TWI482350B - Device of Flow Battery Channels - Google Patents

Description

Flow path structure of flow battery

The invention relates to a flow channel structure of a flow battery, in particular to a method for avoiding the flow of a fluid in a flow channel or a manifold, and capable of evenly distributing the fluid inside the battery pack with a minimum flow resistance, so that the fluid is in the flow channel. The ion exchange chemical reaction is fully carried out, thereby achieving the effect of improving the charge and discharge of the fluid battery.

According to the fluid battery, the fluid with different ionic valences is used as the electrolyte of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. When the fluid flows in the flow channel plate, the fluid will exchange ions through the ion exchange membrane, and the electromotive force is generated by the chemical energy, so that the battery can reach the battery. The ability to charge and discharge, and the flow of fluid in the flow channel plate will affect the ion exchange capacity, and further determine the performance of the battery charge and discharge.

However, the conventional technology is as shown in Fig. 1, which is a flow channel design for a commercial vanadium battery. The flow channel plate 5 has a plurality of flow paths and ramps 51, and the second figure shows a conventional design inlet flow channel area. A partial flow field simulation analysis diagram of the junction of the manifold and the connecting channel, the color of which indicates the flow velocity of the fluid, and the right side is the color block bar. The figure 2 shows that the fluid flows to a part of the connected manifold, causing the fluid The phenomenon of recirculation makes it impossible for some of the connected manifold fluids to circulate, which will reduce the chemical energy reaction block in the central flow channel region, and cause the flow velocity of each flow channel in the central flow channel region to be uneven, resulting in the charging and discharging efficiency of the flow battery. reduce.

Figure 3 is a comparison of the flow rates of the fluids injected into the flow channel at a pressure of 1 bar in the conventional design. The horizontal axis is the manifold number (1~11), and the vertical axis is the flow velocity of each channel ( ) and the average of all the flow channels. The ratio B of the flow rate ( ), from the third figure, shows that the fluid is reflowed in the connecting channels 9, 10, and 11, respectively. In summary, it is necessary to design the flow path or the manifold of the conventional technology for improved design.

In view of this, the inventors of this case have intensively discussed the above-mentioned problems of conventional inventions, and actively pursued solutions through years of experience in R&D and manufacturing of related industries. After long-term efforts in research and development, they finally succeeded in developing this book. Invented the "flow path structure of the flow battery" to improve the problems of the conventional use.

The techniques of the investigation, such as the "electrode material structure and the flow battery device made of the same", and the electrode structure of the all-vanadium flow battery of 201232910, and the present The comparison of patents is as follows. (In addition to foreign patents, there is no similar invention.)

1. "Electrode material structure and flow battery device made of the same" of the Republic of China Patent No. 201244232: the "electrode material structure and the flow battery device made thereof" comprise a substrate An inlet unit and an outlet unit of the substrate are spaced apart from each other. The substrate is made of a porous electrically conductive material, including an opposite inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet unit includes a plurality of inlet flow passages extending from the inlet side to the outlet side and terminating at a closed blind end. The outlet unit includes a plurality of outlet flow passages that are offset from the inlet flow passages and extend from the outlet side to the inlet side and terminate at a closed blind end. Thereby, when the electrolyte is caused to flow through the structure, the flow resistance and the pressure drop formed are lower, the energy storage efficiency can be improved, and the electrolyte and the structure still have a large contact chance, and Maintain high reaction efficiency.

2. Republic of China Patent No. 201232910 "Electrode structure of all-vanadium flow battery": The "electrode structure of all-vanadium flow battery" includes proton exchange membrane, two graphite paper, two graphite felt unit, two gaskets, two The graphite current collecting plate, the two metal sheets and the locking device are sequentially stacked symmetrically from the outside to the inside, and the all-vanadium liquid electrolyte storage tank can be connected through the connecting pipeline and the all-vanadium liquid electrolyte flowing through to carry out the redox reaction The externally fed input power can be stored or the externally required output power can be generated. Each graphite current collecting plate has a groove-like flow path, is embedded in the graphite felt unit, and covers the graphite felt unit with graphite paper. Different electrolytes flow in the corresponding flow channels, and the proton exchange membrane acts as a separator to separate the different electrolytes on both sides, and can be applied to the whole vanadium flow battery, and can be further stacked into a large electrode structure. Increase electric power.

According to the above two patents, the structural design of the two is different from the present invention, and the effect of avoiding fluid reflow and evenly distributing the fluid inside the battery pack is not achieved, so the invention is indeed innovative and Progressive and correct.

The main object of the present invention is to prevent the fluid from flowing back in the flow channel or the manifold, and to uniformly distribute the fluid inside the battery pack with a minimum flow resistance, so that the fluid can fully perform the ion exchange chemical reaction in the flow channel, thereby achieving Improve the performance of fluid battery charging and discharging.

For the above purposes, the present invention is a flow path structure for a flow battery comprising at least three embodiments:

The first embodiment includes: a plate; a central flow passage area is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of passage portions, each of the passage portions is provided with a plurality of turning points, is further divided into a plurality of flow passages at the turning point, and is distributed in parallel to the plate An inlet passageway region is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps, a confluent flow passage vertically communicating with each of the inlet ramps, and a connection of a plurality of vertically connected confluent flow passages a ramp, and each of the connected ramps has a different length; and an exit runner region is disposed on at least one side of the panel, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed exit ramps, one perpendicular to each of the exit ramps The manifold channel and a plurality of connection ramps connecting the channel portions.

In the first embodiment, the sheet is made of graphite that facilitates electrical conductivity.

In the first embodiment, the area of the central flow path region is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%.

In the first embodiment, the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp, and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the confluent flow passage is between 2 mm and 5 mm.

In the first embodiment, the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel.

In the first embodiment, each of the entrance ramps, the exit ramps, and the connecting ramps includes at least eleven ramps.

The second embodiment includes: a plate; a central flow passage area is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of passage portions, each of the passage portions is provided with a plurality of turning points, is further divided into a plurality of flow passages at the turning point, and is distributed in parallel to the plate An inlet passageway region is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps, a confluent flow passage vertically communicating with each of the inlet ramps, and a connection of a plurality of vertically connected confluent flow passages a ramp, and the inlet runner zone may be respectively provided with a micro-pillar; and an outlet runner zone, which is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed exit ramps, one and each exit ramp A vertically connected bus flow path and a plurality of connecting ramps connecting the respective channel portions.

In a second embodiment, the sheet is made of graphite that facilitates electrical conductivity.

In the second embodiment, the area of the central flow path region is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%.

In the second embodiment, the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp, and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the confluent flow passage is between 2 mm and 5 mm.

In the second embodiment, the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel.

In the second embodiment, each of the entrance ramps, the exit ramps, and the connecting ramps includes at least eleven ramps.

The third embodiment includes: a plate; a central flow passage area is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of passage portions, each of the passage portions is provided with a plurality of turning points, is further divided into a plurality of flow passages at the turning point, and is distributed in parallel to the plate An inlet passageway region is provided on at least one side of the sheet material, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps, and each of the inlet ramps is connected to one end of each of the passage portions; and an outlet flow passage region It is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of parallel outlet exit ramps, and each outlet ramp is respectively connected to the other end of each channel portion.

In a third embodiment, the sheet is made of graphite that facilitates electrical conductivity.

In the third embodiment, the area of the central flow path region is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%.

In the third embodiment, the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp, and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%.

In the third embodiment, the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel.

In the third embodiment, each of the entrance ramps and the exit ramps includes at least eleven ramps.

1‧‧‧ plates

2‧‧‧Central runner area

21‧‧‧Channel Department

3, 3a‧‧‧ entrance runner area

31, 31a‧‧‧ entrance ramp

32‧‧‧Confluence runner

33‧‧‧Connecting the ramp

34‧‧‧micron column

4, 4a‧‧‧Export runner area

41, 41a‧‧‧ Export ramp

42‧‧‧Confluence runner

43‧‧‧Connecting the ramp

5‧‧‧Channel board

51‧‧‧岐道

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic architecture of the custom design.

Figure 2 is a partial flow field simulation of a conventional design.

Figure 3 is a comparison of the flow rates of fluids in each flow channel.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a partial flow field simulation of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the comparison of the flow rates of the respective flow paths of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the comparison of the flow rates of the respective flow channels of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the comparison of flow rates of respective flow paths of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the flow rate uniformity of the fluids of the respective embodiments of the present invention and the conventional design.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a comparison of a discharge curve of a second embodiment of the present invention and a conventional design.

Please refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 12, which are schematic diagrams of a basic architecture of a first embodiment of the present invention, a basic architecture diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention, and a basic architecture diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of a partial flow field simulation of a second embodiment of the present invention, a comparison of the flow rates of the flow channels of the first embodiment of the present invention, a comparison of the flow rates of the flow channels of the second embodiment of the present invention, and a third embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the comparison of the flow rate of the flow channel fluid, a comparison of the flow rate uniformity of the fluids of the various embodiments of the present invention with the conventional design, and a comparison of the discharge curves of the second embodiment of the present invention with the conventional design. As shown in the figure: the invention is a flow channel structure of a liquid flow battery, which belongs to the research and development technology of a liquid flow battery, and the applied industry is an energy and power industry, and the product application object is a system or equipment requiring a power storage device. For example, microgrid or smart grid systems, solar or wind energy storage energy storage equipment, power storage peaking and electric vehicles, etc., at least include the following three examples:

a first embodiment (as shown in Figure 4): comprising a plate 1 and a central flow path Zone 2, an inlet runner zone 3 and an outlet runner zone 4.

The sheet 1 is made of graphite which is advantageous for electrical conductivity.

The central flow channel region 2 is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material 1 and has an area of 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%, and includes a plurality of channel portions 21, and each channel portion 21 is provided with a plurality of turning points. The turning point can be divided into at least three channels and arranged in parallel at the center of the sheet material 1, and the width of each channel portion 21 is 1.5 mm ± 20%.

The inlet flow channel region 3 is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material 1, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps 31, a confluent flow passage 32 vertically communicating with each of the inlet chutes 31, and a plurality of vertical communication confluence passages The connection ramp 33 of the 32, each connection ramp 33 has a different length, and the width of the entrance ramp 31 and the connecting ramp 33 is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the connecting flow passage 32 is 2 mm. Between ~5mm, the other entrance ramps 31 and the connecting ramps 33 contain at least eleven ramps.

The outlet flow path region 4 is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material 1, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed outlet chutes 41, a confluent flow passage 42 communicating perpendicularly with each of the outlet chutes 41, and a plurality of communicating passage portions 21 The connection ramps 43, the width of each of the exit ramps 41 and the connecting ramps 43 is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the confluent flow passages 42 is between 2 mm and 5 mm, and the other exit ramps 41 and ports are connected. Road 43 contains at least eleven ramps.

In the first embodiment, the connecting channels 33 of the inlet flow channel region 3 are respectively of different lengths and are arranged in an inclined arrangement; thus, the design of each connecting channel 33 can be utilized to allow the fluid to follow the trend. Its sloping design flows in to avoid local backflow of the fluid.

The second embodiment (as shown in FIG. 5) differs from the first embodiment in that The inlet flow channel region 3 can be respectively provided with micro-pillars 34, each of which is disposed in the confluent flow channel 32 in front of each connecting channel 33, and each micro-negative column 34 is disposed at least three ports respectively. Before the passage 33, and each microcolumn 34 is arranged obliquely in the bus flow passage 32 to avoid local backflow of the fluid. Based on the pressure drop, mass transfer and diffusion effects of the overall flow channel, the size and design of each micron column 34 and the placement position can be adjusted according to the design focus, so that the local fluid flow, diffusion and quality can be flexibly improved. effect.

The third embodiment (as shown in FIG. 6) differs from the first and second embodiments in that each of the inlet chute area 3a and the outlet chute area 4a has an inlet ramp 31a and an exit ramp 41a. Further, the channel portions 21 can be further directly connected to each other, and the bus channels 32, 42 are omitted; thus, the fluid can be directly entered into the channels of the center channel region 2 from the inlet channels 31a without passing through the manifold 32. Section 21 to avoid localized backflow of fluid and to make the fluid flow rate more uniform.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a partial flow field simulation analysis diagram of a junction between a confluent flow passage of an inlet flow passage region and a connecting manifold in a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein a recirculation phenomenon occurs after the fluid enters the manifold; Has been significantly improved.

Fig. 8 to Fig. 10 show the flow rate comparison diagrams of the fluids of the respective channels injected with the fluid pressure of 1 bar in each embodiment, and the phenomenon that the recirculation occurs after the fluid enters the manifold is observed, which has been remarkably improved. And use the following formula to obtain flow uniformity:

Figure 11 is a view showing a conventional design and a flow path design of each of the first to third embodiments of the present invention. The experimental results of the uniformity of the flow velocity of the whole flow channel under the fluid pressure of 1, 1.25 and 1.5 bar; when the Reynolds number increases, that is, the flow velocity of the flow channel is fast, turbulent flow is easy to occur, so the overall flow channel fluid The uniformity of the flow rate also decreases. Through the flow rate uniformity experiment of the whole flow channel fluid, the flow velocity uniformity of the entire flow channel fluid of each embodiment of the present invention is superior to the conventional design, wherein the flow channel design of the second embodiment of the present invention is optimal, and At high fluid pressures, the flow rate uniformity of the overall flow path fluid is also low.

Figure 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the current density and the voltage at the time of discharge in the second embodiment of the present invention. It is known from the experimental results that the current density of the second embodiment of the present invention is higher than that of the conventional design. It is about 7.3% higher and has better discharge performance.

Through the partial flow field simulation analysis and experimental results of the above-mentioned patent of the present invention, the flow channel design of each embodiment of the present invention is shown, which can effectively improve the flow velocity uniformity and discharge performance of the overall flow channel fluid, wherein the flow of the second embodiment is The road design is the best.

In summary, the flow channel structure of the flow battery of the present invention can effectively improve various disadvantages of the conventional use, can avoid the recirculation of fluid in the flow channel or the manifold, and can uniformly distribute the fluid inside the battery pack with minimum flow resistance. The fluid is fully ion-exchanged in the flow channel to achieve the effect of improving the charge and discharge of the fluid battery; thereby enabling the invention to be more advanced, more practical, and more suitable for consumer use, and has indeed met the invention patent application. The key requirements are to file a patent application in accordance with the law.

However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the invention are modified. , should still be covered by the patent of the invention Within the scope.

1‧‧‧ plates

2‧‧‧Central runner area

21‧‧‧Channel Department

31‧‧‧ entrance ramp

32‧‧‧Confluence runner

33‧‧‧Connecting the ramp

34‧‧‧micron column

4‧‧‧Exporting runner area

Claims (18)

A flow channel structure of a flow battery includes: a plate; a central flow channel region disposed on at least one side of the plate, comprising a plurality of channel portions, each channel portion being provided with a plurality of turning points at a turning point Divided into a plurality of flow channels and distributed in parallel at the center of the plate; an inlet flow channel region is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps and a vertical communication with each of the inlet ramps a manifold channel, and a connection channel of a plurality of vertically connected bus channels, each of which has a different length; and an outlet channel region disposed on at least one side of the plate, the plurality of parallel channels being distributed The exit ramp, a confluence channel that is in vertical communication with each of the exit ramps, and a plurality of connecting ramps that connect the respective channel sections. The flow path structure of the flow battery according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the plate is made of graphite which is favorable for conducting electricity. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 1, wherein the area of the central flow channel area is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the manifold flow passage The system is between 2mm~5mm. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 1, wherein the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 1, wherein each of the inlet ramps, the exit ramps and the connecting ramps comprises at least eleven ramps. A flow channel structure of a flow battery includes: a plate; a central flow channel region disposed on at least one side of the plate, comprising a plurality of channel portions, each channel portion being provided with a plurality of turning points at a turning point Divided into a plurality of flow channels and distributed in parallel at the center of the plate; an inlet flow channel region is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps and a vertical communication with each of the inlet ramps a flow channel, and a connection channel of a plurality of vertically connected bus channels, wherein the inlet channel region may be respectively provided with a micro column; and an outlet channel region is disposed on at least one side of the plate, which comprises a majority Parallel distribution of the exit ramp, a confluent flow path that is perpendicular to each of the exit ramps, and a plurality of connecting ramps that connect the respective passage sections. The flow path structure of the flow battery according to claim 7 of the patent application, wherein the plate is made of graphite which is favorable for conducting electricity. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 7, wherein the area of the central flow channel area is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 7, wherein the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%, and the width of the manifold flow passage The system is between 2mm~5mm. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 7, wherein the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 7, wherein each of the inlet ramps, the exit ramps and the connecting ramps comprises at least eleven ramps. A flow channel structure of a flow battery includes: a plate; a central flow channel region disposed on at least one side of the plate, comprising a plurality of channel portions, each channel portion being provided with a plurality of turning points at a turning point Divided into a plurality of flow channels, and distributed in parallel at the center of the plate; an inlet flow channel region is disposed on at least one side of the plate, and includes a plurality of parallel-distributed inlet ramps, and each inlet ramp system and each channel One end of the portion is connected; and an outlet flow path region is disposed on at least one side of the sheet material, and includes a plurality of parallel outlet outlet ramps, and each of the outlet ramps is connected to the other end of each of the channel portions. The flow path structure of the flow battery according to claim 13 of the patent application, wherein the plate is made of graphite which is favorable for conducting electricity. The flow channel structure of the flow battery according to claim 13 of the patent application, wherein the area of the central flow channel region is 10 cm ± 20% × 10 cm ± 20%. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 13, wherein the width of each channel portion, the inlet ramp, the exit ramp and the connecting ramp is 1.5 mm ± 20%. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery of claim 13, wherein the turning point of each channel portion can be divided into at least three channels, and each channel is distributed in parallel. According to the flow channel structure of the flow battery according to claim 13, wherein each of the inlet ramps and the exit ramps includes at least eleven ramps.