九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種汽缸頭結構，尤指一種適用於機車 或其他引擎動力裝置之汽缸頭結構。 【先前技術】 &弓I擎汽缸頭之設計有多種類型，例如可區分成一體式 汽红頭、及分離式汽紅頭’其中分離式汽缸頭主要是將汽 缸頭構造上半部分離出一汽缸頭蓋。分離式汽缸頭之設計 在習知上主要又有如下三種形態：分離式凸輪軸座、一體 式=輪軸座、以及汽缸頭/凸輪軸座一體成型。圖丨為一體 式汽缸頭1之示意圖；圖2至圖4則分別繪示上述三種分離式 汽缸頭，但圊2與圖3皆已將汽缸頭蓋省略。 分離式汽紅頭的優點在於調整汽門間隙比一體式汽缸 頭方便，故有助於維修。圖2之分離式凸輪軸座的缺點除汽 缸頭的整體剛性較弱外，凸轴轴座為上下對開之定位轴承 斤、.成為了形成完整定位軸承座必須先組合加工再將 二刀解，導致製程複雜而成本增加。另外，上述三種分離 式’飞缸頭中，一體式凸輪軸座、及汽缸頭與凸輪轴座一體 成型二者的剛性較高’且沒有分離式凸輪轴座 之定位轴承 座的製程複雜問題’因此常作為分離式汽缸頭的發展目標。 再者上述分離式汽缸頭之油路設計一直是令人困擾 的問題。圊2與圖3的汽缸頭油路主要是使潤滑油依序經過 螺栓通道4(9)、搖臂軸内埋油道5(1G)、及搖臂出油孔6(11) 1378177 而^外賴出。但此種油路型態會造成搖臂轴2⑺及搖臂 (8)之設計複雜化，成本較高且出油量較小。 在圖4中，汽紅頭16與凸輪轴座18為一體成型其汽缸 =油路包括需於汽红頭16之結合面12下方額外設置之一潤 二’由通道14 ’此濁滑油通道M經過螺栓通道13，並開口於 疋位轴承座15之油室（圖中未示出）。至於潤滑油通道Μ另一 端則將之封閉形成-封閉端17(栓塞未繪出）。 刖述油至疋指開設於定位軸承座内、用於與凸 部中空槽相連通之空間，其主要提供潤滑油直接進入凸輪 轴之途獲。 凸輪軸座18之主體部分為平行設置之一對前、後定位 轴承座，且一座體間係具有相連結而成為一體之關係。另 外凸輪轴座18上還設有兩組搖臂支擇孔21用以放置搖臂 裝置（圖未示）。汽缸頭Μ與汽缸頭蓋2〇組裝結合時，螺检件 15 22穿通螺栓通道13突出於凸輪軸座18之頂緣面⑻，最後鎖 附於α紅頭蓋20，》飞缸頭蓋2〇之底部面會對應結合於結合 .面12上。汽缸頭蓋2〇與凸輪軸座18之頂緣面ΐ8ι間還夾設有 業界慣用、用以平均鎖附力量之墊片19。 潤滑油即依序經過螺栓通道13、潤滑油通道14而至定 20位軸承座15表面排出潤滑。此種油路設計其加工路徑較 長，且其加工性受汽缸頭結合面12之高度影響。而且由於 封閉端17是位在汽缸頭16外部，若因加工不良或事後元件 變異而導致封閉失效，濶滑油便會外沒而損失並汗染環境。 因此本發明是為了提供一種簡單而有效的引擎汽缸頭 6 c S ) 1378177 之油路結構，解決擾人的油路設計問題。 【發明内容】 本發明之引擎汽缸頭結構包括一汽缸頭蓋、一汽缸 ，、及-凸輪轴座。上述汽缸頭包括有_結合面，汽缸頭 盍係結合於結合面。 10 凸輪軸座是固設在汽缸頭 亚 包括有一第一定位軸承 座、-螺栓通道、及-内埋通道’其中内埋通道連通於定 位軸承座之油室’定位軸承座之頂緣面凹設有一座頂槽， 座頂槽連通螺栓通道及内埋通道，且座頂槽上方覆^一 阻擋板。 …藉由上述結構，可將阻擋板當作一般鎖附墊片來產生 平均受力的效用，而且本發明之引擎汽虹頭結構可以利用 15 模具設計而-體成型製作丨，省名p習知通道加工之步驟。 上述阻擋板可為门型板或一字型板。上述凸輪轴座可 更包括有獨立且相對於[定位軸承座之—第二以立轴承 座°在二定絲承座互為獨立之結構下，若採和型 板將其跨接鎖附在二定位抽承座之頂緣面上，.更具有抑制 二定位轴承座受搖臂機構_、維持凸輪軸座結構完整性 之功效。第-、二定位轴承座之頂緣面可高於搖臂轴支严 孔’使前述結構維持效果更佳。 牙 上述凸輪軸座與汽缸頭可為一體成型、或互為獨立分 20 1378177 •. 【實施方式】 參考圖5與圖6,分別為本發明-較佳實施例之分離式 汽缸頭分解圖、及立體圖。本實施例，所描述者係為一且有 分離式汽缸頭之機車引擎，其中汽缸頭32與凸輪轴座⑽ 5 -體成型者1特別說明的是，本發明之汽缸頭構造並不 -限於實施例之機車用途，其他引擎動力裝置例如割草機亦 同樣適用。 • 圖中顯示出—汽红頭蓋31、-汽紅頭32、-凸輪軸座 33、以及一凸輪軸驅動輪38，汽缸頭32係透過四鎖附螺栓 10 36固定於汽缸（圖未示）上。汽缸頭32具有一環狀結合面 321 ’汽缸頭蓋31即是結合於汽缸頭32之結合面321上。 凸輪軸座33是一體地固定在汽缸頭32上，且凸輪轴座 33主要包括第一定位軸承座331、與第二定位軸承座μ]、 及成對位於每一定位軸承座兩側之四螺栓通道（為求簡 15化，圖中僅標示其中一螺栓通道333)。螺栓通道是延伸於 包括n*缸頭32與凸輪軸座33二者内部之通孔。 ® 二定位轴承座331與332是相互獨立且對置，並有二搖 臂機構組39與40分別可枢轉地套設在二定位軸承座331與 332之間。第一定位軸承座331之頂緣面335還凹設有一座頂 20 槽 34。 此處另同時參考圖7。在凸輪軸座33内，也是在第一定 位軸承座331内，形成有一内埋通道334,其連通至定位軸 承座331之油室337。上述設於頂緣面335之座頂槽34兩端分 別與螺栓通道333、及内埋通道334連通。 1378177 在進行汽紅頭32鎖固於汽缸之前，先使用一阻擋板35 覆蓋住座頂槽34，本例中為一门型板。此门型阻擋板35除 覆蓋住座頂槽34外、更延伸位於四鎖附處近旁，亦即阻擋 板35是同時跨置在二定位軸承座331與332之頂緣面335與 5 336上。 ' 來自潤滑油箱之潤滑油之流動路徑為：經汽缸頭32内 與凸輪軸座33内之螺栓通道333、座頂槽34、内埋通道334， 最後進入油室337。 •由上述可知，當進行鎖附步驟時，阻擋板35亦可發揮 10鎖附墊片之功效、不須另外使用正規之墊片構件。本發明 之油路結構即使在座頂槽34上方之阻擋板35遮蔽不甚完整 而導致微量漏油時，潤滑油仍是留置在汽缸頭32内而不會 造成損失與汙染環境。 而本發明之另一優點在於上述汽缸頭結構是可透過模 15具°又°十而一次成型出，不須如習知之設計般進行油路孔洞 加工、栓塞封閉等步驟（如圖4)，可節省相當的製程時間。 > 此外，在搖臂機構組39與40運轉受力過程中，會發生 二獨立且相對之定位軸承座331與332受搖臂機構組％與仂 振動擴撐之作用而有分離傾向，對於搖臂機構組39斑40之 20運動特性的確實性有不良影響。而利用本實施例之门型阻 擋板35則可在上述情形發生時將二定位轴承座331與332拘 束住增加剛性以維持結構的原始性。特別是在如本實施 例鎖附處，即定位軸承座331之頂緣面335是高於用於支撐 .搖臂機構組之搖臂軸支撐孔37之情況中，此種门型阻擋板 1378177 35因為是在變位最大處發揮限制拘束之功能，因此有較佳 ‘ 的維持效果。 雖在本實施例中汽缸頭結構特徵是實施於第一定位軸 承座331，但當然也可以設計在靠近凸輪轴驅動輪38之第二 5 定位軸承座332，此為熟知此技藝者可輕易思及之變化。 參考圖8,其為本發明第二較佳實施例之分離式汽缸頭 分解圖。本實施例中，汽缸頭42與凸輪轴座43為相互獨立 分件，需透過鎖附方式將凸輪軸座43固定在汽缸頭42上。 ® 另外，二定位軸承座431與432具有相連之關係，亦即於兩 10 側旁各以連接側壁435a與435b而連接，有二搖臂機構組 436a與436b對應樞設在二連接側壁435a與435b。 同樣地，於第一定位軸承座431之頂緣面437上凹設一 座頂槽44，分別與螺栓通道433及内埋通道434相連通。一 门型阻擋板45跨接鎖附在二定位軸承座431、432之頂緣面 15 437、438上，除了作為覆蓋座頂槽44以形成油路、防止漏 油外，亦發揮鎖附墊片之功能。 • 參考圖9,係本發明第三較佳實施例之分離式汽缸頭分 解圖。本實施例大致與第一實施例相同，主要是說明阻擋 板51也可改用一字型板，其同樣可形成油路並防止潤滑油 •20 自座頂槽34洩漏出，且於第一定位轴承座331之鎖附處發揮 塾片之功效。 上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本發明所 主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限 於上述實施例。 10 【圖式簡單說明】IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cylinder head structure, and more particularly to a cylinder head structure suitable for use in a locomotive or other engine power unit. [Prior Art] There are many types of design of the cylinder head, such as an integral steam red head and a separate steam red head. The split cylinder head mainly separates the upper part of the cylinder head structure. Cylinder head cover. The design of the split cylinder head has three main forms in the prior art: a split camshaft seat, an integral = axle seat, and a cylinder head/camshaft seat integrally formed. The figure is a schematic view of the integrated cylinder head 1; Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 respectively show the above three separate cylinder heads, but both the 圊2 and Fig. 3 have omitted the cylinder head cover. The advantage of the split steam head is that it is easier to adjust the valve clearance than the integrated cylinder head, which is helpful for maintenance. The disadvantages of the split camshaft seat of Fig. 2 are that the overall rigidity of the cylinder head is weak, and the shaft bracket of the male shaft is the positioning bearing of the upper and lower sides. It is necessary to combine the machining and then the two-knife solution to form a complete positioning bearing housing. This leads to complex processes and increased costs. In addition, in the above three separate 'flying cylinder heads, the integrated camshaft seat, and the cylinder head and the camshaft seat are integrally formed with high rigidity, and the process of the positioning bearing housing without the separate camshaft seat is complicated. Therefore, it is often the development goal of a separate cylinder head. Furthermore, the design of the oil passage of the above-described split cylinder head has been a problem that has been plagued.汽缸2 and the cylinder head oil passage of Fig. 3 mainly make the lubricating oil sequentially pass through the bolt passage 4 (9), the rocker shaft inner oil passage 5 (1G), and the rocker oil outlet hole 6 (11) 1378177. Lay out. However, this type of oil path will complicate the design of the rocker shaft 2 (7) and the rocker arm (8), and the cost is high and the oil output is small. In Fig. 4, the steam red head 16 and the camshaft seat 18 are integrally formed. The cylinder = oil passage includes an additional one to be disposed below the joint surface 12 of the steam red head 16 by the passage 14 'the turbid oil passage M passes The bolt passage 13 is opened in the oil chamber (not shown) of the clamp bearing housing 15. As for the other end of the lubricating oil passage, it is closed to form a closed end 17 (the plug is not shown). The oil to the finger refers to the space that is opened in the positioning bearing seat and is used to communicate with the hollow groove of the convex portion, and mainly provides the way for the lubricating oil to directly enter the cam shaft. The main body portion of the camshaft seat 18 is disposed in parallel with respect to one of the front and rear positioning bearing housings, and the inter-body portions are connected and integrated. Further, the cam shaft holder 18 is provided with two sets of rocker arm receiving holes 21 for placing the rocker arm means (not shown). When the cylinder head Μ is assembled with the cylinder head cover 2, the screw detecting member 15 22 protrudes through the bolt passage 13 from the top edge surface (8) of the cam shaft seat 18, and finally is locked to the α red head cover 20, and the bottom of the flying cylinder head cover 2 The face will be correspondingly bonded to the face 12. A gasket 19 which is conventionally used in the industry for averaging the locking force is interposed between the cylinder head cover 2A and the top edge surface ΐ8 of the camshaft seat 18. The lubricating oil is sequentially lubricated through the bolt passage 13 and the lubricating oil passage 14 to the surface of the 20-position bearing housing 15. This oil path design has a long processing path and its workability is affected by the height of the cylinder head joint surface 12. Moreover, since the closed end 17 is located outside the cylinder head 16, if the sealing failure occurs due to poor processing or variability of the component after the event, the lubricating oil will be lost and the environment will be lost. The present invention is therefore intended to provide a simple and effective oil circuit structure for the engine cylinder head 6 c S ) 1378177 to solve the problem of disturbing oil passage design. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The engine cylinder head structure of the present invention includes a cylinder head cover, a cylinder, and a camshaft seat. The cylinder head includes a joint surface, and the cylinder head is coupled to the joint surface. 10 The camshaft seat is fixed to the cylinder head and includes a first positioning bearing seat, a bolt passage, and a buried passage, wherein the inner passage of the inner passage is connected to the oil chamber of the positioning bearing housing. There is a top slot, the top slot is connected with the bolt passage and the buried passage, and a blocking plate is arranged above the top slot. ... With the above structure, the barrier plate can be regarded as a general locking gasket to produce an average force, and the engine steam head structure of the present invention can be fabricated by using 15 mold design and body molding. Know the steps of channel processing. The blocking plate may be a door plate or a plate. The above-mentioned camshaft seat may further comprise an independent and relative to the [positioning of the bearing housing - the second vertical bearing housing ° in the structure of the two fixed wire sockets are independent of each other, if the mining and stencils are attached to the jumper The top edge of the two-position pumping socket has the effect of suppressing the two-position bearing housing by the rocker arm mechanism and maintaining the structural integrity of the camshaft seat. The top surface of the first and second positioning bearing seats can be higher than the rocker shaft to ensure the above structure is better maintained. The camshaft seat and the cylinder head may be integrally formed or independent of each other. 20 1378177. [Embodiment] Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, respectively, an exploded view of a split cylinder head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, And a perspective picture. In the present embodiment, the description is directed to a locomotive engine having a split cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head 32 and the camshaft seat (10) 5 - body former 1 specifically illustrate that the cylinder head configuration of the present invention is not limited to For locomotive applications of the embodiments, other engine power units such as lawn mowers are also suitable. • The figure shows a steam red head cover 31, a steam red head 32, a camshaft seat 33, and a camshaft drive wheel 38. The cylinder head 32 is fixed to the cylinder (not shown) via a four-lock bolt 1036. . The cylinder head 32 has an annular joint surface 321 '. The cylinder head cover 31 is coupled to the joint surface 321 of the cylinder head 32. The camshaft seat 33 is integrally fixed to the cylinder head 32, and the camshaft seat 33 mainly includes a first positioning bearing seat 331, a second positioning bearing housing μ, and a pair of four sides on each side of each positioning bearing housing. Bolt channel (for the sake of simplicity, only one of the bolt passages 333 is indicated in the figure). The bolt passage is a through hole extending through both the n* cylinder head 32 and the cam shaft seat 33. The two positioning bearing blocks 331 and 332 are independent and opposed to each other, and the two rocker mechanism groups 39 and 40 are pivotally sleeved between the two positioning bearing blocks 331 and 332, respectively. The top edge surface 335 of the first positioning bearing block 331 is also recessed with a top 20 slot 34. Here also refer to Figure 7 at the same time. In the camshaft seat 33, also in the first positioning bearing block 331, a buried passage 334 is formed which communicates with the oil chamber 337 of the positioning bearing housing 331. The two ends of the top groove 34 provided on the top edge surface 335 are in communication with the bolt passage 333 and the inner passage 334, respectively. 1378177 Before the steam red head 32 is locked to the cylinder, a top plate 34 is covered with a blocking plate 35, in this case a door plate. The door type blocking plate 35 is disposed in the vicinity of the four locking portions except the cover top groove 34, that is, the blocking plate 35 is simultaneously spanned on the top edge faces 335 and 5 336 of the two positioning bearing blocks 331 and 332. . The flow path of the lubricating oil from the lubricating oil tank is: through the bolt passage 333 in the cylinder head 32 and the cam shaft seat 33, the seat top groove 34, the buried passage 334, and finally into the oil chamber 337. • As can be seen from the above, when the locking step is performed, the blocking plate 35 can also function as a 10-locking spacer without using a separate spacer member. The oil passage structure of the present invention retains the lubricating oil in the cylinder head 32 even when the barrier plate 35 above the seat pan 34 is not completely shielded and causes a slight oil leakage without causing loss and environmental pollution. Another advantage of the present invention is that the cylinder head structure is permeable to the mold 15 and is formed at one time, and does not require the steps of oil passage hole processing and plug closure as in the conventional design (Fig. 4). Can save considerable process time. > In addition, during the operation of the rocker arm mechanism groups 39 and 40, two independent and opposite positioning bearing blocks 331 and 332 are separated by the rocker arm mechanism group % and the yaw vibration expansion, and there is a tendency to separate. The authenticity of the motion characteristics of the 20 of the rocker mechanism group 39 has an adverse effect. With the gate type baffle plate 35 of the present embodiment, the two positioning bearing blocks 331 and 332 can be restrained from increasing rigidity to maintain the originality of the structure when the above situation occurs. Particularly in the case of the locking portion as in the embodiment, that is, the top edge surface 335 of the positioning bearing block 331 is higher than the rocker arm shaft supporting hole 37 for supporting the rocker arm mechanism group, the door type blocking plate 1378177 35 Because it is a function that restricts restraint at the maximum position, it has a better maintenance effect. Although the cylinder head structural feature is implemented in the first positioning bearing block 331 in this embodiment, it is of course also possible to design the second 5 positioning bearing block 332 near the camshaft driving wheel 38, which is well known to those skilled in the art. And changes. Referring to Figure 8, there is shown an exploded view of a split cylinder head in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the cylinder head 42 and the camshaft seat 43 are independent of each other, and the camshaft seat 43 is fixed to the cylinder head 42 by a locking method. In addition, the two positioning bearing blocks 431 and 432 have a connected relationship, that is, the connecting side walls 435a and 435b are connected to the sides of the two 10 sides, and the two rocker arm mechanism groups 436a and 436b are respectively pivotally disposed on the two connecting side walls 435a and 435b. Similarly, a top groove 44 is recessed in the top edge surface 437 of the first positioning bearing block 431 to communicate with the bolt passage 433 and the inner passage 434, respectively. A door type blocking plate 45 is attached to the top edge faces 15 437, 438 of the two positioning bearing blocks 431, 432. In addition to covering the seat groove 44 to form an oil passage and preventing oil leakage, the locking pad is also used. The function of the film. Referring to Figure 9, there is shown a split view of a split cylinder head in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly to explain that the blocking plate 51 can also be replaced with a flat plate, which can also form an oil passage and prevent the lubricating oil 20 from leaking from the seat top groove 34, and is first. The locking portion of the positioning bearing seat 331 functions as a cymbal. The above-described embodiments are merely examples for the convenience of the description, and the scope of the claims is intended to be limited by the scope of the claims. 10 [Simple description of the diagram]
圖1係習知―體式汽虹頭立體I 圖2係、知具有分離式凸輪軸座之分離式汽缸頭立體圖。 係1知具有一體式凸輪軸座之分離式汽叙頭立體圖。 圖4係習知具有一體成型凸輪軸座/汽缸頭之分離式汽缸碩 立體圖。 圖5係本發明第一較佳實施例之分離式汽缸頭分解圖。 圖6係圖5之組裝立體圖，其中省略了汽缸頭蓋及榣臂機構 組’且汽缸頭與凸輪軸座部份斷開。 圖7係沿圖6之Α·Α線之剖視圖。 圖8係本發明第二較佳實施例之分離式汽缸頭分解圖。 圖9係本發明第三較佳實施例之分離式汽缸頭分解圖。 搖臂軸2,7 螺栓通道4,9，13 搖臂出油孔6,11 潤滑油通道14 汽缸頭16 凸輪軸座18 墊片19 播臂支撐孔21 【主要元件符號說明】 一體式汽紅頭1 搖臂3,8 搖臂軸内埋油道5，1 〇 結合面12 定位軸承座15 封閉端17 頂緣面181 汽缸頭蓋20 螺栓件22 1378177 汽缸頭蓋3 1 結合面321 定位軸承座331，332,431，432 内埋通道334,434 油室337 阻擋板35,45,51 榣臂軸支撐孔37 榣臂機構組39,40,436a，436b 汽缸頭32,42 凸輪軸座33,43 螺栓通道333,433 頂緣面 335,336,437,438 座頂槽34,44 鎖附螺栓36 凸輪軸驅動輪38 連接側壁435a，435bFig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional cylinder head stereo I. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a split cylinder head having a separate camshaft seat. A stereoscopic view of a separate steam head with an integral camshaft seat is known. Figure 4 is a perspective view of a conventional split cylinder having an integrally formed camshaft seat/cylinder head. Figure 5 is an exploded view of a split cylinder head in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is an assembled perspective view of Fig. 5, in which the cylinder head cover and the arm mechanism group ' are omitted and the cylinder head and the cam shaft seat are partially disconnected. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 图·Α of Figure 6. Figure 8 is an exploded view of a split cylinder head in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is an exploded view of a split cylinder head in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Rocker shaft 2,7 bolt channel 4,9,13 rocker oil outlet 6,11 oil passage 14 cylinder head 16 camshaft seat 18 washer 19 boom support hole 21 1 rocker arm 3,8 rocker shaft buried oil passage 5,1 〇 joint surface 12 positioning bearing seat 15 closed end 17 top edge surface 181 cylinder head cover 20 bolt member 22 1378177 cylinder head cover 3 1 joint surface 321 positioning bearing seat 331, 332,431,432 buried channel 334,434 oil chamber 337 blocking plate 35,45,51 榣arm shaft support hole 37 榣 arm mechanism group 39,40,436a,436b cylinder head 32,42 camshaft seat 33,43 bolt passage 333,433 top edge surface 335,336,437,438 Seat troughs 34,44 Locking bolts 36 Camshaft drive wheels 38 Connecting side walls 435a, 435b
(5 ) 12(5) 12