TWI396064B - Hcpv演算法結合bipv於直流電力系統之應用裝置 - Google Patents

Hcpv演算法結合bipv於直流電力系統之應用裝置 Download PDF

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TWI396064B
TWI396064B TW98132227A TW98132227A TWI396064B TW I396064 B TWI396064 B TW I396064B TW 98132227 A TW98132227 A TW 98132227A TW 98132227 A TW98132227 A TW 98132227A TW I396064 B TWI396064 B TW I396064B
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power
solar
hcpv
bipv
storage
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TW98132227A
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TW201111941A (en
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Ting Chia Ou
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Atomic Energy Council
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Description

HCPV演算法結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置
本發明係有關於一種HCPV演算法結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置,尤指一種以多項式演算法來表示HCPV之電壓與電流關係並結合BIPV之特性曲線來完成具最大功率追蹤模型之太陽能發電裝置。
傳統之太陽能電池等效電路單二極體之模型係由一個電流源與一至二個二極體並聯表示,係由一個穩定電流源、雙極體及電阻所構成,會受到日光照度、太陽電池材料、環境溫度、太陽能板擺設位置、方向及所在空間之經緯度以及太陽能面板內部電路設計等影響其充電效率。另外,由於聚光型太陽能(High Concentration.Photovoltaic,HCPV)發電模組,其主要特徵係在於改良傳統聚光型太陽能發電模組之光學透鏡部分。也因此HCPV發電模組其光伏發電板之發電特性曲線呈非線性,更會隨著追日控制之移動定位而使其光伏發電板之輸出功率產生擾動現象,使電壓(V)電流(A)與功率(P)間之特性曲線更具非線性。
有鑑於HCPV發電係一項重要技術,可提升光伏發電板之發電量,惟習用之HCPV發電模組往往僅利用單項之發電裝置,未能充份彰顯太陽能發電之多樣性及混合運用之功能,且習用之最大功率追蹤電路以擾動觀察法當作最大功率之追蹤流程,如此並無法真正表示HCPV之發電特性,且可能僅得到局部性最佳功率點,而非真正最大功率操作點。故,一般 習用者係無法符合使用者於實際使用時之所需。
本發明之主要目的係在於,克服習知技藝所遭遇之上述問題並提供一種以多項式演算法來表示HCPV之電壓與電流關係並結合BIPV之特性曲線來完成具最大功率追蹤模型之太陽能發電裝置。
本發明之次要目的係在於,提供一種混合HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量可提高系統利用率,並透過最大功率控制,俾利達到真正運用太陽能及節能技術之目的者。
為達以上之目的,本發明係一種HCPV演算法結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置,至少包含一太陽能發電模組、一儲存電能組(Storage Bank)、一最大功率轉換器(MPPT Converter)、一換流器(Inverter)及一直流匯流排(DC Bus)所構成。可結合HCPV/BIPV太陽能所產生之電能經由該最大功率轉換器處理後,透過與儲存電能組並聯作為電壓變動緩衝,並可直接提供至直流匯流排使用,並可將多餘之電能饋入市電中;反之,若HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量遠不足反應需量時,亦可調度市電或其它電網來供應不足之需量。
請參閱『第1圖』所示,係本發明之架構示意圖。如圖所示:本發明係一種HCPV演算法結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置,本發明係至少包含一太陽能發電模組11、一儲存電能組(Storage Bank)12、一最大功率轉換器(MPPT Converter)13、一換流器(Inverter)14及一直流匯流排(DC Bus)15所構成。藉此,混合HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量可提高系統利用率,並透過最大功率控制,俾利達到真正運用太陽能及節能技術之目的。
該太陽能發電模組11係用以將一太陽能源轉換成電能,並輸出至該直流匯流排15,其中,該太陽能發電模組11係為結合兩組以上且均安裝追日系統控制器之高聚光太陽能光電板(High Concentration.Photovoltaic,HCPV)、以及一建築整合型太陽能光電板(Building-Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV)者。
該儲存電能組12係為可充放電以作為該太陽能源之儲能設備,並用以緩衝該直流匯流排15上之電壓,該儲存電能組12亦可由多個儲存電能組並聯接至該直流匯流排15取代此單一儲存電能組12。
該最大功率轉換器13係連接於該太陽能發電模組11與該儲存電能組12之間,一方面係用以將該太陽能發電模組11輸出之電能轉換為該儲存電能組12得以儲存之電源,另一方面係用以穩定該太陽能發電模組11輸出之電壓且供應輸出至該直流匯流排15,並監控該直流匯流排15上之電壓,當電壓超出跳脫設定值時,係將該儲存電能組12跳脫且關閉電力系統。
該換流器14係經由該直流匯流排15與一交流電網(AC Grid)2相連接,其中,該儲存電能組12或換流器14可連結動態電壓回復器,來提供一高電力品質的供電來供給交流負載或賣電至交流電網。以上所述,係構成一全新HCPV 演算法結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置。
基於HCPV之電壓與電流關係為非線性關係,茲以多項式表示該HCPV之電壓與電流關係如下所示: 其中,變數i(x)及v(x)為該HCPV於離散時域(Discrete Time Domain)之輸出電流及輸出電壓,P為多項式之參數。為便於表示,以向量及矩陣表示如下:I =[i (1 ),i (2 ),i (3 ),...i (x )] T , P =[p 0 ,p 1 ,p 2 ,...p n ] T ,輸出向量I可表示如下:I =V T P ,該方程式係可應用於即時系統,尤其當多項式之階數係相當小以避免由於穩定度干擾結果之精確。誤差向量可表示如下:∥ε2 =∥I -V T P2 ,依據最小平方曲線理論,預估參數之向量可表示如下: 因此,利用上述之計算,即可得到該HCPV之輸出電流 及輸出電壓。
據此,本發明之最大功率轉換器可以多輸入功率轉換系統將複數個再生能源整合,並直接輸出至直流匯流排。請參閱『第2圖』所示,係本發明一較佳實施例之方塊組合示意圖。如圖所示:當本發明於運用時,於一較佳實施例中,上述可結合HCPV/BIPV之太陽能發電模組11,其提供之太陽能所產生之電能經由該最大功率轉換器13處理後,透過與該儲存電能組12並聯作為電壓變動緩衝,並可直接提供至該直流匯流排15供應一直流負載3使用,而其中多餘之電能再經由該換流器14作直交流轉換,透過一交流匯流排41供應於一交流負載4使用或將電力饋入市電中;反之,若HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量遠不足反應其需量時,亦可調度市電或其它電網來供應不足之需量。
如是可知,本裝置除了可將擷取自太陽能發電模組之太陽能供給至直流負載使用外,亦可將多餘之能量即時饋入市電端賣電至台電交流電網;而當本裝置於能量不足以供給之時,則可經由市電調度給直流側負載使用。
藉此,本發明混合HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量,其中HCPV係具備定位追日控制之結構,且以多項式演算法來表示HCPV之電壓與電流關係並結合BIPV之特性曲線來完成具最大功率追蹤模型之太陽能發電裝置,並可配合HCPV/BIPV之輸出電力調度最佳化策略,提高系統利用率,藉以達到混合運用太陽能發電裝置,使太陽能量轉移能真正達最大功率追蹤之效用,進而提升其能源轉換效率及節能技術之目的。
綜上所述,本發明係一種HCPV演算法結合BIPV於直流 電力系統之應用裝置,可有效改善習用之種種缺點,係混合HCPV/BIPV之輸出能量,且HCPV係具備定位追日控制之結構,可以多項式演算法來表示HCPV之電壓與電流關係並結合BIPV之特性曲線來完成具最大功率追蹤模型之太陽能發電裝置,並可配合HCPV/BIPV之輸出電力調度最佳化策略,提高系統利用率,藉以達到混合運用太陽能發電裝置,使太陽能量轉移能真正達最大功率追蹤之效用,以提升其能源轉換效率及節能技術之目的,進而使本發明之產生能更進步、更實用、更符合使用者之所須,確已符合發明專利申請之要件,爰依法提出專利申請。
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍;故,凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。
11‧‧‧太陽能發電模組
12‧‧‧儲存電能組
13‧‧‧最大功率轉換器
14‧‧‧換流器
15‧‧‧直流匯流排
2‧‧‧市電端
3‧‧‧直流負載
4‧‧‧交流負載
41‧‧‧交流匯流排
第1圖,係本發明之架構示意圖。
第2圖,係本發明一較佳實施例之方塊組合示意圖。
11‧‧‧太陽能發電模組
12‧‧‧儲存電能組
13‧‧‧最大功率轉換器
14‧‧‧換流器
15‧‧‧直流匯流排
2‧‧‧市電端

Claims (3)

  1. 一種HCPV結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置,係包括:一太陽能發電模組,該太陽能發電模組係用以將一太陽能源轉換成電能,並輸出至一直流匯流排(DC Bus),其中,該太陽能發電模組係為結合兩組以上且均安裝追日系統控制器之高聚光太陽能光電板(High Concentration.Photovoltaic,HCPV)、以及一建築整合型太陽能光電板(Building-Integrated Photovoltaic,BIPV),由HCPV最大功率演算法以多項式關係式結合BIPV完成最大功率追蹤者;一儲存電能組(Storage Bank),該儲存電能組係為可充放電以作為該太陽能源之儲能設備,並用以緩衝該直流匯流排上之電壓;一最大功率轉換器(MPPT Converter),該最大功率轉換器係連接於該太陽能發電模組與該儲存電能組之間,一方面係用以將該太陽能發電模組輸出之電能轉換為該儲存電能組得以儲存之電源,另一方面係用以穩定該太陽能發電模組輸出之電壓且供應輸出至該直流匯流排,並監控該直流匯流排上之電壓,當電壓超出跳脫設定值時,係將該儲存電能組跳脫且關閉電力系統;以及一換流器(Inverter),該換流器係經由該直流匯流排與一交流電網(AC Grid)相連接。
  2. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之HCPV結合BIPV於直流電力系統之應用裝置,其中,該儲存電能組亦可由多個儲存電能組並聯電容接至該直流匯流排取代此單一儲存電能組。
  3. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之HCPV結合BIPV於直流電 力系統之應用裝置,其中,該儲存電能組或換流器可連結動態電壓回復器,來提供一高電力品質的供電來供給交流負載或賣電至交流電網。
TW98132227A 2009-09-24 2009-09-24 Hcpv演算法結合bipv於直流電力系統之應用裝置 TWI396064B (zh)

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US12/690,340 US8314512B2 (en) 2009-09-24 2010-01-20 DC power system using HCPV and BIPV modules

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