TWI362522B - - Google Patents

Description

[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a dot matrix type liquid crystal display element, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display element which is excellent in flexibility. t prior art; 3 background technology

In the future, it is expected that electronic paper that can be displayed without a power supply and can be electrically rewritten will rapidly spread. The electronic paper is realized by an electric display capable of rewriting a book, a magazine, a newspaper or the like which is a paper printed matter, and has good characteristics of a thin, light and easy-to-see paper print. The advantage of electronic paper over paper prints is that the display content (content) can be rewritten. Therefore, electronic paper is not lost when the paper print is used up, so it is a great contribution to reducing paper resource consumption when it is used instead of paper printed matter, and it is also very useful from the viewpoint of environmental protection.

Electronic paper applications include electronic books, electronic newspapers, electronic posters, and electronic dictionaries. The characteristics required for electronic paper are as follows (1) to (5). (1) Electrically reproducible display data (2) Ultra-low power consumption (3) Good for eyes, not easy to fatigue (very easy to see) (4) Easy to carry (light and easy to carry) (5) Thin like paper It is also foldable (lightweight and flexible). Electronic paper is researched and developed by electrophoresis or twist polarity, liquid crystal display or organic EL display. 3 1362522 Electrophoresis is a method in which charged particles move in a work or liquid. Reverse the way the magic face rotates. The organic EL is said to be a self-illuminating display that is constructed by the electric field and is composed of a majority of thin films made of organic materials. The liquid crystal display H is a non-self-luminous display having a configuration in which the sub-pixel electrode and the counter electrode are sandwiched by the liquid crystal layer. The electronic paper consisting of a liquid crystal display promotes research and development by using a double-stabilized selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal. The so-called double stability is a property in which the liquid crystal exhibits stability in two different directions, and the sturdy The leaven liquid crystal has the property of long-term (10) plane (pian^ and vertical conic) in the stable state even after the electric field is removed. In the cholesteric liquid crystal, in the planar state, the human light emits interference reflection. In the vertical spiral state, the human light is transmitted. Therefore, in the liquid crystal panel in which the liquid crystal layer uses the cholesteric liquid crystal, the light and darkness of the light can be displayed by the selective reflection of the incident light in the liquid crystal layer, so that the polarizing plate is not required. Also known as optically aligning nematic liquid crystal. Cholesterol liquid crystal will reflect color due to interference of liquid crystal. Therefore, it is possible to achieve color display by laminating. Therefore, liquid crystal display method using cholesteric liquid crystal (here, for convenience, it is called cholesteric liquid crystal) Mode) Compared with other methods such as the above-mentioned electric ice method, it has an overwhelming advantage in color display. In the case of the method, since it is necessary to arrange a filter coated with three colors for each pixel, the brightness is only 1/3 compared with the cholesteric liquid crystal method. Therefore, in other methods, the improvement of the brightness becomes the realization of the electron. A major problem with paper. 4 1362522 As described above, although the cholesteric liquid crystal method has the advantage of being the easiest to display in color, the flexibility of the characteristics of the electronic paper can be the greatest problem.

The liquid crystal display element requires a uniform crystal lattice having a number of "m gaps. Generally, the crystal lattice is formed by a structure in which a liquid crystal layer (number "111) is sandwiched between upper and lower glass substrates. In a general TN (Twisted Nematic) or STN (Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal display element using a thin film substrate made of a transparent special resin has been realized. (Plastic LCD). Compared with the liquid crystal of the glass substrate, the plastic liquid crystal can be made thinner or lighter, has higher economical efficiency, and has higher strength for bending. Therefore, it can be bent as freely as paper, so it is suitable for electronic paper. Here, a description will be given of a conventional configuration for realizing a uniform lattice gap of a liquid crystal panel.

Fig. 1 is an exploded view showing a lattice structure of a liquid crystal display element in which a dot matrix structure of a uniform lattice gap is realized by a pillar spacer. The liquid crystal display element shown in the figure has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a first substrate 丨 (upper substrate) and a first substrate 2 (lower substrate). The liquid crystal layer is composed of a dense material or an adhesive pillar 5 or the like. A column electrode (not shown) having a transparent number of days is formed on the surface of the first substrate 1. Further, in the inner surface of the second substrate 2, there are a plurality of row electrodes which are transparent to the column electrodes and which are transparent to each other (the liquid crystal layer side forming sub-material 3 on the first substrate 1 not having the column electrodes is not shown) a thermosetting type or UV-curing type 5 adhesive produced by a printing process, and constituting an outer peripheral portion of the liquid crystal layer. An opening is provided in a center of the side 3a of the sealing material 3, and both ends of the opening are extended And a liquid crystal injection port 4 is formed. #, a portion of the sealing material 3 becomes a liquid crystal injection port 4' through which the liquid crystal is injected into the collar woven by the sealing material 3 in the field surrounded by the sealing material 3. An adhesive pillar 5 having a plurality of spacers serving as a liquid crystal layer is formed therein. The pillars 5 are formed at four corners of each pixel of the liquid crystal layer. The second pillar 5 is cylindrical and can be combined with the second substrate. 2 Next member. Therefore, if the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 of the sealing material 3 and the adhesive pillar 5 are laminated, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 can be sealed by the sealing material 3 and the adhesion. The pillar 5 is fixed and then the sealing material 3 is, for example, plus After each hardened member. ^ In the liquid crystal layer, the liquid helium display of the above-described configuration of the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal is used; in the case, the portion between the pixels where the electrode is not disposed at the upper or lower opposite position is always lit. In order to prevent the constant lighting to increase the contrast of the pixels, a black matrix 6 is formed on the second substrate 2. The color matrix 6 corresponds to a liquid crystal layer in which no impurity (row electrode or column electrode) is disposed above or below. a grid-like pattern of the portions (four sides of the pixels). (Gap) can be maintained in the liquid crystal display element of the above configuration, since the adhesive pillars 5 have the function of the spacers. Therefore, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 Between the wide image-like struts 5 such struts can be formed by a two-dimensional patterning method in the lithography method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 58-13515 or No. 8-76131. In the liquid crystal display device of the structure, a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal display element can be realized by injecting cholesteric liquid crystal from the injection port 4. However, the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal display element can only be used. There is a uniform lattice gap, and flexibility cannot be imparted. Since the liquid crystal is a liquid, if the liquid crystal panel is bent or pressed, the liquid crystal flows due to the force applied by the operations, and the display is made. Since the display of the TN type or STN type liquid crystal panel is always in an electric driving state, even if the display state changes, the original hybrid state can be immediately restored. However, the display of the memory liquid crystal liquid is displayed in In the case of the cholesteric liquid crystal display element, the method of forming the pillar of the adhesive pillar 5 as shown in the first drawing is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 200G-146527. The main object of the invention disclosed in the publication is to ensure the uniformity of the lattice gap, and the memory of the cholesteric liquid crystal display element cannot be maintained when the liquid crystal panel is bent or the display surface thereof is pressed. When the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal is applied to electronic paper, the biggest problem is that the structure of the display is not changed even if the electronic paper is pressed or bent. When a liquid crystal lattice having the pillar structure shown in Fig. 1 is produced using a film substrate of 0.125/zm, light is held on the hand, and the display changes. The pillar structure of the liquid crystal lattice requires a strong frame in order to avoid display changes. Therefore, the liquid crystal lattice cannot be applied to flexible electronic paper. The present inventors have experimentally found a structure in which a liquid crystal lattice using a liquid crystal of a solid 1362522 alcohol having a conventional pillar structure changes its display due to the force of pressing the display surface thereof. This configuration has been disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 16-82380. The reason for the above display change is the fluidity of the liquid crystal caused by the pressing force applied to the display surface or the bending of the liquid crystal lattice, and by suppressing the fluidity, the problem of display variation can be solved. The use of a spacer or a prismatic spacer structure does not inhibit the fluidity of the liquid crystal. Although the pillar of the stripe structure in which the lattice gap is uniformized is also mentioned, the liquid crystal in this structure is liable to flow. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 8-76131 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-146527 [Patent Document 4] Patent Publication No. 16-82380 C DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to realize a liquid crystal display element which does not change the matrix structure of display even when a display surface or a bending element is pressed. The present invention is based on a dot matrix type liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate provided with a first electrode; a second substrate provided with a second electrode; and a liquid crystal panel A liquid crystal layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the liquid crystal display device of the first cancer of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer has a first wall surface structure which is disposed on a side surface of each side of each pixel and has an adhesive property; and a second wall surface structure It is provided around the first wall structure and has an adhesive property. 8 1362522 In the first aspect of the liquid crystal display device, since the first and second wall structures have an adhesive property, the wall structures have the function of a separator, and the uniformity of the lattice gap and the liquid crystal can be improved. The pressure resistance of the layer and the impact resistance of the liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element of the second aspect of the present invention has a plurality of the aforementioned liquid crystal panels laminated in the first aspect.

In the liquid crystal display device of the second aspect, since a plurality of liquid crystal panels are laminated, color display can be achieved by making the display colors of the respective liquid crystal panels different. In a liquid crystal display device according to a third aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, the first wall surface structure has an opening portion for connecting the adjacent pixels. In the liquid crystal display device of the third aspect, since the adjacent pixels are connected through the opening, the opening portion is used as an injection path of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal is injected into all the pixels in the liquid crystal layer.

In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the pixel is rectangular. In this case, the opening portion is provided, for example, on the side walls of at least two sides of each pixel. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the longitudinal direction. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the lateral direction. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. 9 1362522 A liquid crystal display device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, wherein the first wall structure system surrounds all of the side faces of the pixels. In this case, for example, the liquid crystal in the pixel surrounded by the first wall surface structure in the liquid crystal layer is formed by dropping. In the liquid crystal display device of the fourth side film*, after the liquid crystal is injected into all the pixels in the liquid crystal layer by dropping the liquid crystal*, the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other to form a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element of the fourth aspect does not have an opening portion between adjacent pixels, so that the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel can be completely prevented. Further, the volume and surface area of the first wall structure can be increased. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element of the third aspect can improve the pressing force against the display surface. In a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, a sealing material is disposed on the outer surface of the second wall surface. At this time, for example, the liquid crystal injected into the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel is injected only into the region surrounded by the second wall structure. In the liquid crystal display device of the fifth aspect, since the liquid crystal is not in contact with the sealing material, it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal from being contaminated by the sealing material. Therefore, the selection of the sealing material can be increased, and an inexpensive material or a material having a strong adhesion can be used as the sealing material. In the liquid crystal display device of the sixth aspect of the invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, the sealing material is not disposed on the outer circumference of the second wall surface structure. In this case, for example, the first substrate and the second substrate are fixed next to each other by the first and second wall structures. In the liquid crystal display element of the sixth aspect, since the sealing material 10 1362522 can be omitted, an inexpensive liquid crystal display element can be realized. In a liquid crystal display device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, the liquid crystal panel of the uppermost layer is blue. In the liquid crystal display device of the seventh aspect, since the display color of the uppermost liquid crystal panel is blue in which the human eye has a lower visual sensitivity to the light wavelength, even if the opening portion of the uppermost liquid crystal panel becomes lit The state has little effect on the display quality.

In the liquid crystal display device of the eighth aspect of the invention, the liquid crystal display element of the above aspect is not provided with a black matrix for light shielding. In the liquid crystal display device of the eighth aspect, since the black matrix can be omitted, an inexpensive liquid crystal display element can be realized. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the cross section of the first wall structure is, for example, a cross-shaped pillar. Further, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer is, for example, a memory liquid crystal. The memory liquid crystal is, for example, a cholesteric liquid crystal.

The electronic information device of the present invention is equipped with the liquid crystal display element of any of the first to eighth aspects of the invention described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an exploded view showing the lattice structure of a liquid crystal display element of a conventional dot matrix structure in which a uniform lattice gap is realized by a pillar spacer. Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of pillars in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. 11 1362522 Fig. 4 is an arrangement structure of the openings of the pixels provided between the pillars in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 5 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 6 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 2 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 7 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 3 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 8 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 4 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 9 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 5 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 10 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 6 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 11 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 7 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 12 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 8 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 13 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 9 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of the embodiment having the liquid crystal layer of the tenth embodiment. Fig. 15 is a view showing a pattern of a wall structure in the liquid crystal layer of Example 10. 0 12 1362522 Fig. 16 is a cross section of a color liquid crystal display element using a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal according to Example 11 of the present invention. 17(a) to 17(c) are the pillar arrangement patterns of the B (blue) display panel, the G (green) display panel, and the R (red) display panel in the color liquid crystal display device of the eleventh embodiment, respectively. . [Best Mode 3] BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 are views showing a lattice structure of a matrix type liquid crystal display element using a cholesteric liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is an exploded view showing an overall structure of a liquid crystal display device of the above-described embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of pillars in the liquid crystal display device of the above-described embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a view showing the above embodiment. An arrangement diagram of an arrangement of openings in the liquid crystal display elements provided between the pillars. First, the overall structure of the matrix type liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment (hereinafter, only 5 is a liquid crystal display element) will be described. In Fig. 2, the same components as those in Fig. 1 are assigned. The same symbol. b The lattice pattern of the matrix type liquid crystal display element ι of the present embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is the same as the past matrix type liquid crystal display element, and the most characteristic feature is the recognition in the liquid crystal layer (adjacent pillar). The shape of 15 is a wall structure (the wall surface structure) having a ten-shaped cross section of the pillar 15 provided in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element 1G, and is produced by, for example, a lithography method. 13 1362522 material having properties subsequent to the opposing second substrate 2. The support 15 is disposed on each of the four sides of the pixel. Further, the spacer of the liquid crystal layer may also be used in combination with the past spherical separator or column. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement form (arrangement pattern) of the support 15. The portion where the column electrode 21 and the row electrode (scan electrode) 23 intersect is a pixel 25, and the column 15 is provided on four sides of the pixel 25. In all pillars A wall structure (second wall structure) 17 that defines a frame outside the field (liquid crystal injection field) 16 into which the liquid crystal is to be injected is disposed on the outer periphery of the wall 15. The wall structure 17 has a substantially rectangular shape and is in its entirety. The liquid crystal injection port 14 is provided at the center of the one side 17a. That is, the injection port 14 is a part of the wall surface structure 17. The wall surface structure 17 is a member having an adhesive property. The pillar 15 and the wall surface structure 17 may be the same member. At this time, the two can be simultaneously formed by the lithography imaging step. The sealing material 13 is disposed on the outside of the wall structure 17 only by a predetermined distance. The sealing material 13 is disposed on the outer periphery of the crystal lattice of the liquid crystal display element. In the present embodiment, when the substrate 1 and the substrate 2 are bonded together, the adhesive wall structure 7 and the sealing material 13 can be attached. As described above, since the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal has a gap portion between the pixels without the electrode, it is always necessary. Since it is lit, it is necessary to provide a black matrix. Therefore, in this embodiment, a black matrix is also provided on the back surface of the second substrate 2 (refer to FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 3, the black matrix 6 is provided in The vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the display surface) overlaps the pillars 15. As shown in Fig. 4, the adjacent pixels 25 are connected to each other through the opening 27 provided between the pillars 15. In order to inject liquid crystal into all the pixels 25 of the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal is injected by, for example, a vacuum injection method, 14 1362522. However, in the lattice structure of the liquid crystal display element 10 of the present embodiment, the support 15 Since it is a cross shape, the opening portion 27 between the connection pixels 25 can be made extremely small. Thus, when the opening portion 27 is extremely small, the support 15 can be used instead of the black matrix, and therefore, the black matrix 6 can be omitted.

In the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the pillar of the wall structure which is cross-structured except for the minute gap (opening 27) at the center of the periphery of the pixel Enclosed 15, therefore, the flow of liquid crystal injected into the interior of the pixel can be limited. Therefore, even when a pressing force is applied to the display surface or the bending member, the display change of the pixel can be prevented.

Actually, the liquid crystal display element 10 of the present embodiment has a pixel pitch of 0.24 mm, the opening portion 27 is 0.03 mm, the display size is 38 leaves, the thickness of the film substrate is 0.125 mm, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 4 Å. A cholesteric liquid crystal display element of m, and a practical test was carried out on this. As a result, it was confirmed that the cholesteric liquid crystal display element did not change in display even if the curvature radius of curvature was 6 〇 mm. In the case of the conventional cholesteric liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1, the light is placed on the hand and the display changes. As described above, with the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a flexible selective reflection type liquid crystal display element (which can be applied to electronic paper). Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment has a structure in which a wall structure body is disposed in a tangential manner with the sealing material on the side of the sealing material (four). Therefore, in the twin crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid crystal is not external to the (four) wall surface structure 17, and does not occur in the case where the liquid crystal is in contact with the sealing material η as shown in the conventional liquid crystal display. In the past, liquid crystal displays were used to avoid the contact of liquid crystals with rhyme materials by *pure substance = dyeing. It is necessary to use expensive materials on the sealing material. It is also not easy to select a strong material as the sealing material. Since the liquid helium surface structure 17 is a material having an adhesive force, in the present embodiment, the structure of the sealing member 13 may be omitted. Further, the structure of the == sealing material is not limited to the above reason, and therefore, the liquid crystal display element 1 ()% of the actual state can realize an inexpensive material display member. [Embodiment 1] The arrangement of the pillars 15 in the liquid crystal display element 1G is described as a pattern of ribs and (4) = 1. Qian Jing (4) 7^1G towel, fine 5 through the opening In order to put the LCD into the image = kg with a pixel connection. However, the opening portion 27 is 25 m and is not necessarily provided in the adjacent pixel.彳Μ ° The first connection of the pixel 2 5 and the 4 adjacent ones [Embodiment 2] The other is the display of the pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 10 = the cause: sub-pixel 25 passes through the opening 27 and the adjacent opening portion 27_. For example, the pixel 仏 and the pixel tapping are not formed by the liquid - batch-/°° pillar structure shown in FIG. 6 by patterning the junctions of the first embodiment: the left and right adjacent pillars 15 are mutually ^. At this time, in the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows, the connected 16 1362522 pillars 15 are shifted by only one to the left and right. [Embodiment 3] Fig. 7 is a view showing another configuration example of the pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 1A.

In the example shown in Fig. 7, the pixel 25 is connected to the adjacent two pixels through the opening 27. The pillar structure shown in Fig. 7 is formed by patterning the liquid crystal display elements of the embodiment so that the pillars 15 adjacent to each other are connected to each other. At this time, in the odd-numbered columns and the even-numbered columns, the connected pillars 15 are shifted by only one vertical direction. In the basic configuration of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment, the less the opening portion 27 is, the more the liquidity of the liquid crystal injected into the pixel 25 can be restricted. Therefore, the display changes the bending of the element or the pressing force applied to the display surface. The more patience it will be. Further, the smaller the gap width of the opening portion 27, the more the display change resistance can be improved. Further, since the viscosity of the liquid crystal is lowered when the temperature is high, the liquid crystal is preferably heated in the liquid crystal injection step. Pressurization is also effective in reducing time.

[Embodiment 4] Fig. 8 is a view showing another example of the structure of the pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment. There are four types of pillars shown in the figure, one of which is a substantially L-shaped pillar 35-1, and the other three have a shape in which the pillar 35-1 is rotated clockwise by 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees. The strut 35-2 is rotated by 90 degrees, the strut 35·3 is rotated by 180 degrees, and the strut 35-4 is rotated by 270 degrees. In the present embodiment, the four types of pillars 35-1 to 35-4 are disposed on the side of the four 17 1362522 of the pixel 25. That is, the support 35-1, the support 35-2, the support 35-3, and the support 35-4 are disposed in the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner, and the lower left corner. Since the four types of pillars 35 (35-1 to 35-4) surround the outer periphery of the pixel 25, the opening 37 of the present embodiment is configured to move the opening 27 of the first embodiment to the top or bottom or the left and right. position. In the arrangement pattern of the pillars 15 of the first embodiment, since the openings 27 are linearly arranged upward or downward or left and right, the liquid crystal in the pixels 15 easily flows in the linear direction. Actually, after experimenting with the liquid crystal display element 1 of the embodiment, it was found that the display was changed linearly from the opening portion 27. Therefore, by forming the pattern of the pillars 35 as shown in Fig. 8, the openings 37 are not linearly arranged, and it is possible to prevent a display change which becomes a problem in the liquid crystal display element 1 of the embodiment. [Embodiment 5] Fig. 9 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the adjacent pillars 35 in the fourth embodiment were joined in the same manner as in the second embodiment. As a result, the pixel 25a is connected to the left and right pixels 25a and 25d and the T pixel 25e through the opening 37, but is not connected to the upper pixel 25b. As described above, in the fifth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 is connected to the three pixels in the four pixels adjacent to the upper, lower, left, and right through the opening 37. [Embodiment 6] Fig. 1 is a view showing another example of the structure in which the pillars of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment are arranged in a pattern of 18, 1362522. In the sixth embodiment, the adjacent pillars 35 in the fourth embodiment were joined in the same manner as in the third embodiment. As a result, the pixel 25a is connected to the left pixel 25c and the lower pixel 25e through the opening 37, but is not connected to the upper pixel and the right pixel 25d. As described above, in the sixth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 is connected to the two pixels in the four pixels adjacent to the upper, lower, left, and right through the opening 37.

The liquid crystal display elements of the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment can suppress the liquid crystal flow inside the pixel 25 more effectively than the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. In the case of the liquid crystal layers in the above-described Embodiments 4 to 6, if the pillars are fine, a part of the missing pattern (for example, an elongated portion) may occur in the lithography imaging step, and it is possible to reduce the yield, for example. In the pillar, when the width of the elongated shape portion is about 1 〇 " m and the length is about 15 〇 / / m, the pillar formed in the lithography imaging step is liable to collapse, and the probability of peeling is high. Therefore, try to change the pillar to the shape shown in Figure 11, then

The development in the image forming step prevents the occurrence of defects due to peeling. [Embodiment 7] Fig. 11 is a view showing another example of the structure of the support arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of the seventh embodiment has a pattern structure in which the pillars 45a and the pillars 45b are alternately arranged, and the pillar 45b has a shape obtained by rotating the pillar 45a clockwise by 180 degrees with the center of the pillar 45a as an axis. In the liquid crystal layer of the seventh embodiment, since the openings 19 1362522 47 of the adjacent pixels 25 are not linearly arranged, the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixels 25 can be suppressed. Further, each of the pillars 45 (45a' 45b) has a highly symmetrical shape (a point-symmetric shape). Therefore, it is difficult to peel off in the lithography imaging step. [Embodiment 8] Fig. 12 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of Example 8 was bonded to the two types of pillars 45a and 45b of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7 by the same rules as those of the liquid crystal layer of Example 5. In other words, the liquid crystal layer of the eighth embodiment has a structure in which two pillars 45 (pillars 45a and pillars 45b) adjacent to each other in the liquid crystal layer of the integrated embodiment 7 are connected. The connection and integration of the two adjacent pillars 45 (the pillars 45a and the pillars 45b) are shifted by only one in the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows. As a result, all of the odd rows have the same arrangement pattern (first arrangement pattern) of the pillars 451, and all the even rows have the same arrangement pattern (second arrangement pattern) of the pillars 451. In the liquid crystal layer of the eighth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 has three openings 47, and the transmission opening 47 is connected to three adjacent pixels existing on the left and right and up or down. However, since the arrangement positions of the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of the opening portions 47 are different, the opening portions 47 of the 'pixels 25 are not linearly arranged. Therefore, the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel 25 can be suppressed more than in the seventh embodiment. [Embodiment 9] Fig. 13 is a view showing another example of the structure of the support arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of Example 9 was bonded to the two types of pillars 45a and 45b of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7 by the same rules as those of the liquid crystal layer of Example 6. In the ninth embodiment, the liquid crystal layer is connected to the two types of pillars 45 (the pillars 45a and the pillars 45b) of the liquid crystal layer of the embodiment 7 in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. Specifically, the opening 47t that is disposed in the vertical direction is connected via one opening, and the opening 47y that is disposed in the lateral direction is interposed therebetween.

As described above, as a result of connecting the opening 47t and the opening 47y, the pixel 25 of the liquid crystal layer of the ninth embodiment has two openings (the opening 47t opening 47y). The pixel 25 of the liquid crystal layer of the ninth embodiment is connected to the left or right adjacent pixel through the opening (opening 47t opening 47y) and the pixel adjacent to the upper or lower pixel. However, the openings 47 are not linearly arranged. Therefore, the pixel of the liquid crystal layer of Example 9 can suppress the fluidity of the liquid crystal inside more than the pixel of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7. Further, since the number of the openings of the pixel of the ninth embodiment is smaller than that of the pixel of the eighth embodiment, the liquid crystal of the pixel of the ninth embodiment is smaller than that of the pixel of the eighth embodiment. [Embodiment 10]

Fig. 14 is an exploded view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of this embodiment having a liquid crystal layer having another structure. In the liquid crystal display element 50 shown in Fig. 14, the components having the same structure as the constituent elements of the liquid crystal phase of Fig. 2 are characterized in that the element 5 () is not in the liquid crystal layer. Use between the open. That is, as shown in Fig. 15, in the liquid crystal display element: the voxel 55 material is connected to the m-plane structure to form a hungry first surface structure: side. In other words, each of the pixels 55 has a structure in which all of the side faces of the first covering circumference are not connected to the adjacent pixel connection 21 I362522. Therefore, the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel 55 can be completely prevented. A rectangular second wall structure 57 is disposed on the outer circumference of the first wall structure 59. The second wall structure 57 also has a connector. The first wall structure 59 and the second wall structure 57 are the same member'. Further, a rectangular sealing material 54 is disposed on the outer circumference of the second wall structure 57. The first and second wall structures (59, 57) and the sealing material 54 may be formed of the same member or may be formed by the same steps. In the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display element 50 of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal injection of the pixel 55 is performed, for example, by dropping the liquid crystal to the pixel 55. Further, after the liquid crystal injection in the pixel 55 is completed, the wall surface is used. The structure π ' 59 and the sealing material 54 are bonded to the substrate 1 and the substrate 2 (joined) to form a liquid crystal lattice. The embodiment 10 also serves as a structure in which the liquid crystal injected into the pixel is not in contact with the sealing material 54. only The liquid crystal may be dropped into the inside of the first and second wall structures 59, 57 or the inside of the first wall structure 59. Therefore, the sealing material 54 may use an inexpensive material or a material having high adhesion. Since the first and second wall structures (59, 57) have an adhesive property, the sealing material 54 may be omitted. However, in the step of dropping liquid crystal (cholesterol liquid crystal) onto the pixel and then bonding the two substrates, bubbles may be formed. Therefore, the liquid crystal is applied to the liquid crystal display element 50. The liquid crystal display element 50 of the embodiment 10 can also be added with a new step in the steps of manufacturing the liquid crystal display elements of the embodiments 1 to 9. For example, in the manufacturing steps of the liquid crystal display elements of Examples 1 to 9, after the liquid crystal is injected into 22 1362522 pixels, the sealing of the sealing portion is performed. At this time, for example, the opening portion is reduced as much as possible. After the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal structure is added to the closed opening portion by the borrowing material. [Embodiment 11] Figs. 16 and 17 show the color liquid crystal of the embodiment u of the present invention. Master of pieces Section. Figure 16 using the selected lines of the reflective type color liquid crystal cholesterol cross-section of a display element.

As shown in the figure, the color liquid crystal display element is a sequential laminated R (red) display panel (liquid crystal panel) 61 〇, G (green) display panel (liquid panel) 620, and B (blue) display panel ( In the configuration of the liquid crystal panel, the b display panel 630 is the uppermost layer.

The R display panel 610, the G display panel 620, and the B display panel 63 are respectively provided with pillar arrangement patterns shown in Figs. 17(a) to n(c). That is, the R display panel 610, the G display panel 620, and the B display panel 630 have the pillar arrangement pattern of the first embodiment (see FIG. 5), the pillar arrangement pattern of the fourth embodiment (see FIG. 8), and the pillar of the fourth embodiment. Configure the pattern. However, the pillar arrangement pattern of the B display panel 63 is the structure after the pillar pattern of the fourth embodiment is deformed. Thereby, the opening between the display panel 620 and the B display panel 630 is not linearly arranged in the longitudinal direction (the direction perpendicular to the display surface). In the above-described structure, when all of the pillar arrangement patterns of the liquid crystal layers of the three panels 610 to 630 are the structures of the first embodiment, the openings of the respective panels of the adjacent RGB in the longitudinal direction are linearly arranged. Therefore. Since the liquid crystal in the opening between the pillars is always in a state of illumination, when the openings of the respective panels of the RGB are arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction, the eyes of the user's eyes 23 1362522 will be regarded as all of the RGB 3 colors. Lights up, so the display contrast will drop. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a black matrix at the position of the opening. In the present embodiment, as described above, since the opening of the G display panel 620 and the opening of the B display panel 630 are not arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction, the black matrix is not required. That is, as shown in Fig. 16, the opening portion 617 between the pixels 25R of the R display panel 610, the opening portion 627 between the pixels 25G of the G display panel 620, and the opening portion between the pixels 25B of the B display panel 630 are formed. 637 should not be arranged in a straight line in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, if the pillar is not a completely transparent body, the noise light generated by the lighting state in the opening portions (617, 627) of the lower panel (the R display panel 610 and the G display panel 620 in this embodiment) can be reduced. . If the transparency of the pillar is low, the opening portion 637 of the uppermost panel (B display panel 630 in this embodiment) may be disposed only with respect to the opening portions (617, 627) of the lower panel (61〇, 620). It is in the position in the longitudinal direction (directly above). In the case where the black matrix is not provided, the opening of the pixel of the uppermost panel is turned on. In the present embodiment, the uppermost panel is set to be B having a low sensitivity characteristic to the light wavelength of the human eye. (blue) display panel 630. Therefore, in the color liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment, even if the black matrix is omitted, the display characteristics of the color liquid crystal display element can be reduced, and the display performance can be practically not problematic. Therefore, with the color liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment, an inexpensive color liquid crystal display element which eliminates the black matrix can be realized. In each of the above embodiments, it is conceivable that the smaller the opening portion is, the longer the injection time of the liquid crystal is. However, when the liquid crystal is injected, if the temperature of the liquid crystal is raised to lower the viscosity of the liquid 24 1362522 crystal, it is not procedurally. A liquid crystal display element is produced within a time period that may be problematic.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the bi-static liquid crystal display device, it is possible to prevent the display surface from being pressed to change the display state, and since the resistance to bending or bending is increased, It can impart flexibility to the cholesteric liquid crystal display element. Further, since a black matrix is not required, a cheap cholesteric liquid crystal display element can be realized. Further, since the liquid crystal does not hit the sealing material, the sealing material can use an inexpensive material. Further, the sealing material may be omitted by increasing the adhesion of the wall structure located on the outer periphery of the pillar. In this way, it is possible to provide a cheaper cholesterol liquid. The second wall structure has a substantially rectangular surrounding structure. However, when the sealing material is used in combination, it may not be a surrounding structure. Furthermore,

At this time, the second wall structure may be formed in a shape similar to that of the first wall surface structure disposed in each pixel. Although not shown, the second wall surface structure of the pixel end row and the second wall surface structure around the pixel are preferably in contact with each other. The fluidity of the liquid crystal can be lowered by the second wall structure. Can be: Open mouth ## In the width of your teaching, such as j, consider the shape of a ^. Further, the number of the openings of the adjacent pixels is not necessarily one. It is also possible to provide a plurality of small openings between adjacent pixels. Furthermore, a cylinder or a corner post may be provided inside the pixel. If the configuration W is set, it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal from flowing, and it is also expected to reduce the multiplication effect of the deformation of the pixel. 25 Also, it is also possible to use the wall structure and the partition of the conventional lift + \ $. 'Although the above embodiment is purely a fish piece, the liquid crystal display element of the Boss matrix method - the invention can also be easily applied to the active 7 Γ > fiL dry type (the day is not obvious. The shape of the actual image is rectangular, but the shape of the present invention is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be other shapes. Moreover, the present invention is also applicable to the memory of the age of the scorpion in addition to the cholesteric liquid crystal display element. Other liquid crystal liquid crystal display elements of the present invention. The present invention is suitable for display elements of electronic paper because of good flexibility, impact resistance, and good press resistance to a display surface. Industrial Applicability The present invention is in addition to electronics. In addition to the display elements of paper, it is also suitable for display components such as portable books such as electronic books, electronic newspapers, electronic posters, and portable terminals such as PDAs (Personal Data ASsistant), which require flexible portable devices. A display device for a display of a paper-type computer that can be realized in the future, or a display device that is decorated in various fields such as a display for a storefront, etc. t-Simple description 3 1 An exploded view showing a lattice structure of a liquid crystal display element having a conventional dot matrix structure in which a lattice spacer is realized by a pillar spacer. Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of pillars in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. 26 1362522 Fig. 4 is an arrangement structure of openings of liquid crystal display pixels of the present embodiment. Fig. 5 is a view showing the present embodiment. Fig. 6 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal layer of the present embodiment. Fig. 7 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal according to the embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal according to the present embodiment. Fig. 9 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 5 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 10 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 6 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 11 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 7 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment.

In the embodiment 1 of the display element provided in the element between the pillars, the display element of the embodiment 2, the display element of the embodiment 3, the fourth embodiment of the display element, and the embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment The pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in 8. Fig. 13 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the embodiment 9 of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment. Fig. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of the embodiment having the liquid crystal layer of the tenth embodiment. Fig. 15 is a view showing a pattern of a wall structure in the liquid crystal layer of Example 10. Fig. 16 is a cross section of a color liquid crystal display element using a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal according to Example 11 of the present invention. 17(a) to 17(c) are the pillar arrangement patterns of the B (blue) display panel, the G (green) display panel, and the R (red) display panel in the color liquid crystal display device of the eleventh embodiment, respectively. . [Description of main component symbols] L.. First substrate 2-.. Second substrate 3' U, 54··· Sealing material 4, 14... Injection port 5 '15'35-1-35-4'45a '45b ' 451··· pillar 6: · black matrix, 50, ·. liquid crystal display element 16 · · field 17, 57 ·.. second wall structure

One side of the second wall structure: 21.. column electrode 23.., row electrode 25, 25a-25e, 25R, 25G, 25B, 55... pixels 27, 37, 47t, 47y, 617, 627 637... Opening portion 59... First wall structure 61〇···β display panel 620..G display panel 630.. ΒDisplay panel 28

Claims (1)

1362522 No. 100104310 Application No. 10126 Amendment and Replacement 7. Patent application scope: 1. A dot matrix type liquid crystal display element, which is provided with a liquid crystal panel which is provided with a first substrate provided with a first electrode, and is provided a second substrate having a second electrode and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer is provided with a first wall surface structure, the first wall surface The structural system is disposed between the pixels and has an adhesiveness, and the first wall structure has an opening portion for connecting adjacent pixels, the pixel is rectangular, and the cross section of the first wall surface structure A side wall having at least two of the four sides of each pixel has a shape of the opening. 2. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display element is provided with a second wall structure, the second wall structure being disposed around the first wall structure and having an adhesive property. 3. As in the liquid crystal display element of claim 1, the laminated layer has a plurality of the aforementioned liquid crystal panels. 4. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the opening portion is disposed non-linearly in the longitudinal direction. 5. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the opening portion is disposed in a lateral direction in a non-linear manner. 6. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the opening portion is disposed non-linearly in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. 7. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the first wall surface structure system surrounds all of the side faces of the respective pixels. The liquid crystal display element of claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal in the pixel surrounded by the first wall structure in the liquid crystal layer is formed by dropping. 9. The liquid crystal display element of claim 2, wherein the sealing material is disposed on the outer circumference of the second wall surface structure. 10. The liquid crystal display element of claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal injected into the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel is injected only into a region surrounded by the second wall structure. 11. The liquid crystal display element of claim 2, wherein the sealing material is not disposed on the outer circumference of the second wall surface structure. 12. The liquid crystal display device of claim 11, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are subsequently fixed by the first and second wall structures. 13. The liquid crystal display element of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal panel of the uppermost layer exhibits a blue color. 14. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3 is not provided with a black matrix for shielding. 15. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the cross-section of the first wall structure is a cross-shaped pillar. 16. The liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, wherein the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer is a memory liquid crystal. 17. The liquid crystal display element of claim 16, wherein the memory liquid crystal is a cholesteric liquid crystal. 18. For the liquid crystal display element of claim 1 or 3, it is mounted on 30 1362522 _ - 10010431 · Application 10126 to modify the replacement electronic information machine. 31