TWI418431B - Phase alignment method and phase alignment device of helical wheel - Google Patents

Description

Phase alignment method of spiral grinding wheel and phase aligning device

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a phase alignment method and a phase alignment device for a helical grinding wheel in which a spiral grinding wheel is phase-aligned with respect to a dish dresser prior to splicing of a spiral grinding wheel and a workpiece or a dish dresser. .

In the past, a gear grinding machine which is a workpiece to be processed after heat treatment and which is ground using a grinding tool, that is, a grinding wheel, is provided, and the gear grinding machine for trimming the tooth surface of the workpiece can be efficiently processed. The gear grinding machine is in a state in which the grinding wheel and the workpiece are engaged, and the workpieces are ground by the synchronous rotation. Therefore, if the nip accuracy is insufficient, the tooth surface of the workpiece may be unevenly ground, or an excessive load may be applied to the grinding wheel. Reduce the life of the grinding wheel.

Therefore, in order to accurately engage the grinding wheel and the workpiece for such a gear grinding machine, the phase alignment of the phase alignment of the two is performed before the nip during the grinding, so that the cutting edge (concavity and convexity) of the grinding wheel and the cogging of the workpiece (Concave and convex) becomes an appropriate phase relationship. As described above, a method of performing phase alignment between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is disclosed, for example, in Patent Document 1.

[Advanced technical literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-138438

The above-mentioned previous phase alignment method is to slide the grinding wheel on the workpiece in the axial direction thereof, and the contact moment and the non-contact instant when the grinding wheel passes over the workpiece thread groove by the AE sensor are detected, and calculated according to the detection result. The intermediate position of the thread groove allows the grinding wheel to move the workpiece in the direction of its axis in the opposite direction, thereby performing phase alignment of the grinding wheel and the workpiece. However, the above-mentioned previous method is only a moment for the detection of whether the grinding wheel contacts the workpiece, so it is difficult to obtain good accuracy detection.

In addition, the gear grinding machine grinds the workpiece using the grinding wheel trimmed by the dresser, so that not only the phase alignment of the grinding wheel and the workpiece during the grinding, but also the phase alignment of the grinding wheel and the dresser during the trimming, the same The problem arises.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a phase alignment method for a spiral grinding wheel capable of accurately detecting the contact and non-contact of a spiral grinding wheel and precisely performing phase alignment of a spiral grinding wheel. And phase alignment device.

In the phase alignment method of the spiral grinding wheel according to the first aspect of the invention, the phase alignment of the spiral grinding wheel with respect to the dresser is performed before the engagement of the spiral grinding wheel and the dresser is performed during trimming. A method for aligning a spiral grinding wheel, wherein the spiral grinding wheel is rotated in one direction to detect an elastic wave generated when a blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel contacts a blade surface of the dresser, When the spiral grinding wheel has contacted the dresser, if the measured value of the one side of the elastic wave does not exceed the specified value, the number of rotations of the dresser is increased until the measured value of the one direction side exceeds the specified value. When the measured value of one direction side exceeds the specified value, the phase of one side of the spiral grinding wheel is stored, and then the spiral grinding wheel is rotated in the other direction, and the other blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel is in contact with the dresser. The elastic wave generated when one of the blade faces is detected, when the above-mentioned spiral grinding wheel has contacted the above-mentioned dresser, but its bomb When the measured value of the other direction side corresponding to the wave does not exceed the predetermined value, the number of rotations of the dresser is increased until the measured value of the other direction side exceeds the specified value, and the measured value of the other direction side exceeds the specification. The phase of the other side of the spiral grinding wheel is stored in the value, and the spiral grinding wheel is positioned in a phase that can be engaged according to the one-direction side phase and the other-direction side phase of the spiral grinding wheel.

A phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel according to a second aspect of the present invention is a phase alignment of the spiral grinding wheel with respect to the dresser before trimming of the spiral grinding wheel and the dresser during trimming A phase alignment device for a quasi-spiral grinding wheel, comprising: a detecting means capable of detecting an elastic wave generated when the spiral grinding wheel is in rotational contact with the dresser; and an elastic wave detected by the detecting means When the corresponding measured value exceeds the specified value, it is determined that the spiral grinding wheel has contacted the dresser; and when the spiral grinding wheel contacts the dresser and the measured value does not exceed the specified value, the above-mentioned setting may be set. The number of rotations of the dresser is such that the measured value exceeds the specified value of the dresser rotation number setting means; and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel at the time of contact is determined by the determining means, and the spiral grinding wheel is positioned at the occludable phase of the grinding wheel Phase control means.

A phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel according to a third aspect of the present invention, characterized in that the dresser rotation number setting means gradually increases the number of rotations of the dresser.

According to the phase alignment method and the phase alignment device of the spiral grinding wheel according to the present invention, it is determined whether the spiral grinding wheel has contacted the dresser according to the measured value corresponding to the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel when the trimmer is contacted, when the spiral When the grinding wheel contacts the dresser but the measured value does not exceed the specified value, the number of rotations of the dresser is increased, whereby the contact and non-contact of the spiral grinding wheel can be detected with high precision, and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel with respect to the dresser can be precisely performed. alignment.

[Best Embodiment of the Invention]

Hereinafter, the phase alignment method and the phase alignment device of the spiral grinding wheel according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Examples]

A gear grinding machine 1 to which a phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel according to the present invention is applied, as shown in Fig. 2, a workpiece (machined gear) W of an internal gear material is ground by a barrel-shaped spiral grinding wheel 14, and As shown in FIG. 1, it has a trimming function for trimming the spiral grinding wheel 14 by the dish dresser 32.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the gear grinding machine 1 is supported by a movable and rotatable grinding wheel head 11. The grinding wheel head 11 rotatably supports a main shaft 12, and a front end of the main shaft 12 is formed with a grinding wheel spindle 13. Next, the front end of the grinding wheel spindle 13 is detachably attached to the spiral grinding wheel 14. That is, by driving the grinding wheel head 11, the spiral grinding wheel 14 can be rotationally driven through the grinding wheel spindle 13 of the main shaft 12.

A rotating platform 21 is rotatably supported on the front surface of the grinding wheel head 11, and the workpiece W is detachably attached to the upper surface of the rotating platform 21 via a mounting fixture (not shown). That is, the workpiece W can be rotationally driven by driving the rotary stage 21.

On the side of the rotary table 21, a dresser drive portion 31 is movably supported, and the dresser drive portion 31 is mounted with a detachable dish dresser 32. That is, the disk dresser 32 can be rotationally driven by driving the dresser driving portion 31.

An AE (Acoustic Emission) fluid sensor (detection means) 42 of an acoustic emission type is supported by the holder 41 on the front end surface of the grinding wheel head 11. The AE fluid sensor 42 detects an elastic wave caused by vibration or friction generated in the material through the injected fluid, and the elastic wave is treated by an AE signal, and has a coolant C which can be used as a fluid. An injection hole 42a that is sprayed at the measurement position of the grinding wheel spindle 13 and a detection portion 42b that detects the elastic wave propagated through the coolant C from the measurement position. Further, the injection hole 42a of the AE fluid sensor 42 is connected to the coolant tank 43, and the detection portion 42b is connected to the AE sense amplifier 44.

Further, the coolant C supplied from the coolant tank 43 to the AE fluid sensor 42, for example, grinding oil, whose cooling hydraulic pressure and injection flow rate are adjustable according to the distance between the AE fluid sensor 42 and the measurement position.

In other words, the AE fluid sensor 42 is configured to eject the cooling liquid C supplied from the coolant tank 43 from the injection hole 42a to the measurement position of the grinding wheel spindle 13, thereby transmitting the elastic wave of the generated spiral grinding wheel 14 through the cooling. After the liquid C is detected by the detecting unit 42b, the detected elastic wave is input to the AE sense amplifier 44 by the AE signal. Next, as shown in Fig. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 converts the input AE signal into a voltage (measured value) V, and displays the voltage V at any time.

Further, the gear grinding machine 1 is provided with an NC device (determination means, dresser rotation number setting means, grinding wheel phase control means) 50. The NC device 50 is connected, for example, to the grinding wheel head 11, the rotary table 21, the dresser drive unit 31, the AE sense amplifier 44, and the like, and is configured to perform the workpiece of the spiral grinding wheel 14 in accordance with various basic conditions or processing conditions of the input workpiece. W-grinding control, or performing the dressing control of the spiral grinding wheel 14 of the dish dresser 32, and simultaneously determining the elastic wave size according to the AE fluid sensor 42 before the above-mentioned grinding or trimming (tooth alignment). The contact and non-contact of the spiral grinding wheel 14 with the workpiece W or the dish dresser 32 are determined, and the phase adjustment of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is performed.

Therefore, when the workpiece W is polished by the spiral grinding wheel 14, first, as shown in Fig. 2, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is moved to the workpiece W attached to the rotary table 21. Next, after the spiral grinding wheel 14 is moved to the workpiece W side, the approximate phase alignment (coarse phase alignment) is performed to avoid the tip of the spiral grinding wheel 14 before the engagement of the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the workpiece W is performed. The tips of the workpiece W interfere with each other. Then, in the coarse phase alignment state, while rotating the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the workpiece W, the coolant C is ejected from the injection hole 42a of the AE fluid sensor 42 toward the measurement position of the grinding wheel spindle 13, and the detecting portion thereof 42b starts to detect the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14.

As described above, when the AE fluid sensor 42 starts detecting the elastic wave, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 converts the input AE signal into a voltage V, and displays the voltage while passing the time. Variety. Further, while the AE fluid sensor 42 starts detecting the elastic wave, the voltage V is measured at the maximum voltage Vf when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is not in contact, and a threshold value Vo larger than the voltage Vf is automatically set. This threshold value Vo is used when the contact determination of the spiral grinding wheel 14 described below is performed.

Next, as long as the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the workpiece W is increased, the spiral rotation of the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the workpiece W is shifted, and the tooth surface of the workpiece W is brought into contact with the blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel 14 . As a result, the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14 generated by the contact is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13, and the elastic wave transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13 is detected by the AE fluid sensor 42 through the cooling liquid C. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 changes the waveform of the voltage V according to the input AE signal. When the voltage V(Vf) exceeds the threshold value Vo set in advance, the NC device 50 determines the workpiece. W has contacted the spiral grinding wheel 14, and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is memorized.

On the other hand, as long as the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the workpiece W is lowered, the spiral rotation of the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the workpiece W is shifted, and the other tooth surface of the workpiece W is brought into contact with the other blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel 14. As a result, the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14 generated by the contact is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13, and the elastic wave transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13 is detected by the AE fluid sensor 42 through the cooling liquid C. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 changes the waveform of the voltage V according to the input AE signal. When the voltage V(Vf) exceeds the threshold value Vo set in advance, the NC device 50 determines the workpiece. W has contacted the spiral grinding wheel 14, and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is memorized.

Next, after the NC device 50 calculates the intermediate phase from the phase of the two spiral grinding wheels 14 stored, the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is positioned at the intermediate phase, whereby phase alignment can be precisely performed ( Precision phase alignment). Then, in the precise phase alignment state, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is engaged with the workpiece W, and then the synchronous rotation is performed to polish the tooth surface of the workpiece W on the blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel 14.

Here, when a predetermined number of workpieces W are polished by using the spiral grinding wheel 14, the blade surface is worn to cause a decrease in polishing efficiency, and therefore it is necessary to periodically perform the dressing of the spiral grinding wheel 14 by the dish dresser 32.

Then, when the spiral dressing wheel 32 is trimmed by the dish dresser 32, first, as shown in Fig. 1, after the spiral grinding wheel 14 is moved to the side of the dish dresser 32, it is first performed before the nip. The approximate phase alignment of the equals (coarse phase alignment) prevents the tip of the helical grinding wheel 14 and the tip of the dish dresser 32 from interfering with each other. Then, in the state of the coarse phase alignment, while the spiral dressing wheel 14 is stopped, the dish dresser 32 is rotated, and the cooling is performed from the injection hole 42a of the AE fluid sensor 42 toward the measurement position of the grinding wheel spindle 13 In the liquid C, the elastic wave detection of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is started by the detecting unit 42b.

Further, the number N of rotations of the dish dresser 32 at this time is set to a minimum number of rotations at which the operator can confirm the degree of contact sound when the spiral grinding wheel 14 comes into contact with the spiral grinding wheel 14 or the dish when the spiral grinding wheel 14 comes into contact. The shape trimmer 32 does not have an intermediate value between the maximum number of revolutions of the degree of damage.

As described above, when the AE fluid sensor 42 starts detecting the elastic wave, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 converts the input AE signal into a voltage V, and displays the voltage while passing the time. Variety. In addition, while the AE fluid sensor 42 starts detecting the elastic wave, the voltage V is measured by the maximum voltage Vf when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is not in contact, and is automatically set to have a critical value larger than the voltage Vf (determination) Value) Vo. This threshold value Vo is used when the contact determination of the spiral grinding wheel 14 described below is performed.

Next, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is rotated forward so that one blade surface contacts the blade surface of one of the dish dressers 32. As a result, the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14 generated by the contact is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13, and the elastic wave transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13 is detected by the AE fluid sensor 42 through the cooling liquid C. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 changes the waveform of the voltage V according to the input AE signal. When the voltage (the measured value on one direction side) V exceeds the threshold value Vo set in advance, the NC device 50 It is judged that the spiral grinding wheel 14 has contacted the dish dresser 32, and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 (one direction side phase) is memorized.

Next, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is reversed so that the other blade surface contacts the other blade surface of the dish dresser 32. As a result, the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14 generated by the contact is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13, and the elastic wave transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle 13 is detected by the AE fluid sensor 42 through the cooling liquid C. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the AE sense amplifier 44 changes the waveform of the voltage V according to the input AE signal, and when the voltage (the measured value of the other direction side) V exceeds the threshold value Vo set in advance, the NC device 50, it is judged that the spiral grinding wheel 14 has contacted the dish dresser 32, and the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 (the other direction side phase) is memorized.

Next, after the NC device 50 calculates the intermediate phase from the phase of the two spiral grinding wheels 14 stored, the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is positioned at the intermediate phase, whereby phase alignment can be precisely performed ( Precision phase alignment). Next, in the precise phase alignment state, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is engaged with the dish dresser 32, and then the dish dresser 32 is rotated, whereby the blade surface of the dish dresser 32 can be trimmed to the blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel 14.

Further, in the present embodiment, the workpiece W of the internal gear material is used, but the workpiece W of the external gear material may also be employed. Further, the voltage threshold used for the contact determination of the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the workpiece W or the dish dresser 32 is a common critical value Vo, but a critical value of each different value may also be used, and the critical values may be based on Set each material or processing condition.

Here, as described above, when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is rotated forward and reversed by its contact with the dish dresser 32, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is not in contact with the dish dresser 32, and the voltage V is still passed after a specified time. When the threshold value Vo is not exceeded, the NC device 50 controls the number of rotations N of the dish trimmer 32 to be increased. That is, as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 4, when the measured voltage V exceeds the maximum voltage Vf at the time of non-contact, and when it is below the critical value Vo, the dish trimmer 32 is stepwisely increased at a certain ratio. The number of rotations N (refer to Fig. 5) until the voltage V exceeds the critical value Vo, forcibly increases the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel 14. In this way, the detection sensitivity of the AE fluid sensor 42 can be improved, and the contact determination of the spiral grinding wheel 14 can be surely performed.

Next, the stepwise setting method of the number of rotations N of the dish dresser 32 at this time is as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, and the increase ratio may be a certain ratio, but the increase ratio may be changed, for example, the map. As shown by the dotted line, it can also be gradually reduced to increase its ratio.

Next, the disk shape setting process of the disk shaper 32 of the NC device 50 will be described with reference to FIG.

First, in step S1, the maximum voltage Vf when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is not in contact is measured. Next, in step S2, the critical value Vo for determining the contact of the spiral grinding wheel 14 is set to be larger than the maximum voltage Vf measured in step S1. Value.

Next, the intermediate value between the minimum number of rotations at which the operator can confirm the degree of contact sound when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is in contact with the maximum number of rotations of the spiral grinding wheel 14 when the spiral grinding wheel 14 is in contact with the spiral grinding wheel 14 is set to a disc. The number of rotations of the shape dresser 32 is N, and secondly, step S4 is to start the phase alignment of the spiral grinding wheel 14 with respect to the dish dresser 32.

Then, step S5 is a determination as to whether or not the spiral grinding wheel 14 has contacted the dish dresser 32. Here, if the determination is YES, step S6 is to continue the phase alignment of the spiral grinding wheel 14, and the phase alignment is completed in step 7. On the other hand, if the determination is negative, the number of rotations of the dish dresser 32 is increased in step S, and the flow returns to step S5.

Therefore, according to the phase alignment method and the phase alignment device of the spiral grinding wheel according to the present invention, the spiral grinding wheel 14 is first opposed to the dish shape before the splicing of the spiral grinding wheel 14 and the dish dresser 32 during trimming. When the phase of the dresser 32 is aligned, it is determined whether the spiral grinding wheel 14 has contacted the dish dresser 32 according to the voltage V corresponding to the elastic wave when the spiral grinding wheel 14 contacts the dish dresser 32, when the spiral grinding wheel 14 has When the disc shape dresser 32 is touched but the voltage V does not exceed the threshold value Vo, the number of rotations of the dish dresser 32 is increased to forcibly determine the contact, and the spiral grinding wheel 14 is positioned according to the phase of the spiral grinding wheel 14 at this time. The intermediate phase that can be engaged. In this way, the contact and non-contact of the spiral grinding wheel can be detected with high precision, and the phase alignment of the spiral grinding wheel 14 with respect to the dish dresser 32 can be precisely performed.

[Industrial availability]

The present invention is a gear grinding machine that can be applied to shorten non-machining time.

1. . . Gear grinding machine

11. . . Grinding wheel head

12. . . Spindle

13. . . Wheel spindle

14. . . Spiral grinding wheel

twenty one. . . Rotating platform

31. . . Dresser drive

32. . . Dish dresser

41. . . Holder

42. . . AE fluid sensor

42a. . . Spray hole

42b. . . Detection department

43. . . Coolant tank

44. . . AE sense amplifier

50. . . NC device

W. . . Workpiece

C. . . Coolant

V. . . Measuring voltage

Vo. . . Voltage threshold

Vf. . . Maximum voltage at non-contact

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a spiral grinding wheel is trimmed by a dish dresser.

Fig. 2 is a view showing a state in which a workpiece is polished by a spiral grinding wheel.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the mounting structure of the AE fluid sensor.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the voltage change when the AE fluid sensor detects the elastic wave of the spiral grinding wheel.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the change in the number of revolutions of the dresser.

Figure 6 is a flow chart showing the phase alignment of the helical grinding wheel with respect to the dresser.

1. . . Gear grinding machine

11. . . Grinding wheel head

12. . . Spindle

13. . . Wheel spindle

14. . . Spiral grinding wheel

twenty one. . . Rotating platform

31. . . Dresser drive

32. . . Dish dresser

42. . . AE fluid sensor

43. . . Coolant tank

44. . . AE sense amplifier

50. . . NC device

W. . . Workpiece

C. . . Coolant

V. . . Measuring voltage

Claims (3)

A phase alignment method for a spiral grinding wheel, which is a phase alignment method of a spiral grinding wheel in which the spiral grinding wheel is aligned with respect to the phase of the dresser before the splicing of the spiral grinding wheel and the dresser is performed during trimming The spiral grinding wheel is rotated in one direction to detect an elastic wave generated when a blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel contacts a blade surface of the dresser, and when the spiral grinding wheel has contacted the dresser, However, when the measured value of the one-direction side corresponding to the elastic wave does not exceed the specified value, the number of rotations of the dresser is increased until the measured value of the one-direction side exceeds the specified value, and when the measured value of the one-direction side exceeds the specified value The one-side phase of the spiral grinding wheel is memorized, and then the spiral grinding wheel is rotated in the other direction, and the elastic wave generated when the other blade surface of the spiral grinding wheel contacts the other blade surface of the dresser is detected. When the above-mentioned spiral grinding wheel has contacted the above-mentioned dresser, but the other side of the elastic wave corresponds to the measured value When the value exceeds the predetermined value, the number of rotations of the dresser is increased until the measured value of the other direction side exceeds the predetermined value, and the other side of the spiral grinding wheel when the measured value of the other direction side exceeds the predetermined value The phase is stored, and the spiral grinding wheel is positioned at a phase that can be engaged according to the one-direction side phase and the other-direction side phase of the spiral grinding wheel. A phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel, which is a phase alignment device for performing a spiral grinding wheel in which the spiral grinding wheel is aligned with respect to the phase of the dresser before trimming the spiral grinding wheel and the dresser Further, the method includes: a detecting means capable of detecting an elastic wave generated when the spiral grinding wheel is in rotational contact with the dresser; and when a measured value corresponding to the elastic wave detected by the detecting means exceeds a predetermined value, a determining means for determining that the spiral grinding wheel has contacted the dresser; and when the spiral grinding wheel contacts the dresser, and the measured value does not exceed the specified value, the number of rotations of the dresser may be set such that the measured value exceeds The trimmer rotation number setting means for specifying the value; and the grinding wheel phase control means for determining the phase of the spiral grinding wheel at the time of contact based on the determination means to position the spiral grinding wheel at a phase that can be engaged. The phase alignment device for a spiral grinding wheel according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the dresser rotation number setting means increases the number of rotations of the dresser stepwise.