TWI430228B - 顯示裝置 - Google Patents
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- TWI430228B TWI430228B TW099131195A TW99131195A TWI430228B TW I430228 B TWI430228 B TW I430228B TW 099131195 A TW099131195 A TW 099131195A TW 99131195 A TW99131195 A TW 99131195A TW I430228 B TWI430228 B TW I430228B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2003—Display of colours
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3216—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using a passive matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
- G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
- G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
- G09G2340/0407—Resolution change, inclusive of the use of different resolutions for different screen areas
- G09G2340/0428—Gradation resolution change
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
- Color Image Communication Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
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Description
本發明涉及一種具有由RGBW(紅色,綠色,藍色和白色)子像素製成之單元像素的顯示裝置,其藉由轉換成R’G’B’W資料而顯示輸入RGB資料。
第1圖顯示了一個矩陣型有機EL(OLED)面板之點佈局的示例,該矩陣型有機EL(OLED)面板具有由原始紅色、綠色以及藍色(R、G、B)的三個子像素(點)所構成的單元像素,而第2圖顯示在R、G、B之的矩陣型EL面板的點佈局中也使用白色(W)子像素。在第2圖中,RGBW在水平方向排列,而在第3圖中RGBW一起排列在2×2的像素中。
RGBW型主要目的是藉由使用比R、G、B發光效率更高的W位元來改善面板的亮度和功率下降。作為實施RGBW型面板的方法,存在一種在每個點中發出各個顏色光的有機EL元件的方法,以及一種藉由在白色有機EL元件上交疊紅色,綠色和藍色光學濾光片實施除了W的點的方法。
第4圖為CIE1931色彩空間色度圖,並顯示了使用除了紅色、綠色和藍色(R、G、B)的普通三原色之外的白色像素的白色(W)的色度的一個示例。W不需要總是匹配顯示器的參考白色。
第5圖顯示了轉換RGB輸入信號為RGBW像素信號的方法,當R=1,G=1和B=1的時候可以顯示顯示器的參考白色。
首先,當W點的發光顏色沒有與顯示器的參考白色匹配的情況下,在輸入RGB信號上進行隨後的計算,以對W點的發光顏色執行正常化(S11)。
方程式1
在此,R、G、B為輸入信號,Rn、Gn、Bn為已經正常化的紅色、綠色以及藍色信號,而a、b、c為已選係數,從而當分別R=1/a、G=1/b和B=1/c的時候,R、G、B具有如同W=1時的相同的亮度和色度。
作為最基礎之S、F2、F3的演算運算式的示例,可以考慮以下:
S=min(Rn,Gn,Bn)...運算式2
F2(S)=-S...運算式3
F3(S)=S...運算式4
在此情況中,對於S11中獲得的(Rn、Gn、Bn),在步驟S12中,S(已經正常化的RGB分量中的最小值)利用運算式2計算(S12),並且Rn’、Gn’、Bn’藉由從Rn、Gn、Bn中減去獲得的S而得到(S13、S14)。又,S直接作為白色值(Wh)輸出(S15)。
在此情況中,可以理解地是當顯示的像素顏色接近色度顏色時,W點的點亮比例增加。與僅使用RGB的時候相比,面板的功率消耗因此隨著顯示影像內接近色度顏色的顏色比例的增加而降低。
又,與W點的發光顏色的正常化相似,當W點的發光顏色沒有與顯示器的參考白色匹配的時候,對參考白色執行最終正常化(S16)。這個對於參考白色的最終正常化執行如下。
方程式2
通常,有幾個影像僅由純色製成,幾乎沒有任何使用W點的情況,這意味著與僅使用RGB像素的時候比較,平均上總功率消耗降低。
又,當M定義為0≦M≦1,並且F2和F3中使用下面的運算式的情況下,W點的使用率依據M值改變。
F2(S)=-MS...運算式6
F3(S)=MS...運算式7
從功率消耗的觀點而言,如果M=1為最好,也就是,如果使用率為100%。然而,從視覺解析度的觀點而言,最好是選擇M值,從而所有的RGB可以盡最大程度的點亮(參考專利公開文獻1)。
第6圖為當沒有實施正常化的時候轉換方法的示意圖。對於輸入信號,在RGB內獲得最小值S(S21),並且將獲得的值S與係數M相乘而確定白色值(Wh)(S22)。輸出這個Wh同時,從各自R、G、B分量中減去(S23)以獲得最終轉換後的R’、G’、B’。
現有技術參考文獻
專利文獻1:日本JP第2006-003475A號
在具有RGBW子像素這些類型,且將W使用率設定為小於100%的顯示裝置中,在已將具有比RGBW源驅動器之D/A轉換器的輸入位元寬度更寬的位元寬度的RGB信號輸入的情況下,執行保持輸入信號階度損失最小可能的顯示。
本發明涉及一種具有由RGBW(紅色、綠色、藍色、白色)子像素所構成之單元像素,且將W使用率設定為小於100%的顯示裝置,其內輸入RGB資料的位元寬度較轉換之後的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬為寬,其中確定R’G’B’值和W值,使得各個輸入RGB資料和轉換的R’G’B’W資料內的各個RGB分量之間的差,或者從這些差加權相乘所得到的總和值的絕對值,變為最小。
本發明也旨在提供一種具有由RGBW(紅色、綠色、藍色、白色)子像素所構成的單元像素和設定小於100%的W使用率的顯示裝置,其內輸入RGB資料的位元寬度較轉換之後的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度為寬,其中確定R’G’B’值和W值,使得從輸入RGB資料和轉換的R’G’B’W資料內的RGB分量分別計算得到的色差變為最小。
也可較佳地,如果目標W使用率為m/n(這裡m和n為互為質數的正整數,並且m<n),藉由四捨五入輸入RGB資料中之三個顏色的最小值至提供至面板的位數獲得的值為Wo
,並且在小數點之後截斷n/2獲得的值表示為[n/2],從而W資料係從大於或等於Wo
-[n/2]並小於或等於Wo
+[n/2]的值範圍內選擇出。
也可較佳地,當輸入RGB資料的位元寬度為t,提供至顯示面板的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度為u,使用n為n=2(t-u)
。
<本發明的有益效果>
根據本發明,對於具有比顯示面板的最大階度數更大的階度數的輸入信號,執行階度中盡可能小的損失的顯示。
本發明實施例將在下面描述。
當t≧u,對於各個顏色輸入RGB被形成為t位,且對於各個顏色R’G’B’W被形成為u位。還有,輸入RGB上u位元整數部分和下(t-u)位元小數部分,轉換後的R’G’B’W可以看作整數。如果光量正比於輸入資料,則每個顏色的理論光量表達如下:
Lr1
=kr
R ...運算式8
Lg1
=kg
G ...運算式9
Lb1
=kb
B ...運算式10
在此,kr
,kg
和kb
為比例常數。
又,轉換之後的發光量,當W的使用率M為m/n(這裏,m和n為正整數,並且m≦n),變為:
Lr2
=kr
R'+kr
(m/n)W 運算式11
Lg2
=kg
G'
+kg
(m/n)W 運算式12
Lb2
=kb
B'+kb
(m/n)W 運算式13
如果位元寬度一樣,且階度的最大數量一樣,對於R’、G’、B’以及W,W的係數變為m/n倍R’、G’以及B’的係數,因此可以理解地是對應W的一個階度的發光量變為m/n倍R’、G’、B’的該階度的發光量。
在此,如果W’為整數,且p為整數,而且0≦p<n,進而(m/n)W表達為形式(m/n)W=W’+p/n,且運算式11至13可以重寫成:
Lr2
=kr
(R'+W'+p/n) ...運算式14
Lg2
=kg
(G'+W'+p/n) ...運算式15
Lb2
=kb
(B'+W'+p/n) ...運算式16
由於R’G’B’W的位元數小於輸入RGB的位元數,轉換中可能引起誤差,
且每個顏色的發光量中的誤差ΔLr
、ΔLg
以及ΔLb
為:
ΔLr
=Lr1
-Lr2
=kr
(R-(R’+W’+p/n)) ...運算式17
ΔLg
=Lg1
-Lg2
=kg
(G-(G'+W'+p/n)) ...運算式18
ΔLb
=Lb1
-Lb2
=kb
(B-(B'+W'+p/n)) ...運算式19
這裏,選擇R’、G’以及B’的值從而ΔLr
/kr
、ΔLg
/kg
以及ΔLb
/kb
的整數分量變為零,從而ΔLr
/kr
、ΔLg
/kg
以及ΔLb
/kb
變為小於1的值。又,p不同於W的值,且由n個候選的0、1/n、2/n、...(n-1)所選出。因此,誤差ΔLr
、ΔLg
,以及ΔLb
也各自具有n個級數,意思是如果W從這些中選擇而得到最小值,可以最小化誤差。n個候選的p/n值全部存在於從任意W至W+N-1的範圍內,且當藉由a遞增(a為小於n的正整數)以及當減小(n-a)時W的值為相同值。
對於實數x,不超過x的最大整數表達為[x],並通常,W的值使用下面運算式而獲得:
W0
=[min(R,G,B)] ...運算式20
對於上述W0
,使誤差最小的W的值在大於或等於W0
-[n/2],且小於或等於W0
+[n/2]的範圍內肯定存在,這表示是當W的使用率盡可能接近m/n的時候,可以在此範圍內選擇W以使誤差最小化。然而,必須使(m/n)W滿足
0≦(m/n)W≦min(R,G,B)
本發明實施例的結構將基於圖式在下面描述。
實施例1
第7圖為使用傳統方法,以W的使用率M=3/4,從對於每個顏色的6位元RGB輸入信號獲得每個顏色的R’、G’、B’和W的4位值的示例。
如果輸入RGB為4位元的整數部分和2位元的小數部分,則每個顏色為R=9.75、F=11.75、B=7.75,
(m/n)W0
=(m/n)[min(9.75,11.75,7.75)]=(3/4) x[7.75]=(3/4) x 7=5.25
這裏,如果R’、G’、B’使用獲得的(m/n)W0
獲得,進而:
R’=[R-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[9.75-5.25+0.5]=[5.0]=5
G’=[G-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[11.75-5.25+0.5]=[7.0]=7
B’=[B-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[7.75-5.25+0.5]=[3.0]=3
這裡,在結尾分別加入0.5從而四捨五入分數。
如果在此刻獲得R、G、B的分量r、g、b,進而
r=R'+(m/n) W0
=5+5.25=10.25
g=G'+(m/n) W0
=7+5.25=12.25
b=B'+(m/n) W0
=3+5.25=8.25
變為從每個顏色的輸入RGB偏移0.5的值。
每次從W0
的值或加或減1,每個顏色的值增加或減少m/n=3/4=0.75,並從而可以理解地是如果自W0
加入或取走2,誤差將去除。在此情況下,如果R’、G’、B’與W的新值計算
進而,當W=9的情況下
R’=[R-(m/n)W+0.5]=[9.75-6.75+0.5]=[3.5]=3
G’=[G-(m/n)W+0.5]=[11.75-6.75+0.5]=[5.5]=5
B’=[B-(m/n)W+0.5]=[7.75-6.75+0.5]=[1.5]=1
且當W=5的情況下,
R’=[R-(m/n)W+0.5]=[9.75-3.75+0.5]=[6.5]=6
G’=[G-(m/n)W+0.5]=[11.75-3.75+0.5]=[8.5]=8
B’=[B-(m/n)W+0.5]=[7.75-3.75+0.5]=[4.5]=4
對於兩種情況,輸入RGB和轉換之後的RGB分量之間的誤差變為
R-(R’+(m/n)W)=0
G-(G’+(m/n)W)=0
B-(B’+(m/n)W)=0
第8圖顯示了當W=9的情況
RGB的小數部分表達為q(1/2)(t-u)
,其中q為滿足0<q<q(t-u)
的整數。因此,當n等於2(t-u)
,p的值存在,其中p/n=q(1/2)(t-u)
,也就是,當p=q,並藉由適當的選擇W,可以使誤差為0。
根據這個實施例,上述條件滿足(t-u)=2,並當小數部分對於全部三個顏色都相同,可以使全部三個顏色的誤差為0。換句話說,可以找到直接表達輸入階度的W值。作為特定示例,當輸入具有相同RGB值的單色影像的情況下,總可以執行對應所述輸入RGB階度的顯示。
實施例2
與實施例相似,對於每個顏色的4位R’G’B’W值從每個顏色的6位元RGB輸入信號獲得,但W的使用率M為M=3/5。
第9圖為利用傳統方法獲得的示例。如果輸入RGB具有每個顏色設為R=9.75,G=11.75,和B=7.75,
(m/n)W0
=(m/n)[min(0.75,11.75,7.75)]=(3/5) x[7.75]=(3/5) x 7=4.2。
這裡,如果R’、G’、B’係使用所獲得的(m/n)W0
而獲得,進而:
R’=[R-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[9.75-4.20+0.5]=[6.05]=6
G’=[G-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[11.75-4.20+0.5]=[8.50]=8
B’=[B-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[7.75-4.20+0.5]=[4.05]=4
如果在此時獲得R、G、B的分量r、g、b,進而
r=R’+(m/n) W0
=6+4.20=10.20
g=G’+(m/n) W0
=8+4.20=12.2
b=B’+(m/n) W0
=4+4.20=8.2
在此,如果獲得輸入RGB和轉換後的RGB分量的值之間的差,
R-r=9.75-10.20=-0.45
G-g=11.75-12.20=-0.45
B-b=7.75-8.20=-0.45
藉由改變W的值獲得的p/n為0、0.2、0.4、0.6和0.8的任一值,並且最接近0.75的值為0.8。
如果1加入W0
的值,進而(m/n)W=(m/n) x 8=0.6 x 8=4.8,並可以理解地是使誤差最小接近W=7的值是W=8,其中1已經加入W0
。
如果R’、G’、B’與這個W值計算,進而
R’=[R-(m/n)W+0.5]=[9.75-4.80+0.5]=[5.45]=5
G’=[G-(m/n)W+0.5]=[11.75-4.80+0.5]=[7.45]=7
B’=[B-(m/n)W+0.5]=[7.75-4.8+0.5]=[3.45]=3
R、G、B的分量r、g、b變成:
R=R’+(m/n)W=5+4.80=9.80
g=G’+(m/n)W=7+4.80=11.80
b=B’+(m/n)W=3+4.80=7.80
以及自輸入RGB的誤差變為:
R-r=9.75-9.80=-0.05
G-g=11.75-11.80=-0.05
B-b=7.75-7.80=-0.05
第10圖顯示了當W=8時輸入RGB和轉換後的RGB分量之間的關係。
根據上述實施例,最後確定的W值的使用率比目標值m/n略微上升,但這是由於R’G’B’W的位元寬度在4位元時很小。又,當n變大,W的使用率上的所起的作用變大。
根據上述實施例,輸入RGB的小數部分全都相同,意味著W的最佳值對於任意顏色都一樣。倘若小數部分對於每個顏色都不同,最佳地應該改變選擇小數部分的值的方法如下,如下面(1)和(2)。
(1)從這個示例,確定R’G’B’值和W值,使得各個RGB資料輸入和轉換之後R’G’B’W資料中的各個RGB分量之間的差值總數的絕對值變為最小。
舉例而言,考慮到輸入RGB和2位元的R’G’B’W輸入之間的位元寬度差,將考慮R=9.75,G=11.25和B=7.00的輸入。當W的使用率M=3/5,(m/n)W0
=(m/n)[min(9.75,11.25,7.00)]=(3/5) x[7.00]=(3/5) x 7=4.20。
在此,如果使用獲得的(m/n)W0
獲得R’、G’、B’,進而:
R’=[R-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[9.75-4.20+0.5=[6.05]=6
G’=[G-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[11.25-4.20+0.5=[7.55]=7
B’=[B-(m/n) W0
+0.5]=[7.00-4.20+0.5=[3.3]=3
如果此時獲得R、G、B的分量r、g、b,進而
r=R’+(m/n) W0
=6+4.20=10.20
g=G’+(m/n) W0
=7+4.20=11.20
b=B’+(m/n) W0
=3+4.20=7.2
在此,如果獲得輸入RGB和轉換之後RGB分量的值之間的差,
R-r=9.75-10.20=-0.45
G-g=11.25-11.20=0.05
B-b=7.00-7.20=-0.20
各個輸入RGB和轉換之後RGB分量之間得差的總和的絕對值變為:
∣(R-r)+(G-g)+(B-b)∣=∣(9.75-10.2)+(11.25-11.20)+(7.00-7.20)∣=0.6
相似地,如果差的總和的絕對值在W設為(W0
-2)、(W0
-1)、(W0
+1)以及(W0
+2),進而分別獲得
∣(9.75-10.00)+(11.25-11.00)+(7.00-7.00)∣=0.00
∣(9.75-9.60)+(11.25-11.60)+(7.00-6.60)∣=0.20
∣(9.75-9.80)+(11.25-10.80)+(7.00-6.80)∣=0.62
∣(9.75-9.40)+(11.25-11.40)+(7.00-7.40)∣=0.20,並在它們之間,分量最小值0.00的W的值變為(W0
-2)=5。
還可以用藉由對分別的差值乘上以一權值。舉例而言,亮度分量對視覺的階度特性起很大的作用,但亮度分量的大小對於每個顏色都不同。因此,較佳地對每個顏色的亮度分量乘上以一適當的權值。如果RGB的每個顏色的權值分別為0.3、0.6和1,分別獲得
∣0.3(9.75-10.20)+0.6(11.25-11.20)+0.1(7.00-7.20)∣=0.125
∣0.3(9.75-10.00)+0.6(11.25-11.00)+0.1(7.00-7.20)∣=0.075
∣0.3(9.75-9.60)+0.6(11.25-11.60)+0.1(7.00-6.60)∣=0.125
∣0.3(9.75-9.80)+0.6(11.25-10.80)+0.1(7.00-6.80)∣=0.275
∣0.3(9.75-9.40)+0.6(11.25-11.40)+0.1(7.00-7.40)∣=0.025,並在它們中,組成最小值0.025的W值變為(W0
+2)=9。
第11圖為確定部分的方塊圖。
W基於輸入RGB的最小值進行多個類別確定。此時,藉由對W0
加上-[n/2]至+[n/2]中的整數,該W0
係藉由將輸入RGB的最小值min(R、G、B)四捨五入成位元的特定數而獲得的值,從而確定W(S31)。這裡,[n/2]為截斷小數點後獲得的值。還有,藉由在輸入RGB資料中截斷最小值並四捨五入提供至面板的位元數而獲得的值為W0
=[min(R、G、B)],作為W的基礎值,但當四捨五入提供至面板的位元數時,可以藉由在小數點後向下或向上四捨五入進行。
接下來,(m/n)W加上獲得的R’、G’、B’,並且在此時獲得RGB分量中的r、g、b(S32)。然後,基於對應每個W所獲得的r、g、b,計算自原始RGB的誤差的一個總絕對值(S34)。舉例而言,總誤差利用加權獲得。然後W的值藉由從獲得的誤差的絕對值中選擇最小值而確定(S35)。
(2)根據第11圖的示例,確定W而使得各個RGB的總誤差變為最小。舉例而言,確定W使得如L*u*v*,或L*a*b*之色度座標系統的顏色差變為最小。
根據兩個系統,利用1976年CIE建議的色度座標系統,確定座標系統內的固定距離,使得在任意區域中都幾乎是感知統一率存在誤差。因此,獲得變換前後的L*u*v*或L*a*b*,且選擇分數部分的值,使得下面各個運算式定義的色差變為最小。
ΔEuv=((ΔL*)2
+(Δu*)2
+(Δv*)2
)1/2
...運算式21
在此,ΔL*、Δu*以及Δv*分別為轉換前後L*、u*以及v*之間的差。
ΔEab=((ΔL*)2
+(Δa*)2
+(Δb*)2
)1/2
...運算式22
在此,ΔL*、Δa*以及Δb*分別為轉換前後L*、a*和b*之間的差。
還有,為了簡化,可以僅計算ΔL*,並選擇W的值從而變為最小。
第12圖為確定部分的方塊圖,並在這個圖示說明中給定採用如L*a*b*得顏色系統。在S41和S42中,r、g、b在與第11圖相同的情況下計算。所獲得的r、g、b進而轉換為L*、a*和b*(S43)。接下來,將自在S43中獲得的R’G’B’W轉換後的r、g、b而獲得的L*、a*以及b*與在S44中直接將輸入RGB轉換為L*、a*與b*獲得的L*、a*與b*作比較,並計算誤差總和(S45)。在此情況中也可以進行加權計算。從結果中進而選擇最低的誤差,從而確定W的值(S46)。
以此方式,根據實施例,當從RGB資料轉換為R’G’B’W資料的時候,可以獲得最佳轉換。
這個實施例的顯示裝置的總體結構如第13圖所示。輸入用於顯示器的RGB資料至RGB至R’G’B’W轉換部分。這個RGB至R’G’B’W轉換部分10藉由基於RGB資料的最小值和W的使用率確定W,從而轉換之前的RGB資料與轉換後的R’G’B’W資料中RGB分量的r、g、b之間的差變小,如上所述。所獲得的R’G’B’W資料進而發送至有機發光面板12,並藉由基於該資料控制每個像素的發光而進行顯示。
10...RGB至R’G’B’W轉換部分
12...有機發光面板
R...紅色
G...綠色
B...藍色
W...白色
S...最小值
R’...轉換後的紅色
G’...轉換後的綠色
B’...轉換後的藍色
Wh...白色值
t...RGB資料的位元寬度
u...R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度
r、g、b...R、G、B的分量
S11、S12、S13、S14、S15、S16、S21、S22、S23、S31、S32、S34、S35、S41、S42、S43、S44、S45、S46...步驟
所附圖式其中提供關於本發明實施例的進一步理解並且結合與構成本說明書的一部份,說明本發明的實施例並且描述一同提供對於本發明實施例之原則的解釋。
第1圖為顯示使用RGB點的有機EL面板的子像素結構示例圖示;
第2圖為顯示使用RGBW點的有機EL面板的子像素結構示例圖示;
第3圖為顯示使用RGBW點的有機EL面板的子像素結構示例的圖示;
第4圖為說明純色RGBW在CIE1931顏色空間色度圖中的顏色位置的圖示;
第5圖為顯示將RGB輸入信號轉換為RGBW影像信號的處理示例的圖示;
第6圖為顯示將RGB輸入信號轉換為RGBW影像信號的另一處理示例的圖示;
第7圖為顯示輸入RGB和轉換後的R’G’B’W之狀態示例的圖示;
第8圖為顯示輸入RGB和轉換後的R’G’B’W之狀態的再一示例的圖示;
第9圖為顯示輸入RGB和轉換後的R’G’B’W之狀態的又一示例的圖示;
第10圖為顯示輸入RGB和轉換後的R’G’B’W之狀態的另一示例的圖示;
第11圖為顯示執行判斷以確定W的結構示例圖示;
第12圖為顯示執行判斷以確定W的結構示例圖示;以及
第13圖為顯示顯示裝置結構的圖示。
10...RGB至R’G’B’W轉換部分
12...有機發光面板
R...紅色
G...綠色
B...藍色
W...白色
R’...轉換後的紅色
G’...轉換後的綠色
B’...轉換後的藍色
t...RGB資料的位元寬度
u...R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度
Claims (4)
- 一種顯示裝置,具有由RGBW(紅色、綠色、藍色、白色)子像素所構成的單元像素,且W的使用率設定為小於100%,其內輸入RGB資料的位元寬度較轉換後的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度為寬,其中確定R’G’B’值和W值,使得各個輸入RGB資料和轉換的R’G’B’W資料內的各個RGB分量之間的差,或者從這些差加權相乘所得到的總和值的絕對值,變為最小。
- 一種顯示裝置,具有由RGBW(紅色、綠色、藍色、白色)子像素所構成的單元像素,且W的使用率設定為小於100%,其內輸入RGB資料的位元寬度較轉換後的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度為寬,其中確定R’G’B’值和W值,使得從輸入RGB資料和轉換的R’G’B’W資料內的RGB分量分別計算所得到的色差變為最小。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的顯示裝置,其中如果W使用率的目標值為m/n(這裏m和n為互為質數的正整數,並且m<n),由四捨五入輸入RGB資料之三個顏色中的最小值至提供至面板的位元數所獲得的值為Wo ,並且在小數點之後截斷n/2所獲得的值表示為〔n/2〕,從而W資料係由大於或等於Wo -〔n/2〕並小於或等於Wo +〔n/2〕的值範圍內選擇出。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的顯示裝置,當輸入RGB資料的位元寬度為t,而提供至顯示面板的R’G’B’W資料的位元寬度為u時,使用n為n=2(t-u) 。
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-
2009
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2010
- 2010-09-15 KR KR1020127009727A patent/KR101720706B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-15 TW TW099131195A patent/TWI430228B/zh active
- 2010-09-15 CN CN201080040477.2A patent/CN102483898B/zh active Active
- 2010-09-15 US US13/390,934 patent/US9799303B2/en active Active
- 2010-09-15 EP EP10817729.6A patent/EP2478517B1/en active Active
- 2010-09-15 WO PCT/US2010/048852 patent/WO2011034872A1/en active Application Filing
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EP2478517A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
TW201124968A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
KR20120064112A (ko) | 2012-06-18 |
CN102483898B (zh) | 2014-12-03 |
WO2011034872A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
EP2478517B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
CN102483898A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
US9799303B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
US20120268353A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
KR101720706B1 (ko) | 2017-03-28 |
EP2478517A4 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
JP2011064959A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
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