TWI454017B - Line-interactive power control system - Google Patents

Description

Online interactive power control system

The invention relates to an online interactive (Line-Interactive) power supply control system, in particular to an external connection of a plurality of different input power sources for conversion, and the power supply of the external components of the charge and discharge controller and the charge and discharge control of the storage battery to improve Battery use efficiency and life and an online interactive power control system that controls and protects the battery and increases the use time of the backup power system to maintain the operating mechanism of the electronic device.

Since many electronic devices use DC power to power the electronic components, most of the traditional power backup systems use AC power to convert to DC power, then DC power to AC power, and finally through the device. The transformer converts the AC power to a DC power source to provide operational power to the electronic device. At the same time, most of the traditional power backup systems are mainly for indoor use, and the power backup system for outdoor electronic devices is indispensable.

Due to the conversion of multiple AC and DC power sources, the backup power resources of the battery are depleted after repeated AC and DC conversion, which wastes the high-cost power resources of the backup power. For example, suppose that the power efficiency of the first AC power conversion DC power supply is about 85~90%, and the power efficiency of the second DC power conversion to AC power is about 80~90%, and finally the third AC power conversion DC power supply. The power efficiency is about 85~90%, so the power supply actually obtained by the back-end electronic equipment is about 57.8% of the initial power supply (85%*85%*85%=57.8%).

Furthermore, the traditional power backup system is based on a centralized power supply architecture. The power that can be supplied is limited by the capacity and space constraints of the battery. The electronic equipment coupled to the operation is over-concentrated, but a large amount of power is required to start the operation at the same time, so that it needs to be designed with a large current discharge mode, which obviously affects the power supply efficiency and causes the power supply time to be shortened rapidly, and the main power interruption occurs. After that, it is often only possible to provide backup power for minutes or hours to allow the electronic device to function properly. When earthquakes, typhoons, floods, floods, lightning strikes and other natural factors cause power outages, power plant failures, or other power-related power outages, the power outage time will often exceed 3 hours. At this time, the traditional power backup system is effective. At the time, the traditional power backup system was unable to provide the power to operate the electronic equipment without interruption due to the short supply time.

As far as the actual outdoor system is concerned, public service systems such as road intersection monitoring systems, road traffic lights systems, highway detection systems, emergency broadcast systems, etc., when the mains supply is interrupted, these decentralized electronic devices need emergency preparation. Aid the supply of electricity to harness the benefits of its operations and the function of continuing public services.

As far as the actual indoor system application is concerned, the general business or the silver building or department store, or even the home and company line number, the related business equipment and surveillance video equipment are also stopped at the time of power failure, but in an emergency, there is no Effective supporting measures system or technology.

In addition, traditional power backup systems, if not designed for large-scale systems or special-purpose applications, are mostly unable to provide a more efficient power management mechanism, and cannot effectively control the charging or discharging or load operation for the battery and equipment. Management, causing the life of the battery to be recycled, thereby reducing, or causing permanent damage due to the battery being under too low voltage for a long time, indirectly increasing the user's cost of use.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a line-interactive power control system for a DC power source to a DC power source, which can directly use a DC power source as a power source.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system that can be distributed and remotely managed remotely, and uses a plurality of power sources and a distributed system for current discharge of a distributed system.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system that can convert an AC power source into a DC power source once, and the backup power supply control system only needs to perform one power conversion, and can directly provide DC power to the electronic device. Power and reduce unnecessary electrical energy losses for multiple AC or DC conversions.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of charging a backup power source through a DC power source provided by a green energy source and continuously providing long-term power to the DC electronic device.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of performing power detection, voltage judgment, and switching control on a plurality of different types of input power sources through a microcontroller to achieve multiple input of backup power. The utility of charging, stable charging and discharging, and extending the use time of electronic equipment and increasing the storage capacity of the backup power system, thereby stably providing power and effectively applying input power.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system for judging battery voltage and external component load current through a microcontroller to charge different voltages of the battery, not to charge the battery, and to charge the battery. High and low judgment to determine the charging priority, charge cutoff voltage protection, over low voltage stop charging protection and discharge cutoff voltage protection, minimum termination discharge voltage protection and other operating modes to improve battery efficiency and Protection of battery operation.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system with voltage judgment, discharge cutoff voltage protection and minimum termination discharge voltage protection to increase battery life and battery operation protection.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system that integrates a discharge mechanism through independent power conversion, independent charging, and parallel connection, and can match at least one battery according to usage requirements, thereby exerting system planning benefits to save energy. cost.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of judging different types of batteries according to different battery discharge and charging characteristics, and then performing charge and discharge mode control switching to achieve the most suitable battery for different charging modes. Good charging method and benefits.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system that can be connected to a mains power of a street lamp, or other general power source, or a DC power source of green energy, as an input power source.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of simultaneously receiving a plurality of DC power inputs in different port ports, as a backup input power source for charging a battery or an external component end. For example, Ethernet power is available.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of receiving a plurality of DC power inputs in different ports, as a mutual backup input power between different system devices, to charge or externally charge the battery. Component power, such as Ethernet power.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system that can be applied to at least one external component, through a microcontroller, charging and discharging. The controller and the battery are coupled to discharge to achieve the supply voltage of the external component, and have the functions of voltage regulation and anti-surge.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of providing an uninterrupted operation of an electronic device and a long-term backup power system according to the power supply mode of the street lamp mains, and through the high and low temperature resistance of the battery in the future. High-capacity, high-cycle battery life characteristics, coupled with the application of green energy DC power to DC power, and through the distributed long-term backup power system installed in the street lamp, to solve the problem of difficulty in obtaining power from outdoor electronic equipment.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an online interactive power control system capable of providing a safe long-term backup power system, which can be supplied through explosion-proof high-low temperature battery technology combined with the erection characteristics of a green power convenient DC power system. A safe and long-lasting backup power system for electronic equipment.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an online interactive power control system suitable for at least one external component, comprising at least one power converter, a plurality of charge and discharge controllers, at least one external component control unit, and at least one power source switching control a unit, a microcontroller, and at least one charging mode switching control unit. a power converter converts at least one input power to output at least one conversion voltage; the charge and discharge controller is coupled to the power converter, and charges and discharges a first battery and a second battery according to the converted voltage; The component control unit is coupled to the power converter and supplies and controls the external component according to the converted voltage or the power provided by the first or/and the second battery; the power source switching control unit is coupled to the power converter, To switch the source of the input power of the power converter, and select the external component control unit, the external component, the charge and discharge controller, and the battery to supply power; the microcontroller detects the state in the online interactive power control system, and controls Input power source, power source category and a priority order for input power switching and voltage Converting; the microcontroller controls the plurality of charge and discharge controllers to adjust a power supply mechanism of the first and second control units of the external component; the charging mode switching control unit is coupled to the power converter and the charge and discharge control According to the result of the detection of the discharge detection, the charging detection, and other power characteristics of the battery by the microcontroller, a charging and discharging mode is selected; wherein the power supply mechanism is based on the microcontroller detecting the power converter and Switching the state of the control unit, controlling the external component, the first battery and the second battery to charge and discharge and start/disconnect power.

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a line-interactive power control system 100 of the present invention. The online interactive power control system 100 includes power converters 11, 12, 13, external components 21, 22, external component control units 31, 32, charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c, remote control port 51, temperature detection. The unit 61, the power source switching control unit 71, the charging mode switching control unit 72, the battery charging and discharging protection circuit 88, the switching power supply switching circuit 89, and a microcontroller 99, and the charging and discharging controller of the online interactive power control system 100 41c, 42c, and 43c are coupled to the microcontroller 99, the power converters 11, 12, 13, the external component control units 31, 32, and the batteries B1, B2, and B3, respectively.

Through the online interactive power control system 100, the user can take the AC power supply IV1, or / and the DC power supply IV2, or / and the Ethernet to the DC power supply (Power over Ethernet, POE) according to the power available in the local environment. ) IV3 as a source of at least one input power.

The online interactive power control system 100 is designed by using independent charging and discharging controllers 41c to 43c, and is capable of detecting, judging, and selectively charging and discharging mechanisms through the microcontroller 99, and can convert power according to at least one input power source. In addition, the external components 21 and 22 and the batteries B1 to B3 perform various modes of charge and discharge management and control, and charge and discharge protection of the batteries B1 to B3 can not only increase the life and charge and discharge efficiency of the batteries B1 to B3, but also The online interactive power control system 100 is capable of crisis management and disaster prevention.

For the storage batteries B1~B3 of the backup power, the user can use the voltage and discharge characteristics of different types of batteries and different types of batteries according to the power characteristics of the electronic equipment. In other words, the batteries B1~B3 do not need the same specification, and then By manually adjusting the microcontroller 99 or by the microcontroller 99 to adjust the characteristics of the battery B1 ~ B3 to adjust the charging mode and charging circuit switching direction, so that the battery B1 ~ B3 get the best charging mode and optimal charging protection The way to achieve high charging and discharging efficiency of different charging voltages and currents.

In this embodiment, the power converters 11, 12, and 13 are respectively coupled to at least one input power source, and are converted according to the input power source to output at least one converted voltage. The power converter 11 is coupled to an AC power source IV1, and is converted to a DC voltage OV1 through the power converter 11; the power converter 12 is coupled to the DC power source IV2, and the DC voltage OV2 is converted by the power converter 12; The device 13 is coupled to an Ethernet network for DC power supply IV3, and is converted to a DC voltage OV3 through the power converter 13.

Since the input power mode and the voltage of the power converters 11, 12 and 13 are different, the voltage and current of the generated DC power source are different, so the online interactive power control system 100 can pass through the microcontroller 99. At least one of voltage characteristics, current characteristics, waveforms, frequencies, and other power characteristics is detected and judged. The power source switching control unit 71 is coupled to the power converters 11, 12, 13 and the microcontroller 99, respectively, so that the microcontroller 99 is transmitted through the controller 99. The control power source switching control unit 71 performs power switching to enable the online interactive power control system to switch the converted DC voltages OV1, OV2, and OV3.

In addition, the power sources of the power converters 11 to 13 may be the same power source, but the invention should not be limited thereto, and multiple power sources may be simultaneously input. For example, the voltage of the AC power supply IV1 converted to the DC power supply OV1 is 18V. At this time, the converted DC voltage OV1 has stable characteristics. For example, the voltage of the DC voltage OV1 is 17.8V~18.2V; After the DC power supply IV2 of the solar battery is converted into the DC voltage OV2, the voltage is 18V. However, in actual operation, the solar cell may change with the sunshine intensity at any time, so the voltage is unstable but still within the rated voltage range. However, it has frequent high and low voltage fluctuation characteristics. For example, the voltage of the DC voltage OV2 is 15.5V~18.5V. The voltage input after the DC power supply is converted to DC voltage OV3 through the Ethernet power supply is 18V, because it is a backup power. Source, but the actual voltage range is about 17V ~ 17.8V, but it is much more stable than the DC voltage of the solar cell, so the microprocessor 99 can detect the power source through the above characteristics detection.

Please note that for the different input voltages, in this embodiment, the AC power supply IV1, the DC power supply IV2, and the Ethernet power supply DC3 are provided, and the power converters 11~13 may have at least one boost, or And at least one step-down conversion voltage circuit (not shown) to provide boost or buck requirements.

In this embodiment, the Ethernet power supply for the DC power supply IV3 can be powered by an Ethernet power supply, or can be directly powered by the DC voltage OV3 in the opposite direction to other Ethernet power supplies or Ethernet. External power supply unit, for example, when AC power supply IV1 and DC power supply IV2 cannot supply power, The Ethernet power supply for the DC power supply IV3 supplies the DC voltage OV3 to the online interactive power control system 100; when the AC power supply IV1 and the Ethernet power supply for the DC power supply IV3 cannot be powered, the DC voltage converted by the DC power supply IV2 can be transmitted. OV2, through the microcontroller 99, the power source switching control unit 71 converts the DC voltage OV2 into a DC voltage OV3 and supplies it to the power converter 13, and then the DC converter OV3 transmits the DC voltage OV3 through the Ethernet for the DC power supply IV3. Path, power to other Ethernet power ports or Ethernet power supply external units.

Power transmission through the Ethernet network can be divided into two types of ports, one of which is the power supply port, and the other is the power receiving port. In this embodiment, the Ethernet network supplies the DC power supply IV3, which is equivalent to an Ethernet network. The power receiving end of the road can be connected to the power supply through an external power supply terminal of the Ethernet; in this embodiment, another Ethernet power port acts as a power supply port, and the switching control unit 71 and the power conversion are performed according to the power source. The converter 13 converts the power output to the power supply terminal of the Ethernet.

The external interactive power control system 100 external components 21, 22 are respectively coupled to the external component control units 31, 32 and controlled by the external component control units 31, 32, including voltage, current, and load. The protection, the on/off switch, and the like, the external component control units 31 and 32 determine the power on/off of the external components 21 and 22 in accordance with the detection result of the microcontroller 99.

Please note that the external component control units 31 or 32 are independent of each other, and can avoid normal operation of other external components when any external component 21 or 22 fails or a short circuit condition occurs.

The external component control units 31 and 32 are respectively coupled to the power converters 11, 12, and 13, and convert the converted DC voltage OV1, or OV2, or OV3, or The power supplied from the batteries B1, or / and B2, or / and B3 supplies power to the external components 21, 22, so that the external component control units 31, 32 can control the external components 21, 22.

In other words, when the external input power is in the unpowered state, the external component control unit 31, 32 can receive the DC power supplied by the converted DC voltage OV1 or OV2 or OV3, and according to the built-in software program of the microcontroller 99. The setting or user operation controls the power supply of the external components 21, 22. Correspondingly, if the input AC power supply IV1, DC power supply IV2, and Ethernet power supply IV3 are in the interrupted power supply state, the battery B1, or / and B2, or / and B3 are automatically powered separately or The power is supplied in parallel sharing mode to ensure that the external component control units 31, 32 can provide sufficient power to the external components 21, 22 and control them.

In addition, when the input AC power source IV1 is in an interrupted power supply state (for example, the street lamp mains is in a power outage state), the DC power source IV2 or the Ethernet network supplies power to the DC power source IV3. If the current supplied by the input DC power source cannot simultaneously charge the external components 21, 22 and the charging requirements of the batteries B1, B2, B3, the microcontroller 99 will start the maintenance operation protection program and interrupt the charging of the batteries B1, B2, B3, In one case, the power can be reserved for the external component control unit 31 and provide power to the external components 21 and 22. When the street lamp mains or the mains AC power is restored, the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are continuously charged.

When the input AC power supply IV1 is in the interrupted power supply state, the input power is from the DC power supply IV2 or the Ethernet power supply IV3 as the main input power. In other words, the DC power supply IV2 or the Ethernet power supply IV3 is prepared. Auxiliary input DC power supply. When the input DC power supply IV2 supply current can not cope with the charging of the external components 21, 22 and the batteries B1, B2, B3 Therefore, the microcontroller 99 will start the maintenance operation protection program, and switch the input power from the DC power supply IV2 to the Ethernet for the DC power supply IV3 mode, if it is still unable to cope with the external components 21, 22 and the batteries B1, B2, B3 at the same time. For the charging demand, the microcontroller 99 will start the maintenance operation protection program again, interrupt the charging of the batteries B1, B2, B3, and supply only the power to the external component control unit 31 and the external components 21, 22, and wait for the street lamp to be powered or restored. When the mains AC power is supplied, the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are recharged.

For example, through the street lamp and the solar system, and the mutual backup power system formed by the Ethernet power supply, when the continuous rainy weather time exceeds the power supply capacity time designed by the solar power supply system, if there is no switch to the Ethernet network The power supply system for mutual backup, in the case of continuous daytime rain and rain, the electronic equipment installed on the streetlights will not be able to operate due to no power supply or low voltage; if you switch to the Ethernet backup power supply system, you can solve this kind of special Power problems in weather and special emergency situations.

In the present embodiment, the batteries B1, B2, and B3 of the online interactive power control system 100 are respectively controlled by the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c, and the charging voltages and charging currents for the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are respectively controlled. Relevant protection mechanisms such as discharge voltage, discharge current, charge cut-off voltage, discharge cut-off voltage protection and minimum termination discharge voltage protection, according to the operation instructions of the built-in software program of the microcontroller 99, take the necessary response procedures. Correspondingly, the independent charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c are based on the software program built in the microcontroller 99 to perform different voltage charging, charging elimination, and high and low voltage charging on the batteries B1, B2, and B3. Priority mode, over-voltage stop charging protection and minimum termination discharge voltage protection mode to improve battery efficiency and battery protection.

The charge and discharge controllers 41c to 43c adopt independent charge and discharge control system modes and are respectively coupled to the batteries B1 to B3. Since the charge and discharge controllers 41c to 43c have independent discharge characteristics and independent discharge or parallel mode common discharge characteristics, The battery B1~B3 may have faults or short circuits due to different specifications or characteristics, causing the charge and discharge controllers 41c to 43c to malfunction, so that the protection of the batteries B1 to B3 and the increase of the charge and discharge efficiency can be achieved.

Please note that due to the discharge cut-off voltage protection and the operation of the minimum termination discharge voltage protection, the operation timing is that the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are discharged in parallel direction and satisfy the discharge cutoff voltage value set by the microcontroller 99. At this time, the microcontroller 99 will automatically control the external component control units 31 and 32 to interrupt the power supply to the external components 21 and 22, but the batteries B1, B2, and B3 continue to supply power to the microcontroller 99. When the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are continuously supplied to the microcontroller 99 in parallel, the battery voltages of all the batteries B1, B2, and B3 connected in parallel are lowered to the minimum termination discharge voltage value set by the microcontroller 99, and the micro control is performed. The device 99 will automatically shut down all operations of the online interactive power control system 100 to protect the battery B1, B2, and B3 from permanent damage due to low voltage but still sustaining discharge.

The microcontroller 99 is coupled to the power converters 11 to 13 and the charge and discharge controllers 41c to 43c and the external component control units 31 and 32, respectively. The microcontroller 99 can detect the state of the online interactive power control system 100 to control the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c, adjust the converted DC voltages OV1, OV2, and OV3 or detect/control the battery B1. B2 and B3 supply power to one of the external component control units 31 and 32.

Please note that the batteries B1, B2, and B3 of the present invention may be lead-acid batteries, lithium-based batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, etc., but the present invention should not This is limited to the realization of various batteries developed in the future.

Therefore, the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c can detect the characteristics of the discharge of the batteries B1, B2, and B3 at room temperature, or/the characteristics of discharge at high and low temperatures, or/and room temperature, via the microcontroller 99. Charging characteristics, or / charging characteristics at high and low temperatures, or / and characteristics of other different specifications of the battery to determine the types of batteries B1, B2 and B3, and adjusting the charge and discharge controller through the charging mode switching control unit 72 41c, 42c, and 43c charge the batteries B1, B2, and B3 (for example, charging in a pulsed manner or in a linear manner), charging voltage, charging current, charging method, charging speed, charging time, and the like.

It should be noted that different types of batteries need different charging modes, and the present invention can perform corresponding charging control for different batteries. In one embodiment, it is assumed that the battery B1 can be a 12V lead-acid battery, and the battery B2 can be a 12V lithium battery. Please refer to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B at the same time. FIG. 2A shows that the lead-acid battery is discharged at room temperature. Operation mode, Figure 2B shows the operation mode of lithium battery discharge at room temperature, where the abscissa shows the load operation time (T) and the ordinate shows the load voltage (V).

When the lead-acid battery is discharged, the voltage value of the load voltage drops very evenly. Therefore, before the end of the lead-acid battery discharge (when the storage capacity is about 5-10% of the charge), the voltage value decreases and the load usage time , showing the same degree of decline in the same proportion (as indicated by the virtual box 201); while in the lithium battery, the voltage value of the load voltage drops very slowly at the initial stage of discharge (as indicated by the dashed box 202), but is discharged at the load. At the end of the period (when the amount of electricity stored is about 5-10%), the voltage value drops very fast (as indicated by the dashed box 203), so the difference between the end of discharge and the initial voltage drop of the lithium battery is quite large. Voltage drop rate The degree can reach about 10 times or more.

In addition, the online interactive power control system 100 includes a temperature detecting unit 61. In this embodiment, the temperature detecting unit 61 is respectively disposed on the storage space of the batteries B1 to B3, and the space above the motherboard of the online interactive power control system 100. Or other components that generate heat for temperature detection. When the temperature data obtained by the temperature detecting unit 61 is transmitted to the microcontroller 99, the software program built in the microcontroller 99 determines the current program. If the temperature is too high, the microcontroller 99 determines the interrupts 41c, 42c, 43c. a charge/discharge controller, or an external component control unit 31, 32, or a discharge control of the external components 21, 22, etc.; when the temperature is lowered to a safe operating temperature defined by the online interactive power control system 100, the recovery is resumed. The online interactive power control system 100 should have the function of the device. In this way, the online interactive power control system 100 can effectively protect the normal operation of the power control system through the temperature detection management control of the microcontroller 99, and further protect the battery in a special environment and the power supply operation of the external components.

Therefore, the microcontroller 99 can measure the temperature information according to the characteristics of the battery B1 to B3 discharging at room temperature, or / and the characteristics of discharging at high and low temperatures, or / and charging at room temperature, Or / and the characteristics of charging at high and low temperatures, for example, after performing short-time charge and discharge detection on the batteries B1 and B2, determining the charging modes of the batteries B1 and B2 of the charge and discharge controllers 41c and 42c (for example, pulse mode) Charge or linearly charge).

In the unpowered state, the power converter 11, or / and 12, or / and 13 convert the input power source AC power IV1, or / and DC power supply IV2, or / and Ethernet to DC power supply IV3 into DC Voltage OV1, or OV2, or OV3 for external connection The component control units 31 and 32 perform power supply, and the batteries B1, B2, and B3 perform battery charging via the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c.

Please refer back to FIG. 1 , charge and discharge controllers 41 c , 42 c , and 43 c , and perform charging operations on the batteries B1 , B 2 , and B 3 in accordance with the built-in software program of the microcontroller 99 to perform different battery operations. Voltage charging, battery charging elimination, battery storage capacity determines the charging priority, battery charging cut-off voltage protection, battery stop voltage protection due to low voltage, for example, battery charging is excluded as battery B1 load voltage is 12.9V Exceeding the preset cut-off charging load voltage value, the battery B1 is in a full state, and the battery B1 is excluded from charging; if the load voltage of the battery B3 is 6.8V, which is lower than the preset faulty battery load voltage value, the battery B3 is faulty. State, battery B3 is excluded for charging.

Further, in one embodiment, the battery having a low amount of stored electricity is first charged, and the batteries B1 and B2 are first compared with the amount of stored electricity. If the battery B2 is in a low voltage state with respect to the battery B1, the battery B2 is preferentially charged. For example, when the power failure state is terminated (the mains supply is restored), the load voltage of the battery B3 is 10.6V, and the voltage of the battery B1, B2, and B3 is the lowest. To avoid permanent damage of the battery B3 due to the low voltage, micro The controller 99 controls the charge and discharge controller 43c to preferentially charge the battery B3. After the load voltage of the battery B3 returns to the charge cut-off voltage, the load voltage comparison of the batteries B1, B2, and B3 is performed for the second time to determine. New charging sequence.

In this way, the above methods can improve the battery use efficiency and the protection of the operation of the battery B1~B3.

Please note here that the recovery power high and low voltage charge prioritization and different voltage charging modes of operation are specifically designed for when the input power is designed by the street light power supply, through the unique operational charging mode of the online interactive power control system 100.

In the power-off state, the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are discharged in the battery individually or in parallel by the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c, and the output DC voltages OV1 to OV3 are supplied to the external component control units 31 and 32. powered by.

The charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c perform discharge protection of the relevant modes on the batteries B1, B2, and B3 according to the software program of the microcontroller 99, including discharge cutoff voltage protection, minimum termination discharge voltage protection, and termination of external connection. The component is discharged...etc. The discharge protection of the microcontroller 99 includes a discharge cutoff voltage protection and a minimum termination discharge voltage protection. For example, when the user preset discharge cutoff voltage protects the voltage to be 11.5V, the minimum termination discharge voltage is 11V, if the battery The load voltage of B3 is 11.4V, which is lower than the cut-off protection voltage, but has not reached the minimum discharge voltage of 11V, so no power is supplied to the external component 21 or 22; if the load voltage of the battery B3 is 10.9V, it is lower than The voltage of the lowest termination discharge, so the battery B3 is set to no longer discharge, to avoid permanent damage of the battery B3 due to low voltage.

Please note that in the power-off state, the batteries B1~B3 adopt the parallel common discharge operation mode, which is specially designed for the equipment power supply by the street lamp power supply. The unique operation discharge mode of the online interactive power control system 100 can be extended. When the electronic equipment interrupts the power supply during the day, the electronic equipment extends the power supply time of the backup power.

In general, the power converters 11, 12, and 13 and the power source switching control unit 71 respectively adjust the conversion voltage and the selection input power according to the signal of the microcontroller 99 to provide stability and compliance with the external component control units 31, 32 and Charge and discharge controller The voltages and currents of 41c, 42c, and 43c enable the external components 21 and 22 and the batteries B1, B2, and B3 to obtain an optimum load voltage, a charging voltage, and a charging current. However, the voltage supplied to the charge and discharge controller 41c, or / and 42c, or / and 43c is too low or unstable due to special conditions such as circuit loss, unstable supply voltage, or sudden high current load. When the charging voltage is lower than the battery B1, or / and, B2, or / and B3, or the charging voltage is unstable, the online interactive power control system 100 turns off the charging and discharging controller 41c, or / and, 42c, or / and 43c. In other words, in this case, the microcontroller 99 can control the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c not to be charged to avoid the battery being overheated and damaged due to excessive burst current or voltage instability or low voltage. Therefore, the present invention has the ability to manage crisis and disaster prevention.

When the power converters 11~13 are unable to provide the conversion voltage, the batteries B1, or / and B2 or / and B3 are automatically powered to the microcontroller 99 through the charge and discharge controllers 41c to 43c, and the microcontroller 99 is based on the detection. Judging the voltage conditions of the batteries B1, B2, and B3, first adopting the procedures of the discharge cutoff voltage protection and the minimum termination discharge voltage protection mechanism, and then determining the external or parallel connection of the external components 21 to 22 according to the number of batteries in the usable state. The control units 31, 32 supply power, so that the normal operation of the external components 21, 22 can be ensured until all the batteries are discharged to the voltage value of the cutoff voltage protection, at which time the microcontroller 99 and the external components 21, 22 will automatically lose power. Inoperable, in this way, the maximum operating time of the online interactive power control system 100 can be maintained, and the batteries B1, B2, and B3 are prevented from being charged and discharged due to high and low voltage differences when the charging power source is lost, resulting in the battery B1. , B2, B3 The risk of permanent damage or explosion of the battery due to thermal energy generated by chemical action.

Please note that the circuit design of the online interactive power control system 100 is charged by separate modules, which are discharged in parallel when the power is off, and can be controlled by separate modules in the power-off state, or can be individually or Parallel integration of discharge, power supply to external component control units 31, 32, to ensure the normal operation of external components 21, 22, because the input power supply is supplied by the general commercial power supply and street lamp power supply, the application design that can maximize the operational benefits .

The remote control port 51 of the online interactive power control system 100, in this embodiment, except for the general RS-232 or RS-485 specifications for remote control, and the RJ for DC power supply through the Ethernet. -45埠 for long-distance network connection for remote control purposes. In addition, the power system administrator or user can perform remote control through the computer. The information detected, judged, controlled, and executed by the microcontroller 99 can be obtained by the remote control unit 51, and The operation of the online interactive power control system 100 is remotely controlled by the user at the remote controller 51.

The power source switching control unit 71 of the online interactive power control system 100, in the present embodiment, the power source switching control unit 71, the power converters 11, 12, 13, the external component control units 31, 32, and the charge and discharge controller 41c~43c are coupled, and the power source switching control unit 71 converts the input power source (AC power source IV1, DC power source IV2, and Ethernet to DC power supply IV3 at least one), and then inputs the input through the microcontroller 99. At least one of voltage, input current, switching voltage, load current, waveform, frequency, and other power supply characteristics, performing at least one detection and determination to determine the DC voltage OV1, or OV2, or OV3 converted by the input power source to enter the online interaction Power control system 100.

In the charging mode switching control unit 72 of the online interactive power control system 100, in the present embodiment, the charging mode switching control unit 72 transmits the charging voltage, the charging current, and the load voltage of the batteries B1, B2, and B3 through the microcontroller 99. At least one of the load current, the discharge voltage, the discharge current, the waveform, the frequency, and other battery characteristics, performing at least one detection determination to determine that the battery B1, B2, and B3 are subjected to different charging modes set by the microcontroller 99, including Pulse mode charging, linear charging, different voltage charging, different current charging and different charge and discharge cutoff voltage values, etc., because the online interactive power control system 100 uses 41c, 42c, 43c independent charge and discharge controller design, Therefore, the charging mode switching control unit 72 can simultaneously perform charging and discharging mode switching on at least one or more types of different types of batteries B1, B2, and B3.

In the present embodiment, the battery charge and discharge protection circuit 88 of the online interactive power control system 100 is coupled to the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c and the microcontroller 99, the power source switching control unit 71, and the charging mode switching. Control unit 72. The battery charge and discharge protection circuit 88 is used to protect the discharge current from being too large, causing the batteries B1 to B3 to be damaged due to excessive current. Further, the battery discharge protection circuit 88 has directional charging to the independent charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c. Independent charging and parallel integration of current discharge avoids failure or short circuit of the charging/discharging controllers 41c, 42c, 43c and the batteries B1, B2, B3, causing the online interactive power control system 100 to fail to operate normally.

In the present embodiment, the switching power supply switching circuit 89 of the online interactive power control system 100 is coupled to the power source switching control unit 71, the power converters 11, 12, 13 and the charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c, respectively. Microcontroller 99. The switching power switching circuit 89 is used to switch the converted DC The power supply direction of the voltage OV1 or OV2 or OV3, for example, when the input power source (for example, the AC power source IV1) is interrupted, the power source switching control unit 71 may decide to externally connect the component control units 31, 32 by the DC voltage OV2 or OV3. The charging and discharging controllers 41c, 42c, and 43c supply power.

The microcontroller 99 of the online interactive power control system 100, in this embodiment, is responsible for all processes of detecting, judging, controlling, executing, managing, responding, etc., and through the built-in software program designed for the power converter 11, 12, 13, external component control units 31, 32, charge and discharge controllers 41c, 42c, 43c, power source switching control unit 71, charging mode switching control unit 72, etc., for detecting, executing, managing, and controlling Detailed operating instructions have been discussed above and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the online interactive power control system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention discloses a unique software and hardware operation design and a special protection circuit mode and various practical application problems, and proposes a feasible solution. Various coupled power converters, external component control units, external components, charge and discharge controllers, batteries, power conversion switching control units, charging mode switching control units, temperature detecting components, remote control ports, etc., are not limited only It can be a single number, and the designer and the user can increase or decrease the quantity according to the practical use requirements, so as to achieve the purpose of solving the problem of the present invention.

For example, the external component 21 can be a network switch, an infrared projection lamp, a card swipe system, a detection system, a wireless device, a monitor, an anti-theft device, a fire fighting device, a traffic sign, a disaster prevention device, a medical instrument device, and the like.

In other words, the online interactive power control system 100 can be coupled to any external DC electronic device according to the needs of the user, and is powered by the online interactive power control system 100 under power failure conditions. Make sure that these electronic devices are working properly.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system 300 of the present invention. The input power source can be coupled to the power source of the one of the street lamps 302. In other words, the input power source can be coupled to the AC power source of the utility pole circuit, and the user does not need to provide additional input power. The remaining principles are the same as above. The succinctness is not described here.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system 400 of the present invention, wherein the input power source can be coupled to a power supply of a street power supply control box 401, and the power supply, FIG. The difference from Figure 4 is mainly the application feasibility of the practical decentralized use of erection. The rest of the principles are the same as above, and are not described here for brevity.

Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system 500 of the present invention. The online interactive power control system 500 can be coupled to a general building power distribution panel or any power socket to obtain a comparison. The stable and non-interruptible AC power supply, the other principles are the same as above, and will not be described here for brevity.

Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system 100 of the present invention. The online interactive power control system 100 can be coupled to a green power DC power system, such as: solar power, wind power. The power source, the water power source, and the like are used as the input power source for the solar power source of the solar energy in this embodiment. Therefore, the online interactive power source control system 600 can be disposed in a sparsely populated area, but the present invention should not be limited thereto, and the remaining principles are the same as the above. For the sake of brevity, we will not go into details here.

In summary, the online interactive power control system uses a microcontroller to monitor the status of each converter, controller, control unit, switching unit, and battery. To adjust the charging or discharging method, and use a combination of multiple external DC power sources (such as: wind power, solar power, and Ethernet power supply, etc.) or AC power to avoid power supply and charging from a single power source. Increase the use time of the backup power system and implement the usability of the invention, and improve the utilization of green energy and the efficiency of battery use.

100,300~600‧‧‧Online interactive power control system

11, 12, 13‧‧‧ Power Converter

21, 22‧‧‧ external components

31, 32‧‧‧External component control unit

41c, 42c, 43c‧‧‧ charge and discharge controller

51‧‧‧Remote Control埠

61‧‧‧Temperature detection unit

71‧‧‧Power Source Switching Control Unit

72‧‧‧Charging mode switching control unit

88‧‧‧Battery charge and discharge protection circuit

89‧‧‧Switching power switching circuit

99‧‧‧Microcontroller

B1, B2, B3‧‧‧ battery

IV1‧‧‧AC power supply

IV2‧‧‧DC power supply

IV3‧‧‧Ethernet for DC power supply

OV1, OV2, OV3‧‧‧ DC voltage

201~203‧‧‧Dynamic frame

302‧‧‧City Electric Meter

401‧‧‧Street light power control box

1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an online interactive power control system of the present invention.

Fig. 2A is a mode of operation in which a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is discharged at room temperature.

Fig. 2B is a mode of operation in which a lithium-based secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is discharged at room temperature.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the online interactive power control system of the present invention.

100‧‧‧Online interactive power control system

11, 12, 13‧‧‧ Power Converter

21, 22‧‧‧ external components

31, 32‧‧‧External component control unit

41c, 42c, 43c‧‧‧ charge and discharge controller

51‧‧‧Remote Control埠

61‧‧‧Temperature detection unit

71‧‧‧Power Source Switching Control Unit

72‧‧‧Charging mode switching control unit

88‧‧‧Battery charge and discharge protection circuit

89‧‧‧Switching power switching circuit

99‧‧‧Microcontroller

B1, B2, B3‧‧‧ battery

IV1‧‧‧AC power supply

IV2‧‧‧DC power supply

IV3‧‧‧Ethernet for DC power supply

OV1, OV2, OV3‧‧‧ DC voltage

Claims (18)

An online interactive power control system suitable for at least one external component, comprising: at least one power converter converting at least one input power to output at least one conversion voltage; and a plurality of charge and discharge controllers coupled to the a power converter, and charging and discharging a first battery and a second battery according to the conversion voltage; at least one external component control unit coupled to the power converter, and according to the conversion voltage or the first, or And supplying power to the external component by the power provided by the second battery; at least one power source switching control unit coupled to the power converter to switch the source of the input power of the power converter, and selecting to An external component control unit, the external component, the charge and discharge controller, and the batteries provide power; a microcontroller detects the state of the online interactive power control system and controls the source of the input power, the power source category, and a priority order for performing the input power switching and voltage conversion; the microcontroller controls the plurality of charge and discharge controllers And adjusting the power supply mechanism of the first and the second battery to the external component control unit; and the at least one charging mode switching control unit is coupled to the power converter and the charging and discharging controller, according to the microcontroller Discharge of some batteries The detection, charging detection, and other power characteristics are detected, and a charging and discharging mode is selected; wherein the power supply mechanism detects the state of the power converter and the switching control unit according to the microcontroller, and the external connection The component, the first battery and the second battery are controlled to charge and discharge and start/disconnect power. The online interactive power control system of claim 1, wherein the input power source comprises an AC power source, or/and a DC power source, or/and an Ethernet power source (Power over Ethernet). , POE). The online interactive power control system of claim 2, wherein the power converter comprises at least one boosting voltage, or/and at least one step-down switching voltage circuit, to provide at least one boosting voltage of the switching voltage. Or / and at least one step-down function. The online interactive power control system of claim 3, wherein the power source switching control unit controls the microcontroller according to at least one of a voltage characteristic, a current characteristic, a waveform, and a frequency of the converted voltage. The power source switching control unit determines a power supply direction of the one of the switching voltages by turning on a switching power switching circuit. An online interactive power control system according to claim 4, wherein the AC power source or the DC power source passes through the power converter The converted conversion voltage has at least one difference, and the microcontroller detects at least one of a voltage, a current, a waveform, and a frequency of the converted voltage, so that the power source switching control unit determines an order of the input power. The online interactive power control system of claim 4, wherein the sequence is that the AC power is the first priority, the DC power is the second priority, and the Ethernet power supply is the third priority. The online interactive power control system of claim 4, wherein the online interactive power control system comprises an Ethernet power supply, and the Ethernet power supply can receive the input power or transmit the Convert voltage. The online interactive power control system of claim 7, wherein the switching voltage can charge the first and second batteries or supply power to the external component. The online interactive power control system of claim 1, wherein the charge and discharge controllers discharge in separate or parallel manners. The online interactive power control system of claim 9, wherein when the input power is not powered off, the microcontroller controls charging and discharging according to a voltage of one of the first and the second battery. Different voltage charging, charging elimination, high and low voltage charging priority sorting, charge cutoff voltage protection, over low voltage stop charging protection and discharge cutoff Pressure protection, and minimum termination discharge voltage protection are at least one of the procedures. The online interactive power control system of claim 2, wherein, when the AC power is interrupted, the power source switching control unit switches to the DC power source or the Ethernet network supplies power to the DC power source. To avoid this input power interruption. The online interactive power control system of claim 2, wherein the microcontroller controls the pair of charge and discharge controllers when the amount of current input by the DC power source is insufficient to supply power to the external component. The first and the second battery are powered in parallel to supply power to the microcontroller, the external component control unit, and the external component. The online interactive power control system of claim 12, wherein when the discharge voltage of the first and the second battery drops to a voltage value of a cutoff voltage protection voltage, stopping the microcontroller and the The external component control unit supplies power. The online interactive power control system of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller detects the first and the second battery in a preset period, and the microcontroller is based on the detection result. And performing a discharge cutoff voltage protection and a minimum termination discharge voltage protection process on the first and the second battery. Online interactive power control system as described in item 1 of the patent application scope When the microcontroller controls the power source switching control unit to turn on the input power to restore power, after the power converter converts the voltage, the power is directly supplied to the microcontroller, the external component control unit, and the charging and discharging. a controller to charge the first and second batteries. The online interactive power control system of claim 2, wherein the AC power source can be coupled to one of a street lamp, a mains power supply, or an indoor/outdoor switchboard power supply, or a socket mains, or through a green Energy is converted into alternating current electricity. The online interactive power control system of claim 1, wherein the online interactive power control system includes at least one temperature detection unit coupled to the microcontroller, and the temperature detection unit detects the online An ambient temperature of an interactive power control system, wherein the ambient temperature includes a battery temperature, or a motherboard temperature, or a space ambient temperature, when the detected ambient temperature exceeds a dangerous preset temperature of the microcontroller, the micro The controller will prohibit the charging and discharging controllers and the external component control unit from performing charging or discharging operations, and resume charging the discharging controller and the external component control unit when the ambient temperature is raised or lowered to a safe preset temperature. working normally. An online interactive power control system as described in claim 1, wherein the online interactive power control system includes a remote control The remote controller is coupled to the microcontroller, and a user can control the microcontroller software to adjust the power converter, the charge and discharge controllers, and the remote controller The operation of the external component control unit, the power source switching control unit, the charging mode switching control unit, the temperature detection control parameter, and the like.