TWI472738B - Material aging test apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Material aging test equipment and test method thereof

The disclosure relates to a test device and a test method, and more particularly to a material aging test device and a test method thereof.

Solar energy is an energy that is never depleted and pollution-free. It has always been the focus of attention when solving the pollution and shortages faced by petrochemical energy. Among them, the solar cell can directly convert solar energy into electric energy, and it has become one of the most important alternative energy solutions.

In general, the weather resistance of such products used in outdoor environments for a long time is often affected by the environment and climate. For example, whether it is the solar cell itself or its packaging material, ultraviolet light is one of the causes of material deterioration in the case of long-term operation under the sun.

Therefore, in order to improve the service life of the product and obtain the weathering parameters of the product in a short time, the product is usually subjected to accelerated aging test, and when the aging test is completed, the aging test sample is subjected to spectrum measurement as a measure. The basis for the regulation of aging parameters.

However, if the solar analog light source, xenon lamp or ultraviolet lamp is used as the test source for accelerating aging of the aging test equipment, it is limited by the operation mode of the light source, and the sample is irradiated with a large area light source, thereby weakening the light source in the unit area. Photo Degree, in order to increase the rate of aging, usually to improve the intensity of the light source as a way, but this will easily lead to an increase in the temperature of the sample, which will easily lead to heat of the sample, which in turn affects the aging of the sample. In addition, the above-mentioned aging light source adopts a large-area aging, and it is difficult to locally irradiate the sample and to project a light source of different illuminance for each part. In addition, the above-mentioned light sources aging the sample with a range of wavelengths, which may not further provide a single wavelength source or fine-tune its wavelength range with conditions.

As described above, after the aging test is completed, the sample subjected to the aging test is subjected to spectrum measurement as a basis for the regulation of the aging parameter. As far as the relevant technical field is concerned, the aging test equipment and the spectrum measurement equipment are mostly two independent devices, and since the light source used in the aging test equipment is different from the light source used in the spectrum measurement equipment, the aging test will be completed. The sample is transferred to a spectrum measurement platform for spectral measurement.

In addition, if the spectrum measuring device is set inside the aging test device and cooperates with a rotating platform, the sample of the aging test is sent to the corresponding position of the spectrum system by using the platform rotation to perform the sample spectrum measurement, and the effect can be achieved. The time required for the sample transfer process can be shortened, but the aging test is different from the light source used for the spectrum measurement, so it is not easy to perform the aging test and the spectrum measurement at the same time, and in addition, the device may be extremely bulky.

Based on the above, how to improve the efficiency of aging test and to perform spectrum measurement synchronously in the aging test process is one of the research topics.

The present invention provides a material aging test apparatus comprising a pulsed laser source for providing a first beam; a beam expanding component for converting the first beam into a second beam and projecting to an object; For carrying the object; and a spectrum analyzer for measuring the spectral response of the object due to the projection of the second beam should.

The present invention provides a material aging test method, comprising: providing a first beam of light from a pulsed laser source to a beam expanding component; the first beam is converted into a second beam by the beam expanding component and projected onto an object, and continues Projecting for a period of time; and during a period of time during which the second beam is projected onto the object, the spectrum response of the object due to the projection of the second beam is measured by a spectrum analyzer.

In order to further understand the structure, purpose and function of the present disclosure, a detailed description will be given in conjunction with the drawings.

100‧‧‧Material aging test equipment

110‧‧‧Base

120‧‧‧ platform

130‧‧‧pulse laser source

140, 140A, 140B‧‧‧ Expanding components

141, 142‧‧‧ optical components

150‧‧‧ platform

160‧‧‧temperature control module

170‧‧‧ spectrum analyzer

171‧‧‧Filter

200‧‧‧ objects

Blocks A1, A2, A3, A4‧‧

B1‧‧‧First beam

B2‧‧‧second beam

C1, C2, C3, C4‧‧‧ curves

L1, L2, L3, L4‧‧‧ path

SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4‧‧‧ spot

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

2 is a schematic view showing a moving path of a second light beam of FIG. 1 to form a spot on an object.

3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the beam expanding assembly of the present disclosure.

4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the beam expander assembly of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the beam expander assembly of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the use of a pulsed laser source as an aging test source and a conventional burn-in test source.

Figure 7 is a graph of the spectral response of the number of photons of the present invention as a function of time.

Figure 8 is a spectrum response diagram after integration of Figure 7.

The technical means and functions used in the present disclosure for the purpose of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments illustrated in the following drawings are only for the purpose of illustration, but the technical means of the present invention are not limited thereto. List the schema.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the material aging test apparatus 100 is used to perform photoaging test on an object 200 to obtain weather resistance characteristics of the material. Material aging test equipment 100 includes a pedestal 110, a platform 120, a pulsed laser source 130, a beam expander assembly 140, and a spectrum analyzer 170. The pedestal 110 is, for example, a granite seat, and the platform 120, the pulsed laser source 130, the beam expanding assembly 140, and the spectrum analyzer 170 are erected thereon. The platform 120 is, for example, an X-axis-Y-axis moving platform that carries and drives the movement of the article 200. The beam expanding assembly 140 is positioned above the platform 120 and the article 200. The beam emitted by the pulsed laser source 130 is projected to the object 200 on the platform 120 via the beam expanding assembly 140. In addition, the material aging test apparatus 100 further includes a platform 150 disposed on the platform 120 and a temperature control module 160, wherein the platform 150 is fixed to the object 200 by vacuum adsorption, and the temperature control module 160 is disposed at The platform 150 has a water-cooled circuit (not shown) for providing cooling effect to the article 200 on the platform 150.

The pulsed laser source 130 is configured to provide a first beam B1 to the beam expanding assembly 140, and convert the first beam B1 into a second beam B2 via the beam expanding assembly 140 to project to the surface of the object 200. The power of the first beam B1 is adjustable, and the wavelength of the first beam B1 is adjustable. Here, the pulsed laser light source 130 of the present embodiment is configured to generate a first light beam B1 and a second light beam B2 having a wavelength range of 280 nm (nano) to 400 nm, that is, ultraviolet light having a significant influence on material deterioration as photoaging. The source of illumination.

In the present embodiment, the pulsed laser source 130 is a short pulse laser having a pulse width of less than 1 μs and a pulse repetition rate greater than or equal to 10 Hz to convert the average energy of the laser into a periodic and instantaneous high energy. The illuminance experienced by the object 200 has a periodic and instantaneous high-intensity aging effect, but a low cumulative energy aging effect.

For example, when the object 200 is a solar cell module, a pulsed laser source 130 having an energy of 100 Mj (million joules), a pulse width of 5 ns (nanoseconds), and a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz (hertz) is taken as an example. The second beam B2 projected onto the object 200 by the beam expander assembly 140 can have an average power density adjusted to 10 kw/m ² (kilowatts per square meter) to 0.1 kw/m ² depending on the different beam expanding area, but The characteristics of the pulsed laser source 130 are such that the instantaneous illumination (converted in 5 ns) of the object 200 is 20 Mkw/m ² to 0.2 Mkw/m ² , and the solar cell can be used according to the moderate average power density. The module performs accelerated photoaging without causing the module to melt or recrystallize (temper). Similarly, when the object 200 is a polymer material, the second power beam B2 has an average power density of ⁵ kw/m ² to 0.1 kw/m ² , which can accelerate the photoaging of the object 200 without causing a polymer material. damage.

In addition to providing an aging characteristic of instantaneous high power density, the laser is different from the existing continuous illumination source by the pulse characteristics of the laser, so that the energy irradiated on the object 200 does not accumulate, that is, the temperature of the object 200. It does not gradually increase due to continuous irradiation, so it can effectively reduce the photoaging test of the object 200 due to thermal effects. In other words, the material aging test apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is sufficient to achieve the effect of controlling the temperature of the object 200 by the temperature control module 160 disposed in the platform 150. In this embodiment, the temperature control module 160 can maintain the temperature of the object 200 on the platform 150 at 10 ° C to 60 ° C, in addition to avoiding heat accumulation and affecting its photoaging, it can also effectively prevent material from recrystallization (or The phenomenon of annealing) is even damaged by burning.

2 is a schematic view showing a moving path of a second light beam of FIG. 1 to form a spot on an object. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 simultaneously, in the embodiment, the movement of the animal member 200 by the platform 120 allows the user to control the moving path of the second light beam B2 on the object 200, and further adjusts according to the test conditions. The path of movement, power and wavelength range of the second beam B2.

For example, the surface of the object 200 is divided into four blocks A1 to A4, and The second light beam B2 travels through the surfaces of the object 200 in different paths in the blocks A1 to A4, respectively, while allowing the power, wavelength or even the illumination area of the second light beam B2 to change with the path. As a result, in the block A1, the spot SP1 formed on the object 200 by the second light beam B2 is scanned by the path L1. Similarly, the patches SP2 to SP4 can be scanned in the similar manner with the paths L2 to L4 in the blocks A2 to A4, respectively, wherein the paths L1 to L4 can have different degrees of density, respectively. In this way, the user can illuminate the spot formed by the various conditions on the same object 200, thereby obtaining the tolerance parameter of the object 200 for photoaging in a more efficient manner. In addition, by the pulsed laser source 130 of the tunable wavelength, the result of selective aging of the object 200 can also be generated for a portion of the specific wavelength, and the user can thereby find the relative relationship between the material characteristics of the object 200 and the specific absorption wavelength. .

In addition, in order to achieve the above effect smoothly, the first light beam B1 projected from the pulsed laser light source 130 may be first converted by the beam expanding component 140, and then projected onto the object 200 by the second light beam B2 to form a desired condition. Spot. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the beam expanding assembly of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the beam expander assembly 140 is composed of a plurality of optical elements (or lens groups) 141, 142 to enlarge and shape the spot area of the first light beam B1, even if the embodiment is The spot area of the second light beam B2 is larger than the spot area of the first light beam B1. As shown in FIG. 2, the spots SP1 to SP4 having an area larger than 1 cm ² are formed on the object 200 of 20 cm ² (cm 2 ), and the object 200 is scanned with different paths as shown in FIG. 2 to accelerate the object 200. The effect of photoaging. In addition, the energy per unit area of the second light beam B2 after the expansion is also smaller than the energy per unit area of the first light beam B1, which simultaneously reduces the energy received by the object 200 and avoids excessive temperature.

The composition of the beam expander assembly is not limited herein, and any pulsed laser source 130 can be used. The emitted first light beam B1 is expanded and shaped, and is applicable to the present embodiment. 4 is a schematic diagram of a beam expander assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the beam expander assembly 140A is a Galilean beam expander, and the structure is different from that shown in FIG. The Keplerian beam expander, but achieves a similar expansion effect. In addition, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a beam expander assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and the beam expander assembly 140B can simultaneously perform beam expansion shaping effects on the dual beams. Accordingly, the user can further set the desired spot profile and size by the beam expander assembly for the size and shape of the object.

The effect of the pulsed laser light source as the aging test light source is as shown in FIG. 6 , wherein the curves C1, C2 and C3 respectively represent the yellowing index of the three different materials when the same xenon lamp is used under the same conditions. The curve of time change, for the objects represented by curves C1 and C2, needs up to 5,600 hours to make the yellowing index approach 10, and the object represented by curve C3 may even exceed 5,600 hours. The yellowing index approaches 10. However, under the same conditions, when a pulsed laser source is used as the material represented by the aging test light source illumination curve C1, it takes only 400 hours to achieve the desired yellowing index equal to 10, as shown by curve C4 in FIG. It is shown that the use of a pulsed laser source as an aging test source has its implementability and can achieve its efficacy. The time course of aging is indeed significantly accelerated compared to the conventional aging method.

Here, the curves C1, C2, and C3 shown in FIG. 6 are the results of the reference, and are materials of the same material but different formulations. As for the result of aging with a pulsed laser source (i.e., the present disclosure), curve C4 is also a material of the same material but different formulations. The above reference is the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) held on December 4-5, 2008 in Shanghai, China. Reliability Workshop", an open document by John Pern, Ph.D.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to illustrate the role of the spectrum analyzer 170 of the present disclosure. When the second light beam B2 is projected on the object 200, the object 200 can be excited to emit fluorescence, and the spectrum analyzer 170 measures the fluorescence of the material molecules due to the transition of the material molecules of the object 200 after the energy of the laser light source. Due to the different mechanisms of the transition, there are different excitation wavelengths, and the aging degree of the object 200 is related to the attenuation of the excitation fluorescence. Referring to FIG. 7, the object is measured by the spectrum at intervals while aging, including 0. The spectral response of hours, 16 hours, 21 hours, 26 hours, and 31 hours shows that the spectral response of the object decreases over time. By integrating the spectrum response diagram of Fig. 7, the effect of the spectral response decreasing with time can be seen, as shown in Fig. 8, where 20 mJ is the energy of the projection object. Accordingly, the present disclosure uses the spectrum analyzer 170 to cooperate with the filter 171. During the period in which the second beam B2 is projected onto the object 200, the spectrum analyzer 170 measures the spectrum of the object 200 due to the projection of the second beam B2. response.

The spectrum analyzer 170 can be started together with the material aging test device 100, or can be activated when the pulsed laser source 130 emits the first beam B1, without limitation, but at least the second beam B2 starts to be projected on the object 200 until the object The spectral response of the object 200 is measured, for example, if the object is a solar cell module, the time between the spectral response of the 200 excitation fluorescence reaching the highest point and decreasing with time (as shown in Figure 7) to the lowest point (no spectral response). In the case of a group, the fluorescence range is usually about 400 to 800 nm. The type of the filter 171 can be replaced depending on the object to be tested 200. For example, the spectrum analyzer 170 can measure the visible light of 350 to 1000 nm, and the filter 171 can use a visible light filter (such as 380 to 720 nm) to filter out the high-energy short-wavelength excitation source below 380 nm, and only measure 380. ~720nm fluorescence absorption. If white light When the light source is used in place of the pulsed laser source 130, it is not necessary to use a filter, and only the visible portion of the reflection can be measured.

Referring to FIG. 1 , with the material aging test apparatus proposed by the present disclosure, a material aging test method can be provided, which includes the steps of: projecting a first light beam B1 from a pulsed laser source 130 to a beam expander assembly 140. The first beam B1 is converted into a second beam B2 via the beam expanding assembly 140 and projected onto an object 200 for a period of time; and a period of time during which the second beam B2 is projected onto the object 200 by a spectrum analyzer 170. The spectral response of the object 200 due to the projection of the second beam B2 is measured.

In the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the material aging test apparatus uses a short pulse laser as a light source and adjusts the beam area thereof through the beam expander assembly to reduce the average illuminance per unit area, thereby enabling a lower cumulative energy but the strongest instantaneous energy. The light source illuminates the object, which can effectively improve the problems caused by the lamp-type or light box-type photo-aging device. Furthermore, since the pulsed laser source can provide photo-aged illumination of the local block of the object, the pulsed laser source is used to illuminate the object with different powers, different paths and different wavelengths, and the different objects are completed on the same object. Conditioned photoaging exposure. This allows the material aging test equipment to find the photo-aging parameters of the object in a more efficient manner. In addition, the material aging test provided by the present disclosure uses a pulsed laser as a light source to accurately measure the spectral response of the object (ie, the attenuation of the fluorescent light excited by the object) during the aging of the object, as the material aging. Basis for evaluation.

In summary, the present disclosure uses a single light source (pulse laser) to simultaneously perform aging and spectrum detection without having to replace the light source, and since the object is placed in a multi-axis shift The moving platform can be used to carry and drive the movement of objects, so there is no need to move objects.

However, the above description is only for the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the scope of the disclosure should not be limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the application and the contents of the specification should be It is still within the scope of this disclosure.

100‧‧‧Material aging test equipment

110‧‧‧Base

120‧‧‧ platform

130‧‧‧pulse laser source

140‧‧‧Expanded components

150‧‧‧ platform

160‧‧‧temperature control module

170‧‧‧ spectrum analyzer

171‧‧‧Filter

200‧‧‧ objects

B1‧‧‧First beam

B2‧‧‧second beam

Claims (18)

A material aging test apparatus includes: a pulsed laser source for providing a first beam; a beam expanding component for converting the first beam into a second beam and projecting to an object; a platform for Carrying the object; and a spectrum analyzer for measuring a spectral response of the object due to the projection of the second beam. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein a filter is disposed between the spectrum analyzer and the object. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the platform is a mobile platform, and the object moves with the mobile platform, and the second light beam is projected to the object in at least one path. The material aging test apparatus of claim 3, wherein the object is divided into a plurality of aging zones, and the second light beam is projected to the aging zones by a plurality of paths, and the different aging zones comprise different dense paths. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power of the first beam is adjustable. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the first light beam is adjustable. The material aging test apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first beam wavelength is adjustable from 280 nm to 400 nm. Material as defined in claim 1 range item aging test apparatus, wherein the article is a solar cell, and the second average power density of the beam is 10kw / m ² to 0.1kw / m ^2. The material aging test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the object is a polymer material, and the second light beam has an average power density of ⁵ kw/m ² to 0.1 kw/m ² . The material aging test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulsed laser light source has a pulse width of less than 1 μs and a pulse repetition rate of greater than or equal to 10 Hz. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second light beam is projected onto the object by an area greater than 1 cm ² . The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a temperature control module connected to the platform to adjust the temperature at which the platform is used to carry the object. The material aging test apparatus of claim 12, wherein the platform temperature is adjustable from 10 ° C to 60 ° C. The material aging test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the object is caused to emit fluorescence when the second light beam is projected onto the object. A material aging test method includes: providing a first beam of light from a pulsed laser source to a beam expander assembly; the first beam is converted into a second beam by the beam expander assembly, projected onto an object, and continues to project a segment And a time period during which the second beam is projected onto the object, the spectrum response of the object due to the projection of the second beam is measured by a spectrum analyzer. The material aging test method according to claim 15, wherein the spectrum analyzer measures the spectral response time of the object, at least the second light beam starts to be projected on the object until the object emits fluorescence. The highest spectral response The time between the point and the time to fall to the lowest point. The material aging test method according to claim 16, wherein the spectral response of the object-excited fluorescence decreases to the lowest point when the object has no spectral response. The material aging test method according to claim 15, wherein the second beam is projected onto the object to cause the object to emit fluorescence, and the spectrum analyzer measures the spectrum of the fluorescence generated by the object. response.