TWI400272B - Titanium-containing copolyesters for the production of large-volume PET bottles and their products - Google Patents
Titanium-containing copolyesters for the production of large-volume PET bottles and their products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI400272B TWI400272B TW098143533A TW98143533A TWI400272B TW I400272 B TWI400272 B TW I400272B TW 098143533 A TW098143533 A TW 098143533A TW 98143533 A TW98143533 A TW 98143533A TW I400272 B TWI400272 B TW I400272B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- copolyester
- preform
- polyester
- gram
- mole
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- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 title claims description 83
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003017 thermal stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMDRBXCDTZRMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2,4,6-trimethylanilino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1NC(C=1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=11)=CC=C1NC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C DMDRBXCDTZRMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXLWTLZBAJWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Ti] Chemical compound CCCC[Ti] JXLWTLZBAJWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010103 injection stretch blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/185—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G63/187—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings
- C08G63/189—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings containing a naphthalene ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/786—Temperature
- B29C2049/7861—Temperature of the preform
- B29C2049/7862—Temperature of the preform characterised by temperature values or ranges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
- B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/0005—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
- B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7126—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages large, e.g. for bulk storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
Description
本發明涉及一種聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共聚酯,專用於生產重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米的瓶胚和內容積大於10公升以上的聚酯瓶,特別是能夠回收清洗再使用20次以上仍不會破裂或變形。
隨著大眾普遍對飲用水質的重視,目前許多公共場所或辦公處所經常採用5加侖容器盛裝蒸餾水供人員飲用。因此,大包裝飲用水的市場(Bulk water market)逐漸增加。
目前此類大型的裝水容器,主要以聚碳酸酯(PC)材質所製成。但,聚碳酸酯(PC)材質容器含有丙二酚-A,會影響人體健康,且PC容器的原料成本較高,已逐漸被淘汰。
而廣泛用來製作包裝碳酸飲料、礦泉水或茶飲料瓶子的PET共聚酯,其組成中含有基於共聚酯0至3mole%的間位苯二甲酸或含有基於共聚酯1.5至4.0mole%的二乙二醇,且使用銻金屬元素做為聚縮合觸媒。在射出拉伸吹瓶的加工過程中,這種PET共聚酯有易結晶的特性,只適用於生產瓶胚厚度約3~4毫米(mm),重量最高約僅100至120公克和內容積小於5公升的聚酯瓶;尤其此類共聚酯被加工製作厚度約達7毫米以上、重量達600公克以上的瓶胚時,會發生結晶白化的現象。瓶胚有結晶白化發生,將造成後續的吹瓶步驟無法穩定吹製瓶子,而為避免瓶胚有結晶白化現象,將瓶胚的冷卻時間延長,又會導致產量下降,以致於不具經濟價值。
為解決以上的問題,美國第6,309,718B1專利揭露一種共聚酯配方,
可用來加工製作重量200公克以上,內容積達數加侖的瓶子。該共聚酯的組成中含4至10莫耳%的環己烷二甲醇或含6至17莫耳%的間位苯二甲酸,或含以上兩種化合物。而且,該共聚酯的組成中,也可再加入雙羧酸化合物,例如2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid)或簡稱2,6-(NDC),其含量最多為50莫耳%。該共聚酯的固有黏度介於0.75至0.85吋升/克。
本發明人取得的美國第6,913,806號專利,亦揭露一種共聚酯,其固有黏度介於0.75至0.85吋升/公克,且使用銻金屬元素做為聚縮合觸媒,其組成中的主要成分為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)樹脂,且基於共聚酯,還含有X莫耳%的間位苯二甲酸(IPA),Y莫耳%的二乙二醇(DEG)及Z莫耳%的2,6-萘二羧酸酯;其中X,Y,Z符合以下條件:2.5≦X≦6.0;2.5≦Y≦5.0;0≦Z≦5.0。
而且,該美國第6,913,806號專利揭露的共聚酯,適用於生產重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米的瓶胚,再吹製成內容積大於10公升以上的聚酯瓶。
但,不論是使用上述美國專利的共聚酯所製成的聚酯瓶,或是其他市面上高於10公升的聚酯瓶,當回收再清洗重新充填時,使用次數最多僅達20次就發生破裂或變形。
發生破裂或變形的聚酯瓶,雖可透過切成碎片及重新高溫熔融回收。但,全球暖化及氣候變遷日益嚴重,發展綠能環境及具節能減碳的生活產
品是刻不容緩。如果能夠再提升聚酯瓶的回收清洗再使用次數,也是快速遏止全球暖化的有效手段之一。
有鑑於此,基於環保、節能減碳及力行遏止全球暖化的目的,本發明是對本發明人取得的美國第6,913,806號專利的共聚酯配方提出改良,尤其使用鈦金屬元素取代傳統銻金屬元素做為聚縮合觸媒,使得所製得的共聚酯具有以下優點:1.專用於生產重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米的瓶胚,再吹製成內容積大於10公升以上的聚酯瓶;2.所製成的聚酯瓶厚度均勻,透明度及強度良好,其強度足夠盛裝超過10公升以上甚至達5加侖的水,特別是能夠回收清洗再使用至少20次以上仍不會發生破裂或變形;3.在搬運過程中不會發生瓶子破裂;4.所製成的聚酯瓶不含重金屬銻元素,對人體健康無害;5.所製成的聚酯瓶不含丙二酚-A成分,對人體健康無害;6.所製成的聚酯瓶比聚碳酸酯(PC)容器的成本低廉,可逐漸被取代聚碳酸酯(PC)容器。
本發明揭露的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共聚酯,使用鈦金屬元素取代傳統銻金屬元素做為聚縮合觸媒,且固有黏度介於0.72至0.90吋升/公克;其組成中的主要成分為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)樹脂,且含鈦元素基於共聚酯介於2~25ppm、間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯X莫耳%、二
乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯Y莫耳%及2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-NDC)基於共聚酯之Z莫耳%;其中X,Y,Z符合以下條件,0≦X≦2.5;1.0≦Y≦2.5;0≦Z≦2.5;2.5≦X+Y+Z≦7.5。
本發明揭露一種共聚酯,用於生產重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米的瓶胚,再吹製成內容積大於10公升以上的聚酯容器,尤其所製成的聚酯容器不含銻金屬元素,對人體健康無害,且能夠回收清洗再使用至少20次以上仍不會發生破裂或變形,合乎節能減碳的目的。
本發明的共聚酯組成中,主要成分為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)樹脂,且含鈦元素基於共聚酯介於2~25ppm、間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯X莫耳%、二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯Y莫耳%及2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-NDC)基於共聚酯之Z莫耳%;其中X,Y,Z符合以下條件:0≦X≦2.5;1.0≦Y≦2.5;0≦Z≦2.5;2.5≦X+Y+Z≦7.5。
本發明的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共聚酯,用聚酯工業界所熟知的熔融聚合反應製備而得,但使用含鈦元素化合物做為聚縮合反應觸媒。
本發明的共聚酯的合成過程,先將原料調配呈漿體,其方法為:將純對苯二甲酸(PTA)與乙二醇(EG)調製成漿體(Slurry),再加入基於最終共聚酯的0.1至2.5莫耳%的間位苯二甲酸,並額外加入二乙二醇(DEG),使得額外加入之二乙二醇與過程中自然生成的二乙二醇的總和,為基於最終共聚酯的1.0至2.5莫耳%,另外也可再加入2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-(NDC)),其含量不高於最終共聚酯的2.5莫耳%。而且,間位苯二甲酸、二乙二醇、2,6-萘二羧酸酯的莫耳含量的總和,基於最終共聚酯介於2.5至7.5莫耳%。間位苯二甲酸及2,6-萘二羧酸酯於熔融反應過程中加入,而二乙二醇除在熔融反應自身發生外,需再額外加入二乙二醇,使之達到欲添加的目標含量。
依上述方法將原料調配呈漿體後,於250至260℃的反應溫度及反應壓力介於2~0Kg/cm2下進行酯化反應,當酯化反應結束前加入鈦觸媒、熱安定劑、色料及其他添加劑如抗氧化劑、光安定劑或滑劑等;再於265至275℃的反應溫度及真空環境下進行預聚合反應,再於275至285℃的反應溫度,真空度1torr下進行聚縮合反應,當聚合體之固有黏度(Intrinsic viscosity)至少達到0.55dl/g後,將聚合體經過卸料冷卻並切成聚酯原粒。
由以上熔融聚合反應得到的聚酯原粒,再經過固態聚合反應提升共聚酯的固有黏度至0.72至0.90 dl/g;此固態聚合反應可以用連續式製程,先經過結晶、乾燥再預熱至205~220℃後,進入固態聚合槽提昇固有黏度,固態聚合槽中通過連續通氮氣將反應發生的乙二醇或水移除。
本發明進一步利用Perkin Elmer公司的微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析本
發明的共聚酯,其檢驗步驟為:取下約3毫克(3mg)固態聚合後之共聚酯,先升溫至300℃,將共聚酯熔融後維持5分鐘,經過急冷至室溫後,再以每分鐘20℃的升溫速率使聚合體經歷玻璃轉移溫度區、結晶溫度區及熔點溫度區;其中結晶溫度區的波峰(peak)所圍成之面積代表結晶的放熱量,本發明之共聚酯其具有的共同點,為此結晶放熱的面積均小於10焦耳/公克;此數值小於一般常見用於生產較小內容積聚酯瓶之共聚酯的結晶放熱量,通常一般共聚酯的結晶放熱量都高於15焦耳/公克以上,甚至高於25焦耳/公克。
本發明的共聚酯可以利用射出機製成重量600公克以上且厚度7.0毫米(mm)以上的瓶胚;瓶胚重量較好為介於600至800公克,瓶胚厚度較好為介於7.5~9.5毫米,瓶胚長度較好為介於36至42公分,射出週期為90至130秒。本發明的共聚酯製成上述瓶胚,其透明度良好,未發生結晶白化現象。
本發明的瓶胚再以工業界所熟知的拉伸吹瓶法,進一步製成內容積介於10至20公升的容器,該製法以近紅外光加熱使瓶胚的溫度達到玻璃轉移溫度以上,最好在高於玻璃轉移溫度20至40℃時進行拉伸吹瓶。由本發明的共聚酯製成的大內容積容器,具有良好的透明度及強度,並可供至少20次回收清洗再使用,故環保價值極高。
以下舉實施例及比較例說明本發明的效果,但並非以此限制本發明。實施例及比較例所製得的共聚酯,利用前面所述的Perkin Elmer公司的微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析其結晶放熱量。
取79.54公斤純對苯二甲酸(PTA),2.04公斤間位苯二甲酸(IPA),
1.38公斤二乙二醇(DEG),2.98公斤2,6-萘二羧酸酯及37.78公斤乙二醇(EG)予以攪拌形成均勻的漿體後,加熱此漿體至260℃進行酯化反應,酯化壓力維持1.5至2.0Kg/cm2,當酯化率達到95%以上,使用正丁基鈦為聚縮合觸媒,同時加入6公克磷酸為熱安定劑與藍色染料(編號Solvent Blue 104),再升溫至270℃進行預聚合反應,反應壓力控制於760~20torr;其中,鈦元素的含量基於聚酯約6ppm,藍色染料的含量基於聚酯含量約1ppm。
經過1小時反應後,將溫度再提昇至280℃進行聚縮合反應,真空度降至1torr以下,直至經過聚縮合反應的聚合體的固有黏度達到0.60dl/g,再將聚合體經過模頭擠壓及冷卻後切成圓柱型共聚酯原粒。
將所製得的共聚酯原粒放入一雙椎型的旋轉真空聚合槽,於200℃至220℃的溫度,真空度為1torr以下的環境中,進行固態聚合反應,將共聚酯的固有黏度(IV)提昇至0.72 dl/g。
分析所製得的共聚酯組成,含間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%、二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%及2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-NDC)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%。
測試結果如表1所示,以Perkin Elmer公司的微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析該固態聚合後之共聚酯,先以快速升溫至300℃使之完全熔解後,經過急速冷卻後再以20℃/分鐘的昇溫速率加熱此共聚酯,該共聚酯之結晶放熱量為7.1焦耳/公克。
將固態聚合後之共聚酯,利用射出機於275至280℃的熔融溫度射出製成重量685公克,瓶胚之瓶身位置的厚度介於8.5至9.0毫米,瓶胚的
長度為410公分;該共聚酯所得的瓶胚透明度良好,無結晶白化現象。
將所製得的瓶胚,進一步放入拉伸吹瓶機中,於瓶胚溫度110℃時吹製成為內容積為5加侖聚酯瓶,經過測試的結果,其拉伸吹製過程穩定,聚酯瓶的透明度及強度均良好,且通過至少回收使用20次以上沒有變形或破裂。
同實施例1的做法,但製得的共聚酯組成中,含間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%及二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.81dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為8.9焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚,其透明度良好,無結晶白化現象;該瓶胚再經拉伸吹瓶可穩定製成5加侖聚酯瓶,其透明度及強度良好,且通過至少回收使用20次以上沒有變形或破裂。
同實施例1的做法,但製得的共聚酯組成中,沒有間位苯二甲酸及2,6-萘二羧酸酯成分,含二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.9dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為10焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度良好,無結晶白化現象;該瓶胚再經拉伸吹瓶可穩定製成5加侖聚酯瓶,其透明度及強度良好,且通過至少回收使用20次以上沒有變形或破裂。
同實施例1的做法,但製得的共聚酯組成中,含間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯1.5莫耳%及二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.0莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.84dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為8.0焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度良好,無結晶白化現象;該瓶胚再經拉伸吹瓶可穩定製成5加侖聚酯瓶,其透明度及強度良好,且通過至少回收使用20次以上沒有變形或破裂。
同實施例1的做法,但製得的共聚酯組成中,沒有間位苯二甲酸,含二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.0莫耳%及2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-(NDC))基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.76dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為9.0焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度良好,無結晶白化現象;該瓶胚再經拉伸吹瓶可穩定製成5加侖聚酯瓶,其透明度及強度良好,且通過至少回收使用20次以上沒有變形或破裂。
同實施例1的做法,但以銻金屬元素為聚縮合反應觸媒,製得的共聚酯組成中,含間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯5.0莫耳%及二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.83dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為6.5焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度良好,但瓶胚於吹瓶時厚度分布不均勻,有結晶白化現象;該瓶胚再經拉伸吹瓶製成5加侖聚酯瓶,經回收使用約15次就發生變形,不適合繼續使用。
同實施例1的做法,但以銻金屬元素為聚縮合反應觸媒,製得的共聚酯組成中,含間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯2.4莫耳%及二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.4莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.84dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為15.5焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度不佳,且出現結晶白化現象;該瓶胚於拉伸吹瓶時再經過近紅外光燈管予以加熱後,瓶胚逐漸白化,吹製成5加侖聚酯瓶時,聚酯瓶變成白霧狀且於吹製過程中容易破瓶。不適合透過回收繼續使用。
同實施例1的做法,但以銻金屬元素為聚縮合反應觸媒,製得的共聚酯組成中,沒有間位苯二甲酸及2,6-萘二羧酸酯成分,含二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯2.5莫耳%,且固態聚合反應後的固有黏度(IV)0.9dl/g。
測試結果如表1所示,以微差掃描分析儀(DSC)分析,結晶放熱量為29.0焦耳/公克。以射出機製得的瓶胚透明度不佳,且出現結晶白化現象;該瓶胚於拉伸吹瓶時再經過近紅外光燈管予以加熱後,瓶胚逐漸白化,吹製成5加侖聚酯瓶時,聚酯瓶變成白霧狀且於吹製過程中容易破瓶。不
適合透過回收繼續使用。
1.實施例1至5製得的共聚酯的結晶放熱量,使用微差掃描分析儀(DSC)以每分鐘20℃的昇溫速率分析,小於10焦耳/公克。
2.使用實施例1至5的共聚酯製成5加侖聚酯瓶,具有良好的透明度及強度,並可供至少20次回收清洗再使用,故環保價值極高。
3.所製成的聚酯瓶不含重金屬銻元素,對人體健康無害;
Claims (4)
- 一種聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯共聚酯,以鈦元素化合物為聚縮合反應觸媒製得,固有黏度介於0.72至0.90吋升/公克,專用於生產重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米的瓶胚和內容積大於10公升以上且回收清洗再使用次數達20次的聚酯容器,其特徵在於,所述共聚酯的結晶放熱量,使用微差掃描分析儀(DSC)以每分鐘20℃的昇溫速率分析,小於10焦耳/公克,且所述共聚酯組成以聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯樹脂為主要成分,且包含鈦元素基於共聚酯介於2~25ppm、間位苯二甲酸(IPA)基於共聚酯X莫耳%、二乙二醇(DEG)基於共聚酯Y莫耳%及2,6-萘二羧酸酯(2,6-NDC)基於共聚酯Z莫耳%;其中X,Y,Z符合以下條件,0≦X≦2.5;1.0≦Y≦2.5;0≦Z≦2.5;2.5≦X+Y+Z≦7.5。
- 一種瓶胚,重量達到600公克以上且厚度大於7.0毫米,其特徵在於,使用申請專利範圍第1項取得的共聚酯以射出機製成。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之瓶胚,其中,所製成的瓶胚的重量介於600至800公克、厚度介於7.5至9.5毫米及長度介於36至42公分。
- 一種聚酯容器,其特徵在於,使用申請專利範圍第2項取得的瓶胚,再經過拉伸吹瓶製成內部容積大於10公升且回收清洗再使用次數達20次的聚酯容器。
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Patent Citations (4)
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TW466250B (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2001-12-01 | Teijin Ltd | A copolyester for molding a bottle |
TW572929B (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-01-21 | Nanya Plastics Corp | Copolyester composition for manufacturing large volume polyester bottle |
TW200742746A (en) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-16 | Nanya Plastics Corp | Copolyester and polyester container made of the same |
TW200813119A (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-03-16 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Polyester resin particle and method for producing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5707103B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
US8318842B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
US20110151160A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
JP2011127099A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
TW201122016A (en) | 2011-07-01 |
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