TWI397253B - Motor multi - stage current limiting control device and method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Motor multi-stage current limiting control device and method thereof

The invention relates to a motor control device and method, in particular to a motor control and method with a multi-stage current limiting mechanism, so that the motor can achieve the high acceleration and high endurance requirements under the condition of a fixed power supply.

In general, in the control of current-driven motors, in order to avoid excessive current or spike signals, it may not only adversely affect current efficiency and cost, but also increase audible noise. Therefore, in its motor control system, there is a current limiting control device. When the controller encounters a current overload condition, the controller will start to limit the current output, so that the motor is maintained below a maximum limiting current to avoid the motor coil and the controller power. The component was burned.

In practice, the motor control system is provided with a microcontroller to drive the motor according to the drive input voltage signal command (0~100%) (the voltage value is defined according to the design), when the microcontroller detects When the input drive voltage signal is 0%, the motor control system does not perform the output action, and when the microcontroller detects that the drive input voltage signal is 100%, the motor control system is in the full output (100%) state.

Generally, a microcontroller having a current limiting mechanism uses a current detecting circuit to feed back a current magnitude signal to a motor controller. The motor control system sets an upper limit value of the current protection according to actual application conditions. When the motor input current exceeds this upper limit value, the motor controller will cut or reduce the drive output voltage signal, limit the current output to protect the motor coil and the controller power components from burning.

However, in the current brushless motor controller with current limiting mechanism, only a single current upper limit value is set to protect the motor and the control system, so the application cannot meet various usage conditions and conditions, for example, in an electric vehicle. At the same time, the brushless motor has the requirements and limitations of acceleration and endurance. When the current motor controller uses a single current upper limit protection, it cannot fully meet the two application requirements of acceleration and endurance. If the upper limit of the current is set too large, the acceleration of the electric vehicle can be improved, but the endurance will decrease due to the large electric energy consumption; if the current upper limit is set too small, the endurance of the electric vehicle will be improved, but The acceleration performance of the vehicle is bound to decline. When the brushless motor is applied to an electric vehicle, the balance between the acceleration and the endurance force can only be obtained according to the current upper limit value, and the double acceleration requirement and the high endurance force are not required.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage current limiting mechanism for brushless motor control and method. By detecting the magnitude and variation of the input driving input voltage signal, the current magnitude signal provided by the current detecting circuit is matched with The motor speed signal performs multi-stage current limit value setting control, so that the motor operation can achieve the double requirements of high acceleration and high endurance in the case of a fixed power supply.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a motor multi-stage current limiting control device for controlling and driving a motor, comprising: a driving circuit that is connected to a current input of a power source, and then provides a current output to the motor a motor for driving the motor; and a multi-stage current limiting microcontroller having a multi-stage current limit value of a high current limit value and a normal current limit value, wherein at least two are higher than a normal current limit value The current limiting value is used to provide driving output signals of different current limiting current setting values to the driving circuit in different situations.

Wherein, the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller is provided with a driving input signal by a driving input circuit for external operation control, for determining a reference value of the driving output signal of the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller; and sensing by the rotation speed detecting circuit The motor speed provides a speed signal for determining the reference value of the driving output signal of the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller; and detecting, by a current detecting circuit, the current output of the driving circuit to provide a current detecting signal for the multi-stage current limiting The reference value of the drive output signal of the microcontroller.

The invention provides a motor multi-stage current limiting control method, which is configured to set a multi-stage current limit value of a high current limit value and a normal limit current value through a multi-stage current limiting microcontroller, and provide different stages according to the judgment reference value. The driving output signal of the limited current setting value of the size is given to a driving circuit, wherein the multi-stage current limiting value has at least two high current values higher than the normal current limit value; the driving circuit is connected to a current input of the power source according to the foregoing The current limit setting of the drive output signal provides a current output to the motor for driving the motor.

Wherein, the reference value is determined by a driving input circuit to receive the external operation control to provide a driving input signal to the multi-stage current-limiting microcontroller and the amount of change in a certain period of time; a speed detecting circuit senses the motor speed to provide a speed Signaling to the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller to determine whether the motor speed is greater than a speed value; a current detecting circuit detects a current detecting signal of the current output of the driving circuit, and determines whether the current output is in the multi-section limit The current limit of the current microcontroller is set.

Wherein, determining the reference value includes the maintenance time of each high-limit current value, controlling the time of the high-limit current value in the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller, preventing the driving circuit from outputting excessive current for a long time, and protecting the surrounding power components and The coil of the motor.

The invention has the advantages that the controller of the multi-stage current limiting mechanism detects the magnitude and variation of the input driving input voltage signal, and performs multi-stage current limiting value setting with the current magnitude signal and the motor speed signal provided by the current detecting circuit. The control can protect the power component of the controller and the state of the motor coil, so that the user can quickly increase the motor speed when the motor needs to rapidly increase the speed, thereby achieving the advantage of good acceleration; and the motor does not rapidly increase the speed. In the use state, the power consumption can be reduced.

The detailed description and technical contents of the present invention are described below with reference to the following drawings: Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention includes: a driving circuit 20 is connected to a current input 51 of a power source 50, and then provides a current. Output 21 to a motor 10 for driving the motor 10. The multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 has a multi-stage current limit value of a high current limit value and a normal limit current value, wherein at least two high limit current values are higher than the normal limit current value, which is different from the conventional one. The normal output current value and the high current limit value are provided, so that the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 can provide the driving output signal 31 of different current limit current setting values to the driving circuit 20 in different situations.

The determination reference value of the driving output signal 31 of the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 is controlled by a driving input circuit 41 for external operation control, and a driving input signal 411 is provided, and the rotation speed detecting circuit 42 senses the rotation speed of the motor 10. A current detection signal 431 is provided by a current detecting circuit 43 for detecting the current output 21 of the driving circuit 20.

Please refer to FIG. 2 again, which is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the present invention. The multi-stage current limiting control method in the present case is a multi-stage current limiting value set in the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30, and the driving output signal 31 of different current limiting current setting values is provided in stages according to the judgment reference value. Drive circuit 20.

The reference value is determined by the drive input circuit 41 to receive the external operation control to provide the drive input signal 411 (0~100%, the voltage signal value definition varies according to the design) to the size and the multi-stage current limit microcontroller 30. The amount of change of ΔT for a certain period of time is determined by the amount of change ΔV > X (301) of the drive input signal 411 in the time ΔT. When the driving input signal 411 of the driving input circuit 41 starts to increase from 0%, the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 in the control system detects the amount of change of the driving input signal 411 within a certain period of time when the driving input voltage is driven. When the change of the signal 411 in a short time exceeds the determination value X (ie, ΔV>X), it means that the user needs the motor 10 to rapidly increase the rotation speed, and the user controls the drive input signal 411 of the drive input circuit 41 by the external operation. The voltage value changes rapidly.

At this time, the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 also detects the current rotational state of the motor 10 from the rotational speed signal 421 of the rotational speed detecting circuit 42, and determines whether the rotational speed of the motor 10 is greater than a rotational speed value Y (Yrpm) (302). . It is assumed that the rotational speed signal 421 of the rotational speed detecting circuit 42 detects that the current rotational speed of the motor 10 is 0, indicating that the motor 10 is in a stopped state at this time, and if the user needs to rapidly increase the rotational speed of the motor 10, it is necessary to overcome the static friction. In the case of resistance and inertia resistance, the speed is rapidly increased. Therefore, a high current value A (a large current value setting) is given for a period of time in the setting of the current limit value, and the drive circuit 20 is obtained by the power source 50 at this time. The current input 51 provides a larger current output 21 to the motor 10 so that the motor 10 can quickly increase the speed.

Please refer to Figure 3 again. As shown in the figure, the high current value A of the upper limit current value can be divided into A1, A2 and A3. When the speed is rapidly increased, the high current values A1, A2 and A3 will be given for a while. T1, t2, t3, at this time, the drive circuit 20 obtains a large current input 51 from the power source 50, and the drive circuit 20 also has a large current output 21. At this time, the current detecting circuit 43 also detects the current output 21 of the driving circuit 20, and provides a current detecting signal 431 to determine whether the current output 21 is within the current limit current setting of the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30.

The sustain times t1, t2, and t3 of the high-limit current values A1, A2, and A3 can be set in a multi-stage according to the state of the actual motor 10, and when the maintenance times t1, t2, and t3 (total maintenance time Tmcp) are respectively reached, time>Tmcp (304), the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 sequentially lowers the limit current value setting value to a smaller setting state A1->A2->A3->normal limit current value B (305), which can mainly avoid the motor When a heavy load is encountered, even in a stalled state (the motor 10 is locked), the rotational speed cannot be smoothly increased, and the drive circuit 20 is prevented from outputting excessive current for a long time, and the power components in the system and the coil of the motor 10 are protected.

If the driving input signal drives the input signal 411 within a certain time ΔT, the change amount ΔV does not exceed the determination value X (301), indicating that the user does not need the rapid acceleration state, and the current limit value can be kept small at this time. Setpoint state - normal limit current value B (305), reducing current output consumption.

When the drive input signal 411 changes excessively for a short period of time (ΔT) to exceed the determination value X (ie, ΔV>X), but the motor 10 is above a certain rotational speed value Y (Yrpm) (302), this represents When the motor 10 does not need to overcome the static frictional resistance and the motor 10 has a rotational inertia, the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 sets the current limit value to be small, reducing the current output 21 consumption of the drive circuit 20.

The multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 through the multi-stage current limiting mechanism detects the magnitude and amount of change of the input driving input number 411, and the current magnitude signal provided by the current detecting circuit 43 is multi-staged with the rotational speed signal 421 of the motor 10. The current limit value setting control can protect the power component of the system and the coil of the motor 10, so that the user can quickly increase the rotational speed of the motor 10 when the motor 10 is required to rapidly increase the rotational speed, thereby achieving the advantage of good acceleration; In the state in which the motor 10 is not rapidly increasing the rotational speed, the consumption of electric energy can be reduced. In general electric vehicles, the battery is usually used as the power source 50. In addition to the advantages of the vehicle acceleration improvement, the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller 30 using the multi-stage current limiting control mechanism can also reduce the energy consumption of the battery and make the endurance. Two major advantages of promotion.

The invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that variations and permutations equivalent to those of the embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the following claims.

10. . . motor

20. . . Drive circuit

twenty one. . . Current output

30. . . Multi-stage current limit microcontroller

31. . . Drive output signal

41. . . Drive input circuit

411. . . Drive input signal

42. . . Speed detection circuit

421. . . Speed signal

43. . . Current detection circuit

431. . . Current detection signal

50. . . power supply

51. . . Current input

(301). . . The amount of change in the drive input signal during time ΔT ΔV>X

(302). . . Motor speed > Yrpm

(303). . . High current value A

(304). . . Time>Tmcp

(305). . . Normal current limit value B

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a graph of the current limit value and time of the present invention.

10. . . motor

20. . . Drive circuit

twenty one. . . Current output

30. . . Multi-stage current limit microcontroller

31. . . Drive output signal

41. . . Drive input circuit

411. . . Drive input signal

42. . . Speed detection circuit

421. . . Speed signal

43. . . Current detection circuit

431. . . Current detection signal

50. . . power supply

51. . . Current input

Claims (11)

A motor multi-stage current limiting control device for controlling and driving a motor includes: a driving circuit that is connected to a current input of a power source, and then provides a current output to the motor for driving the motor; A multi-stage current limiting microcontroller having a multi-stage current limit value of a high current limit value and a normal current limit value for providing driving output signals of different current limit current setting values to the foregoing driving circuit in different situations . The motor multi-stage current limiting control device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage current limiting value has at least two high current values higher than a normal current limit value. The motor multi-stage current limiting control device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller is provided with a driving input signal by a driving input circuit for external operation control, and the multi-stage current limiting micro control The reference value of the drive output signal of the device. The motor multi-stage current limiting control device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller is configured to provide a rotation speed signal by a rotation speed detecting circuit for sensing the motor speed, and the multi-stage current limiting micro control The reference value of the drive output signal of the device. The motor multi-stage current limiting control device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller detects a current detecting signal of the driving circuit by a current detecting circuit for providing a current detecting signal for The judging reference value of the driving output signal of the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller. A multi-stage current limiting control method for controlling and driving a motor includes: a multi-stage current limit value for setting a high current limit value and a normal limit current value through a multi-stage current limiting microcontroller, and Determining the reference value and providing driving output signals of different current limit current setting values to a driving circuit; the driving circuit is connected to a current input of the power supply, and providing a current output according to the current limit setting value of the driving output signal The motor is for driving the motor. The motor multi-stage current limiting control method according to claim 6, wherein the multi-stage current limiting value has at least two high current values higher than a normal current limit value. The motor multi-stage current limiting control method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the determining reference value is controlled by a driving input circuit to receive an external operation control to provide a driving input signal to the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller. The amount of change in time. The motor multi-stage current limiting control method according to claim 6, wherein the determining reference value is obtained by a speed detecting circuit sensing the motor speed to provide a speed signal to the multi-stage current limiting microcontroller, and determining the motor Whether the speed is greater than a speed value. The motor multi-stage current limiting control method according to claim 6, wherein the determining reference value is a current detecting signal, and a current detecting circuit detects whether the current output of the driving circuit is at the multi-stage current limit. The current limit of the microcontroller is set. The motor multi-stage current limiting control method according to claim 6, wherein the determining reference value includes a holding time of each high-limit current value to prevent the driving circuit from outputting an excessive current for a long time.