved on the seat body portion. The bearing shaft is disposed on the supporting portion to carry a planting container by rotating the shaft and passing through a second locking member to move the supporting portion to the rotating shaft extending from the seat portion and the seat portion.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之支撐部跨越窗框內外時,支撐部對應於窗框內側之一窗片收納槽的位置設置有一ㄩ型結構,以使ㄩ型結構外側凸面嵌抵靠於窗片收納槽、ㄩ型結構內側凹面供一拉窗扣合以嵌合於窗框。In an embodiment of the present invention, when the supporting portion spans the inside and outside of the window frame, the supporting portion is disposed at a position corresponding to one of the window receiving grooves on the inner side of the window frame, so that the outer convex surface of the ㄩ-shaped structure is embedded The window receiving groove and the concave inner side of the ㄩ-shaped structure are fastened by a sliding window to be fitted to the window frame.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之支撐部包括一第一支撐架及一第二支撐架,第二支撐架係套設於第一支撐架上,當確認第二支撐架與第一支撐架之相對位置時,係透過一第三鎖固件將第二支撐架鎖固於第一支撐架上,其中,第一支撐架跨越窗框內外時,第一支撐架對應於窗框內側之一窗片收納槽的位置設置有一ㄩ型結構,以使ㄩ型結構外側凸面嵌合於窗片收納槽、ㄩ型結構內側凹而供一拉窗扣合以嵌合於窗框,第二支撐架上設置承載部以承載植栽容器。In an embodiment of the present invention, the support portion includes a first support frame and a second support frame, and the second support frame is sleeved on the first support frame, and when the second support frame and the first support are confirmed When the relative position of the frame is fixed, the second support frame is locked to the first support frame by a third fastener, wherein when the first support frame spans the inside and outside of the window frame, the first support frame corresponds to one of the inner side of the window frame The window receiving groove is disposed at a position of a ㄩ-shaped structure, so that the outer convex surface of the ㄩ-shaped structure is fitted into the window accommodating groove, the inner side of the ㄩ-shaped structure is concave, and a sliding window is fastened to be fitted to the sash, the second supporting frame A load bearing portion is disposed to carry the planting container.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之夾持部與窗框間更 設置一墊片,墊片係受該至少一第一鎖固件所壓制,使墊片緊迫於窗框之側框之表面,而有效阻隔空氣、水氣不會滲入窗框內而接觸到至少一第一鎖固件,以確保至少一第一鎖固件不被鏽蝕,該至少一第一鎖固件係穿過夾持部與墊片,以鎖固夾持部於窗框上。In an embodiment of the invention, the clamping portion and the window frame are further Providing a gasket, the gasket is pressed by the at least one first fastener, so that the gasket is pressed against the surface of the side frame of the window frame, and effectively blocks air and moisture from penetrating into the window frame to contact at least one The first locking member ensures that at least one of the first locking members is not rusted, and the at least one first locking member passes through the clamping portion and the spacer to lock the clamping portion on the window frame.
100,100’‧‧‧窗型植栽載具100,100’‧‧·window type planting vehicle
110‧‧‧抵靠部110‧‧‧Abutment
111‧‧‧夾持部111‧‧‧Clamping Department
112‧‧‧第一鎖固件112‧‧‧First lock firmware
113‧‧‧座體部113‧‧‧ body
114‧‧‧旋轉軸114‧‧‧Rotary axis
115‧‧‧墊片115‧‧‧shims
120‧‧‧支撐部120‧‧‧Support
121‧‧‧套接部121‧‧‧ Sockets
130‧‧‧第二鎖固件130‧‧‧Second lock firmware
150‧‧‧第三鎖固件150‧‧‧ third lock firmware
200‧‧‧承載部200‧‧‧Loading Department
220‧‧‧第一支撐架220‧‧‧First support frame
221‧‧‧套接部221‧‧‧ Sockets
230‧‧‧ㄩ型結構230‧‧‧ㄩ structure
2301‧‧‧內側凹面2301‧‧‧ inside concave surface
2302‧‧‧外側凸面2302‧‧‧Outer convex surface
240‧‧‧第二支撐架240‧‧‧second support frame
2401‧‧‧鎖固孔2401‧‧‧Lock hole
300‧‧‧承載部A300‧‧‧Loading Department A
400‧‧‧窗框400‧‧‧ window frame
410‧‧‧側框410‧‧‧ side frame
420‧‧‧下框420‧‧‧ lower frame
4201‧‧‧窗片收納槽4201‧‧‧window storage slot
430‧‧‧拉窗430‧‧‧Window
圖1A是本發明之一種結構的示意圖。Fig. 1A is a schematic view showing a structure of the present invention.
圖1B是本發明之另一種結構的示意圖。Fig. 1B is a schematic view showing another structure of the present invention.
圖2A是本發明之第一實施例之示意圖。Figure 2A is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
圖2B是圖2A之局部放大示意圖。Fig. 2B is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 2A.
圖3是本發明之窗型植栽載具設置於室內之示意圖。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the window type plant carrier of the present invention installed indoors.
圖4是本發明之窗型植栽載具設置於室外之示意圖。Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the window type plant carrier of the present invention installed outdoors.
圖5是本發明中另一植栽容器之實施例示意圖。Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of another planting container in the present invention.
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
請同時參閱圖1A~圖5,圖1A是本發明之一種結構的示意圖。圖1B是本發明之另一種結構的示意圖。圖2A是本發明之第一實施例之示意圖。圖2B是圖2A之局部放大示意圖。圖3是本發明之窗型植栽載具設置於室內之示意圖。圖4是本發明之窗型植栽載具設置於室外之示意圖。圖5是本發明中另一植栽容器之實施例示意圖。Please refer to FIG. 1A to FIG. 5 at the same time. FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention. Fig. 1B is a schematic view showing another structure of the present invention. Figure 2A is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2B is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 2A. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the window type plant carrier of the present invention installed indoors. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the window type plant carrier of the present invention installed outdoors. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of another planting container in the present invention.
在圖1A中,窗型植栽載具100包括一抵靠部110及一支撐部120。抵靠部110包括一夾持部111、至少一第一鎖固件112、一座體部113及自座體部113所凸設之一旋轉軸114,夾持部111係夾持於一窗框400之一側框410,並透過該至少一第一鎖固件112鎖固於窗框400之側框410,座體部113係延伸自夾持部111,以壓抵窗框400之一下框420。其中,夾持部111與窗框400 之側框410間更設置一墊片115,墊片115係受該至少一第一鎖固件112所壓制,使墊片115緊迫於窗框400之側框410之表面,而有效阻隔空氣、水氣不會滲入窗框400內而接觸到至少一第一鎖固件112,以確保至少一第一鎖固件112不被鏽蝕,更進一步來說,第一鎖固件112係穿過夾持部111與墊片115,以鎖固夾持部111於窗框400之側框410上。In FIG. 1A, the window type plant carrier 100 includes an abutting portion 110 and a supporting portion 120. The abutting portion 110 includes a clamping portion 111, at least one first locking member 112, a body portion 113, and a rotating shaft 114 protruding from the seat portion 113. The clamping portion 111 is clamped to a window frame 400. One side frame 410 is locked to the side frame 410 of the window frame 400 through the at least one first locking member 112. The seat portion 113 extends from the clamping portion 111 to press against a lower frame 420 of the window frame 400. Wherein, the clamping portion 111 and the window frame 400 A spacer 115 is further disposed between the side frames 410. The spacer 115 is pressed by the at least one first locking member 112 to press the spacer 115 against the surface of the side frame 410 of the window frame 400 to effectively block air and water. The gas does not penetrate into the window frame 400 to contact the at least one first fastener 112 to ensure that at least one of the first fasteners 112 is not rusted. Further, the first fastener 112 passes through the clamping portion 111 and The spacer 115 is configured to lock the clamping portion 111 on the side frame 410 of the window frame 400.
支撐部120係設有一套接部121以套設於座體部113所延伸之旋轉軸114,並透過一第二鎖固件130以使支撐部120活動設置於座體部113及自座體部113所延伸之旋轉軸114上,支撐部120上設置一承載部200以承載一植栽容器。The support portion 120 is provided with a set of connecting portions 121 for sleeved on the rotating shaft 114 extending from the seat portion 113, and is passed through a second locking member 130 to move the supporting portion 120 to the seat portion 113 and the self-supporting portion. On the rotating shaft 114 extending from 113, a supporting portion 200 is disposed on the supporting portion 120 to carry a planting container.
其中,支撐部120更包括一第一支撐架220及一第二支撐架240(如圖1B所示),第一支撐架220設有一套接部221以套設於座體部113所延伸之旋轉軸114,並透過第二鎖固件130使第一支撐架220活動設置於座體部113及自座體部113所延伸之旋轉軸114上。The support portion 120 further includes a first support frame 220 and a second support frame 240 (shown in FIG. 1B ). The first support frame 220 is provided with a set of connecting portions 221 for extending over the base portion 113 . The first support frame 220 is movably disposed on the base portion 113 and the rotating shaft 114 extending from the seat portion 113 through the second lock member 130.
第二支撐架240套設於第一支撐架220上,並透過一第三鎖固件150將第二支撐架240鎖固於第一支撐架220上,其中第二支撐架240上設置承載部200。此外,第二支撐架240上更可設置數個鎖固孔2401,藉此可將一個或一個以上的承載部200以鎖固於該些鎖固孔2401之方式,固接於第二支撐架240上。舉例而言,圖5中之承載部A300,可鎖固於第二支撐架240上,也可以將承載部200及承載部A300同時排列並鎖固於第二支撐架240上。The second support frame 240 is sleeved on the first support frame 220, and the second support frame 240 is locked to the first support frame 220 via a third fastener 150. The second support frame 240 is provided with a carrying portion 200. . In addition, the second support frame 240 can be further provided with a plurality of locking holes 2401, so that one or more bearing portions 200 can be fixed to the second support frame by locking the locking holes 2401. 240 on. For example, the carrying portion A300 in FIG. 5 can be locked on the second supporting frame 240, and the carrying portion 200 and the carrying portion A300 can be simultaneously arranged and locked on the second supporting frame 240.
於本實施例中,透過支撐部120或第一支撐架220活動設置於座體部113及自座體部113所延伸之旋轉軸114上之設計,讓使用者可自由移動承載部200的位置。更進一步來說,當使用者將承載部200自室外移至室內時,支撐部120或第一支撐架220可以為直桿的形式(如圖1A所示)或者是設置有一ㄩ型結構230(如圖1B所示),若為圖1B之形式,則可透過此ㄩ型結構230 嵌合於窗框400,使ㄩ型結構230外側凸面2302嵌抵靠於窗片收納槽4201、ㄩ型結構230內側凹面2301供一拉窗430扣合以嵌合於窗框400,藉此可避免因拉窗430扣合不夠緊密,而有蚊蟲飛入室內之疑慮。此外,窗框400內更設置一防水墊片,在下雨天時,若將承載部200移至室內,而拉窗430透過支撐部120或第一支撐架220之ㄩ型結構230扣合於窗框400時,可避免雨水滲入(如圖4所示)。In this embodiment, the design of the base portion 113 and the rotating shaft 114 extending from the seat portion 113 is movably disposed through the support portion 120 or the first support frame 220, so that the user can freely move the position of the bearing portion 200. . Further, when the user moves the carrying portion 200 from the outdoor to the indoor, the supporting portion 120 or the first supporting frame 220 may be in the form of a straight rod (as shown in FIG. 1A) or a squat structure 230 ( As shown in FIG. 1B, if it is in the form of FIG. 1B, the structure 230 can be transmitted through the structure. The sash 400 is fitted to the window frame 400 so that the outer convex surface 2302 of the ㄩ-shaped structure 230 is engaged against the window accommodating groove 4201 and the concave surface 2301 of the ㄩ-shaped structure 230 for fastening the sliding window 430 to be fitted to the window frame 400. Avoid the fear that the window 430 is not tightly fastened, and there are mosquitoes flying into the room. In addition, a waterproof gasket is disposed in the window frame 400. When the rain cover is used, if the bearing portion 200 is moved indoors, the window 430 is fastened to the window frame through the support structure 120 or the first structure 220 of the first support frame 220. At 400 o'clock, rainwater infiltration can be avoided (as shown in Figure 4).
綜上所述,本發明所提供之一種窗型植栽載具,與其他習用技術相互比較時,更具備下列優點:In summary, the window type plant carrier provided by the present invention has the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies:
1.本發明係能夠保有原窗戶之功能之外,更能夠前後移動植栽載具,以便於使用者能夠自行照顧與觀賞植栽載具內所種植之植物。1. The present invention is capable of retaining the functions of the original window, and is capable of moving the planting vehicle back and forth so that the user can take care of the plants grown in the planting vehicle.
2.本發明中,由於植栽載具可由使用者自行更換內部所種植之植物及植栽容器,因此除了能夠綠化環境之外,更能夠依照使用者的喜好,來搭配想要的景觀樣式。2. In the present invention, since the plant carrier can replace the plant and the planting container planted inside by the user, in addition to being able to green the environment, it is possible to match the desired landscape style according to the user's preference.
雖然本發明以前述實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習相像技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,所作更動與潤飾之等效替換,仍為本發明之專利保護範圍內。While the present invention has been described above in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the equivalents of the modifications and retouchings are still in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Within the scope of patent protection.
100‧‧‧窗型植栽載具100‧‧‧Window type planting vehicle
110‧‧‧抵靠部110‧‧‧Abutment
111‧‧‧夾持部111‧‧‧Clamping Department
112‧‧‧第一鎖固件112‧‧‧First lock firmware
113‧‧‧座體部113‧‧‧ body
114‧‧‧旋轉軸114‧‧‧Rotary axis
115‧‧‧墊片115‧‧‧shims
120‧‧‧支撐部120‧‧‧Support
121‧‧‧套接部121‧‧‧ Sockets
130‧‧‧第二鎖固件130‧‧‧Second lock firmware
200‧‧‧承載部200‧‧‧Loading Department
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW103118663A TWI507158B (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | Window planted |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW103118663A TWI507158B (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | Window planted |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TWI507158B true TWI507158B (en) | 2015-11-11 |
TW201544053A TW201544053A (en) | 2015-12-01 |
Family
ID=55220082
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW103118663A TWI507158B (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | Window planted |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
TW (1) | TWI507158B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112780159A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 江西师范大学 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly Chinese style antique window |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2416819Y (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-01-31 | 符绍纯 | Window type active flower frame |
JP2004244825A (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Tajima Metalwork Co Ltd | Fastening implement for mounting accessory for house on door frame or window frame |
US20130048586A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | William Scott Pixler | Expandable framework with attachable plant-support trays installable within an interior window frame |
-
2014
- 2014-05-28 TW TW103118663A patent/TWI507158B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2416819Y (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-01-31 | 符绍纯 | Window type active flower frame |
JP2004244825A (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Tajima Metalwork Co Ltd | Fastening implement for mounting accessory for house on door frame or window frame |
US20130048586A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | William Scott Pixler | Expandable framework with attachable plant-support trays installable within an interior window frame |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112780159A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 江西师范大学 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly Chinese style antique window |
CN112780159B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-19 | 江西师范大学 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective chinese style archaize window |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201544053A (en) | 2015-12-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10993385B2 (en) | Vegetated canopy apparatus, system, and method | |
AU2015100015A4 (en) | Modular Garden Planter | |
CN103960077B (en) | Stereo ecological plantation room | |
TWI578899B (en) | Multi-stacking decorative flowerpot unit | |
KR20160095863A (en) | Window garden | |
TWI507158B (en) | Window planted | |
CN203435493U (en) | Wavy base soil isolation type Dendrobium officinale cultivation frame | |
KR200474918Y1 (en) | Lawn deck having excellent drainage propertiy | |
JP5601702B2 (en) | Plant cultivation house | |
CN203708982U (en) | Multilayer temperature-light controlled log trunk officinal dendrobium cultivation greenhouse device | |
KR20170019859A (en) | Prefabricated greenhouse | |
US20170231170A1 (en) | Weed Blocking Mini Conservatory | |
JP2011050329A (en) | Greening system and greening tray | |
US20180255711A1 (en) | Green wall with overlapping hexagonal shaped modules on a vertical structure | |
CN203633208U (en) | Square planting bag | |
JP2007154634A (en) | Structure with good appearance for veranda | |
CN203934491U (en) | Environment friendly bird house | |
JP2016096815A (en) | Flowerpot holding device | |
KR20110126803A (en) | A flowerpot | |
JP4226296B2 (en) | Greening container installed on the roof of a building | |
WO2011009994A1 (en) | Construction | |
CN203072505U (en) | Novel vegetable greenhouse | |
TWI695676B (en) | Modular greenhouse roof structure | |
CN211406977U (en) | Afforestation division wall piece | |
CN207783700U (en) | A kind of landscape garden flower stand |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |