TWI417044B - Method of making nutrient for housefly larvae - Google Patents

Description

Method for producing nutrient containing housefly larva

The present invention relates to a method for producing a high protein additive, and more particularly to a method for producing a nutrient containing a housefly larva.

The nutrients contained in poultry feed have a crucial impact on the growth and health of poultry. The nutrients of poultry feed generally contain protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, among which the demand for protein is the greatest. Insufficient or lack of it can lead to slow growth of poultry, decreased immunity, easy infection and affecting the quality of poultry meat. On the other hand, due to changes in human eating habits, coupled with eating too much refined processed foods or personal partial eclipse habits, often cause imbalanced diet, and can not get enough nutrients such as protein, vitamins or vitamins that can maintain human health. Minerals, etc., so it is necessary to supplement the required nutrients in addition to the three meals.

In addition to the aforementioned supply of nutrients such as protein for poultry rearing and humans for a balanced diet, other animal husbandry industries such as aquaculture or animal feed production also have a great demand for animal protein, and therefore, with these The demand for nutrients such as protein is increasing day by day, and finding new sources of nutrients, especially protein sources, to meet the needs of life is one of the current research trends.

In order to supply the above-mentioned various fields for the demand for nutrients such as proteins, the present invention provides a method for producing nutrients containing Musca domestica larvae, the steps comprising: (1) making a plurality of house flies into a fly at a temperature of 18 to 35 ° C. And growing in an environment of 50-80% humidity and producing fly eggs; (2) providing a culture material, inoculation of the fly eggs to the culture material, the culture material containing at least soybeans and dairy products, at 20 to 35 ° C Incubation until the fly eggs hatch into larvae; (3) placing the larvae on a pig manure with a thickness of 4-10 cm, at 20-35 ° C, allowing the larvae to eat and decompose the pig manure; and (4) in 2 to 3 days After that, the larvae are collected, treated with hot water and dehydrated to obtain a nutrient containing the housefly larvae.

In the above method, the temperature of the step (1) is preferably 24 to 26 ° C, the humidity is preferably 54 to 56%, and the housefly adult flies start to lay eggs after 1 to 3 days of growth; the culture of the step (2) is cultured. The water content of the material is 80-95% (w/w), preferably 92% (w/w), and is loaded in a first culture tray, the first culture tray is a small container, inoculated The amount of flies is 2 to 4 grams of fly eggs per kilogram of culture material, and the eggs are hatched to larvae on days 1 to 2; the water content of pig manure in step (3) is 80 to 95% (w/w). Preferably, it is 92% (w/w), and is loaded in a second culture tray, the second culture tray is a large container; the larvae of the step (3) can be pre-set during the decomposition of the pig excrement. Time to remove dry pig manure at the surface layer to prevent larvae from becoming cockroaches in dry pig manure and to promote larvae crawling out of the lower layer of pig manure; and the larvae collected after step (4) are at 60~100 °C Hot water treatment takes about 1 to 5 minutes.

The method for producing nutrient containing Musca domestica larvae of the present invention is capable of preparing high-quality protein-rich Musca domestica larvae nutrients in a fast and low-cost manner, and the Musca domestica larva nutrient system can be added to animal feed. To meet the nutrients needed for animal growth, and to save the cost of high-priced protein supplements that have to be added, and to reduce the cost of feeding, while the nutrients of Musca domestica larvae are properly treated, they can be made into high-protein nutritional supplements for human consumption. In addition, the manufacturing method provides pig farmers with environmentally-friendly treatment of pig manure and urine, and reuses pig manure and urine, and at the same time, can increase the profit source of pig farmers by producing and selling nutrients of housefly larvae.

The embodiments of the present invention are further described in the following description, and the embodiments of the present invention are set forth to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the scope of the invention, the scope of protection of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

Referring to the first figure, in order to develop a new source of protein supply, the present invention provides a method for producing a nutrient containing a housefly larva, the steps comprising: (1) making a plurality of housefly flies at a temperature of 18 to 35 ° C. And growing in an environment of 50-80% humidity and producing fly eggs S10; (2) providing a culture material, inoculation of the fly eggs to the culture material, the culture material containing at least soybeans and dairy products, at 20 ~ 35 ° C Breeding to fly larvae to larvae S20; (3) placing the larva on a pig manure with a thickness of 4 to 10 cm, at 20 to 35 ° C, allowing the larvae to eat and decompose the pig manure S30; and (4) at 2 ~3 days later, the larvae were collected, treated with hot water and dehydrated to obtain a nutrient S40 containing the housefly larvae. The detailed flow of these steps is explained below.

Example 1 Cultivation of housefly adult fly

Take appropriate amount of wild housefly, raise and feed specific foods in a specific space, and cultivate and multiply for several generations. During this period, house flies can be domesticated to obtain suitable house flies. The domesticated fly maggot, which is to be feathered after domestication, is placed in a feathering tray, and the feathering tray is placed in a adult fly cage, which is 100-120 cm (length) x 60-80 cm (width). ×100~200 cm (height) closed net cage, so that the fly can not fly out of the cage, and the culture cage is placed in a breeding room, the temperature of the culture chamber can be 18~35 ° C, preferably 24 ~26 ° C, the relative humidity of the air can be 50 ~ 80%, preferably 54 ~ 56%, in addition, the number of housefly flies raised in the culture cage is preferably 40,000 ~ 120,000, the illumination time is maintained at 8 ~ 16 Hours, and because the adult flies do not lay eggs in the dark environment, it can adjust the light and dark periods according to the time required by the breeder to facilitate the egg retrieval; at the same time, the breeding cage can be numbered and marked with the date of spawning and The amount of eggs laid for control.

House fly maggots can be feathered into adult flies after about 3 to 4 days. When the fly maggots are turned into adult flies, feed trays and drinking trays can be placed in the culture cages for the consumption of adult flies. It may contain dairy products such as milk powder, sugar, and the like. The adult fly of the feathers begins to lay eggs about 1-3 days. At this time, a spawning tray is placed in the culture cage. A spawning pad is placed in the spawning tray. The spawning pad is attracted to attract the adult fly. The ingredients of the egg-producing material (fermented milk, etc.), such as fermented milk, induce the adult flies to concentrate on the spawning mat to lay eggs, regularly collect the fly eggs on the spawning mat, and replace the spawning tray.

Example 2 Cultivation of Musca domestica larvae (1) The first stage of cultivation

An appropriate amount of fly eggs are separately inoculated into a plurality of first culture trays, and the first culture trays can be filled with a culture material having a capacity of about 70-80% (about 6-8 cm thick), and the culture ingredients are at least Containing soybeans and dairy products such as milk powder, and the culture material has a water content of 80 to 95% (w/w), preferably 92% (w/w), that is, solid components such as soybeans and dairy products constitute culture materials. 15 to 20% (w/w), preferably 18% (w/w), and cultured at 20 to 35 ° C for several days until the fly eggs hatch into larvae (ie, maggots), and by having the The culture of the water allows the larvae to grow well in a moist and nutrient environment after hatching, which is the first stage of cultivation. Wherein, the appropriate amount of fly eggs refers to the amount of the culture material filled in the first culture plate, and it is estimated that the amount of the culture material can be eaten by the larvae, and then the optimal amount of the fly eggs to be inoculated is estimated, for example, about every kilogram of the culture material. The inoculation of 1.4 g of the fly eggs; the culture time may be 1 to 2 days; the first culture tray may be a small potted container having a diameter of about 10 to 12 cm and a height of about 8 to 10 cm, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, in addition to the growth rate of the larvae in the first stage, the first culture tray used in the first stage culture is a small pot type container (that is, the first culture tray contains less than one culture medium). The amount of pig manure contained in the second culture tray can facilitate the observation of the hatching and larval growth of the fly eggs at any time, and contribute to the regulation of the first stage culture process, in order to achieve better hatching rate and promote larval growth, avoiding the use of large-scale culture. Containers are not easy to control at any time, resulting in low hatching rate and slow growth or even death of larvae, while reducing the personnel and cost expenses incurred to solve the problem.

(1) Second stage culture

The pig excrement such as pig manure is separately placed in a plurality of second culture plates, the thickness of the pig manure is about 4 to 10 cm thick, and the moisture content of the pig manure (including pig urine) is 80 to 95. %(w/w), preferably 92% (w/w), put an appropriate amount of the first stage cultured larvae on the pig manure and place it at 20-35 ° C, during which the larvae will be pig excrement Food, drilled into the pig manure and urine, absorb the nutrients in the pig manure and urine, and gradually grow stronger, while the pig manure that is ingested into the larvae can be decomposed by the special enzymes in the larvae, and the decomposed pig manure will be discharged from the larvae. This effluent can be used as a quality organic fertilizer. The whole process takes about 2~3 days for the larva to decompose and treat the pig manure.

Wherein, the appropriate amount of larva refers to the amount of pig feces and urine filled according to the second culture tray, and it is estimated that the larvae of the pig can be eaten by the larvae, and then the optimal amount of larvae to be inoculated is calculated, basically, a first culture tray The amount of larvae produced is available for placement in a second culture tray. The second culture tray may be a large container having a length of about 60 to 80 cm, a width of about 30 to 50 cm, and a height of about 8 to 14 cm, but is not limited thereto.

During the cultivation of the adult flyworm to the larvae, the housefly adults and larvae are appropriately cultured to allow the adult fly larvae and larvae to grow in an appropriate environment, and the first stage culture is combined with the second stage culture. The method is to increase the growth rate of the housefly larvae, shorten the required cultivation time, and increase the production of the housefly larvae and the quality of the larvae themselves.

Example 3 Manufacture of nutrients from housefly larvae

In the second culture stage, the housefly larvae continuously absorb the nutrients in the pig manure and urine for their growth, and the saliva of the housefly larvae and the antibacterial substances in the body can inhibit the harmful bacteria in the pig manure and urine when decomposing the pig manure. Growing. When the Musca domestica larvae grow to the maturity stage, they move to a drier environment (such as the dried pig's excrement in the surface of the second culture tray) to prepare for the mites, so the Musca domestica larvae will dry to the surface of the second culture tray. The decomposed pig excrement moves, drills pig excrement, climbs out of the second culture tray, and falls into one of the collection buckets below the second culture tray.

During the second stage of cultivation, the decomposed pig excrement of the surface of the second culture tray may be removed at a suitable time to prevent the housefly larvae from forming maggots in the dried decomposed pig manure (if The formation of maggots will reduce the amount of larvae collected, and because the fly maggots are not active, they cannot move to the collection bins themselves, they will be trapped in the decomposed pig manure and urine, causing problems that are difficult to collect), and they are beneficial to be buried in the lower layers. Musca domestica larvae in the damp pig's excrement can drill pig manure without too much effort, climb out of the second culture tray, and fall into the collection bin to increase the number of housefly larvae that can be collected. The preset time is when the pig manure which has been decomposed in the surface layer of the second culture plate is dry and lacks moisture.

Take the housefly larvae in the collection bucket, wash them first to remove the pig manure and urine attached to the larvae of the housefly larvae, and then treat them with hot water of 60~100 °C for 1-5 minutes, then kill the housefly larvae, and then dehydrate. The housefly larva is a protein-rich nutrient; in addition, the dehydrated housefly larvae can be further dried in an oven.

Since the pig manure contains the undigested feed nutrients, metabolites, digestive tract mucosa and secretions of the pig after eating, the housefly larvae will ingest the nutrients after eating the pig manure, so the housefly larvae It is rich in nutrients such as protein, and further analyzes the content of nutrients contained in housefly larvae. The results are shown in Table 1.

According to Table 1, the protein content of Musca domestica larvae is as high as 53.2%, which is higher than the standard of human ideal protein model recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the family of the larvae of the housefly larvae Contains the amino acids shown in Table 2; in addition to protein, Musca domestica larvae still contain other nutrients such as fats and minerals, and their fatty acid composition is 28.8% palm oleic acid, 23.7% palmitoleic acid and 24.6%. The content of monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid is high, and it can be seen that the Musca domestica larvae are rich in nutrients required by many organisms and can be used as a source of high-quality protein.

On the other hand, after preliminary extraction of the dried housefly larvae, the crude extract was inhibited by the bacteriostatic test to inhibit the growth of E. coli (results not shown), indicating that the housefly larvae have antibacterial properties.

In addition, part of the housefly larvae that fall in the collection bin will form maggots, which can also be prepared into dried maggots by the aforementioned washing, hot water and dehydration treatment, and the maggots also have high protein and the like. Nutrients, and the body of the fly maggot is rich in chitin and can also be applied.

In summary, by the method for producing nutrient containing the housefly larva of the present invention, the housefly larvae rich in protein and other nutrients can be prepared quickly in about 5 to 7 days, and the nutrients in the pig manure can be reused. It also avoids air and water pollution caused by pig manure, and the method has the advantages of simple and low cost for housefly culture and housefly larvae processing, simple method and easy operation, and easy to high-density breeding of housefly to facilitate the production of a large number of homes. Fly larvae take advantage of protein, so it is suitable for expansion into large-scale farming to mass produce low-cost high-quality protein.

The treated housefly larvae can be added to animal feed such as poultry, fish and pets to increase the intake of nutrients such as protein and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and to help the growth and good of these animals. On the other hand, the housefly larvae can be further processed in accordance with the food hygiene regulations and processed into high-quality human animal protein as a high-protein nutritional supplement.

S10. . . To make a plurality of housefly flies grow and produce fly eggs in an environment with a temperature of 18-35 ° C and a humidity of 50-80%.

S20. . . Providing a culture material, inoculation of the fly eggs to the culture material, the culture material comprising at least soybeans and dairy products, cultured at 20 to 35 ° C until the eggs are hatched into larvae

S30. . . Place the larva on a pig manure with a thickness of 4~10 cm, and let the larvae eat and decompose the pig manure at 20~35 °C.

S40. . . After 2~3 days, the larvae are collected, treated with hot water and dehydrated to obtain a nutrient containing the housefly larvae.

The first figure is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the method for producing nutrient containing Musca domestica larvae according to an embodiment of the present invention.

S10. . . To make a plurality of housefly flies grow and produce fly eggs in an environment with a temperature of 18-35 ° C and a humidity of 50-80%.

S20. . . Providing a culture material, inoculation of the fly eggs to the culture material, the culture material comprising at least soybeans and dairy products, cultured at 20 to 35 ° C until the eggs are hatched into larvae

S30. . . Place the larva on a pig manure with a thickness of 4~10 cm, and let the larvae eat and decompose the pig manure at 20~35 °C.

S40. . . After 2~3 days, the larvae are collected, treated with hot water and dehydrated to obtain a nutrient containing the housefly larvae.

Claims (16)

A method for producing a nutrient containing a housefly larvae comprises the steps of: (1) growing a plurality of housefly flies in an environment having a temperature of 18 to 35 ° C and a humidity of 50 to 80%; and producing a fly egg; Providing a culture material, inoculation of the fly eggs to the culture material, the culture material comprising at least soybeans and dairy products, cultured at 20 to 35 ° C until the eggs are hatched into larvae; (3) the larvae are placed at a thickness of 4~10 cm of pig manure, at 20~35 °C, let the larvae eat and decompose the pig manure; and (4) after 2~3 days, collect the larvae, treat them with hot water and dehydrate them to obtain a housefly larva Nutrients. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the step (1) is 24 to 26 °C. The method of claim 1, wherein the humidity of the step (1) is 54 to 56%. The method of claim 1, wherein the housefly fly of the step (1) begins to lay eggs after 1-3 days of growth. The method of claim 1, wherein the fly eggs of the step (2) are incubated as larvae on the 1-2 day. The method of claim 1, wherein the inoculating fly eggs in the step (2) is inoculated with 2 to 4 grams of fly eggs per kilogram of culture material. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture material is loaded in a first culture tray, the first culture tray being a small container. The method of claim 1, wherein the culture material has a water content of 80 to 95% (w/w). The method of claim 1, wherein the culture material has a water content of 92% (w/w). The method of claim 1, wherein the dairy product is milk powder. The method of claim 1, wherein the pig manure of the step (3) is loaded into a second culture tray, the second culture tray being a large container. The method of claim 1, wherein the dry pig excrement at the surface layer is removed at a predetermined time during the larvae of the step (3) eating and decomposing the pig excrement. The method of claim 1, wherein the pig manure of the step (3) has a water content of 80 to 95% (w/w). The method of claim 1, wherein the pig manure of the step (3) has a water content of 92% (w/w). The method of claim 1, wherein the hot water treatment temperature of the step (4) is 60 to 100 °C. The method of claim 1, wherein the hot water treatment time of the step (4) is 1 to 5 minutes.