TWI423554B - 互動式充電管理系統及其方法 - Google Patents

互動式充電管理系統及其方法 Download PDF

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TWI423554B
TWI423554B TW099145275A TW99145275A TWI423554B TW I423554 B TWI423554 B TW I423554B TW 099145275 A TW099145275 A TW 099145275A TW 99145275 A TW99145275 A TW 99145275A TW I423554 B TWI423554 B TW I423554B
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charging
power
power information
management system
battery
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TW099145275A
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TW201228186A (en
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江文書
簡金品
林安宏
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財團法人工業技術研究院
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Priority to TW099145275A priority Critical patent/TWI423554B/zh
Priority to CN201110027581.4A priority patent/CN102545298B/zh
Priority to US13/028,219 priority patent/US8508187B2/en
Publication of TW201228186A publication Critical patent/TW201228186A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/67Controlling two or more charging stations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036Charger exchanging data with battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/70Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12Remote or cooperative charging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

互動式充電管理系統及其方法
本發明是有關於一種充電管理方案,且特別是有關於一種適用於電動車的互動式充電管理系統及其方法。
自工業革命以來,以石化能源為發動基礎的發動機(引擎)解決了人類交通的問題,但卻造成了極為嚴重的空氣污染、環保與溫室效應的問題,並且隨著油價飆漲,全球科學家都極力在能源與交通上尋求解決之道。而電動車(electric vehicles)的研發則可解決一般汽、機車行進時排放之廢氣,所造成之空氣污染及溫室效應等問題。
一般而言,電動車(含插電式複合動力車)可在停車之場所(如公私立停車場與公寓大樓等)所設置的充電柱(charging post)進行電力補充(或稱為充電),而現有的停車場與公寓大樓需與電力公司訂定用電契約容量,藉以定義出一總電力消耗量(kVA)。一旦實際的用電量高於所定義之總電力消耗量的話,就會造成停電(亦即跳電)。
由此可知,設置有關聯於電動車之充電設施的場所需要妥善管理充電電力整體的消耗量,藉以避免用電量過大所造成之停電的窘境。
傳統的充電管理方式都是採用均勻分配的概念以解決用電量過大所造成之停電的問題。舉例來說,如圖1所示,假如某一場所與電力公司所訂定的用電契約容量為50kVA,而且該場所設置有4個充電柱C1~C4的話,則當這4個充電柱C1~C4各別耦接/連接上對應的電動車EV1~EV4時,則每一個充電柱C1~C4就只能提供12.5kVA(50kVA/4)的充電電力給對應的電動車EV1~EV4。可見得,傳統的充電管理方式係在固定交流電力(110ACV或220ACV)的條件下,採用均流的手段來解決停電的問題。
然而,由於每一台電動車的充電需求不一(因為每一台電動車之電池所殘餘的電力可能都不盡相同),所以傳統採用均流手段的充電管理方式並非是最佳的解決方案(solution)(因為有些殘餘電力較多的電動車並不需要那麼多的充電電力)。
有鑒於此,本發明提供一種互動式充電管理系統,其包括:一第一充電柱,用以提供一第一可用電力資訊與一第一充電電力;一第一電動車,耦接該第一充電柱,用以根據該第一充電柱所提供的該第一可用電力資訊與該第一充電電力而進行充電;以及一遠端控制中心,耦接該第一充電柱,用以根據該第一電動車的一第一需用電力資訊而動態地調整該第一可用電力資訊,從而改變該第一充電電力。其中,該第一電動車透過該第一充電柱以傳送該第一需用電力資訊給該遠端控制中心。
本發明另提供一種適於多台電動車的互動式充電管理方法,其包括:根據該些電動車各別的一需用電力資訊而動態地調整與該些電動車各別對應且耦接之多個充電柱所各別提供的一可用電力資訊;以及根據該些已調整過的可用電力資訊而致使該些充電柱非均勻地提供多個充電電力給各別的電動車。
應瞭解的是,上述一般描述及以下具體實施方式僅為例示性及闡釋性的,其並不能限制本發明所欲主張之範圍。
現將詳細參考本發明之示範性實施例,在附圖中說明所述示範性實施例之實例。另外,凡可能之處,在圖式及實施方式中使用相同標號的元件/構件代表相同或類似部分。
圖2繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理系統(interactive charging management system)20的示意圖。請參照圖2,互動式充電管理系統20可以包括多台電動車(electric vehicles)EV1~EVn、多個充電柱(charging posts)C1~Cn,以及遠端控制中心(far end control center)F。其中,第i台電動車EVi(i=1~n)根據可用電力資訊(usable power information)UI_i與充電電力(charging power)P_i而進行充電。舉例來說,第1台電動車EV1根據可用電力資訊UI_1與充電電力P_1而進行充電;請依此類推,故不再贅述之。
另外,第i個充電柱Ci耦接第i台電動車EVi,用以提供可用電力資訊UI_i與充電電力P_i給第i台電動車EVi。舉例來說,第1個充電柱C1耦接第1台電動車EV1,用以提供可用電力資訊UI_1與充電電力P_1給第1台電動車EV1;請依此類推,故不再贅述之。
再者,遠端控制中心F耦接所有的充電柱C1~Cn,用以根據電動車EV1~EVn各別的需用電力資訊(demand power information)DI_1~DI_n而動態地調整充電柱C1~Cn各別所提供的可用電力資訊UI_1~UI_n,從而改變充電柱C1~Cn各別所提供的充電電力P_1~P_n。舉例來說,遠端控制中心F可以根據電動車EV1的需用電力資訊DI_1而動態地調整充電柱C1所提供的可用電力資訊UI_1,從而改變充電柱C1所提供的充電電力P_1;請依此類推,故不再贅述之。
於本示範性實施例中,由於每一台電動車EV1~EVn的充電架構類似,而且每一個充電柱C1~Cn的硬體架構也類似。因此,以下先針對單一電動車EV1與單一充電柱C1來進行說明,而其他的電動車EV2~EVn與其他的充電柱C2~Cn請依此類推,故不再贅述之。
圖3繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之電動車EV1的充電架構示意圖。請參照圖3,電動車EV1可以包括電池(battery)301、電池管理系統(battery management system,BMS)303、充電器(charger)305、充電控制器(charging controller)307,以及收發器(transceiver)309。其中,電池管理系統303耦接電池301,用以偵測電池301的殘餘電力,並且根據所偵測的殘餘電力與充電柱C1所提供的可用電力資訊UI_1(其對應一個上限值),而決定充電策略(charging strategy)以及產生與所決定之充電策略相關聯的需用電力資訊DI_1。
充電器305耦接電池301,用以接收充電柱C1所提供的充電電力P_1,並且反應於充電控制器307所產生的充電控制訊號(charging control signal)CCS而傳輸所接收的充電電力P_1,藉以對電池301進行充電。充電控制器307耦接電池管理系統303與充電器305,用以根據電池管理系統303所決定的充電策略而產生充電控制訊號CCS,藉以控制充電器305傳輸至電池301的充電電力P_1。換言之,充電控制器307會根據電池管理系統303所決定的充電策略來調整充電器305對電池301進行充電時的充電功率。
收發器309耦接電池管理系統303與充電控制器307,用以接收並傳送充電柱C1所提供的可用電力資訊UI_1至充電控制器307。如此一來,電池管理系統303即可透過充電控制器307而得知充電柱C1所提供的可用電力資訊UI_1。而且,電池管理系統303更可以透過收發器309以傳送所產生的需用電力資訊DI_1至充電柱C1。可見得,電動車EV1與充電柱C1之間具備有雙向通訊的機制。
另一方面,圖4繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之充電柱C1的硬體架構示意圖。請合併參照圖3與圖4,充電柱C1可以包括充電柱控制器(charging post controller)401、電源開關(power switch)403,以及電表(electric meter)405。其中,充電柱控制器401用以提供可用電力資訊UI_1給收發器309,以及接收並傳送收發器309所傳送的需用電力資訊DI_1至遠端控制中心F。
電源開關403耦接於充電柱控制器401與充電器305之間。而且,充電柱控制器401更用以控制電源開關403的運作(亦即導通(turn on)或關閉(turn off)),藉以決定是否提供充電電力P_1給充電器305。電表405耦接電源開關403,用以接收市電電力(city power),並且於充電柱控制器401控制電源開關403導通時,傳送與量測提供至充電器305的充電電力P_1。
於本示範性實施例中,當充電柱C1傳送至充電器305的充電電力P_1過載時,則充電柱控制器401更可以控制電源開關403關閉,從而致使充電柱C1停止供電,進而保護電池301及/或充電器305;反之,則致使充電柱C1持續供電以對電池301進行充電。一旦充電柱C1因過載緣故而停止供電時,則電池管理系統303就會調整其先前所決定的充電策略,直至充電柱C1傳送至充電器305的充電電力P_1不過載為止。
再者,圖5繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之遠端控制中心F的架構示意圖。請合併參照圖3~圖5,遠端控制中心F可以包括收發器501與遠端控制器(far end controller)503。其中,由於充電柱C1~Cn會各別接收與傳送電動車EV1~EVn各別的需用電力資訊DI_1~DI_n給遠端控制中心F。因此,收發器501便可透過有線或無線的方式(包含網路的型式)以接收充電柱C1~Cn所各別傳送的需用電力資訊DI_1~DI_n給遠端控制器503,從而使得遠端控制器503可以根據收發器501所接收的需用電力資訊DI_1~DI_n,而透過收發器501以動態地調整充電柱C1~Cn所各別提供的可用電力資訊UI_1~UI_n。可見得,遠端控制中心F與充電柱C1之間也具備有雙向通訊的機制。
於本示範性實施例中,充電柱C1~Cn所各別提供的充電電力P_1~P_n之總和可以小於等於一總電力消耗量,且此總電力消耗量係由與電力公司所訂定的用電契約容量所決定。由此可知,遠端控制器503會在總電力消耗量內動態地調整充電柱C1~Cn所各別提供的可用電力資訊UI_1~UI_n,藉以避免用電量過大而停電的問題。另外,充電柱C1~Cn所各別提供的充電電力P_1~P_n可以相異。換言之,當所有的充電柱C1~Cn各別耦接/連接上對應的電動車EV1~EVn時,每一個充電柱C1~Cn可以提供相異的(亦即非均勻的)充電電力P_1~P_n給對應的電動車EV1~EVn。
更清楚來說,圖6繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之關聯於電動車的充電管理方式示意圖。請參照圖6,假如某一場合與電力公司所訂定的用電契約容量為50kVA,而且該場所設置有4個充電柱C1~C4的話,則當這4個充電柱C1~C4各別耦接/連接上對應的電動車EV1~EV4時,則這4個充電柱C1~C4可以反應於電動車EV1~EV4各別的需求用電資訊DI_1~DI_4,而非均勻地提供例如為7kVA、1kVA、25kVA、17kVA的充電電力P_1~P_4給對應的電動車EV1~EV4。顯然地,本示範性實施例係採用非均流的充電管理方式來分配相異的充電電力給各別的電動車。如此一來,即可滿足每一台電動車的實際充電需求。
換言之,由於每一台電動車EV1~EV4之電池301所殘餘的電力不盡相同,所以遠端控制中心F就會在總電力消耗量(亦即50kVA)內,非均勻地分配充電電力P_1~P_4給各別的電動車EV1~EV4,亦即:分配較多的充電電力給殘餘電力較少的電動車(例如電動車EV3與EV4),而分配較少的充電電力給殘餘電力較多的電動車(例如電動車EV1與EV2)。
基於上述各示範性實施例所揭示/教示的內容,圖7繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理方法的流程圖。請參照圖7,本示範性實施例之互動式充電管理方法適於多台電動車,且其包括:根據該些電動車各別的需用電力資訊而動態地調整與該些電動車各別對應且耦接之多個充電柱所各別提供的可用電力資訊(步驟S701);以及根據該些已調整過的可用電力資訊而致使該些充電柱非均勻地提供多個充電電力給各別的電動車(步驟S703)。於本示範性實施例中,所有充電柱各別提供的充電電力之總和可以小於等於一總電力消耗量,且此總電力消耗量係由與電力公司所訂定的用電契約容量所決定。
綜上所述,上述示範性實施例所提的互動式充電管理系統與方法可以在總電力消耗量內非均勻地分配充電電力給各別的電動車。如此一來,不但可以滿足每一台電動車的實際充電需求,而且還可以避免用電量過大所造成之停電的窘境與問題。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,故本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。另外,本發明的任一實施例或申請專利範圍不須達成本發明所揭露之全部目的或優點或特點。此外,摘要部分和標題僅是用來輔助專利文件搜尋之用,並非用來限制本發明之權利範圍。
20...互動式充電管理系統
C1~Cn...充電柱
EV1~EVn...電動車
F...遠端控制中心
P_1~P_n...充電電力
DI_1~DI_n...需用電力資訊
UI_1~UI_n...可用電力資訊
CCS...充電控制訊號
301...電池
303...電池管理系統
305...充電器
307...充電控制器
309、501...收發器
401...充電柱控制器
403...電源開關
405...電表
503...遠端控制器
S701、S703...本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理方法的流程圖各步驟
下面的所附圖式是本發明的說明書的一部分,繪示了本發明的示例實施例,所附圖式與說明書的描述一起說明本發明的原理。
圖1繪示為傳統關聯於電動車的充電管理方式示意圖。
圖2繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理系統的示意圖。
圖3繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之有關電動車的充電架構示意圖。
圖4繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之充電柱的硬體架構示意圖。
圖5繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之遠端控制中心的架構示意圖。
圖6繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之關聯於電動車的充電管理方式示意圖。
圖7繪示為本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理方法的流程圖。
S701~S703...本發明一示範性實施例之互動式充電管理方法的流程圖各步驟

Claims (13)

  1. 一種互動式充電管理系統,包括:一第一充電柱,用以提供一第一可用電力資訊與一第一充電電力;一第一電動車,耦接該第一充電柱,用以根據該第一充電柱所提供的該第一可用電力資訊與該第一充電電力而進行充電;以及一遠端控制中心,耦接該第一充電柱,用以根據該第一電動車的一第一需用電力資訊而動態地調整該第一可用電力資訊,從而改變該第一充電電力,其中,該第一電動車透過該第一充電柱以傳送該第一需用電力資訊給該遠端控制中心。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之互動式充電管理系統,更包括:一第二充電柱,用以提供一第二可用電力資訊與一第二充電電力;以及一第二電動車,耦接該第二充電柱,用以根據該第二充電柱所提供的該第二可用電力資訊與該第二充電電力而進行充電,其中,該遠端控制中心更耦接該第二充電柱,用以根據該第二電動車的一第二需用電力資訊而動態地調整該第二可用電力資訊,從而改變該第二充電電力;以及其中,該第二電動車透過該第二充電柱以傳送該第二需用電力資訊給該遠端控制中心。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第一電動車包括:一電池;一電池管理系統,耦接該電池,用以偵測該電池的一殘餘電力,並且根據該殘餘電力與該第一可用電力資訊,而決定一充電策略以及產生與該充電策略相關聯的該第一需用電力資訊;一充電器,耦接該電池,用以接收該第一充電電力,並且反應於一充電控制訊號而傳輸該第一充電電力以對該電池進行充電;一充電控制器,耦接該電池管理系統與該充電器,用以根據該充電策略而產生該充電控制訊號,藉以控制該充電器傳輸至該電池的該第一充電電力;以及一第一收發器,耦接該電池管理系統與該充電控制器,用以接收並傳送該第一可用電力資訊至該充電控制器,其中,該電池管理系統透過該充電控制器以得知該第一可用電力資訊,且該電池管理系統更透過該第一收發器以傳送該第一需用電力資訊。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第一充電柱包括:一充電柱控制器,用以提供該第一可用電力資訊給該第一收發器,以及接收並傳送該第一收發器所傳送的該第一需用電力資訊至該遠端控制中心;一電源開關,耦接於該充電柱控制器與該充電器之間,其中該充電柱控制器更用以控制該電源開關的運作,藉以決定是否提供該第一充電電力給該充電器;以及一電表,耦接該電源開關,用以接收一市電電力,並且於該充電柱控制器控制該電源開關導通時,傳送與量測提供至該充電器的該第一充電電力。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第二電動車包括:一電池;一電池管理系統,耦接該電池,用以偵測該電池的一殘餘電力,並且根據該殘餘電力與該第二可用電力資訊,而決定一充電策略以及產生與該充電策略相關聯的該第二需用電力資訊;一充電器,耦接該電池,用以接收該第二充電電力,並且反應於一充電控制訊號而傳輸該第二充電電力以對該電池進行充電;一充電控制器,耦接該電池管理系統與該充電器,用以根據該充電策略而產生該充電控制訊號,藉以控制該充電器傳輸至該電池的該第二充電電力;以及一第一收發器,耦接該電池管理系統與該充電控制器,用以接收並傳送該第二可用電力資訊至該充電控制器,其中,該電池管理系統透過該充電控制器以得知該第二可用電力資訊,且該電池管理系統更透過該第一收發器以傳送該第二需用電力資訊。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第二充電柱包括:一充電柱控制器,用以提供該第二可用電力資訊給該第一收發器,以及接收並傳送該第一收發器所傳送的該第二需用電力資訊至該遠端控制中心;一電源開關,耦接於該充電柱控制器與該充電器之間,其中該充電柱控制器更用以控制該電源開關的運作,藉以決定是否提供該第一充電電力給該充電器;以及一電表,耦接該電源開關,用以接收一市電電力,並且於該充電柱控制器控制該電源開關導通時,傳送與量測提供至該充電器的該第二充電電力。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第一與該第二充電柱更用以各別接收與傳送該第一與該第二需用電力資訊給該遠端控制中心,而該遠端控制中心包括:一第二收發器,用以接收該第一與該第二充電柱所各別傳送的該第一與該第二需用電力資訊;以及一遠端控制器,耦接該第二收發器,其中該遠端控制器根據該第二收發器所接收的該第一與該第二需用電力資訊,而透過該第二收發器以動態地調整該第一與該第二充電柱所各別提供的該第一與該第二可用電力資訊。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第一與該第二充電柱各別所提供之該第一與該第二充電電力的總和小於等於一總電力消耗量。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該總電力消耗量由一用電契約容量所決定。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之互動式充電管理系統,其中該第一與該第二充電柱各別所提供之該第一與該第二充電電力相異。
  11. 一種互動式充電管理方法,適於多台電動車,而該互動式充電管理方法包括:根據該些電動車各別的一需用電力資訊而動態地調整與該些電動車各別對應且耦接之多個充電柱所各別提供的一可用電力資訊;以及根據該些已調整過的可用電力資訊而致使該些充電柱非均勻地提供多個充電電力給各別的電動車。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之互動式充電管理方法,其中該些充電電力的總和小於等於一總電力消耗量。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之互動式充電管理方法,其中該總電力消耗量由一用電契約容量所決定。
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