TWI449902B - Apparatus and method for detecting defective hole - Google Patents

Description

Opening failure detecting device and opening failure detecting method

The invention relates to the field of product detection, in particular to an open hole failure detecting device for detecting poor opening on a steel plate and a method for detecting poor opening.

In the process of Surface Mounted Technology (SMT), it is necessary to use a steel plate with an opening, and the solder paste is printed on a printed circuit board (PCB) by opening. In the process and use of the steel sheet, it is necessary to detect the dimensional parameters of the openings on the upper surface to avoid poor printing of the printed circuit board due to poor opening, which in turn increases the extra repair work time, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost.

The existing methods for detecting the opening of the steel plate are mainly manual visual inspection. However, in general, the number of openings in each steel plate is several thousand, which makes the workload of the inspection personnel increase, which is not conducive to modern assembly line operations.

In view of this, it is necessary to provide an opening failure detecting device capable of automatically detecting a defective opening of a steel sheet.

It is also necessary to provide an open hole failure detecting method capable of automatically detecting a defective opening of a steel sheet.

An opening failure detecting device for detecting whether a steel plate has poor opening, including : Processing module and output module. The processing module is configured to determine a detection area from the preset target area image corresponding to the steel plate according to the pre-stored positioning information for describing the position of the opening on the steel plate, and statistically detect the image in the area according to a preset statistical rule. The color value of the primitive is the number of image primitives of the target value to generate a statistical value, the statistical value is compared with the preset reference value, and when the statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value, the target region is determined. The plate corresponding to the image is poorly opened, and the prompt information is output to the output module. The output module is used to output prompt information.

A method for detecting poor opening, the method comprising the steps of: determining a detection area from a preset image of a target area corresponding to a steel plate according to pre-stored positioning information for describing an opening position on the steel sheet; Scanning is performed in the detection area, and the number of image elements of the image element in the detection area is counted according to a preset statistical rule to generate a statistical value; the statistical value is compared with the preset reference value, and When comparing the statistical value not equal to the preset reference value, it is determined that the steel plate opening defect corresponding to the target area image is bad, and the prompt information is output.

The processing module performs scanning in the detection area according to the predetermined scanning rule by using the hole defect detecting device and the hole defect detecting method, and statistically detects the color value of the image element in the detection area as a target value according to a preset statistical rule. The number of image primitives is used to generate a statistical value, the statistical value is compared with a preset reference value, and when the comparison statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value, it is determined that the steel plate opening corresponding to the image of the target area is defective, and Output prompt information to the output module. In this way, the hole defect detecting device can automatically complete the detecting operation on the steel plate opening without manual participation, thereby reducing the detecting personnel. The workload is conducive to modern assembly line operations.

20‧‧‧Drilling failure detection device

21‧‧‧Image acquisition module

22‧‧‧Processing module

23‧‧‧Output module

222‧‧‧ memory

100‧‧‧ Target area image

101, 102, 103, 104‧‧‧ openings

400‧‧‧Field Programmable Gate Array

401‧‧‧ position generation circuit

402‧‧‧Data processing circuit

403‧‧‧Data Conversion Circuit

405‧‧‧Judgement circuit

406‧‧‧ coordinate computing circuit

407‧‧‧Comparative value generating circuit

408‧‧‧Comparative circuit

409‧‧‧Output circuit

S600~S608‧‧‧ Flow chart of bad hole detection method

1 is a functional block diagram of a poor aperture detecting device according to a preferred embodiment.

2 is a schematic diagram of an image of a target area.

3 is a functional block diagram of the processing module shown in FIG. 1.

4 is a flow chart of a method for detecting poor opening of a preferred embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the aperture failure detecting apparatus 20 includes an image acquiring module 21 , a processing module 22 , and an output module 23 .

The image acquisition module 21 is configured to acquire a regular image of the target area according to the coordinates and the preset area in the pre-stored file for describing the position of the opening in the steel plate. The target area image is represented by a set of binary data. The binary data can be stored in the processing module 22. The pre-stored file is used to describe the information of the steel plate, such as the size of the steel plate, the number of openings in the steel plate, the coordinates corresponding to the opening on the steel plate, and the size of the opening on the steel plate. The preset area acquisition rule is to determine the size of the target area according to the size of the opening on the steel plate. For example, the target area is generally slightly larger than the size on the steel plate opening.

The processing module 22 is configured to determine a detection area from the obtained target area image according to the pre-stored positioning information for describing the position of the opening on the steel plate, and statistically detect the color value of the image element in the area according to a preset statistical rule. The number of image primitives as the target value is used to generate a statistical value, the statistical value is compared with the preset reference value, and when the comparison statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value, the steel plate corresponding to the image of the target area is determined to be opened. The hole is defective, and the prompt information is output to the output module 23. Wherein, the target value is used to indicate the color of the opening displayed by the image of the target area. In the present embodiment, the target area The opening of the image display is indicated by white, and the target value is the color value used to represent white. For example, after the image of the target area is subjected to gradation processing, the color value of the image element indicates black and white in the image of the target area by 0 and 1, respectively, and the target value is 1. It can be understood that the above statistical values are generated according to the number of white primitives in the detection area. For example, the number of white primitives in the detection area can be obtained as a statistical value of the area value of the opening in the detection area, the coordinate value of the center of gravity, and the length and width of the opening. The corresponding reference value of the preset may be a standard area of the opening on the steel plate, a standard gravity center coordinate, and a standard length and width value. In this way, the area value, the center of gravity coordinate and the length and width values are respectively compared with the preset standard area, the standard gravity center coordinate, and the standard length and width values, and the calculated area value, the center of gravity coordinate, the length and width values, and the pre-comparison are compared. If the standard area, standard center of gravity coordinates, and standard length and width values are not equal, the size of the opening does not meet the production requirements and the positional deviation of the opening.

The output module 23 is used to output the prompt information. For example, the output module 23 can be a liquid crystal display, and the output module 23 displays the prompt information to the inspector.

The following describes an example of the process of detecting the area, the center of gravity, and the length and width of the opening of the steel plate by the hole defect detecting device 20. Referring to FIG. 2, the image acquiring module 21 acquires the image of the target area 100, which is included in the image 100 of the target area. Openings 101, 102, 103; the processing module 22 determines a detection area 104 on the target area image 100 according to the positioning information corresponding to the opening 101 (for example, the coordinate point of the opening 101 in the two-dimensional space), and processes The module 22 calculates the area of the opening 101, the coordinates of the center of gravity, and the length and width of the opening 101 as follows.

The processing module 22 counts the number of image primitives in the detection area 104 as white, that is, the number of image primitives whose statistical color value is 1, and calculates the area of the aperture 101 according to the following calculation formula: sumN=sum(1) where sumN represents the area value of the aperture 101, and sum(1) is the number of image primitives having a color value of 1, that is, a white image map in which the calculated color value is 1. The quantity value of the element is taken as the area value of the opening 101.

The processing module 22 also records the coordinate points corresponding to the white primitives, and calculates the centroid coordinates of the opening 101 by using the following formula: sumX=sum(X), where sumX is corresponding to the image primitive with the color value of 1. The sum of the X coordinates in the coordinate point.

sumY=sum(Y) where sumN is the sum of the Y coordinates in the coordinate point corresponding to the image element having the color value of 1.

Xc=sumX/sumN where xc is the X coordinate of the center of gravity of the aperture.

Yc=sumY/sumN where yc is the Y coordinate of the center of gravity of the aperture.

The processing module 22 also calculates the length and width of the opening 101 by using the following formula: dx=sum(abs(X-xc))/sumN where dx is the length of the opening X direction, and abs(X-xc) is Take the absolute value of the value obtained by X-xc.

Dy=sum(abs(Y-yc))/sumN where dy is the length of the opening Y direction, and abs(Y-yc) is the absolute value of the value obtained by taking Y-yc.

The processing module 22 compares the calculated area value, the center of gravity coordinate, and the length and width values with a preset standard area, a standard gravity center coordinate, and a standard length and width value, and compares the calculated area value, the center of gravity coordinate, and the length. When the width value is different from the preset standard area, the standard gravity center coordinate, and the standard length and width values, the prompt information is output to the output module 23, so that the output module 23 displays the prompt information to the detecting personnel.

Further, please refer to FIG. 3 at the same time, the processing module 22 includes a memory 222, a programming Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The memory 222 is configured to store a target area image captured by the image acquisition module 21. The programmed field programmable gate array 400 generates a corresponding circuit to implement the hole defect detection function. Referring to FIG. 3 at the same time, the field programmable gate array 400 includes a position generation circuit 401, a data processing circuit 402, and a data conversion circuit 403. The determination circuit 405, the coordinate operation circuit 406, the comparison value generation circuit 407, the comparison circuit 408, and the output circuit 409.

The position generating circuit 401 is configured to generate corresponding address data according to the coordinates in the pre-stored file for describing the position of the opening in the steel plate, and provide the address data to the memory 222.

The data processing circuit 402 is configured to receive the target area image data output by the memory 222 in response to the address data provided by the position generating circuit 401, and output the received target area image data in units of primitives and generate corresponding to the primitive. The coordinates of the coordinates.

The data conversion circuit 403 is configured to receive the image data of the target area output by the data processing circuit 402, and perform data gray processing on the received image data of the target area to obtain corresponding binary data, and provide the obtained binary data. A decision circuit 405 is provided.

The determining circuit 405 is configured to determine whether the received binary data provided by the data conversion circuit 403 is equal to the target value, and generate a determination signal when it is determined that the binary data provided by the data conversion circuit 403 is equal to the target value, and the generated judgment is generated. The signal is supplied to the coordinate operation circuit 406.

The coordinate operation circuit 406 is configured to receive the coordinates provided by the data processing circuit 402, and record the corresponding coordinates and count to generate a count value upon receiving the determination signal.

The comparison value generating circuit 407 is configured to generate a statistical value based on the coordinates recorded by the coordinate operation circuit 406, the generated count value, and a preset statistical rule. The statistical value may be the area of the opening, the coordinates of the center of gravity or the length and width of the opening.

The comparison circuit 408 is configured to compare the statistical value generated by the comparison value generating circuit 407 with a preset reference value, and generate a comparison signal when comparing the statistical value not equal to the preset reference value, and provide the comparison signal to the output circuit 409. .

The output circuit 409 is configured to generate prompt information according to the comparison signal, and transmit the generated prompt information to the output module 23.

In other embodiments, the aperture failure detecting device 20 includes a processing module 22 and an output module 23. The processing module 22 determines a detection area from the pre-stored target area image. The pre-stored target area image is taken by other image acquisition means according to the coordinates and the preset area acquisition rule for describing the position of the opening in the steel plate in the pre-stored file.

As shown in FIG. 4, it is a flowchart of a method for detecting poor opening of a preferred embodiment. The method is applied to the hole defect detecting device, so that the hole hole detecting device can complete the detecting of the opening in the steel plate, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S600, according to the pre-stored file for describing the opening position of the steel plate The coordinates and preset area acquisition rules capture the target area image. The target area image can be represented by a set of binary bits and stored in the memory of the aperture defect detecting apparatus. The pre-stored file is used to describe the information of the steel plate, and the information includes the size of the steel plate, the number of openings in the steel plate, the size of the opening on the steel plate, and the coordinates corresponding to the opening on the steel plate. The preset area acquisition rule is to determine the size of the target area image according to the size of the opening on the steel plate.

Step S602, according to the pre-stored positioning information for describing the position of the opening on the steel plate A detection area is determined in the target area image.

Step S604, scanning is performed in the detection area according to a predetermined scanning rule, and the number of image primitives of the image element in the detection area is detected according to a preset statistical rule to generate a statistical value. For example, in this embodiment, the step is specifically: outputting the stored target area image data in units of primitives and generating coordinates corresponding to the primitives; and performing grayscale processing on the output target area image data to Obtain corresponding binary data; determine whether the binary data is equal to the target value, and record the corresponding coordinates when determining that the binary data is equal to the target value, and count to generate a count value; according to the recorded coordinates, the generated count value and the pre- Let statistical rules produce statistical values. The preset statistical rule may be that the image primitive in the statistical detection area is the target value, the statistical quantity value is taken as the area value, and the image image element is used as the coordinate point corresponding to the target value, and the statistics are collected. The sum value of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate in the coordinate point, calculate the center of gravity coordinate value according to the area value and the sum value, and calculate the length of the opening hole according to the area value, the center of gravity coordinate value, and the coordinate value of the recorded coordinate point. Wide value; the binary data is used to represent the color value of the image element.

Step S606, comparing the statistical value with a preset reference value. The statistical value may be the area value of the aperture calculated in step S604, the center of gravity coordinate value, and the length and width values of the opening. The preset reference value may be a standard area of the opening in the steel plate, a standard center of gravity coordinate, and a length and width of the opening.

In step S608, when the comparison statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value, it is determined that the steel plate opening defect corresponding to the target area image is output, and the prompt information is output. The prompt information can be displayed by the liquid crystal display screen for the reference of the tester.

With the above-described aperture failure detecting device 20 and the aperture defect detecting method, the processing module 22 performs scanning in the detection area according to a predetermined scanning rule, and according to preset statistical rules. The number of image primitives of the image primitive in the statistical detection area is the number of image primitives of the target value to generate a statistical value, and the statistical value is compared with the preset reference value, and when the statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value It is determined that the steel plate opening corresponding to the image of the target area is defective, and the prompt information is output to the output module 23. In this way, the hole defect detecting device 20 can automatically complete the detecting operation on the steel plate without manual intervention, thereby reducing the workload of the detecting personnel and facilitating the modern assembly line operation.

S600~S608‧‧‧ Flow chart of bad hole detection method

Claims (11)

An opening failure detecting device for detecting whether a steel plate has poor opening, the improvement is that the opening failure detecting device comprises a processing module and an output module; and the processing module is configured to describe the steel plate according to the pre-existing Positioning information of the opening position, determining a detection area from the preset image of the target area corresponding to the steel plate, and statistically detecting the image value of the image element in the detection area according to a preset statistical rule The number of elements is used to generate a statistical value, and the processing module is further configured to compare the statistical value with a preset reference value, and determine, when comparing the statistical value that is not equal to the preset reference value, the image corresponding to the target area image. The steel plate has poor opening, and outputs prompt information to the output module; the output module is used for outputting the prompt information; wherein the preset reference value is a standard area of the opening on the steel plate; the preset statistical rule is within the statistical detection area The color value of the image primitive is the number of image primitives of the target value, and the processing module compares the counted value as an area value to compare with the standard area. The aperture defect detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the target value is used to indicate a color value of an opening displayed by the image of the target area. The aperture detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aperture detecting apparatus further comprises an image acquiring module, and the image obtaining module is configured to describe the opening in the steel plate according to the pre-stored file. The positioning information of the position and the preset area acquiring rule capture the image of the target area; the preset area obtaining rule is to determine the size of the image of the target area according to the size of the opening on the steel plate. The aperture defect detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the preset reference value is a standard gravity center coordinate of the opening on the steel plate; the preset statistical rule is a color value of the image primitive in the statistical detection area. For the number of target values, the calculated quantity value is taken as the area value, and the coordinate point corresponding to the image element in which the color value is the target value is recorded, and the sum of the X coordinates in the coordinate point is counted. The value and the sum of the Y coordinates are calculated based on the area value and the sum value to compare with the standard center of gravity coordinates. The aperture defect detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the preset reference value is a standard length and width value of the opening on the steel plate; the preset statistical rule is a color of the image element in the statistical detection area. The value is the number of target values, the calculated quantity value is taken as the area value, and the coordinate point corresponding to the image element whose recording color value is the target value is recorded, and the sum of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate in the coordinate point is counted. The value is calculated according to the area value and the sum value, and the length and width values are calculated according to the area value, the sum value, and the coordinates of the recorded coordinate points to be compared with the standard length and width values. The device for detecting a hole defect according to claim 1, wherein the processing module comprises a memory and a programmed field programmable gate array; the memory is configured to store an image of the target area; the programmed The field programmable gate array generates a corresponding circuit to implement the hole defect detection function, and the processing module includes a position generation circuit, a data processing circuit, a data conversion circuit, a judgment circuit, a coordinate operation circuit, a comparison value generation circuit, a comparison circuit, and an output. a circuit; the position generating circuit is configured to generate corresponding address data according to coordinates used to describe the position of the opening in the steel plate in the pre-stored file, and provide the address data to the memory; and the data processing circuit is configured to receive the memory response position generation a target area image data outputted by the address data provided by the circuit, and outputting the received target area image data in units of primitives and generating coordinates corresponding to the primitive; the data conversion circuit is configured to receive the output of the data processing circuit Target area image data, and grayscale processing of the received target area image data to obtain Corresponding binary data, and the obtained binary data is provided to the judging circuit; the judging circuit is configured to judge whether the received binary data provided by the data processing circuit is equal to the target value, and determine the second data provided by the data processing circuit The judgment signal is generated when the carry data is equal to the target value, and the generated judgment signal is supplied to the coordinate operation circuit; The coordinate operation circuit is configured to receive a coordinate provided by the data processing circuit, and record a corresponding coordinate when the determination signal is received and count to generate a count value; the comparison value generation circuit is configured to calculate a coordinate value, a generated count value, and the coordinate value according to the coordinate calculation circuit. The preset statistical rule generates a statistical value; the comparison circuit is configured to compare the statistical value generated by the comparison value generating circuit with a preset reference value, and generate a comparison signal when comparing the statistical value not equal to the preset reference value, and compare The signal is provided to the output circuit; the output circuit is configured to generate prompt information according to the comparison signal, and transmit the generated prompt information to the output module. A method for detecting poor opening, the method comprising the steps of: determining a detection area from a preset image of a target area corresponding to a steel plate according to pre-stored positioning information for describing an opening position on the steel sheet; Scanning is performed in the detection area, and the number of image elements of the image element in the detection area is counted according to a preset statistical rule to generate a statistical value; the statistical value is compared with the preset reference value, and Comparing that the statistical value is not equal to the preset reference value, determining that the steel plate opening fault corresponding to the image of the target area is poor, and outputting prompt information, the preset reference value is a standard area of the opening on the steel plate; the preset statistics The rule is to count the number of image primitives whose image color values in the detection area are the target value, and use the counted quantity value as the area value. The method for detecting a hole defect according to claim 7, wherein the preset reference value is a standard gravity center coordinate of the hole in the steel plate; the preset statistical rule is a color value of the image element in the statistical detection area. For the number of target values, the calculated quantity value is taken as the area value, and the coordinate point corresponding to the image element whose recording color value is the target value is recorded, and the sum value of the X coordinate and the sum value of the Y coordinate in the coordinate point are counted. Calculate the center of gravity coordinates based on the area value and the sum value to compare with the standard center of gravity coordinates. The method for detecting a hole defect according to claim 7, wherein the preset reference value is a standard length and width value of the opening on the steel plate; the preset statistical rule is a color of the image element in the statistical detection area. The value is the number of target values, the calculated quantity value is taken as the area value, and the coordinate point corresponding to the image element whose recording color value is the target value is recorded, and the sum of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate in the coordinate point is counted. The value is calculated according to the area value and the sum value, and the length and width values are calculated according to the area value, the sum value, and the coordinates of the recorded coordinate points to be compared with the standard length and width values. The method for detecting the poor opening of the hole according to Item 7 of the patent application, further comprising the steps of: taking in the positioning information according to the pre-stored file for describing the position of the opening in the steel plate and the preset area acquisition rule and the opening on the steel plate. Corresponding target area image; wherein the preset area acquisition rule is to determine the size of the target area image according to the size of the opening on the steel plate. The method for detecting a hole defect according to claim 7, wherein the scanning is performed in the detection area according to a predetermined scanning rule, and the color value of the image element in the detection area is statistically determined according to a preset statistical rule. The step of generating a statistical value like the number of primitives is specifically outputting the stored target area image data in units of primitives and generating coordinates corresponding to the primitives; performing grayscale processing on the output target image data to Obtaining corresponding binary data; determining whether the binary data is equal to the target value; recording the corresponding coordinates when determining that the binary data is equal to the target value, and counting to generate a count value; according to the recorded coordinates, the generated count value and the pre- Let statistical rules produce statistical values.