1363824 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種用來染色樣本筒子紗的染色機 【先前技術】 傳統上，紡織紗及線係藉由安裝在一筒子紗染色機 內的紗竹上的筒子紗（package )來加以染色。許多筒子 紗被裝入到一單機器內。一標準的筒子紗重約1·2公斤 且包含一大致相同的紗量。染液在由內而外的流動方向 (從紗竹的內部往外流經紗線到達筒子紗的外面）及由 外而內的流動方向這兩個方向上被循環通過該筒子紗。 染液體積對紗量的比例（浴比）決定染色的程度，如要 達到一所想要的顏色將需要一特定的浴比。 在紗及線的染色工業中，客戶通常會要求樣本以供 確認。通常，該樣本係藉由將一標準的1.2公斤紗筒子 紗染色來提供。此紗量大致上會比確認所需之量多了許 多，使得樣本的生產浪費許多化學物質，染料，紗/線及 能量。 有鑑於此，可染色一重量小於標準的1.2公斤的樣 本筒子紗。然而，如果使用一較小的筒子紗的話，很難 獲得一與用來染色許多標準筒子紗之大體積生產的染色 機相同的浴比。在浴比上的差異會造成不同的染色效果 ，使得在與最終產製的筒子紗相比較之下該樣本筒子紗 -4- (2) (2)136*3824 可能會具有顏色上的差異，因而認爲該樣本的製造是無 用的。而且，由於重復性很難確保的關係，將用於樣本 製造上的染色配方直接套用在大規模生產的製造機器上 是有其困難度的。 爲了要達到在該樣本染色中與在稍後的製造中相同 浴比’可使用一機器來製造樣本，該機器在一裝盛了一 體積的染液之容器中搖晃一小段長度的紗或線。雖然這 可解決樣本與最終產品之間浴比一致性的問題，但染色 原理卻與筒子紗染色機生產時所使用之藉著由內而外， 由外而內流動及對於染液劑量的控制來製造的染色原理 完全不同。因此，用在生產機器中的染色配方無法直接 套用在此類的樣本染色機上，因爲這將再度產生樣本與 產製紗線之間的差異。 【發明內容】 因此，本發明的第一方面係有關於一種用來將一樣 本筒子紗染色的染色機其包含：一缸身（kier ); —安裝 在該缸身內用來支撐樣本筒子紗的紗竹；及一染液循環 系統用以將染液循環通過被支撐在該紗竹上的該樣本筒 子紗；其中該缸身及該紗竹被建構來容納重量小於1.2 公斤的單一樣本筒子紗，及該染色機具有一能使得重量 小於1 · 2公斤的單一樣本筒子紗可使用約1 : 6的浴比（ liquor ratio)來染色的工作容量》 —種此結構的染色機因而可用一浴比來染製小尺寸 -5- (3) (3)136*3824 的紗線的樣本，該浴比與設計來容納許多筒子紗之大規 模製造的筒子紗染色機中一般所使用的浴比相符合。使 用與最終的紗線製造所使用之浴比相同的浴比來製造樣 本可在樣本上達到與最終產品相同的染色效果。該樣本 因而可作爲最終產品的真實代表，且可實施適當的樣本 評估。而且，被建構來只容納一個小樣本筒子紗及液體 體積少的該小尺寸染色機可節省空間，能量，時間及原 料。 該染液循環系統是可操作的，用以在由內而外的流 動方向及由外而內的流動方向這兩個方向上將染液循環 通過該樣本筒子紗。使用這兩個流動方向的染色循環被 用在產製筒子紗的染色機中。提供此染色循環的樣本機 器可讓所製造的樣本更能代表用量產機器所生產的最終 產品’因爲液體流動的安排會影響到染色結果。一雙流 向水泵可用以產生該由內而外及該由外而內的流動。這 比一般使用在一產製筒子紗染色機中之一單向水泵與一 複雜且體積大的換向裝置組合更適合一小樣本染色機。 在一些實施例中’該缸身的內部可被加壓。加壓可 讓該缸身內的液體被加熱至更高的溫度而無蒸發。因此 ，可用較小的內部液體體積來達到所想要的液體體積， 因爲只有很少或甚至沒有蒸發損失。該染色機可包含一 氣整用以加壓該缸身的內部。 該染色機更包含一液體出口，液體經由該液體出口 可從該缸身被排出。例如，該液體出口可包含一針閥。 -6- (4) (4)1363824 這可讓水在染色處理開始時被取出用以製備該染液，且 亦可讓染液樣本在染色處理後期被取出。一染液樣本可 被取得用以決定是否已達到所想要的染色結果，使得染 色處理可被小心地監視’以獲得一有品質的紗線樣本。 而且’該染色機更包含一液體入口，液體可經由該 液體入口被引入該缸身中。該液體入口包含一注射筒。 已製備好的染液可使用該液體入口被加入。一注射筒可 提供染液添加之高精確度的控制，這將會影響到染色的 結果。 在一些實施例中，該染色機可進一步包含一設置在 該缸身周圍的冷卻外套。而且，該染色機可進一步包含 一可操作的電加熱元件於該缸身內用以加熱該缸身內的 液體。一冷卻外套及一電加熱元件可取代一般使用在大 量生產的筒子紗染色機內的熱交換器。這些較小的且較 精巧的構件更適合小的樣本染色機，它可被使用在實驗 室中且無需供應熱交換器中所用的蒸汽。 該紗竹可包含一循環的染液無法滲透進入的內閉合 體積；及一外壁’筒子紗可安裝於其周圍且循環的染液 可穿過它來回地通過該筒子紗，該外壁環繞該內閉合體 積用以界定一環狀通道於該內閉合體積周圍，且該環狀 通道連接至該染液循環系統。該紗竹的閉合內部體積佔 據了在該染色機內會被塡滿該染液的空間。因此，整體 的工作容量可被減小，且可提供重量較小的紗線樣本所 需的浴比。 (5) (5)1363824 該染色機可進一步包含一可操作的電子控制器用來 提供實施於該缸身內之染色處理的自動化控制。該染色 處理因而可被更精確地實施。而且，減少在生產許多樣 本的實驗室內所需的操作員的數目。 再者，該染色機可包含一或多個具有相關聯的紗竹 與染液循環系統之額外的缸身，該電子控制器可進一步 用以提供每一缸身內之染色處理各別的自動化控制。這 可讓更多的樣本在一較小的空間內被製造，且可進一步 減少所需之操作員的數目。 本發明的第二方面係有關於一種用來支撐一筒子紗 於一染色機的缸身內的紗竹，該紗竹包含··一循環的染 液無法滲透進入的內閉合體積：及一外壁，筒子紗可安 裝於其周圍且循環的染液可穿過它來回地通過該筒子紗 ，該外壁環繞該內閉合體積用以界定一環狀通道於該內 閉合體積周圍，且該環狀通道可連接至一染液循環系統 其可操作用以將染液循環通過一被支撐在該紗竹上的筒 子紗。 雖然此種紗竹特別適合使用在依據本發明的第一方 面的樣本筒子紗染色機上，但它亦可被使用在大型染色 機上作爲改變浴比的結構。 【實施方式】 圖1顯示依據本發明的實施例的一樣本筒子紗染色 機的外部立體圖。該染色機具有一適合將一重量低於標 -8- (6) (6)1363824 準筒子紗的1.2公斤的單一樣本筒子紗染色。該染色機 可輕易地被安裝在一實驗室內，因此非常的方便。更重 要的是，該染色機是被設計來在與一大規模生產的筒子 紗染色機相同的方式下操作與作用，使得該製造染色機 制與浴比可被複製。因此，可製造出能夠被精確地複製 在製造規模上之經過染色的樣本。 詳言之，該染色機被建構來用一約1: 6的浴比來操 作。這是一般使用於生產筒子紗染色中的浴比。該浴比 爲產生所想要的染色結果所需之染液量對所需之紗線量 的比例。一筒子紗染色機具有一最小的染液體積，低於 此體積該染色機就不能作用，這即是塡入該染色機中如 以讓染液被適當地循環於該染色機周圍並通過筒子紗所 需之液體體積。這對於可在一適合的浴比下於該染色機 中被染色之紗線量亦施加一相對應的限制。在本發明中 ，該染色機具有一工作容量使得它可容納一個重量小於 1 · 2公斤的筒子紗及一相對應的循環染液量，用以達到約 1 : 6的浴比。 示於圖1中的染色機20包含一被稱爲缸身2的圓柱 形筒，一樣本筒子紗可被置於其中以進行染色。該缸身2 用一蓋子1蓋住。一小的管子21連接至該缸身2。該管 子21上設有一針閥4形式的液體出口，它可被用來從該 缸身中取出小量體積的液體（水或染液）。而且，該管 子上設有一液體入口，液體（水，染劑，染液）可經由 該液體入口被引入該缸身。用該液體入口將染劑或染液 -9- (7) 1363824 加入到該缸身中意指其可被視爲一注料系統。在此例子 中，該液體入口包含一注射筒3，使得少量的液體用精確 及可控制的方式被注入到該缸身中。 該缸身2被安裝在一機殼22上，該機殼包住一電子 控制器5其具有一可從機殻22的外面操作的控制板。控 制器5是可操作的，用以以一自動化的方式來控制該染 色機20的各式構件，使得一染色程序可被自動地實施。 ® 資訊及資料可經由該控制板施入到該控制器5中，用以 將該控制器程式化來實施特定的染色處理。控制器5可 用硬體，軟體或硬體與軟體的組合來體現。 機殻22亦容納一喉路系統，其提供用來將染液循環 通過該染色機的染液循環系統。這將於稍後更詳細地說 明。用此方式來包覆喉路可加強其安全性，例如，發生 滲漏，或防止人員與內含高溫液體的喉路接觸。而且， 可改善該染色機的外觀。 # 圖2爲缸身2的剖面側視圖。安裝在該缸身2的底 座中央的是一垂直向上延伸的紗竹7。該紗竹7承接並支 撐一筒子紗9其具有一可套在該紗竹7上的中央孔。一 頂鎖11被設置在該紗竹7的上端用來在染色處理期間將 該筒子紗9固定在定位上。在此例子中，該頂鎖π藉由 在頂鎖及在紗竹頂端上的共同操作的螺紋而被旋緊至該 紗竹7上，但亦可用其它的固定方法來取代。 缸身2亦容納一體積的液體ι〇(染液或水，依染色 處理的階段而定），該筒子紗9被浸泡於該液體中。該 -10- (8) (8)1363824 液體10藉由該染液循環系統的作用而被循環通過該筒子 紗9。 在此例子中’缸身2亦包含一電加熱元件8用來加 熱在該缸身2內的液體1〇。如圖所示’該加熱元件8被 設置在該缸身2的底座內’但如果有偏好的話亦可設置 在其它位置。 而且，此實施例包括一設置在該缸身2的上部之氣 墊6，用來升高該缸身2內部的壓力。亦可使用其它加壓 設備，或不用加壓設備。一刻度盤24被設置在該缸身2 的外部以顯示其內部的壓力。 圖3爲依據一實施例的缸身2的另一剖面圖’在此 實施例中該缸身2上設有一冷卻外套12。該冷卻外套12 圍繞在該缸身2的外側壁周圍，並界定出一體積於該缸 身2的周圍，一冷媒（如，冷卻水）可經由該體積流動 於該缸身2的表面上用來將熱帶走。該冷卻外套具有一 朝向其上端的冷媒入口 16及一朝向其下端的冷媒出口， 如箭頭所示，冷媒可經由冷媒入口 /出口流經該冷卻外套 〇 該染色機20被建構來提供流經該筒子紗之由內而外 及由外而內的染液流動，用以模擬一量產染色機的染色 機制。 圖4A及4B顯示這兩個流動方向。一筒子紗9被安 裝在一缸身（未示於圖中）內的一紗竹7上。該紗竹7 具有一用於液體流之內部的中空通道，且筒子紗9安裝 -11 - (9) 1363824 於其周圍之該紗竹7的外表面是可讓液體流穿過的（譬 如該外表面具有許多穿孔或其它孔洞）。關於由內而外 液流’如圖4A所示，染液（或其它處理液體，包括清洗 水在內）向上通過進入到該紗竹7的中空通道內，且在 到達該缸身的主要內部體積之前先向外流經紗竹外表面 ’然後流經該筒子紗9。該染液然後被該循環系統送回到 該紗竹的中空通道用以再次循環通過紗線。 # 關於由外而內液流，如圖4B所示，此過程被反轉。 裝在該缸身內的染液被吸引通過該筒子紗9，然後通過該 紗竹7的外壁而到達該中空的通道，染液在此處經由紗 竹的底部離開。該染液然後被循環回到該缸身的主體內 〇 圖5顯示依據本發明的一實施例之用來提供由內而 外及由外而內液流的染液循環系統的簡化示意圖。該循 環系統包含一喉路系統25 (在此圖中以極爲簡化的形式 ® 顯示）’其一端被連接至該缸身2的側壁上的入口/出口 點26’其另一端則連接至在該缸身2的底座上的入口/出 口點27其與該紗竹7的中空通道29液體聯通。因此， - 有一從缸身2的內部沿著喉路系統25到達該中空通道29 - ，然後穿過該紗竹7的外表面及筒子紗9回到該缸身2 的內部之供液體用的連續路徑。該路徑亦可容許反向的 流動’使得由外而內的流動及由內而外的流動兩者都可 被提供。爲了要將該路徑周圍的液體驅使於如箭頭所示 的這兩個方向的任一個方向上，一雙流向水栗28被設置 -12- (10) 1363824 在位在該喉路系統25中在該缸身2外面。該水泵可在兩 個操作模式之間作切換，其中一個操作模式是將液體抽 泵於由內而外的方向上，另一個操作模式爲將液體抽泵 於由外而內的方向上。此種水泵很精巧且可輕易地操縱 該染色機20內的液體體積。因此，該水泵很適合與本發 明一起使用。相反地，一製造規模的筒子紗染色機典型 地使用一複雜的換向裝置其可被操作用以切換於兩個位 ® 置之間藉以用一單向水泵來提供兩個流動方向。一換向 裝置的體積比較大，所以比較適合應用在大型的製造機 上，不適合用於樣本染色機。這不只因爲它的體積太大 而不方便使用在樣本染色機上，而且它需要一極爲複雜 的喉路系統，而這亦需要大量的液體體積來提供順滑的 液體循環。因此，小的浴比無法用小的筒子紗來達成。 依據本發明的一個實施例，這些缺點可藉由使用雙流向 水泵來加以克服。 # 現將描述染色機20的操作。一重量小於1.2公斤之 標準筒子紗重量的樣本筒子紗9被放在該缸身2內的紗 竹7上，且該筒子紗被頂鎖1 1固定於定位上。該缸身蓋 1被蓋上，且一染色處理透過該控制器5的按鍵被程式設 定或開始。 然後，一爲了達到所想要之大致1 : 6的浴比之適量 的水被提供到該缸身2內（例如，經由在該循環系統中 的入口）。根據將被實施的染色過程，該水被該加熱元 件8加熱至所想要的溫度。一催化劑可被加入用以提高 -13- (11) (11)1363824 染色處理的速度。當水接近其沸點（loot：)時，使用該 氣墊6來讓該缸身的內部加壓。加壓提高了水的沸點， 使得該染色機可在所要的高壓下操作且沒有導因於沸騰 所造成之水的蒸發。防止蒸發可容許用較少的水的開始 體積來達到所想要的操作浴比，因而降低所需之初始浴 比’以及該染色機所需之整體操作體積。而且，該雙流 向水泵可在該缸身2被加壓時用較低的浴比來平順地操 作。此外’加壓可以減少所需之水量及將水加熱所需之 能量，因而節省成本及保護環境。 一小量的水然後藉由使用該液體出口 4從該缸身2 中被取出。該水與染劑相混合以產生染液。該染液然後 使用該注料系統的注射筒3被注入到該缸身2中。該注 射筒3可容許精確地控制注射速度（其會影響該樣本筒 子紗染色的均勻度）。然後，該主要染色循環開始，該 染液循環系統在該控制器5的控制下實施由內而外及由 外而內流動的程序。 在該染色機的操作期間，使用了一連串的加熱及冷 卻階段。加熱是由該電加熱元件8提供，冷卻是由冷卻 外套12提供，其爲一高效率冷卻外套。該加熱元件8及 該冷卻外套12可一起操作用以調節溫度。因爲溫度會影 響到染色處理的結果所以這很重要。相反地，一典型製 造規模的筒子紗染色機包括一用於染液溫度控制之熱交 換器。該熱交換器是一件體積大的設備，它並不適合使 用在小的樣本筒子紗染色機上。而且，它的大小意謂著 -14 - (12) 1363824 它會佔用掉絕大部分液體體積因而會提高浴比。這並不 適用於一小的樣本筒子紗染色機，在樣本筒子紗染色機 中所想要的是在一大幅縮小的規模上複製一製造規模的 浴比。又’製造規模的染色機的熱交換器通常是用蒸汽 • 來操作。生產蒸汽的設備在樣本實驗室中並不是很容易 - 獲得，這讓熱交換器更不適合樣本筒子紗染色機。本發 明提出藉由用一電加熱元件及一冷卻外套來取代熱交換 • 器並藉以解決這些缺點，而電加熱元件及冷卻外套被發 現更適合小規模的操作。它們精巧許多且可將浴比保持 的很低，而且可提供有效的加熱及冷卻。 接近染色循環的結束階段時，一小量的染液樣本經 由該液體出口 4從該缸身2中被取出。該染液樣本被測 試用以決定留在該染液中的染劑濃度。當染劑容度低於 一特定的程度時，該染色處理被認定爲已完成，因爲所 想要的染劑量已被筒子紗所吸收。 • 在染色處理之後及使用循環水任何後續的紗線洗水 之前，該壓力被釋放及液體被排出，且藉由打開蓋子1 及鬆開該頂鎖11來將樣本筒子紗9從該缸身2中取出。 - 提供一電子控制器來將由該染色機所實施的染色處 . 理自動化可減少製造染色樣本所需的人員數量。數個樣 本染色機可爲了自動化操作而事先被程式化設定，且可 用很少的操作員輸入同步地操作。 此外，依據本發明的染色機可包含一單一電子控制 器及兩個或更多個缸身（帶有上文所述之相關的構件） -15- (13) (13)1363824 使得一個控制器可在同一時間製造多個不同的染色樣本 〇 圖6顯示依據此實施例之樣本筒子紗染色機2〇的簡 化代表圖。四個缸身2(每一個都具有一紗竹，一染液循 環系統等等）被連接至一控制器5其可操作用以控制在 每一缸身2內之染色的操作。缸身2及控制器5都被安 裝在一結合的外殻內/上，如圖1中所示之被適當地設計 的外殼22。 如上文中所討論的，用於染色一樣本筒子紗的浴比 儘可能地接近用於最終製造上的浴比是很重要的。因此 ’對於小的筒子紗而言，其需要的是一相對應的少量染 液。爲了適當地循環於任何染色機都需要—最小量的染 液’所以如果想要使用小的體積的話，將染色機的工作 谷量減小是很有用的。依據本發明，本發明提出了使用 一新颖的紗竹設計來解決此問題，含所需使用的液體體 積較小。 如參照圖4A及4B所討論的，爲了要讓液體由內而 外及由外而內地流經一筒子紗，—紗竹包括一被外壁所 包圍的中央的中空通道，該外壁上具有穿孔。染液進入 該中空通道且流經穿孔到達紗線，或通過紗線與穿孔到 達該中央通道。該中央通道在這些液體處理期間都充滿 了染液。因此’該中空通道提供該染色機的作業體積。 依據本發明的一個實施例，本發明提出藉由提供一具有 小體積的中空通道的紗竹來降低工作容量，並藉此染色 -16 - (14) (14)1363824 較少量的紗線。 圖7顯示通過依據本發明的此實施例的紗竹的剖面 圖。紗竹7包含一中央狹長的本體30其具有一可讓循環 的染液透過之閉合的內部體積形式。一外壁32包圍該內 部體積30且與該內部體積30間隔開來使得一環狀通道 36被界定於其間。該外壁32上具有複數個穿孔或孔洞 34，以容許液體流經該外壁。通常，該外壁32具有一可 容納一筒子紗的直徑（或其它寬度，如果不是圓形截面 的話）。該環狀通道36在該紗竹的下端處透過一液體入 口 /出口而呈開放，且在該紗竹的上端處是閉合的。在操 作上，該紗竹是安裝在一缸身的內部使得該液體入口 /出 口 38被連接至一染液循環系統，且一筒子紗（未示出） 被套在該紗竹7上並固定於定位。關於由內而外流動， 染液被該染液循環系統供應通過該液體入口 /出口 38並 進入到該中空通道36。該染液然後通過在外壁34上的穿 孔34，通過該筒子紗，並進入到該缸身的主體內。此流 動以箭頭來表示。由外而內的流動則是作反方向的流動 〇 因此，操作使用圖7的紗竹7的染色機所需要的染 液數量被該閉合的體積30佔據的體積減少。傳統上，該 閉合的本體30不會存在，且染液將會充滿在該外壁32 內側中的全部體積。因此，筒子紗染色機的工作容量可 藉由使用依據此實施例的紗竹而降低，且染色一重量輕 的紗線所需的浴比亦可被降低且更容易與一大量生產規 -17- (15) 1363824 模的染色機的浴比一致。因此，本發明的此一實施例特 別適合用在一樣本筒子紗染色機上。然而，依據此實施 例的紗竹亦可用在大規模生產的筒子紗染色機上。 本發明已用筒子紗的染色爲例加以說明。然而，本 發明亦可等效地應用在以筒子紗形式被搬動之其它紗線 類的紡織品，譬如股線及纜繩，的染色上。因此，本文 中所用之“紗線”一詞應被解讀爲包括被作成筒子紗形式 B 以進行染色之所有類似的紡織品。 【圖式簡單說明】 爲了要更瞭解本發明及顯示本發明可以如何被實際 地實施，現將以舉例的方式參照附圖，其中： 圖1顯示依據本發明的實施例的一樣本筒子紗染色 機的外部立體圖； 圖2顯示穿過圖1的染色機的缸身的剖面圖； • 圖3顯示穿過圖1的染色機的缸身的另一剖面圖·， 圖4A及4B顯示圖1的染色機所提供之由內而外及 由外而內的染液流方向的示意圖； 圖5顯示圖1的染色機的染液循環系統的示意代表 圖， 圖6顯示依據另一實施例之樣本筒子紗染色機的示 意代表圖；及 圖7顯示使用於依據另一實施例的筒子紗染色機中 的紗竹的剖面側視圖。 -18- (16) 1363824 【主要元件符號說明】 20 :染色機 2 :缸身 21 :管子 4 :針閥 3 :注射筒 B 22 :機殼 5 :控制器 7 :紗竹 9 :筒子紗 1 1 :頂鎖 10 :液體 8 :加熱元件 24 :刻度盤 • 1 2 :冷卻外套 1 6 :冷媒入口 14 :冷媒出口 2 5 :喉路系統 26 :液體入口 /出口點 27 :液體入口 /出口點 29 :中空通道 2 8 :雙向水泵 6 :氣墊 -19- (17)1363824 3 〇 :閉合 32 :外壁 3 4 :穿孔 36 :環狀 38 :液體 的本體（內體積） 通道 入口 /出口1363824 (1) Nine, the invention belongs to the technical field of the invention. The present invention relates to a dyeing machine for dyeing a sample package yarn. [Prior Art] Traditionally, textile yarns and thread systems are dyed by being mounted on a cheese yarn. The package on the yarn bamboo in the machine is dyed. Many packages are loaded into a single machine. A standard cheese yarn weighs about 1.2 kg and contains a substantially identical amount of yarn. The dye liquor is circulated through the package yarn in both the flow direction from the inside out (from the inside of the yam to the outside of the yam to the outside of the package) and the flow direction from the outside to the outside. The ratio of the volume of the dye liquor to the amount of yarn (bath ratio) determines the degree of dyeing, and a specific bath ratio will be required to achieve a desired color. In the dyeing industry for yarns and threads, customers usually require samples for confirmation. Typically, the sample is provided by dyeing a standard 1.2 kg bobbin yarn. This amount of yarn is roughly greater than the amount required to confirm, making the production of the sample a waste of many chemicals, dyes, yarns/lines and energy. In view of this, it is possible to dye a sample cheese yarn having a weight less than the standard 1.2 kg. However, if a smaller cheese yarn is used, it is difficult to obtain the same bath ratio as the dyeing machine for dyeing a large volume of standard cheese yarns. The difference in bath ratio will result in different dyeing effects, so that the sample cheese yarn -4- (2) (2) 136 * 3824 may have a color difference in comparison with the final produced cheese yarn. It is therefore considered that the manufacture of the sample is useless. Moreover, it is difficult to apply the dyeing formulation for sample manufacturing directly to a mass production manufacturing machine due to the reproducible relationship that is difficult to ensure. In order to achieve the same bath ratio in the sample dyeing as in later manufacturing, a machine can be used to make the sample, the machine shaking a short length of yarn or thread in a container containing a volume of dye liquor. . Although this solves the problem of the bath ratio consistency between the sample and the final product, the dyeing principle is used internally by the cheese dyeing machine, from the inside to the outside, from the inside to the inside and the control of the dyeing dose. The principle of dyeing to make is completely different. Therefore, the dyeing formula used in the production machine cannot be directly applied to the sample dyeing machine of this type, as this will again produce the difference between the sample and the yarn produced. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a dyeing machine for dyeing the same package yarn, comprising: a kier; - mounted in the cylinder body for supporting a sample package yarn And a dye liquor circulation system for circulating the dye liquor through the sample cheese yarn supported on the yarn bamboo; wherein the cylinder body and the yarn bamboo are constructed to accommodate a single sample package weighing less than 1.2 kilograms The yarn, and the dyeing machine has a working capacity capable of making a single sample cheese yarn having a weight of less than 1.2 kg to be dyed using a liquor ratio of about 1:6. The bath ratio is used to dye a sample of a small size -5 - (3) (3) 136 * 3824 yarn which is generally used in a cheese dyeing machine designed to accommodate a large number of packages. More than that. Using the same bath ratio as the bath used in the final yarn manufacture to make the sample achieves the same dyeing effect on the sample as the final product. The sample is thus available as a true representation of the final product and an appropriate sample evaluation can be performed. Moreover, the small size dyeing machine, which is constructed to accommodate only a small sample of the package yarn and has a small liquid volume, saves space, energy, time and raw materials. The dye liquor circulation system is operable to circulate the dye liquor through the sample package yarn in both the inner and outer flow directions and the outer and inner flow directions. A dyeing cycle using these two flow directions is used in the dyeing machine for producing the cheese yarn. The sample machine that provides this dye cycle allows the manufactured sample to be more representative of the final product produced by the production machine' because the liquid flow arrangement affects the dyeing results. A pair of flow pumps can be used to create the flow from the inside out and from the outside to the inside. This is more suitable for a small sample dyeing machine than one of the one-way pumps commonly used in the production of cheese dyeing machines and a complex and bulky reversing device. In some embodiments, the interior of the cylinder can be pressurized. Pressurization allows the liquid in the cylinder to be heated to a higher temperature without evaporation. Therefore, a smaller internal liquid volume can be used to achieve the desired liquid volume because there is little or no evaporation loss. The dyeing machine may include a gasification to pressurize the interior of the cylinder. The dyeing machine further includes a liquid outlet through which liquid can be discharged from the cylinder. For example, the liquid outlet can include a needle valve. -6- (4) (4) 1363824 This allows water to be taken out at the beginning of the dyeing process to prepare the dye solution, and the dye sample can be taken out at the end of the dyeing process. A dye sample can be taken to determine if the desired staining result has been achieved so that the staining process can be carefully monitored' to obtain a quality yarn sample. Moreover, the dyeing machine further comprises a liquid inlet through which liquid can be introduced into the cylinder. The liquid inlet contains a syringe. The prepared dye solution can be added using the liquid inlet. A syringe provides high-precision control of dye addition, which affects the results of staining. In some embodiments, the dyeing machine can further include a cooling jacket disposed about the cylinder. Moreover, the dyeing machine can further comprise an operable electrical heating element within the cylinder for heating the liquid within the cylinder. A cooling jacket and an electric heating element can replace the heat exchanger typically used in a mass produced cheese dyeing machine. These smaller and more compact components are more suitable for small sample dyeing machines, which can be used in the laboratory without the need to supply steam used in the heat exchanger. The vegetative bamboo may comprise an inner closed volume into which a circulating dye solution is impermeable; and an outer wall 'gauze yarn may be mounted around it and the circulating dye liquor may pass therethrough back and forth through the package yarn, the outer wall surrounding the inner wall The closed volume is used to define an annular passage around the inner closed volume, and the annular passage is connected to the dye liquor circulation system. The closed internal volume of the vegetative bamboo occupies a space in the dyeing machine that will be filled with the dye liquor. As a result, the overall working capacity can be reduced and the bath ratio required for a smaller weight yarn sample can be provided. (5) (5) 1363824 The dyeing machine may further comprise an operable electronic controller for providing automated control of the dyeing process performed within the cylinder. This dyeing process can thus be carried out more precisely. Moreover, the number of operators required in a laboratory that produces many samples is reduced. Furthermore, the dyeing machine may comprise one or more additional cylinders with associated yarn and dye liquor circulation systems, which may further be used to provide individual automation of the dyeing process in each cylinder. control. This allows more samples to be manufactured in a smaller space and further reduces the number of operators required. A second aspect of the invention relates to a yam which is used to support a package of yarn in a cylinder of a dyeing machine, the yam containing an inner closed volume in which a circulating dye solution cannot penetrate: and an outer wall a package yarn can be mounted therearound and a circulating dye liquor can pass therethrough back and forth through the package yarn, the outer wall surrounding the inner closure volume for defining an annular passage around the inner closure volume, and the annular passage It can be coupled to a dye liquor circulation system operable to circulate the dye liquor through a cheese yarn supported on the yarn. Although such a vehicular bamboo is particularly suitable for use on a sample cheese dyeing machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, it can also be used on a large dyeing machine as a structure for changing the bath ratio. [Embodiment] Fig. 1 shows an external perspective view of the same cheese dyeing machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The dyeing machine has a single sample cheese yarn suitable for weighing 1.2 kilograms of a weight lower than the standard -8-(6)(6)1363824. The dyeing machine can be easily installed in a laboratory, which is very convenient. More importantly, the dyeing machine is designed to operate and function in the same manner as a mass produced cheese dyeing machine such that the manufacturing dyeing machine to bath ratio can be replicated. Therefore, it is possible to produce a dyed sample which can be accurately reproduced on a manufacturing scale. In particular, the dyeing machine was constructed to operate with a bath ratio of about 1:6. This is the bath ratio typically used in the production of cheese dyeing. The bath ratio is the ratio of the amount of dye liquor required to produce the desired dyeing result to the desired amount of yarn. A cheese dyeing machine has a minimum dyeing volume below which the dyeing machine cannot function, which is to break into the dyeing machine, such that the dye liquor is properly circulated around the dyeing machine and through the cheese The volume of liquid required for the yarn. This also imposes a corresponding limit on the amount of yarn that can be dyed in the dyeing machine at a suitable bath ratio. In the present invention, the dyeing machine has a working capacity such that it can accommodate a package yarn having a weight of less than 1.2 kg and a corresponding amount of circulating dye to achieve a bath ratio of about 1:6. The dyeing machine 20 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a cylindrical barrel called a cylinder 2, and the present package yarn can be placed therein for dyeing. The cylinder 2 is covered with a cover 1. A small tube 21 is attached to the cylinder block 2. The tube 21 is provided with a liquid outlet in the form of a needle valve 4 which can be used to remove a small volume of liquid (water or dye liquor) from the cylinder. Moreover, the tube is provided with a liquid inlet through which liquid (water, dye, dye liquor) can be introduced into the cylinder. The addition of the dye or dye solution -9-(7) 1363824 to the cylinder body with the liquid inlet means that it can be regarded as a shot filling system. In this example, the liquid inlet contains a syringe 3 such that a small amount of liquid is injected into the cylinder in a precise and controllable manner. The cylinder block 2 is mounted on a casing 22 which encloses an electronic controller 5 having a control panel operable from the outside of the casing 22. The controller 5 is operable to control the various components of the dye machine 20 in an automated manner such that a dyeing process can be performed automatically. ® information and materials can be applied to the controller 5 via the control panel to program the controller to perform a particular dyeing process. The controller 5 can be embodied by a combination of hardware, software or hardware and software. The housing 22 also houses a throat system that provides a dye liquor circulation system for circulating dye liquor through the dyeing machine. This will be explained in more detail later. Covering the throat in this way enhances safety, for example, by leaking or by preventing personnel from coming into contact with the throat containing high temperature liquid. Moreover, the appearance of the dyeing machine can be improved. # Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the cylinder block 2. Mounted in the center of the base of the cylinder block 2 is a vertically extending yarn bamboo 7. The veils 7 receive and support a package of yarns 9 having a central opening that fits over the veils 7. A top lock 11 is provided at the upper end of the veils 7 for fixing the package yarn 9 in positioning during the dyeing process. In this example, the top lock π is screwed to the yam 7 by a co-operating thread on the top lock and on the top end of the yam, but may be replaced by other fixing methods. The cylinder block 2 also houses a volume of liquid ITO (dye or water, depending on the stage of the dyeing process), and the package yarn 9 is immersed in the liquid. The -10 (8) (8) 1363824 liquid 10 is circulated through the package yarn 9 by the action of the dye liquor circulation system. In this example, the cylinder 2 also includes an electric heating element 8 for heating the liquid 1 in the cylinder 2. As shown, the heating element 8 is disposed within the base of the cylinder block 2 but may be disposed at other locations if desired. Moreover, this embodiment includes an air cushion 6 disposed at an upper portion of the cylinder block 2 for raising the pressure inside the cylinder block 2. Other pressurizing equipment can also be used, or no pressurized equipment. A dial 24 is disposed outside the cylinder 2 to display the pressure inside thereof. 3 is another cross-sectional view of the cylinder block 2 in accordance with an embodiment. In this embodiment, the cylinder block 2 is provided with a cooling jacket 12. The cooling jacket 12 surrounds the outer side wall of the cylinder 2 and defines a volume around the cylinder 2 through which a refrigerant (eg, cooling water) can flow on the surface of the cylinder 2 Come to the tropics. The cooling jacket has a refrigerant inlet 16 toward its upper end and a refrigerant outlet toward its lower end. As indicated by the arrows, refrigerant can flow through the cooling jacket through the refrigerant inlet/outlet. The dyeing machine 20 is constructed to provide flow through the The flow of the cheese yarn from the inside out and from the outside to simulate the dyeing mechanism of a mass production dyeing machine. Figures 4A and 4B show these two flow directions. A package of yarns 9 is mounted on a yam 7 in a cylinder (not shown). The yam 7 has a hollow passage for the inside of the liquid flow, and the package 9 is mounted -11 - (9) 1363824 around the outer surface of the yam 7 for allowing liquid to flow therethrough (such as The outer surface has a number of perforations or other holes). Regarding the flow from the inside to the outside, as shown in Fig. 4A, the dye liquor (or other treatment liquid, including the washing water) passes upward into the hollow passage of the yam 7 and reaches the main interior of the cylinder. Before the volume, it flows outward through the outer surface of the yarn and then flows through the cheese yarn 9. The dye liquor is then returned to the hollow channel of the veils by the circulation system for circulation through the yarn again. # Regarding the flow from the outside, as shown in Fig. 4B, this process is reversed. The dye liquor contained in the cylinder body is attracted through the cheese yarn 9, and then passes through the outer wall of the yarn bamboo 7 to reach the hollow passage where the dye liquor exits via the bottom of the yarn. The dye liquor is then recycled back into the body of the cylinder. Figure 5 shows a simplified schematic of a dye liquor circulation system for providing internal and external liquid flow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The circulatory system comprises a throat system 25 (shown in a very simplified form in this figure) that has one end connected to the inlet/outlet point 26' on the side wall of the cylinder 2 and the other end connected thereto. An inlet/outlet point 27 on the base of the cylinder 2 is in fluid communication with the hollow passage 29 of the yam 7 . Therefore, there is a liquid passage 29 from the inside of the cylinder 2 to the hollow passage 29 - along the throat system 25, and then passes through the outer surface of the yam 7 and the package yarn 9 is returned to the interior of the cylinder 2 for liquid supply. Continuous path. This path can also allow for reverse flow so that both external and internal flow and internal and external flow can be provided. In order to drive the liquid around the path in either of the two directions as indicated by the arrows, a pair of flowgates 28 are placed -12-(10) 1363824 in position in the throat system 25 The cylinder body 2 is outside. The pump is switchable between two modes of operation, one of which is to pump the liquid in the direction from the inside out, and the other in the direction of pumping the liquid in the direction from the outside. Such a pump is very delicate and can easily manipulate the volume of liquid within the dyeing machine 20. Therefore, the pump is well suited for use with the present invention. Conversely, a manufacturing scale cheese dyeing machine typically uses a complex reversing device that can be operated to switch between two positions to provide two flow directions with a one-way pump. A reversing device is relatively large in size, so it is suitable for use in large manufacturing machines and is not suitable for use in sample dyeing machines. This is not only because it is too bulky to be used on a sample dyeing machine, but it also requires an extremely complicated throat system, which also requires a large volume of liquid to provide a smooth liquid circulation. Therefore, a small bath can not be achieved with a small cheese yarn. According to one embodiment of the invention, these disadvantages can be overcome by using a dual flow pump. # The operation of the dyeing machine 20 will now be described. A sample package yarn 9 of a weight of a standard package yarn having a weight of less than 1.2 kg is placed on the yam 7 in the cylinder block 2, and the package yarn is fixed to the positioning by the top lock 11. The cylinder head 1 is covered and a dyeing process is programmed or started by a button of the controller 5. Then, an appropriate amount of water is supplied to the cylinder 2 in order to achieve a desired bath ratio of approximately 1:6 (e.g., via an inlet in the circulation system). The water is heated by the heating element 8 to a desired temperature depending on the dyeing process to be carried out. A catalyst can be added to increase the rate of -13-(11)(11)1363824 dyeing treatment. When the water approaches its boiling point (loot:), the air cushion 6 is used to pressurize the inside of the cylinder. Pressurization increases the boiling point of the water so that the dyeing machine can operate at the desired high pressure without evaporation of water due to boiling. Preventing evaporation allows for a smaller starting volume of water to achieve the desired operating bath ratio, thereby reducing the desired initial bath ratio' and the overall operating volume required for the dyeing machine. Moreover, the dual flow pump can be operated smoothly with a lower bath ratio when the cylinder 2 is pressurized. In addition, pressurization reduces the amount of water required and the energy required to heat the water, thereby saving costs and protecting the environment. A small amount of water is then taken out of the cylinder 2 by using the liquid outlet 4. The water is mixed with the dye to produce a dye liquor. The dye liquor is then injected into the cylinder 2 using the syringe 3 of the injection system. The injection cylinder 3 allows for precise control of the injection speed (which affects the uniformity of dyeing of the sample cheese). Then, the main dyeing cycle begins, and the dye liquor circulation system performs a program of flowing inside and outside and inside from outside the controller 5 under the control of the controller 5. During the operation of the dyeing machine, a series of heating and cooling stages are used. Heating is provided by the electrical heating element 8, and cooling is provided by the cooling jacket 12, which is a high efficiency cooling jacket. The heating element 8 and the cooling jacket 12 can be operated together to adjust the temperature. This is important because the temperature will affect the result of the dyeing process. Conversely, a typical scale cheese dyeing machine includes a heat exchanger for dye liquid temperature control. The heat exchanger is a bulky device that is not suitable for use on small sample cheese dyeing machines. Moreover, its size means -14 - (12) 1363824. It takes up most of the liquid volume and thus increases the bath ratio. This does not apply to a small sample cheese dyeing machine where it is desirable to replicate a manufacturing scale bath ratio over a substantially reduced scale. Further, heat exchangers for manufacturing scale dyeing machines are usually operated with steam. The equipment that produces steam is not very easy to obtain in the sample laboratory - this makes the heat exchanger less suitable for the sample cheese dyeing machine. The present invention proposes to address these shortcomings by replacing the heat exchange device with an electric heating element and a cooling jacket, and the electric heating element and the cooling jacket have been found to be more suitable for small-scale operation. They are so compact and have a low bath ratio and provide efficient heating and cooling. Near the end of the dyeing cycle, a small amount of dye sample is taken from the cylinder 2 through the liquid outlet 4. The dye sample is tested to determine the concentration of dye remaining in the dye solution. When the dye capacity is below a certain level, the dyeing treatment is deemed to have been completed because the desired dyeing amount has been absorbed by the cheese yarn. • After the dyeing process and before any subsequent yarn washing with circulating water, the pressure is released and the liquid is discharged, and the sample cheese 9 is removed from the cylinder by opening the lid 1 and releasing the top lock 11 Take out in 2. - An electronic controller is provided to automate the dyeing process performed by the dyeing machine to reduce the number of personnel required to manufacture the dye samples. Several sample dyeing machines can be programmed in advance for automated operation and can be operated synchronously with very little operator input. Furthermore, the dyeing machine according to the invention may comprise a single electronic controller and two or more cylinders (with associated components as described above) -15- (13) (13) 1363824 making a controller A plurality of different staining samples can be produced at the same time. Figure 6 shows a simplified representation of the sample cheese dyeing machine 2 according to this embodiment. The four cylinders 2 (each having a gauze, a dye liquor circulation system, etc.) are connected to a controller 5 which is operable to control the dyeing operation in each cylinder 2. Both the cylinder block 2 and the controller 5 are mounted in/on a combined housing, such as the housing 22, which is suitably designed as shown in FIG. As discussed above, it is important that the bath for dyeing the same package is as close as possible to the bath ratio for final manufacture. Therefore, for a small package yarn, what is needed is a corresponding small amount of dye liquid. In order to properly circulate in any dyeing machine - a minimum amount of dye solution is required - it is useful to reduce the working volume of the dyeing machine if a small volume is desired. In accordance with the present invention, the present invention contemplates the use of a novel yam design to address this problem, with a smaller volume of liquid to be used. As discussed with reference to Figures 4A and 4B, in order to allow liquid to flow through the package from the inside out and from the outside, the veils include a central hollow passage surrounded by the outer wall, the outer wall having perforations. The dye liquor enters the hollow passage and flows through the perforations to the yarn or through the yarn and perforations to the central passage. The central passage is filled with dye liquor during these liquid treatments. Thus the hollow channel provides the working volume of the dyeing machine. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention proposes to reduce the working capacity by providing a veils of a hollow passage having a small volume, and thereby dye a relatively small amount of yarn of -16 - (14) (14) 1363824. Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view through a yam according to this embodiment of the invention. The veils 7 comprise a centrally elongated body 30 having a closed internal volume form that allows circulating dye liquor to pass through. An outer wall 32 encloses the inner volume 30 and is spaced from the inner volume 30 such that an annular passage 36 is defined therebetween. The outer wall 32 has a plurality of perforations or holes 34 therein to allow liquid to flow through the outer wall. Typically, the outer wall 32 has a diameter (or other width, if not a circular cross-section) that can accommodate a package of yarns. The annular passage 36 is open at the lower end of the yam through a liquid inlet/outlet and is closed at the upper end of the yam. In operation, the veils are mounted inside a cylinder such that the liquid inlet/outlet 38 is connected to a dye liquor circulation system, and a package of yarn (not shown) is placed over the yam 7 and fixed to Positioning. With regard to flow from the inside out, the dye liquor is supplied by the dye liquor circulation system through the liquid inlet/outlet 38 and into the hollow passage 36. The dye liquor then passes through the perforations 34 in the outer wall 34, through the cheese yarn, and into the body of the cylinder. This flow is indicated by an arrow. The flow from the outside is the flow in the opposite direction. Therefore, the amount of dye required to operate the dyeing machine using the yam 7 of Fig. 7 is reduced by the volume occupied by the closed volume 30. Traditionally, the closed body 30 does not exist and the dye liquor will fill the entire volume in the inner side of the outer wall 32. Therefore, the working capacity of the cheese dyeing machine can be reduced by using the velvet bamboo according to this embodiment, and the bath ratio required for dyeing a light weight yarn can also be lowered and it is easier to work with a mass production gauge. - (15) 1363824 The bath ratio of the dyeing machine of the mold is the same. Thus, this embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for use on a sample cheese dyeing machine. However, the vegetative bamboo according to this embodiment can also be used on a mass-produced cheese dyeing machine. The present invention has been described by taking the dyeing of the cheese yarn as an example. However, the present invention is equally applicable to the dyeing of other yarn-like textiles, such as strands and cables, which are carried in the form of cheese. Therefore, the term "yarn" as used herein shall be interpreted to include all similar textiles that are made into a package of yarn form B for dyeing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to better understand the present invention and to show how the present invention can be practiced, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view through the cylinder of the dyeing machine of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows another cross-sectional view through the cylinder of the dyeing machine of Figure 1; Figures 4A and 4B show Figure 1 FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the dye liquor circulation system of the dyeing machine of FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 shows another embodiment according to another embodiment. A schematic representation of a sample cheese dyeing machine; and Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of a yarn bamboo used in a cheese dyeing machine in accordance with another embodiment. -18- (16) 1363824 [Explanation of main component symbols] 20: Dyeing machine 2: Cylinder body 21: Pipe 4: Needle valve 3: Syringe B 22: Case 5: Controller 7: Yarn bamboo 9: Package yarn 1 1 : top lock 10 : liquid 8 : heating element 24 : dial • 1 2 : cooling jacket 1 6 : refrigerant inlet 14 : refrigerant outlet 2 5 : throat system 26 : liquid inlet / outlet point 27 : liquid inlet / outlet point 29: Hollow channel 2 8 : bidirectional water pump 6 : air cushion -19- (17) 1363824 3 〇: closed 32 : outer wall 3 4 : perforation 36 : ring 38 : liquid body (inner volume) channel inlet / outlet
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