TWI398592B - Solar energy chasing Japanese natural light lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

A sun-tracking-type natural lighting system mainly includes a light guide, a controller for tracking sun, a bi-axial tracking mechanism, an energy conversion and storage system, a weather protection cover, etc. The controller for tracking sun is used to detect the direction of lighting source and send out electric signals for orienting the bi-axial tracking mechanism towards the lighting source. Thus, the light guide installed on the bi-axial tracking mechanism can be used to collect light beams and filter out harmful light beams for letting light beams after filtration entering a building. Meanwhile, the protection cover is used to cover the system for protecting the system against rain water. When used in a large quantity, the controller for tracking sun is installed on a main control device, and the output electric signals are used to control operations of each system's motor. As a result, the invention has the advantages of solar tracking, reduced cost of components, using solar panels and batteries for energy storage and conversion, without the need of using external electricity for indoor lighting and system, energy saving, reduced carbon emission, eco-friendly, etc.

Description

Solar chasing Japanese natural light lighting system

The invention relates to a solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system, which mainly introduces natural light into a room for illumination, and converts part of the light energy into electrical energy for storage to supply electricity for the chasing system, thereby achieving the purpose of useless illumination.

In recent years, the issue of energy conservation and carbon reduction has been in full swing around the world. The research and development content is still based on wind, water, geothermal, tidal, solar, renewable energy, electric vehicles, etc., both at home and abroad. All of them are actively researching and developing test modifications for use. The successful development of these projects not only reduces exhaust emissions, but also saves oil and coal consumption. It is also one of the good ways to pursue a green environment and improve the quality of life. Among them, solar energy is the most promising energy source of all renewable energy, and Taiwan is located in the subtropical zone. Because the sun shines in all directions early in the morning, the amount of sunshine is abundant and the sunshine time is long, which is very suitable for solar power technology. The development of light source is used, so if the use of solar energy is fully developed, it will be able to achieve safe, pollution-free renewable energy that balances economic development and environmental protection. Everyone knows that one of the main functions of light is lighting, which provides many free light sources for humans during the day, and the relationship between human life and lighting is inextricably linked. Because of this inseparable relationship, it is needed in the absence of light. Lighting is used to smoothly carry out normal work and rest, especially in today's many companies, line numbers and factories, all of which work continuously during the day and night to provide products that are cheap and good for human beings, and relatively consume electricity for lighting. Increasingly. In this era of increasing energy use, how to save energy consumption and maintain the quality of existing lighting is a very important issue today. In order to solve the aforementioned problems, green lighting with energy-saving functions has gradually attracted the attention of the international architecture and lighting industry. In the traditional architectural lighting energy-saving methods, all efforts to develop or select high-efficiency lamps in the brightness of the bulbs, and outside the lighting control to improve the purpose of power saving, but has long been neglected is a natural The light source is the dawn (also known as natural light or natural light), which is completely free of charge. If it can be effectively used to introduce indoor light as lighting, it can greatly reduce the loss of petrochemical energy. Energy saving and carbon reduction, reducing the global warming effect. In response to this issue, experts and R&D teams from various countries have invested in research. The way to introduce natural light into building houses can be roughly divided into direct and indirect methods. The direct method is to introduce natural light into the house for lighting use; The indirect method is to convert the sunlight into electricity for use in the lighting system. In the latter case, the solar cell module is used for photoelectric conversion. Because of its low conversion efficiency and high equipment cost, the former is disadvantageous. The former can directly increase the utilization efficiency of solar energy by directly introducing sunlight into indoor applications. Since direct use of natural light for illumination does not require the use of electricity or reduced use, but also has energy-saving and carbon-reducing effects, thereby reducing the use of fossil fuels and reducing the greenhouse effect. Since 1983, the International Commission on Illumination has held four international architectural lighting seminars. The meeting, and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took the lead in proposing the "Green Lighting Project" in January 1991, and began to actively promote the concept of "Green Lights". Since then, natural lighting is the important thing of green lighting. Direction of development. In the literature (see Annex 1), the direct and indirect methods of using natural light illumination are described. Due to the limited efficiency of the fixed illumination system, in order to improve the efficiency of the illumination, the natural light illumination system with the pursuit of the sun is advocated. In the tracking system, the sun tracker can be divided into single-axis driving and dual-axis driving by mechanism. Generally speaking, the effect of two-axis simulation of the sun running track is better than that of the single axis, and the tracking method of controlling the driving shaft is controlled. It is divided into passive tracking and active tracking. The so-called passive tracking is to calculate the trajectory of the sun, and then let the tracker operate according to the calculated trajectory. Because the controller directly outputs the signal to the driving end, it is also called loop control. (open-loop). Active tracking is usually performed by a light sensor to detect the position of the sun, so that the tracker can be orthogonal to the sun. Since the output signal is negatively fed back to the input signal, it is also called closed-loop control. ). Many twin solar cells with single-axis active trackers increase power generation energy by 20-30% compared to fixed solar modules [5,6] Huang and Sun [7] propose simplified single-axis passive tracking. The tracker only needs to rotate three positions in one day instead of continuous tracking, so that the power generation efficiency can maintain a certain level, and the energy consumption of the tracker itself is effectively reduced, and the power generation cost is indirectly reduced. The two-axis tracker is mostly based on tracking [8,9], Balo [10] with a two-axis active tracker with a parabolic trough concentrator, and a parabolic trough concentrator with a fixed angle of 40° for sunshine. The amount of sunlight collected by the concentrator with the dual-axis tracker is about 46% higher than that of the fixed concentrator. Two-axis passive tracking [11] is mainly to simplify the control process, avoid noise interference in closed loop control and affect the sensing accuracy in the weather. Abdallah and Ni jmeh [12] use PLC as the control of the two-axis passive tracking mechanism. The program is tracked by the program calculation trajectory. The experiment uses a spectrometer equipped with a pyronometer and a direct solar radiation meter with an elevation angle of 32° for direct sunlight collection. It is found that the amount of sunshine collected by the tracker is higher than that of the fixed type. The amount of sunshine is about 41%. At present, the tracking mode of the dual-axis tracker is gradually combined with active and passive, which is generally called hybrid tracking [13]. The principle is to calculate the position of the sun with a central processing unit (microcomputer or controller), in combination with the sensor. The signal is corrected by negative feedback, so when the weather is cloudy, the movement of the tracker is not affected, and the tracking can be performed according to the calculated trajectory; in the case of fine weather, the position of the sun is calculated first. Correction is made, so it is faster than the traditional traditional active tracking and positioning, and it is more accurate than the general passive tracking. Due to the direct introduction of sunlight into the indoor lighting application, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is high. Therefore, in recent years, some research teams have realized the concept of direct introduction of sunlight into indoor applications, mainly with technical feasibility and economic benefits. Energy saving, easy replacement of components, consumer acceptance, etc., such as the UFO system proposed by the University of Athens, Department of Applied Physics, Tsangrassoulis, the combination of Fresnel lens and chasing device, collecting daylight and importing through optical fiber The indoor illuminator provides indoor illumination, with two 150W HID lamps, and the illuminator is also introduced via the optical fiber to compensate for the unstable sunshine or insufficient brightness [14]. In addition, Japan's HIMAWARI [15] with sunflower tracking light guiding system, Sunpipe and Olartube in the United Kingdom using metal tubes to transmit light, and the US Oak Ridge Hybrid Solar Lighting is a developing and testing phase of the sun. Light-illumination systems, which use artificial lighting to supplement the lack of natural light intensity fluctuations, some of which have become commodities and are integrated with buildings, but it can be seen that the light collection parts of these systems are large or complex, or The etendue ratio is not high, and it can be inferred that market acceptance is limited. Therefore, the future challenges of the development of new solar concentrators can be roughly divided into the following items: 1. Structure: light and thin and the aspect ratio of components must be at least 10; 2. Cost: cheap, easy to process And the components are simple; 3. Benefits: low light loss, high uniformity, and the etendue needs to be greater than 50%. Based on the prior art literature and technology, the present invention lacks the above-mentioned shortcomings. Therefore, the present invention utilizes a light guide, a tracking controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a transducing and energy storage system, a weather protection cover, and the like, and smoothly diffuses into the house. And the components of the mechanism are simple and light, easy to operate, easy to assemble and set, prevent rain and change, consume less battery power, have a long service life, and can operate without large electric power, and are used by a large number of consumers. Reducing the purpose of carbon removal and solving the lack of conventional technology is really a good product of environmental green technology.

The solar sun-tracking natural light illumination system of the invention mainly comprises a light guide, a chasing controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a power conversion and energy storage system, a weather protection cover and the like, and uses a chasing controller to sense the direction of the light source. Sending a telecommunication to make the two-axis tracking mechanism move toward the light source, so that the light guide disposed on the two-axis tracking mechanism can be smoothly diffused into the house for use, and the rain cover is protected by the protective cover, and the entire system utilizes the energy transfer and storage. The solar panel of the energy system can be stored and stored to the battery output for system application. Therefore, the indoor lighting and the system do not need external power, and the green energy technology products with energy saving, carbon saving and environmental protection are achieved.

The solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system of the invention can collect natural light during the daytime in a room with poor lighting, reduce the chance of indoor lighting, and in addition to filtering harmful ultraviolet rays in the room, and keeping the indoor lighting illumination in the daytime. It is not affected by time to maintain uniform brightness, so that the house has the effect of sunlight, and the components of the mechanism are simple, light, easy to operate, easy to assemble and set, and resistant to rain and water consumption. Long, it can operate without large electric power, and it can be used for consumption by the masses to reduce carbon emissions.

First of all, please refer to all the illustrations. The present invention relates to a solar tracking skylight system for illumination, which mainly uses a chasing system to introduce sunlight into indoor diffused lighting, and maintains indoor lighting illumination during daylight saving time. It is not affected by time to maintain uniform brightness, and the other part converts light energy into electrical energy for storage. It is self-sufficient for the application of the tracking system, completely eliminating the need for external power, thereby achieving zero carbon emission green energy technology products. Time: The solar solar tracking natural light illumination system of the present invention (refer to Figures 1 and 2) mainly includes a light guide 1, a chasing controller 2, a dual-axis tracking mechanism 3, a transduction and energy storage system 4, and weather protection The cover 5 is composed of a mechanism such as a double shaft tracking mechanism 3 as a base body. The double shaft tracking mechanism 3 is provided with a gear ring 30 forming a gear 31 on one side thereof, and a motor 32 is coupled thereto. The shaft end has a gear for facilitating coupling with the gear 31 of the gear ring 30 to drive the gear ring 30 to rotate horizontally. At the upper end surface of the gear ring 30, at least one rod 33 is provided, and the rod 33 is provided. A crossbar 34 is disposed, and a toothed rod 35 is formed at one end thereof. The toothed rod 35 is provided with a motor 36. The gears provided by the gear rod 35 are coupled with the toothed rod 35 to drive the horizontal rod 34 to rotate horizontally. The shaft tracking mechanism 3 has only the simplest design of the two-dimensional mechanism of the motor and the gear ring, and has the smallest component unit design, showing its simplicity, light weight, and easy operation characteristics; the light guide 1 is disposed in the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3 The light guide plate 10 and the light guide plate 11 are at least included, and the light guide plate 10 guides the light to the light guide plate 11. The light principle of light reflection, refraction, and scattering is used to directly introduce light energy into the house and diffuse into The uniform light source is used for illumination, that is, the light guide plate 10 is placed outdoors, and the light guide plate 11 is placed indoors. When the sun rises, natural light can be introduced outdoors, and the light is guided into the room through the total reflection function of the light guide plate 10, and then The light is radiated out at a multi-angle by the refraction function of the light-emitting plate 11. In order to maximize the performance of reflecting the natural light of the sun into the room, the surface of the light guide plate 10 has a light reflectance as large as possible and a light weight. The high-reflection light guide plate material of the invention is made of aluminum, stainless steel polished metal plate (such as stainless steel ultra-thin mirror panel or nickel-plated plastic sheet), glass mirror, etc., and the light-emitting plate 11 is coated with a layer of diffusion on the optical film. The film, applying the principle of optical diffusion, diffuses the light uniformly downward to achieve the purpose of uniform light emission, wherein the light guide plate 10 is disposed on the struts 34 of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3, and the light-emitting plate 11 is disposed on the double-axis tracking mechanism 3 In the gear ring 31, when the two-axis tracking mechanism 3 is actuated, it is guided by the slave light, and in order to take into account that the sunlight is too strong to damage the indoor and outdoor body, a filter plate 12 may be disposed on the light path to isolate harmful light such as ultraviolet rays. The light plate 12 can also be in the form of a coating or a filter glass to isolate harmful light. The position of the light plate 12 can also be placed on the inner surface of the weather protection cover 5 or the front and rear surfaces of the light guide plate 10; The energy storage system 4 is a device for converting solar light energy into electrical energy, and is disposed on the side of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3, and is composed of a solar panel 40 and an energy storage battery 41 for providing a chasing controller 2 and a dual axis. Tracking mechanism 3 series The use of electric energy to achieve the purpose of solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system does not require external power supply, wherein the solar panel 40-type polycrystalline silicon material can be electrically charged by utilizing its material characteristics when received by light, and then the electrical energy is transmitted by the wires provided by the body. The circuit board 42 is provided at the bottom end of the solar panel 40 to receive integrated power and then enters the storage and application of the battery 41. The solar panel 40 can be disposed on the pole 34 of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3 along with the mechanism. Obtain more sunshine light source time, obtain higher power to improve power generation efficiency; Chasing controller 2 is a tracking system for tracking the sun, which is located on the side of the two-axis tracking mechanism 3, and its position can be set in the gear ring 30 as needed. At a position of the light guide plate 10 or the light guide plate 11 and the like, the tracking controller 2 includes a plurality of photosensors 20 for detecting the light source and a circuit board 21 disposed at the lower end (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The circuit board is provided with at least a Schmitt circuit 22, an OPA amplifying circuit 23, a Wheatstone bridge circuit 24 and related protective electronic components, wherein the photoresistor 20 is also called a light conductor or a light sensor, A non-polarity electronic component has a photosensitive property, and when it is exposed to light, its resistance value changes with the intensity of the illumination due to the light conduction effect, that is, the greater the intensity of the light radiation, the smaller the resistance value thereof is. The Schmitt circuit 22 is used to obtain the alpha and gamma signals, and the signals obtained by the photoresistor 20 are input to a block circuit of the Schmitt circuit 22 to obtain α and γ signals, and the OPA amplifier circuit 23 The front-end Schmitt circuit 22 signal is properly amplified for proper identification, reading and output. The Wheatstone bridge circuit 24 is used to drive the motors 32 and 36 of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3, wherein the photoresistor 20 is provided. In the east, west, south and north directions of the system, the whole chasing controller 2 is operated by the photoresistor 20 to sense the intensity of the light source in four directions, and then input to the special circuit 22 for comparative analysis, and then enter the OPA amplifier circuit 23 to amplify. Identifying the read and output signals to the Wheatstone bridge circuit 24 for driving the motors 32, 36 of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3 to operate or not; the weather protection cover 5 is disposed on the outer edge of the dual-axis tracking mechanism 3 to wrap the entire mechanism Live, prevent strong wind and rain from entering the system to destroy the whole system operation. The weather protection cover 5 has light transmission characteristics to facilitate light source penetration to make the system use light; thereby the above components are installed on the roof or lighting point to form solar chasing natural light illumination. System 6 (see Figures 4, 5, and 6), you can set the system to start before sunrise. When it starts, the system will return to the origin. When it starts to operate, the tracking controller 2 tracks the sunlight position and sends a telecom command. The axis tracking mechanism 3 rotates in the direction of sunlight, and the light guide 1 is smoothly illuminating, and is diffused by the light-emitting plate 11 into a uniform light source to guide the light into the house 7 for illumination, and the lighting illumination in the room is not maintained during the daytime. Maintaining uniform brightness at the same time, so that the interior of the house is as bright as outside (see Figure 7). To ensure that the system is protected from rainwater damage and system life and normal operation, the entire system is covered by the weather protection cover 5. The operating power of the system comes from the energy conversion and energy storage system 4, which is generated by the solar panel 40 and stored in the battery 41 for self-sufficiency, so that no external power is needed. Therefore, in addition to the system itself, the system does not require external power, and the sunlight is introduced into the house so that the house does not need to use electric lighting to eliminate the lighting power, and it is safe, pollution-free, economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, when used in large quantities, After that, the power consumption can be reduced to a green environment with zero carbon emission. In summary, the components of the invention are simple and lightweight, easy to assemble and set, and resistant to rain, consume less battery power, and have a long service life. Therefore, it does not require large power to operate, and it can be used by consumers to achieve energy-saving and carbon-saving environmental green energy.

Furthermore, when the solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system 6 of the present invention is used in a large amount, the sun-tracking controller 2 can be set only by the main controller (see FIG. 8), and other indirect solar-tracking natural light illumination systems 8 No setting, the main control machine output telecommunications command each indirect solar chasing Japanese natural light lighting system 8 motor 32, 36 action can also achieve the purpose of chasing the day lighting, but also save the cost of the chasing controller 2 parts .

In addition, in order to improve the use efficiency of the present invention, under certain special conditions, the solar information library device 25 of the region may be disposed in the circuit board 21, for example, to burn a wafer type solar path. A chip, or a device with this function, which will record the entire year of the sun in a certain area (such as Taiwan) and burn it into the data. When the controller 2 is unable to function due to certain environmental influences, Then, the device is activated to rotate the biaxial tracking mechanism 3 in the direction of sunlight, automatically locate the sunlight angle at that time to collect light, and operate according to the path, so that the system does not stop operating and achieve the purpose of non-stop.

1‧‧‧Light guide

10‧‧‧Light guide plate

11‧‧‧Lighting plate

12‧‧‧Filter

2‧‧‧Chasing controller

20‧‧‧Photoresistors Photo resistor

21‧‧‧ boards

22‧‧‧Schmitt circuit Schmitt circuit

23‧‧‧OPA Amplifier Circuit Operational amplifier circuit

24‧‧‧ Wheatstone bridge circuit Wheatstone bridge circuit

25‧‧‧Solar Path Database Device

3‧‧‧Two-axis tracking mechanism

30‧‧‧Gear ring

31‧‧‧ Gears

32‧‧‧Motor

33‧‧‧ pole

34‧‧‧crossbar

35‧‧‧ toothed rod

36‧‧‧Motor

4‧‧‧Energy and energy storage systems

40‧‧‧ solar panels

41‧‧‧Battery

42‧‧‧ boards

5‧‧‧ weather protection cover

6‧‧‧Solar pursuit of Japanese natural light illumination system

7‧‧‧ inside the house

8‧‧‧Indirect solar chasing Japanese natural light illumination system

Figure 1 is an exploded view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the controller of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit of the controller of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the action of chasing the sun of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the action of chasing the sun of the present invention.

Figure 7 shows a light guiding embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-machine implementation host control application mode of the present invention.

Annex 1: Literature Reference

1. . . Light guide

2. . . Chasing controller

3. . . Dual axis tracking mechanism

4. . . Energy transfer and energy storage system

5. . . Weather protection cover

6. . . Solar chasing Japanese natural light lighting system

Claims (4)

A solar tracking skylight system for illumination, which mainly comprises a light guide, a chasing controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a transduction and energy storage system, a weather protection cover, and the like. The shaft tracking mechanism is a base body, and has a gear ring, and a gear is formed on one side thereof, where the motor is coupled, and a support rod is arranged on the end surface of the gear ring, a cross bar is arranged on the support rod, and a toothed rod is arranged at one end, and the gear is provided at the end The light guide is provided with a light guide plate, a light guide plate and a filter plate. The light guide plate is disposed on the support rod, and the light guide plate is disposed in the gear ring, and the filter plate is disposed on the light path of the light guide plate and the light guide plate to isolate harmful light. The chasing day controller is set in a dual-axis tracking mechanism, and has a photoresistor at the lower end of the circuit board. The circuit board is provided with at least a Schmitt circuit, an OPA amplifying circuit, and a Wheatstone bridge circuit to track the application; The energy storage system is disposed on the side of the dual-axis tracking mechanism, and is composed of a solar panel and a battery and a circuit board to store electric energy applications; the weather protection cover is disposed on the outer edge of the dual-axis tracking mechanism to wrap the entire mechanism, The light transmission characteristic facilitates the penetration of the light source; the above composition is set at the lighting point to form a solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system, which smoothly diffuses into uniform light and is introduced into the indoor illumination, so that the system and the illumination do not require external power, thereby achieving energy saving and carbon saving purposes. For example, the solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system described in claim 1 mainly comprises a light guide, a chasing controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a transduction energy storage system, a weather protection cover, and the like, wherein The chase-day controller can be set only on the main control unit, and other indirect solar chasing-type natural light illumination systems are not provided. The main control unit outputs telecommunications to command another implementation of the indirect solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system. purpose. For example, the solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system described in claim 1 mainly includes a light guide, a chasing controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a conversion energy storage system, a weather protection cover, and the like, and In order to improve efficiency, it can be set on the circuit board. The solar path database device is used throughout the year. When the tracking controller is limited and cannot be operated, the device is activated to activate the dual-axis tracking mechanism, and the sun is automatically positioned at that time. The light angle is used for daylighting and operates according to the path to achieve non-stopping. The solar-powered Japanese-style natural light illumination system described in claim 1 mainly comprises a light guide, a chasing controller, a dual-axis tracking mechanism, a transduction and energy storage system, a weather protection cover, and the like. The double-axis tracking mechanism is a base body, and has a gear ring, and a gear is formed on one side thereof, where the motor is coupled, and a support rod is arranged on the end surface of the gear ring, the cross rod is provided on the support rod, and the toothed rod is disposed at one end, where The light guide is provided with a light guide plate, a light guide plate and a filter plate, wherein the light guide plate is disposed on the support rod, and the light guide plate is disposed in the gear ring, and the filter plate is disposed on the light path of the light guide plate and the light guide plate to isolate harmful Light, in addition, the filter can be a coating or a filter glass to isolate harmful light.