TWI433204B - Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb - Google Patents
Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb Download PDFInfo
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- TWI433204B TWI433204B TW100122090A TW100122090A TWI433204B TW I433204 B TWI433204 B TW I433204B TW 100122090 A TW100122090 A TW 100122090A TW 100122090 A TW100122090 A TW 100122090A TW I433204 B TWI433204 B TW I433204B
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Description
本發明係與無極燈具有關，特別有關於一種燈炮型的無極燈。 The invention relates to a stepless lamp, and in particular to a lamp type electrodeless lamp.
無電極電磁感應燈(簡稱無極燈，High-frequency Plasma Electrodeless Discharge In-duction Lamp)係一種應用氣體放電原理及高頻電磁感應原理所產生的燈具，相較於傳統的白熾燈泡，因無極燈不具有限制光源壽命的元件(鎢絲)，故其使用壽命亦長達數萬小時，又，無極燈具有光效高、光衰小、發熱量低…等眾多優點，故成為極佳的綠色照明光源。 High-frequency Plasma Electrodeless Discharge In-duction Lamp is a kind of lamp produced by the principle of gas discharge and high-frequency electromagnetic induction. Compared with traditional incandescent bulbs, it is not because of the electrodeless lamp. It has a component that limits the life of the light source (tungsten wire), so its service life is also tens of thousands of hours. In addition, the electrodeless lamp has many advantages such as high luminous efficiency, low light decay, low heat generation, etc., so it is an excellent green lighting. light source.
傳統的無極燈具主要包括燈體、設置在燈體上的耦合器、裝設有鎮流器的燈頭結構，其中，燈體內部填充有惰性氣體及水銀蒸氣，將燈頭結構安裝於外部燈座，並對外部燈座施加電力後，電流即透過鎮流器而輸入耦合器，耦合器基於電磁感應的原理，會在燈體內建立磁場，並使惰性氣體發生氣體放電而激發水銀蒸氣輻射出紫外線，螢光材料吸收紫外線而照射出可見光。 The conventional stepless lamp mainly comprises a lamp body, a coupler disposed on the lamp body, and a lamp cap structure equipped with a ballast, wherein the lamp body is filled with an inert gas and mercury vapor, and the lamp cap structure is mounted on the external lamp holder. After applying electric power to the external lamp holder, the current is input to the coupler through the ballast. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the coupler establishes a magnetic field in the lamp body, and causes the inert gas to generate a gas discharge to excite the mercury vapor to emit ultraviolet rays. The fluorescent material absorbs ultraviolet rays and emits visible light.
惟，上述無極燈的燈體係為固定結合在該燈頭結構上，亦即，當該燈體或鎮流器之其中一者損壞時，則需將無極燈整體一起丟棄，由於無法只針對燈體或燈頭結構進行更換，不但提高了使用成 本，更造成使用上的浪費，且不符環保需求。 However, the lamp system of the above-mentioned electrodeless lamp is fixedly coupled to the base structure, that is, when one of the lamp body or the ballast is damaged, the entire electrodeless lamp is discarded together, since it cannot be used only for the lamp body. Or the replacement of the lamp head structure not only improves the use of This is even more wasteful in use and does not meet environmental protection needs.
有鑑於此，本發明人為改善並解決上述之缺失，乃特潛心研究並配合學理之運用，終於提出一種設計合理且有效改善上述缺失之本發明。 In view of the above, the present inventors have made great efforts to improve and solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, and have finally made a proposal to rationally and effectively improve the above-mentioned defects.
本發明之一目的，在於提供一種可分離式的燈泡型無極燈，可對燈體結構或燈頭結構進行更換，以降低使用成本並環保需求。 An object of the present invention is to provide a detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp capable of replacing a lamp body structure or a lamp cap structure to reduce the use cost and environmental protection requirements.
為了達成上述之目的，本發明係為一種可分離式的燈泡型無極燈，包括燈頭結構、燈體結構及耦合器，燈頭結構包含電接頭、結合在電接頭一側邊的殼座、安置在殼座內的鎮流器及電性連接鎮流器的一對第一導接部，殼座具有第一結合部，鎮流器係電性連接電接頭，燈體結構包含絕緣環及結合在絕緣環上的燈體，絕緣環係為可卸離地組接在殼座上，並對應第一結合部而設有第二結合部，耦合器設置在燈體上，該耦合器包含環狀鐵芯、纏繞環狀鐵芯的線圈及電性連接線圈的一對第二導接部，其中，第一結合部及第二結合部係對應結合，以令該對第一導接部及該對第二導接部相互導接。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp comprising a lamp cap structure, a lamp body structure and a coupler, the lamp cap structure comprising an electrical connector, a housing coupled to one side of the electrical connector, and disposed in the a ballast in the housing and a pair of first guiding portions electrically connected to the ballast, the housing has a first joint, the ballast is electrically connected to the electrical connector, and the lamp body structure comprises an insulating ring and is coupled a lamp body on the insulating ring, the insulating ring is detachably assembled to the housing, and is provided with a second joint portion corresponding to the first joint portion, and the coupler is disposed on the lamp body, the coupler includes a ring shape a core, a coil wound around the annular core, and a pair of second guiding portions electrically connected to the coil, wherein the first joint portion and the second joint portion are coupled to each other to make the pair of first guide portions and the pair The second guiding portions are mutually connected.
本發明之另一目的，在於提供一種可分離式的燈泡型無極燈，其燈體結構係以旋接方式而組接在該燈頭結構，並在定位後確保第一導接部及第二導接部完全導接，更增加使用上的安全性。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp, wherein the lamp body structure is assembled in the lamp cap structure by screwing, and the first guide portion and the second guide are ensured after positioning. The joint is fully guided, which increases the safety of use.
相較於習知技術，本發明之燈體結構的絕緣環係為可卸離地組接在燈頭結構的殼座上，其中，絕緣環設有第一結合部，殼座對應該第一結合部而設有一第二結合部，第一結合部及第二結合部對 應結合後，可令第一導接部及第二導接部相互導接，因燈體結構係與該燈頭結構係利用組接結構而結合，故當燈體或鎮流器之其中一者損壞時，可針對損壞者進行置換，可達到降低使用成本，更符合環保需求。 Compared with the prior art, the insulating ring of the lamp body structure of the present invention is detachably assembled to the housing of the lamp cap structure, wherein the insulating ring is provided with a first joint portion, and the shell seat corresponds to the first joint a second joint portion, a first joint portion and a second joint portion After the combination, the first guiding portion and the second guiding portion can be connected to each other, and the lamp body structure and the lamp head structure are combined by the assembling structure, so one of the lamp body or the ballast When it is damaged, it can be replaced for the damaged person, which can reduce the use cost and meet the environmental protection requirements.
1‧‧‧燈泡型無極燈 1‧‧‧Light bulb type induction lamp
10‧‧‧燈頭結構 10‧‧‧ lamp head structure
11‧‧‧電接頭 11‧‧‧Electrical connector
12‧‧‧殼座 12‧‧‧Shell
121‧‧‧第一結合部 121‧‧‧ first joint
1211‧‧‧導槽 1211‧‧‧ Guide slot
1212‧‧‧卡槽 1212‧‧‧ card slot
122‧‧‧頂蓋 122‧‧‧Top cover
13‧‧‧鎮流器 13‧‧‧ ballast
131‧‧‧電路板 131‧‧‧Circuit board
132‧‧‧導線 132‧‧‧Wire
14‧‧‧第一導接部 14‧‧‧First Guide
141‧‧‧彈性臂 141‧‧‧Flexible arm
142‧‧‧彎折部 142‧‧‧Bend
15‧‧‧第一導接部 15‧‧‧First Guide
20‧‧‧燈體結構 20‧‧‧Light body structure
21‧‧‧絕緣環 21‧‧‧Insulation ring
211‧‧‧第二結合部 211‧‧‧ Second Joint Department
22‧‧‧燈體 22‧‧‧Light body
30‧‧‧耦合器 30‧‧‧ Coupler
31‧‧‧環狀鐵芯 31‧‧‧Ring core
32‧‧‧線圈 32‧‧‧ coil
33‧‧‧第二導接部 33‧‧‧Second Guide
34‧‧‧第二導接部 34‧‧‧Second Guide
1a‧‧‧燈泡型無極燈 1a‧‧‧Light bulb type induction lamp
10a‧‧‧燈頭結構 10a‧‧‧ lamp head structure
14a‧‧‧第一導接部 14a‧‧‧First Guide
15a‧‧‧第一導接部 15a‧‧‧First Guide
20a‧‧‧燈體結構 20a‧‧‧Light body structure
30a‧‧‧耦合器 30a‧‧‧ Coupler
33a‧‧‧第二導接部 33a‧‧‧Second Guide
34a‧‧‧第二導接部 34a‧‧‧Second Guide
1b‧‧‧燈泡型無極燈 1b‧‧‧Light bulb type induction lamp
10b‧‧‧燈頭結構 10b‧‧‧ lamp head structure
12b‧‧‧絕緣環 12b‧‧‧Insulation ring
121b‧‧‧第一結合部 121b‧‧‧ first joint
122b‧‧‧頂蓋 122b‧‧‧Top cover
20b‧‧‧燈體結構 20b‧‧‧Light body structure
211b‧‧‧第二結合部 211b‧‧‧Second junction
30b‧‧‧耦合器 30b‧‧‧ Coupler
第一圖係為本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈之卸離示意圖；第二圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈組接時二對導接部的剖視圖；第三圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈組接後的導接示意圖；第四圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈的立體外觀示意圖；第五圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈的組合剖視圖；第六圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈之另一實施例；第七圖係本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈之再一實施例。 The first figure is a schematic diagram of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention; the second figure is a cross-sectional view of the two pairs of guiding portions of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp assembly of the present invention; The schematic diagram of the connection of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp assembly; the fourth figure is a schematic perspective view of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention; the fifth figure is the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention A cross-sectional view of a combination; a sixth embodiment is another embodiment of a detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention; and a seventh embodiment is a further embodiment of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention.
有關本發明之詳細說明及技術內容，配合圖式說明如下，然而所附圖式僅提供參考與說明用，並非用來對本發明加以限制者。 The detailed description and technical content of the present invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings.
請參照第一圖至第五圖，係分別為本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈之卸離示意圖、組接時二對導接部的剖視圖、組接後的導接示意圖、立體外觀示意圖及組合剖視圖；本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈1包括一燈頭結構10、一燈體結構20及一耦合器30。 Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 respectively, which are respectively a schematic diagram of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention, a cross-sectional view of two pairs of guiding portions when assembled, a schematic diagram of the guiding after assembly, and a stereoscopic appearance. And a combination cross-sectional view; the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1 of the present invention comprises a base structure 10, a lamp body structure 20 and a coupler 30.
該燈頭結構10包含一電接頭11、結合在該電接頭11一側邊的一殼座12、安置在該殼座12內的一鎮流器13及電性連接該鎮流器13的 一對第一導接部14、15。該殼座12具有一第一結合部121，該鎮流器13係電性連接該電接頭11。 The base structure 10 includes an electrical connector 11 , a housing 12 coupled to one side of the electrical connector 11 , a ballast 13 disposed in the housing 12 , and a ballast 13 electrically connected to the ballast 13 . A pair of first guiding portions 14, 15. The housing 12 has a first joint portion 121, and the ballast 13 is electrically connected to the electrical joint 11.
本實施例中，該殼座12係呈碗型，且該鎮流器13更包含有一電路板131，該電路板131係延伸設有一對導線132，該對導線132係電性導接該電接頭11。此外，該對第一導接部14、15係設置在該電路板131上，該對第一導接部14、15係透過該電路板131而電性連接該鎮流器13。再者，該殼座12更具有一頂蓋122，該電路板131係固定在該頂蓋122內側，該對第一導接部14、15係部分凸露出該頂蓋122外。 In this embodiment, the housing 12 is in the shape of a bowl, and the ballast 13 further includes a circuit board 131. The circuit board 131 is extended with a pair of wires 132. The pair of wires 132 electrically conduct the electricity. Connector 11. In addition, the pair of first guiding portions 14 and 15 are disposed on the circuit board 131, and the pair of first guiding portions 14 and 15 are electrically connected to the ballast 13 through the circuit board 131. Furthermore, the housing 12 further has a top cover 122. The circuit board 131 is fixed on the inner side of the top cover 122. The pair of first guiding portions 14, 15 partially protrude outside the top cover 122.
該燈體結構20包含一絕緣環21及結合在該絕緣環21上的一燈體22，該絕緣環21係為可卸離地組接在該殼座12上，並對應該第一結合部121而設有一第二結合部211，其中，該燈體22的型態並不限，其可為一球狀燈泡或一管狀燈管。 The lamp body structure 20 includes an insulating ring 21 and a lamp body 22 coupled to the insulating ring 21. The insulating ring 21 is detachably assembled to the housing 12 and corresponds to the first joint portion. A second joint portion 211 is provided, wherein the shape of the lamp body 22 is not limited, and it may be a spherical bulb or a tubular tube.
該耦合器30係設置在該燈體22上，該耦合器30包含一環狀鐵芯31、纏繞該環狀鐵芯31的一線圈32及電性連接該線圈31的一對第二導接部33、34。值得一提的是，該燈泡型無極燈1可為內耦合型無極燈具或外耦合型無極燈具。當該燈泡型無極燈1為內耦合型無極燈具時，該耦合器30係容置於該燈體22內，另一方面，當該燈泡型無極燈1為外耦合型無極燈具時，該耦合器30則是套置在該燈體22外部。又，本實施例之燈體22為一封閉迴路式燈管(如環狀燈管)，該環狀鐵芯31係套接在該封閉迴路式燈管上。 The coupler 30 is disposed on the lamp body 22. The coupler 30 includes an annular core 31, a coil 32 wound around the annular core 31, and a pair of second leads electrically connected to the coil 31. Parts 33, 34. It is worth mentioning that the bulb type electrodeless lamp 1 can be an inner coupling type stepless lamp or an outer coupling type stepless lamp. When the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1 is an in-coupling type electrodeless lamp, the coupler 30 is housed in the lamp body 22, and on the other hand, when the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1 is an externally coupled type stepless lamp, the coupling The device 30 is sleeved outside the lamp body 22. Moreover, the lamp body 22 of the embodiment is a closed loop type lamp tube (such as an annular lamp tube), and the annular core 31 is sleeved on the closed loop type lamp tube.
該燈體結構20係與該燈頭結構10相互組接，於本實施例中，該第一結合部121設於該殼座12的外緣面，該第一結合部121包含一導 槽1211及位在該導槽1211前端的一卡槽1212。該第二結合部211係為一卡掣塊，組接時係將該第一結合部121及該第二結合部211對應結合，以令該對第一導接部14、15及該對第二導接部33、34相互導接。 The lamp body structure 20 is coupled to the base structure 10, and in the embodiment, the first joint portion 121 is disposed on the outer edge surface of the shell 12, and the first joint portion 121 includes a guide. The slot 1211 and a card slot 1212 located at the front end of the guide slot 1211. The second joint portion 211 is a latching block, and the first joint portion 121 and the second joint portion 211 are coupled to each other to make the pair of first guide portions 14 and 15 and the pair The two guiding portions 33, 34 are connected to each other.
於本實施例中，該燈體結構20係以旋接方式而組接在該燈頭結構10上，當該卡掣塊伸入該卡槽1212，再沿著該導槽1211滑移，此時，該第一導接部14、15及第二導接部33、34尚未相互導接，直到該卡掣塊定位在該導槽1211的末端後，該第一導接部14、15才會導接第二導接部33、34，藉此確保完全導接，增加使用上的安全性。 In this embodiment, the lamp body structure 20 is coupled to the base structure 10 in a screwing manner. When the card block extends into the card slot 1212, it slides along the guide slot 1211. The first guiding portions 14 and 15 and the second guiding portions 33 and 34 are not yet connected to each other, and the first guiding portions 14 and 15 are not formed until the locking block is positioned at the end of the guiding slot 1211. The second guiding portions 33, 34 are guided, thereby ensuring complete guiding and increasing safety in use.
另外，本實施例之第一導接部14、15係設為一對導電片，以第一導接部14為例說明之。該導電片14係包含一彈性臂141及自該彈性臂141延伸的一彎折部142，且該對第一導接部14、15及該對第二導接部33、34係以上下接觸的方式導接。 In addition, the first guiding portions 14 and 15 of the present embodiment are a pair of conductive sheets, and the first guiding portion 14 is taken as an example. The conductive sheet 14 includes a resilient arm 141 and a bent portion 142 extending from the resilient arm 141, and the pair of first guiding portions 14, 15 and the pair of second guiding portions 33, 34 are in contact with each other. Way to guide.
請續參照第六圖及第七圖，係分別為本發明可分離式的燈泡型無極燈的另二實施例；第六圖中，燈泡型無極燈1a包括一燈頭結構10a、一燈體結構20a及一耦合器30a，該燈泡型無極燈1a的結構與第一實施例大致相同，其不同之處在於第一導接部14a、15a與第二導接部33a、34a的接觸方式。本實施例中，第一導接部14a、15a與第二導接部33a、34a係以側向接觸的方式而相互導接。 6 and 7 are respectively another embodiment of the detachable bulb-type electrodeless lamp of the present invention; in the sixth figure, the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1a includes a base structure 10a and a lamp body structure. 20a and a coupler 30a, the structure of the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1a is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the first guide portions 14a, 15a are in contact with the second guide portions 33a, 34a. In this embodiment, the first guiding portions 14a and 15a and the second guiding portions 33a and 34a are in contact with each other in a lateral contact manner.
請再參照第七圖，燈泡型無極燈1b包括一燈頭結構10b、一燈體結構20b及一耦合器30b，該燈泡型無極燈1b的結構與第一實施例大致相同，其不同之處在於燈體結構20b與該燈頭結構10b的組接 方式。本實施例中，該第一結合部121b為一卡勾，該卡勾係設於其頂蓋122b的頂緣，該第二結合部211b則設為一卡槽，該卡槽係設於其絕緣環12b的內壁面，該第一結合部121b係與第二結合部211b相互卡扣，以將該燈體結構20b組接在該燈頭結構10b上。 Referring to the seventh figure, the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1b includes a base structure 10b, a lamp body structure 20b and a coupler 30b. The structure of the bulb-type electrodeless lamp 1b is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the difference is that The assembly of the lamp body structure 20b and the lamp cap structure 10b the way. In this embodiment, the first joint portion 121b is a hook, the hook is disposed on the top edge of the top cover 122b, and the second joint portion 211b is disposed as a card slot. The inner wall surface of the insulating ring 12b is fastened to the second joint portion 211b by the first joint portion 121b to assemble the lamp body structure 20b to the base structure 10b.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，非用以限定本發明之專利範圍，其他運用本發明之專利精神之等效變化，均應俱屬本發明之專利範圍。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and other equivalent variations of the patent spirit of the present invention are all within the scope of the invention.
1‧‧‧燈泡型無極燈 1‧‧‧Light bulb type induction lamp
10‧‧‧燈頭結構 10‧‧‧ lamp head structure
11‧‧‧電接頭 11‧‧‧Electrical connector
12‧‧‧殼座 12‧‧‧Shell
121‧‧‧第一結合部 121‧‧‧ first joint
1211‧‧‧導槽 1211‧‧‧ Guide slot
1212‧‧‧卡槽 1212‧‧‧ card slot
122‧‧‧頂蓋 122‧‧‧Top cover
13‧‧‧鎮流器 13‧‧‧ ballast
131‧‧‧電路板 131‧‧‧Circuit board
14‧‧‧第一導接部 14‧‧‧First Guide
141‧‧‧彈性臂 141‧‧‧Flexible arm
142‧‧‧彎折部 142‧‧‧Bend
15‧‧‧第一導接部 15‧‧‧First Guide
20‧‧‧燈體結構 20‧‧‧Light body structure
21‧‧‧絕緣環 21‧‧‧Insulation ring
211‧‧‧第二結合部 211‧‧‧ Second Joint Department
22‧‧‧燈體 22‧‧‧Light body
30‧‧‧耦合器 30‧‧‧ Coupler
31‧‧‧環狀鐵芯 31‧‧‧Ring core
32‧‧‧線圈 32‧‧‧ coil
33‧‧‧第二導接部 33‧‧‧Second Guide
34‧‧‧第二導接部 34‧‧‧Second Guide
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100122090A TWI433204B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb |
| CN201210208576.8A CN102840475B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-25 | Separable bulb type electrodeless lamp |
| CN 201220296591 CN202769324U (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-25 | Separable bulb type electrodeless lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100122090A TWI433204B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201301338A TW201301338A (en) | 2013-01-01 |
| TWI433204B true TWI433204B (en) | 2014-04-01 |
Family
ID=47368088
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100122090A TWI433204B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN202769324U (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI433204B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI433204B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-04-01 | Chen Ching Hsin | Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7088056B2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2006-08-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Bulb type electrodeless fluorescent lamp |
| CN201373274Y (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-12-30 | 上海尊亮贸易有限公司 | Rotary bayonet split energy-saving lamp |
| CN201757289U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-03-09 | 赖少权 | Split type energy saving lamp |
| CN201868384U (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-15 | 陈敬昕 | External coupled electrodeless lamp with built-in ballast |
| TWI433204B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-04-01 | Chen Ching Hsin | Detachable electrodeless discharge lamp with light bulb |
-
2011
- 2011-06-23 TW TW100122090A patent/TWI433204B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-06-25 CN CN 201220296591 patent/CN202769324U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-25 CN CN201210208576.8A patent/CN102840475B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN202769324U (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| CN102840475B (en) | 2015-02-04 |
| TW201301338A (en) | 2013-01-01 |
| CN102840475A (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |