TWI354833B - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Description

丄 354833 _ Patent Application No. 99130153 v. October 25, 100, revised replacement page, sixth, invention description: 'Technical field of invention> " The present invention relates to a common substrate having a pixel electrode and having common * A liquid crystal display device V with vertical alignment type liquid crystal is sealed between the second substrates of the electrodes. [Prior Art] A liquid crystal display device (hereinafter referred to as LCD) has a thin and low power consumption characteristic, and is now widely used in displays such as computer monitors and portable information devices. In this type of LCD, liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of substrates, and the display is controlled by the electrodes formed on the respective substrates to control the alignment of the liquid crystals between the substrates, the LCD and the CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display, and the electric excitation light. Electroluminescence, hereinafter referred to as EL) display, etc., differs in principle. In principle, it is not possible to emit light by itself, and therefore a light source is required in order to display an image to an observer. Here, in the 'transmissive LCD', a transparent electrode is used as an electrode formed on each of the φ substrates, and a light source is disposed behind and on the side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the light transmittance of the light source is controlled by the liquid crystal panel, so that even the ambient light It is darker and can also be displayed brightly. However, since the light source is often illuminated for display, there is a possibility that the power consumption due to the light source cannot be avoided, or the contrast is not ensured in an environment where the light outside the day is very strong, and sufficient contrast cannot be ensured. On the other hand, in the reflective LCD, light such as the sun or an indoor lamp is used as a light source, and the ambient light incident on the liquid crystal panel is reflected by the reflective electrode of the substrate formed on the non-observation surface side. Then, according to 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 3 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153, revised replacement page on October 25, 100

The pixels control the amount of light emitted from the liquid crystal panel by the light incident on the liquid crystal layer and reflected by the reflective electrode, thereby displaying. Since the reflective LCD uses external light as a light source, unlike the transmissive LCD, there is no power consumption of the light source, and it has a very low power consumption, and when v is bright around the house, A sufficient contrast is obtained, and conversely, in the absence of external light, there is a property that the display cannot be seen. Herein, a display which can be easily observed outside the house and which can be observed in a dark place has recently been proposed, and has been attracting attention, for example, in the early Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 11-101992, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-255399 A transflective LCD having a reflective function and a light penetrating function disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. The transmissive LCD seeks to have both a penetrating function and a reflecting function by providing a penetrating region and a reflecting region in a pixel region. As described above, since the above-described semi-transmissive LCD can be used as a display device such as a portable information device, it is possible to have both the visibility of the outside and the visibility in the dark state. _ However, in the portable information machine, etc., the observation state is various, and in order to realize high-quality display even in various observation states (especially various observation angles), it is necessary to enlarge the viewing angle. In addition, since the semi-transparent LCD system divides a pixel into a transmissive area and a reflective area to achieve translucency, the penetration of one pixel is lower than that of the transmissive LCD or Reflective type [CD, therefore, in order to improve the display quality of each display area (penetrating area, reflective area), there must be a higher contrast regardless of the area. Ren Yan, about the semi-transparent LCD, only stays at the same time with penetration 317049D1D1 (revision) 4 1354833

The present invention aims to achieve the quality of a transflective LCD or a color LCD. The present invention can realize a semi-transmissive LCD as described above, and has the following liquid crystal display device, which has a plurality of pixels and/or a pixel electrode - between the substrate and the co-energized, sealed with vertical alignment type liquid crystal, in the basin, after the sputum to the younger brother; the substrate to the county Xu A x, /, the shape of each pixel is curved in the direction of $, 1 long; The pixel storage is formed by extending the curved region in the column direction; the first end is cut into the preferential viewing angle Hi region of the paste pixel region, and the second viewing angle is in the other aspect of the present invention, the first prime region In the liquid 曰 / 糸 is a liquid crystal display skirt, in the area, and, in the aforementioned ', the direction is divided into two different cut into two different areas. In the region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is divided into other aspects of the present invention, and is a liquid crystal display device, which is controlled in the direction of the front direction in the direction of the 5 317 049 D1D1 (Revised Edition) I Patent No. 99130153 The direction of the liquid crystal display is perpendicular to the area in which the liquid crystal alignment direction is controlled in the vertical direction, and the liquid crystal display device is in the front of the present invention. The area of the pixel area is small. f is a plurality of pixels, and between the second substrate having the pixel=#liquid crystal display device with the electrode, the first substrate has a common direction of the length direction of the column line: crystal ' The dividing line in which the 'each image' direction extends is divided and the length is long; each pixel is provided by the second pixel region along the f-pixel region'. The alignment direction is 1 and the area of the angle difference of the aforementioned second image = 90 degrees or less has four degrees of 90 degrees or ° 〇, and the liquid crystal alignment direction is divided in other aspects of the invention: An area with a poor angle. Four in the area: 1 liquid crystal display device, the front and the four alignment directions are the same. In the other second aspect of the invention in the second pixel region, the four regions of the prime region are displayed with the crystal display. The preferred viewing angles of the front τ night crystals are the same. The four regions v of the year-pixel region are in other aspects of the present invention, and the area of the pixel region is earlier than the four liquid crystal display pockets, before [Embodiment] The area of the pixel area is small. The embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings (hereinafter referred to as 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 6 1354833 ___ Patent Application No. 99130153, and the revised page "Embodiment" on October 25, 100). [Embodiment 1] v Fig. 1 shows a basic cross-sectional configuration when a semi-transmissive active matrix LCD is used as the transflective LCD of the present embodiment. - The semi-transmissive type of this embodiment The LCD has a plurality of pixels, and the first and second substrates on which the first electrode 200 and the second electrode 320 are formed on the opposite surface sides are bonded together so that the liquid crystal layer 400 is interposed therebetween. Various images A penetrating region 210 and a reflecting region are formed in the region. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is used as the liquid crystal layer 400', and one substrate is provided on the second substrate side or the first substrate. In the pixel region, the alignment control unit 500 (the alignment division) is divided into a plurality of alignment regions. The alignment control unit 500 is, for example, a protrusion 510 protruding from the liquid crystal layer 400 as shown in FIG. 1 , an inclined portion 520 , and In the first drawing, an electrodeless portion or the like is formed by a gap of the pixel electrode 200 (specifically, as described later in I). The first and second substrates 1 and 300 are made of a transparent substrate such as glass. A pixel electrode of an individual pattern of each pixel of a transparent conductive metal oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO, Indium Tin Oxide) or indium zinc oxide (IZO, Indium Zinc Oxide) is formed on the first substrate 100 side. a switching element such as a first electrode and a thin film transistor connected to the pixel electrode 200 (not shown. Referring to FIG. 5 described later, the entire substrate 100 covering the pixel electrode 200 is formed vertically. Alignment type alignment film 260 ° The alignment film 26 〇 is, for example, a polyimine, and the like, in the present embodiment, 7 317 049 D1 D1 (Revised Edition) 1354833 _____ No. 99130153 Patent Application No. V 100 October 25 In the frictionless type, the initial alignment of the liquid crystal (the alignment in the non-applied state) is perpendicular to the plane direction of the film. Furthermore, the structure shown in Fig. 5 (specifically, as shown later) In the formation region of one pixel electrode 200, a transparent region V 210 composed only of the transparent electrode and a reflection film or a reflection electrode formed by laminating the transparent electrode may be provided. In the second substrate 300 in which the liquid crystal layer 400 is lost between the first substrate 100 and the first substrate 100, the r, g, and Lu B color filter layers 330r are first placed on the side opposite to the liquid crystal. 330g, 330b are formed at corresponding predetermined positions. Further, a light shielding layer for preventing light leakage between pixels is provided in a gap (a gap of a pixel region) of each of the color filters and light layers 330r, 330g, and 330b (herein a black color filter layer 330 BM. The color filter layers 330r, 330g, and 330b are formed with a gap adjusting portion 340 made of a light-transmitting material or a material to be opposed to the reflection region 220 of each pixel. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer (cell gap) dr is smaller than the thickness (cell gap) dt of the liquid crystal layer in the penetrating region 210 by a desired value ^(dr<dt). The thickness of the gap adjusting portion 340 is incident. The light passes through the liquid crystal layer 400, the second penetration region 210, and the secondary reflection region 220, respectively, corresponding to the difference in thickness d of the liquid crystal layer required to obtain the most suitable transmittance and reflectance. Therefore, 'for example' determines the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer, so that The most suitable transmittance can be obtained in the penetration region 210 where the gap adjustment portion 340 is not provided, and in the reflection region 220, by providing the gap adjustment portion 340 having a desired thickness, it is possible to obtain a smaller than the penetration region 210. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer d. 8 317049D1D1 (revision)

Patent Application No. 99130153, in the Japanese Patent Application No. 99130153, the Japanese Patent Application No. In the upper portion, the alignment control unit 500 is formed to form the liquid crystal alignment direction in the alignment target A pixel region, and to divide the projection AP 51°0 into two different regions. This can be used as a second layer of 400 protrusions, which can be electrically conductive or can be used for insulation. For example, an acrylic resin or the like can be formed to form a desired pattern. The protrusions 51G respectively form a tooth-permeable region in the pixel region. 210 and the reflection area 22〇. The accommodating portion 51 〇 and the common electrode 32 are formed so as to form a rubbing-free alignment film 260 ′ which is the same vertical alignment type as the first substrate side. As described above, the alignment 臈 260 has the liquid crystal aligned in the direction ' perpendicular to the plane direction of the film, and the inclined surface reflecting the shape of the protrusion 510 is formed at the position covering the protrusion 51G. Therefore, at the position where the projection portion 51 is formed, the liquid crystal is aligned in the vertical direction with respect to the slope of the alignment film 260 covering the projection portion 510, and the alignment direction of the briquettes is defined by the projection portion 51. In the present embodiment, the side surface of the gap adjusting portion 340 provided on the second substrate side is inclined to a tapered shape, and the alignment film 260 covering the gap adjusting portion mo continues the inclined surface to form a slope. The liquid crystal is also controlled in the direction perpendicular to the inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the gap adjusting portion 340 is also used as the alignment control portion 500. In the semi-transmissive LCD shown in Fig. 1, the 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 9 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153 of the semi-transmissive LCD shown in Fig. 1 is amended on October 25, 100. Side) is provided with a linear polarizing plate (first polarizing plate) 112, and a wide wavelength 'band λ/4 plate composed of a combination of λ/4 phase difference plate and λ/2 phase difference plate (first phase difference) The plate 111 is composed of the linear polarizing plate 112 and the phase difference plate 11 to form a wide-wavelength-region circular polarizing plate 110. A phase difference plate 310 having a negative refractive index anisotropy is provided on the outer side (observation side) of the second substrate 300 as an optical compensation plate, and a combination of a /4 phase plate and a Λ/2 phase plate is further provided. The wide-wavelength band λ/4 plate (second phase difference plate) 111 and the linear polarizing plate (second polarizing plate) 112 are the same as the first substrate side, and the linear polarizing plate 112 and the phase difference plate U1 constitute a wide π. Domain circular polarizing plate 11 〇. Here, the arrangement relationship of the optical elements can be as shown in an example of the lower part of Fig. 1, and the axis of the second polarizing plate is arranged to be 90 ′. The retardation axis of the first λ /4 plate is 90. , the second λ /4 . The slow phase axis of the board is configured as 180. The axis of the second polarizing plate is 135. . The linear polarizing plate 112 which is emitted from the light source 600 and penetrates the linear polarizing plate 112 on the side of the second substrate 1 and is along the polarization axis direction of the polarizing plate 112 is made to have a phase difference by the first λ /4 plate 111. It deviates from /4 and becomes circularly polarized. Here, in the present embodiment, in order to improve the light use efficiency (teeth permeability) in the liquid crystal cell, at least for any of the components of R, G, and 波长 having different wavelengths, it is necessary to use λ. Both the /4 phase plate and the λ/2 phase plate • As the wide-wavelength band λ/4 plate 111. The resulting circularly polarized light is incident on the liquid crystal layer 400 through the pixel electrode 200 at the penetration region. In the transflective LCD of the present embodiment, as described above, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy (? ε < 0) is used in the liquid crystal layer 400' and the vertical alignment type alignment film 26 is used. Hey. 10 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 1354833 _ Patent Application No. 99-0153 - October 25, 100, revised replacement page. Therefore, 'in the non-applied state of the voltage, the direction is perpendicular to the direction of the plane of the alignment film 260, respectively. As the applied voltage increases, the 'long axis direction of the liquid crystal is inclined perpendicularly to the electric field formed between the pixel electrode 200 and the common electrode 320 (parallel to the plane direction of the substrate). When a voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal layer 400, the polarization state does not change in the liquid crystal layer 400, and the circularly polarized light directly reaches the second substrate 3, and the circular eclipse is eliminated in the second λ/4 plate 111 to become a straight line. Polarized light. At this time, since the second polarizing plate 112 is disposed so as to be perpendicular to the direction of the linear polarization from the second; 1/4 plate 111, the linearly polarized light cannot penetrate the direction perpendicular to the first polarizing plate 112. The second polarizing plate 112 of the transmission axis (polarizing axis) turns the display black. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 400, the liquid crystal layer 400 deflects the incident circle, and the light produces a phase difference 'for example, a reversed circularly polarized light, an elliptically polarized light, or a linearly polarized light' obtained by the second Α/4 plate ill. The light is further shifted by λ/4 phase' to become linearly polarized light (parallel to the through-axis of the second polarizing plate), elliptically polarized, and circularly polarized, and these polarized light have a component along the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 112, corresponding to The light of the component is emitted from the second polarizing plate 112 toward the observation side and is recognized as a display (white or halftone). Further, the retardation plate 31 is a negative retarder, which can improve the optical characteristics when observing the LCD from an oblique direction, and improve the viewing angle. Further, instead of the negative retarder (310) and the λ/4 plate 111, a one-axis two-axis phase difference plate having both functions can be used, whereby the thickness of the LCD can be reduced and the transmittance can be improved. In the present embodiment, as described above, the gap adjustment unit 340, 11 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833, the patent application No. 99130153, the replacement of the patent on October 25, 1 will substantially control the transmittance of light. The thickness (cell gap) d of the liquid crystal layer 400 is set to a desired gap between the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 220. The main reason is that the light source 600 disposed on the back side of the LCD (the first substrate 100 side in the first drawing) penetrates the liquid crystal layer 400 and is emitted from the second substrate 300 side to the outside in the penetration region 210. The amount of light (transmission rate) is controlled to be displayed, and in the reflection region 220, light incident from the observation side of the LCD toward the liquid crystal layer 400 is reflected by the reflection film provided in the formation region of the pixel electrode 200, Further, the amount of light (the reflectance of the LCD) emitted from the second substrate side toward the observation side is controlled to be transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 400 again to perform display, and the number of times of penetration of the liquid crystal layer is different. That is, since the light system penetrates the liquid crystal layer 400 two times in the reflective region 220, the cell gap dr must be set smaller than the liquid crystal cell gap dt of the penetrating region shout 210. In the actual shape, as shown in Fig. 1, by providing the gap adjusting portion 34G having a desired thickness only in the reflection region 22() of each region, the above-mentioned dr<dt° entire portion 34{) is achieved. It is light-transmissive and can be formed into a desired thickness. There is no other particular limitation, and for example, an acrylic acid (tetra) resin or the like which is also used as a planarization insulating layer or the like can be produced. When the side surface of the gap adjusting portion 340 is used as the portion (the inclined portion 52A) of the alignment control portion 500 as described above, at least the taper angle must be less than 9 degrees with respect to the substrate plane. The reason is that if the taper angle is above 9 degrees, the alignment of the liquid crystal will be chaotic on the side of the gap adjusting portion 340, and the shape will be the common electrode chat on the gap adjusting portion 34 (), and the coverage of the alignment film lake. It will also become inadequate. In addition, the side of the gap adjusting portion 340 has an effect on the τ itself OL. If the taper angle is too small, the gap is adjusted to 12 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, revised replacement page king. The area of the side surface of 卩3= is increased, so that the aperture ratio of the pixel, especially the period, is increased, and the aperture ratio of the reflection area of the gradation is lowered. Thereby, the gap is adjusted. It is preferable that the taper angle of the side surface of the crucible 340 is such that the coverage of the second electrode 320 of the upper layer and the film 260 is not lowered, and the alignment of the liquid crystal can be performed, and the rate is reduced. More specifically, it is preferably in the range of 3 to 8 degrees. The page is skewed. The crucible 520 is a gap adjusting portion having a taper angle of the range, and the a ^1 column is such that the acrylic resin containing a photosensitive agent can be used. Then, the two-week positive material is started by the addition of the gap adjusting agent to the acrylic acid resin, the content of the photopolymerizable monomer is blended with the production conditions, and the exposure is adjusted. Form any slanting taper angle. The island makes the gap: the side is the cis-bevel cone, in addition to adjusting the material, the gas index = = = : The following method: using the oxygen present in the surrounding == 洪 caused by resin roasting, melt flow (5) (10) The rhyme can form a straight cone of the desired angle. The effect of the atmosphere is that the oxygen near the surface of the gap adjusting portion 340 is less reversed, and the substrate side farther from the surface is easy to remove the flat (four) during development, and the hardening caused by the continuous polymerization, the width, the narrow tapered cone . On the surface side of the layer 38, the upper side of the layer 38 is formed by an exposure device, for example, in the effect of the proximity exposure gap portion, and the slanting cone is formed in the gap adjusting portion 340. 317049D1D1 (Revised) 13 1354833 _ Patent Application No. 99130153 'Revised replacement page on October 25, 100, after drying in the melt flow, by baking at a temperature of, for example, 80X: to 180 °C Bake for 1 to 20 minutes (for example, at 120 ° C for 8 minutes), and melt the surface and the side surface of the gap adjusting portion 340 to smooth the surface. At the same time, the side surface depends on the surface tension of the molten material itself. • The shape changes to form a straight cone. Here, the organic material used for the gap adjusting portion or the like is known to have sensitivity to the i-line such as sensitivity to the g-line (436 nm), h-line (405) nm, and i-line (248 nm) of the exposure light source. The organic material has a taper angle of more than 90 degrees (reverse taper). Therefore, in the present embodiment, the material of the gap adjusting portion is sensitive to the g-line and the h-line, and the acrylic resin which is easy to form a tapered cone is used. In the present embodiment, in the one pixel region, the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer is changed in the transmissive region 210 and the reflective region 220, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is changed by pixels of R, G, and B having different wavelengths, respectively. (However, it is also possible to set a common gap between R, G, and B according to the characteristics of the LCD). In the example φ of the first embodiment, the thicknesses of the R, G, and B color filters and the optical layers 330r, 330g, and 330b respectively formed on the second substrate 300 side are changed, thereby realizing R and G. And the gap d between all B. It is not limited to the configuration of changing the thickness of the color filter layer. The gap adjustment portion 340 may also be disposed in the penetration region 21, and the gap adjustment may be changed in each of the R, G, and B penetration regions 21 and reflective regions 220. The thickness of the portion 340. Further, in all of r, g, and B, even if the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer is not made different from each other, depending on the characteristics of the LCD, for example, G and B are used as the same liquid crystal layer thickness, and only For other thicknesses of 2 colors, it is also possible to change only d for B. 14 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 1^M833 . Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 100, revised replacement page. · Stomach 2 is not the other structure for making R, G, and B pixels different. In the second figure, the same configuration as that of the i-th figure is not described. In the configuration of Fig. 2, the gap between the RGB layers is not changed on the second substrate side, and the thickness of the lower layer of the pixel electrode and the thickness of the edge layer 38 are adjusted by r, G, and B on the first substrate 100 side. The method of changing the thickness of the planarization insulating layer 38 t is, for example, using a single 7 or a plurality of half exposure materials corresponding to the opening amount of the target thickness to expose the flattened insulating material containing the photosensitive material without adding a special one. The process can form a planarization insulating layer 38 having different thicknesses in each of the dipoles and B pixels. Further, in the reflection region of Fig. 2, irregularities are formed on the planarization insulating layer 38. The flat

The unevenness of the surface of the Le edge layer 38 allows the reflective layer 44 formed in the reflective region to be planarized, and the edge layer 38 Ji to continue the shape, and the surface %* of the reflection|is a concave-convex" and thus enters the crystal layer. Incident light scattered, improve the inverse

The Md domain is not quality. Further, 'the half-exposure for forming the planarizing insulating layer 38 to a different thickness in the above rg and b can be used, and the unevenness in the reflective region of the planarizing insulating layer 38 can be formed together without adding a process. The pixel electrode 200 and m penetrate the contact hole formed by the planarization insulating layer 38. Next, the details of the respective pixels of the transflective LCD of the present embodiment will be described. Fig. 3 is an example of the base-to-plane configuration of the transflective LCD of the present embodiment, and Fig. 4 is a view along the line A-A of Fig. 3, the basic cross-sectional structure of the line. Fig. 5 is a view along the third figure. The basic cross-sectional structure of the B-B' line, the sixth chart is not the specific configuration of the pixel electrode 200 of FIG. 3 and the thin film transistor connected thereto. 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 4833 Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 1995 Revision Correction Page In the plane configuration shown in FIG. 3, the individual patterns of the individual electrodes 200 of each pixel are in the vertical scanning direction of the screen ( In the lower direction of Fig. 3), the hexagonal pattern of the 、, 、, 田长, in the area containing the two sides in the longitudinal direction and surrounded by the slanting lines in the figure (diamond or square in the figure) As shown in Fig. 6, 'a reflective film is selectively formed, and a reflection region 220 ° is provided, and the remaining approximately arrow-shaped region of the hexagonal pixel electrode 2GG is a penetration region 21A.

As can be understood from FIG. 4, the gap adjustment layer 340 is formed on the second substrate 300 so that the thickness (liquid crystal cell gap) dr of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective region 220 is smaller than the gap value in the penetration region 21A. Above, in the example of Fig. 4, it is formed on the common electrode 32A. The narrow end portion of the gap adjusting layer 340 is disposed at a position along the lower side of the quadrangular reflecting region 220 which is substantially line-symmetric with respect to the two upper sides of the pixel electrode 200 of the octagonal I. Further, in the horizontal scanning direction (the horizontal direction in the drawing) of the quadrangular reflection region 22G, the reflection region 220 is divided into the upper and lower sides in the horizontal scanning direction (in the second substrate 300 (specifically, Chu, "In the case of the gap adjustment portion 34" in Fig. 4, a projection portion 51〇r having a triangular cross section is formed. Further, although FIG. 4 is omitted, but as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire surface of the second substrate 300 including the protrusion portion 510 and the gap portion 340 is integrally formed. Covering the vertical alignment film 26η λκ , u α〇. The vertical alignment film 260 is formed on the entire surface side of the pixel electrode 200 including the first substrate 100 side as in the first and second drawings. Therefore, A ^ 匕 'the long axis direction of the liquid crystal in the state in which the voltage is not applied between the pixel electrode 2 〇〇 and the common electrode 3 2 0 (liquid crystal 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 ___ Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, pp., correction, replacement, g, director, 4l, 〇, vertical alignment with respect to the plane direction of the vertical alignment film 260. As a result, on the second substrate side, on the inclined surface of the protrusion portion 51 and the adjustment portion 340, the liquid crystal is directed to the slope of the alignment film 26 which is formed on the side opposite to the liquid crystal with respect to the continuation. Vertical alignment. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the alignment angles (alignment directions) of the liquid crystals formed by the projections 51〇r which divide the reflection region 220 into the upper and lower positions are different from each other by 180. The area. Μ Next, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, 'the penetration area 210 of the shape of the arrow feather' aligns the elongated hexagonal pixel electrode 2 (10) in the vertical scanning direction to the left and right (horizontal scanning direction) in the vertical scanning direction. (corresponding to the portion of the center of the arrow feather) 'The projection portion 51〇t having a triangular cross section is formed on the side of the second substrate 3 (specifically, above the common electrode 320). Though it is omitted in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment, the second substrate 300 side and the i-th substrate 100 side are formed on the contact surface with the liquid crystal as shown in the second and second figures. The vertical alignment film 26〇 is also divided into the alignment direction (orthogonal orientation) of the liquid crystal pointing 41〇 in the penetration region 21〇 by the protrusion 510t formed on the second substrate 300. . The direction. Further, in the present embodiment, not only the projections and the inclined surfaces but also the non-electrode regions 530 are used as the alignment control portion 5, and in the examples of FIGS. 3 to 5, the first substrate 1 is disposed. The gap portion between the pixel electrodes 2'' on the side is used as the electrodeless portion 530 for alignment control. The alignment division by the electrodeless portion 530 utilizes the inclination of the weak electric field when voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 2A and the common electrode 320. In the weak electric field, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the power line indicated by the broken line is corrected from the 317049D1D1 (revision) 17 匕 匕 〇 a correction to replace the end of the j pole (that is, the end of the 'electrode ) is tilted toward the center of the electrodeless portion, and then the short hair system of the liquid crystal having the negative dielectric anisotropy is aligned along the oblique power line, and therefore, the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned from the first month. The direction in which the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal is tilted by the tilt electric field. The hexagonal pixel electrode 200 shown in Fig. 3 has an end portion of the pixel electrode 200, that is, an electrodeless portion having at least six sides. Therefore, the liquid crystal pointing 410 is formed at least in the reflective region 220 due to the protrusions 510 (5U) r, 51 〇 t) and the inclined surface 52 〇 and the electrodeless portion 53 周围 around the pixel electrode 200 in a pixel region _ The two alignment regions form two alignment regions 配 in the f-transmissive region 210 that are different from any of the two regions of the reflective region 220, that is, a total of four regions having different alignment directions are formed. . The liquid crystal pointing 410 is controlled such that the planar component (orthogonal azimuth) is extended with respect to the extending edge of the protrusion 51 and the edge of the electrode (electrodeless portion). vertical. Therefore, even in the above four alignment regions, the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystal in one of the regions is not completely the same. For example, in FIG. 3, the middle position of the vertical cut-in area of the cut-through area 21〇' liquid crystal pointing 41 is aligned with respect to the edge of the protrusion 510t and the pixel electrode 2〇〇 extending in the vertical scanning direction. The direction of the vertical. However, at the intersection of the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 22, for example, the inclined portion (projection portion) 52 of the gap adjustment portion 340 and the protrusion portion 510t of the penetration region 210 are intersected at an angle of more than 90 degrees. With the inclined portion 52 靠近 close to the use of the gap adjusting portion 340, the intersection near the 317049D1D1 (revision) 18 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153 • 100 years 1 month 25 曰 correction replacement page of the liquid crystal alignment azimuth The direction in which the protrusion 510 extends is perpendicular to the direction of the f direction, and changes to a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the inclined portion 520 extends. However, in the aligning area, as will be described later, the matching control is set such that the degree of change (or the maximum angle) of the liquid crystal is adjusted in accordance with the degree of change in the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal. The direction in which P 500 extends, thereby preventing the boundary (disclination line) of the region where the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystal is different at a position where the alignment region is not present. The Y plane ′ describes the relationship between the direction in which the alignment control unit 5i)G of the present embodiment extends and the position of the liquid aa in the _pixel region. . Since the liquid crystal molecules have no characteristic difference between the upper and lower directions in the long axis direction, the alignment azimuth angle of the liquid crystal controlled by the protrusion portion of the penetration region = 21 以及 and the inclination portion 520 of the gap adjustment portion 340 intersecting the = portion 510 t are controlled. The liquid: the angular difference of the azimuth angle of the day b匕90 degrees is small' in the example of Fig. 3. The angle of intersection of p 510t and the inclined portion 52A by the gap adjusting portion 34 is about 135 degrees, and the difference in the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal is 45 degrees. Further, here, the month in which the protrusion 51 〇t and the gap adjustment unit 34 are crossed is described as an example, but there is also a case where there is no physical crossover. In the present specification, the term “intersection” refers to each extension. The line crossings, in addition, when disposed on different substrates, refer to the intersection of the respective extension lines toward the same substrate plane. In addition, the angle of intersection between the inclined portion 520 of the gap adjusting portion 340 and the side of the pixel electrode 200 of the penetration region 21 is used (however, since the inclined portion 520 and the pixel electrode 2 are not formed on the same substrate, Therefore, at this time, the angle of intersection of the projection line of the slab and the slab is not the same as that of the plane of the substrate. In the example of Figure 3, 317,049 D1D1 (Revised Edition) 19 1354833, Patent Application No. 99130153, the revised page of October 25, 100, It is about 45 degrees. The alignment azimuth angle of the liquid crystal controlled by the inclined portion 520 and the alignment azimuth angle of the liquid crystal controlled by the edge of the pixel electrode 200 are still 90 degrees or less, which is an angle smaller than 45 degrees. The angle of intersection of the protrusion 510t near the lower end of the penetration region 210 and the edge of the pixel electrode 200 on the projection line toward the substrate plane is 45 degrees here, because the liquid crystal molecules have no upper and lower characteristics difference as described above, so that the vicinity of the intersection is The difference in the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal is smaller than 90 degrees, and here, it is 45 degrees or less. There is also a region in the penetration region 210 where the sides of the pixel electrode 200 cross each other. In the example of Fig. 3, the side extending in the vertical scanning direction is the side extending from the vertex crossing the protrusion 510 toward the side along the vertical scanning direction, and the angle of intersection between the two sides is larger than 90 degrees. This is 135 degrees. The difference in the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal at the intersection is still due to the fact that the liquid crystal molecules have no difference in upper and lower characteristics, and therefore are also smaller than 90 degrees and are 45 degrees. Similarly, in the reflection region 220, the projection line (including the extension line) of the alignment control unit 500 toward the substrate plane and the other alignment control unit 500 intersect the projection line (including the extension line) of the same substrate plane to make the liquid crystal The alignment control unit 500 is provided such that the difference in the azimuth angle is smaller than 90 degrees. In other words, first, the protrusions 510r that are vertically divided in the alignment direction in the reflection region 220 are intersected with the inclined portion 520 of the gap adjustment portion 340 that intersects the end portion of the pixel electrode 200 at an angle of less than 90 degrees, and the intersection region The angular difference of the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystal is controlled to be less than 45 degrees below 90 degrees. The protrusion 510r and the edge 20 of the pixel electrode 200 of the reflective region 220 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 100, revised the intersection of the father of the replacement page and the angle of projection C toward the substrate plane Also controlled to be less than 90 degrees, the angular difference of the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystals of the intersections is also controlled to be less than 45 degrees less than 90 degrees. As described above, when the alignment control unit 500 intersects the projection lines on the plane of the substrate, the difference in the azimuth angles of the liquid crystals controlled by the alignment control units 5 is less than 9 degrees. The alignment control unit 5 (the protrusion 510, the inclined portion 52 〇, and the electrodeless portion (the shape of the pixel electrode 200 in the example of Fig. 3) 53 〇) are determined. Thereby, it is possible to surely prevent the occurrence of the disclination line at an indefinite position in one of the areas divided by the alignment control unit 500. Further, 'the position where the sides of the pixel electrodes 2 反射 of the reflection region 220 intersect each other (in the vicinity of the apex of the uppermost portion in the vertical scanning direction of the pixel electrode 2 第 in FIG. 3 ) and the gap adjusting portion Mo The intersection of the inclined portions 520 with each other (near the joint of the V-shape), in the example of Fig. 3, the parent angle is 90 degrees. Of course, it is better to set the crossing angle to be less than 9 或者 or more than 90 degrees from the above viewpoint, but since the area of the diamond-shaped reflecting area 220 itself is small compared with the penetrating area 21 ,, it can be prevented from being indefinite The position produces a disclination line. Since the liquid crystal in the reflection region 220 strongly receives the alignment control by the side of the protrusion portion 51〇r, the inclined portion 420, and the pixel electrode 2〇〇, the intersection and the side of the electrode 2〇〇 connected to the reflection region 220 are utilized. There is no physical alignment control unit 5 on the oblique line of the rhombic reflection region 220 at the intersection of the slope portion 520 of the gap adjustment portion 340. However, the adjacent alignment control unit 500 receives the equal control, and the continuous body double 317049D1D1 (corrected version) 21 1354833 _ 99130153 patent which is controlled to the liquid crystal in the vertical direction with respect to the extending direction of the protrusion 510r. Application - On October 25, 100, the effect of the replacement page was corrected. 'The plane component of the liquid crystal pointing 410 at this position is as shown in Fig. 3' and becomes the direction along the vertical scanning direction. Then, along with from that position

The end portions of the pixel electrode in the horizontal scanning direction are close to each other, and the liquid crystal is affected by the extending direction of the edge 530 of the pixel electrode 200 and the slope 520 of the gap adjusting portion 340 and the protrusion portion 510r, and is controlled to be oriented toward and from the extending direction. The direction of the vertical is offset by a small angle (less than 90 degrees, less than 45 degrees in the example of Figure 3). Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the disclination line at an indefinite position even in the reflection area 220. Next, as shown in Fig. 6, the configuration and manufacturing method of the pixel electrode 200 and the thin film transistor TFT connected to the pixel electrode will be described. In the present invention, 'as described above' is a so-called active matrix type LCD in which each pixel has a thin film transistor, and as shown in FIG. 6 'between the pixel electrode 200 formed on the first substrate side and the substrate 100 The thin film electric a body TFT is formed. In addition, in order to efficiently dispose the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 220 in a pixel region as much as possible, in particular, the opening D ratio of the penetration region 210 is not lowered, so that it is generally formed in the transmissive LCD. The TFT of the light-shielding region is disposed in the reflective region 220 which does not affect the aperture ratio even if the TFT is provided. In the present embodiment, the top gate type is used as the TFT, and the surname is obtained by laser annealing and amorphizing the amorphous crystals (a - Si). ) as the active layer 20. Of course, the TFT is not limited to the top gate p, si ' or the bottom gate type, and the active layer may also be a-si. The impurities doped in the source/drain regions 2〇s and 20d of the TFT active layer 20 may be either a conductive type or a p-conductive type, but in the present embodiment, 'system 22 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 . Patent Application No. 99130153 | 100 years 丨 0 曰 25 曰 Correction replacement page. The n-〇h type TFT which is filled with an impurity such as η conductivity type is used. The active layer 20 of the TFT is covered by a gate insulating film 3, and the gate insulating film 30 is opened. The gate electrode 32 is made of a metal material having a high melting point and a gate line. After the gate electrode 32 is formed, the impurity electrode is formed in the active layer 2 by using the 5 and the electrode 32 as a mask. The dopant and the drain region are 2〇s, 2〇d. And a channel region 20c forming an undoped shell. Then, the TFTs 110 are formed to cover the entire surface of the TFTs 110. After the contact holes are formed in the p-view film 34, an electrode material is formed, and the source electrodes 4 are respectively connected to the p through the contact holes.

The source region of the Si active layer 20 is 2 〇s, and the electrodeless electrode 36 is connected to the drain region 20d. Further, in the present embodiment, the electrodeless electrode 36 also serves as a signal line for supplying a data signal corresponding to the display content to each of the TFTs 11G. On the other hand, the 'source electrode 40' is connected to the first electrode 2?0 which is a pixel electrode as will be described later. Further, as the electrode electrode 36 and the source electrode 4, for example, A1 or the like is used. After the formation of the electrode electrode 40 and the electrodeless electrode 36, the substrate is covered with a flat layer of a resin material such as a dilute resin. The formation region of the source electrode 4 of the two-hole insulating film 38 is formed. The connection metal layer 42 is formed in the hole, and the source electrode 40 and the metal layer 42 are connected. Source electrode = When metal layer 42 is made of metal such as Mo (4) ^ 1 and A1 4 is used, the material 枓 ' makes the source electrode 40 contact the gold, and M and TFTU() are active. Layer 2 is in contact with W. 4 gold shot and so (four) return ^ establish ohmic connection 317049D1D1 (revision) 23

Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 100, revised, replacement page VIII, f-joining metal layer 42 lamination and patterning, first on the substrate κ; 1 · I, plating, machine money, etc. A1_Nd alloy for laminated reflective layer , A1, etc.

$ ' ^ Better reflective material layer. Laminated the layer of reflective material from the TFT, the second! The vicinity of the area (the formation area of the metal 35 &) is removed. 俾 Does not hinder the metal layer 4·?

The pixel electrode 2〇〇 formed after the second time is in contact with the TFT and is removed by the same 4, and does not remain in the penetration region, but is formed in the reflection region of each pixel as shown in the above FIG. A reflective layer 44 of the pattern. Further, in order to prevent a leakage current from being generated by "lighting" in the tft (especially the channel region 20c), and in order to maximize the reflectable region (i.e., the display region >', in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, The reflective layer 44 is also actively formed in the region above the channel of the TFT 110.

When the patterning of the reflective layer 44 is made, the metal layer 42 composed of the above M 〇 or the like has a sufficient thickness (e.g., G. 2_) and is sufficiently resistant to the immersion liquid. Therefore, after the reflective layer 44 on the metal layer 42 is removed, the metal layer 42 may not be completely removed and remain in the contact hole. In addition, in many cases, the source electrode 40 or the like is composed of the same material (A1 or the like) as the reflective layer 44, so when the metal layer 42 is not present, the source electrode 40 is affected by the (four) liquid layer of the reflective layer 44. And a broken line is generated. However, in the present embodiment, by providing the metal layer 42, the patterning of the reflective layer 44 can be withstood, and a good electrical connection with the source electrode 4 can be maintained. After the patterning of the reflective layer 44, the entire surface of the substrate including the reflective layer 44 is covered by sputtering a laminated transparent conductive layer. Here, the surface of the reflective layer 44 composed of A1 or the like as described above is naturally insulated at this time. 24 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition)

I3548JJ Patent Application No. 99130153 On October 25, 1999, the replacement of the yellow oxide film was replaced, and the high melting point of M〇 was hired 1 - the surface was not oxidized. Therefore, the exposed metal layer 42 of the pixel layer laminated on the metal layer 42 in the exposed light exposure environment can be in contact with the solder. Furthermore, the transparent conductive layer H has a transparent conductive layer between the two, and is separated from each pixel after being removed, and the third/inner common to the reflective area and the transparent area, and for example, 'patterned into a slender hexagonal shape, which results in

1豕Beijing electrode 2〇〇. In addition, the continuation of the surface of the J-covered substrate, the surface of the J-covered substrate, and the alignment of the electrode 200, and the alignment film 260 composed of polyimine, etc., two: Figure =:, back gap adjustment portion 34n s ^ 8 of 4> a color light layer, a common electrode 320', etc., and a dog-shaped portion 510 «l〇r, 510t), and an alignment film 260 formed by covering the crucible, and the second substrate 300 and the The first two-reverse 100 is separated by a septum and bonded to the peripheral portion of the substrate, and liquid crystal is sealed between the substrates to obtain an LCD. 300 Further, in the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, 'the second substrate is co-energized; the ^320 system is formed on the upper layer of the gap adjusting portion 34, and the desired position of the common electrode 320 is A protrusion 51〇 is formed. As shown in Fig. 4, the common electrode 320 may be 300 as shown in Fig. 4 and below the gap adjusting portion 34Q (actually, formed on the second substrate).

Mo is between the t color light-passing layer and the gap adjusting portion 340). When the gap adjusting portion is not thick, as shown in FIG. 4, after the gap adjusting portion 34G lowers the square electrode $320, the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 410 becomes extremely 20 (/ In the case where a high voltage is applied between the common electrode 320 and the pixel power, or the gap adjusting portion 340 is not too thick, 25 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 1995 Further, a configuration shown in Fig. 4 can be employed. Next, another example of the configuration of each pixel of the transflective LCD of the present embodiment will be described. Fig. 7 is a view showing a basic plane configuration of a semi-transmissive LCD of another example. Fig. 8 is a basic sectional structure taken along the line C-C' of Fig. 7. Further, the basic sectional structure along the line D-D' of Fig. 7 is the same as the basic sectional structure shown in Fig. 5. The structure shown in FIG. 3 is different in that the shape of the pixel electrode 240 is first rectangular in the example of FIG. 7, and is equivalent to the square of each of the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 220. The position of the quadrangular oblique side is formed with a slight X word. The protrusions 510t and 510r are used as the alignment control unit 500. The alignment control unit 500 forms the alignment direction of the liquid crystal in the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 220 with the protrusions 510t and 51 Or as the boundary. In addition, in the four regions, the viewing angle of the slanting portion 520 of the gap adjusting portion 340 is formed on the second substrate 300 side as described above. 500, at the same time, an electrodeless portion (slit: window 530s) 530 which is juxtaposed with the slope portion 520 and extends in the horizontal scanning direction is formed on the pixel electrode 200. Therefore, in the boundary region between the penetration region 210 and the reflection region 220' On the second electrode side, the initial alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled by the inclined surface (inclined portion 520) of the gap adjusting portion 340 so as to be perpendicular to the inclined surface, and the first substrate side is the eighth electrode by the electrodeless portion 530s. The inclination of the weak electric field shown in the figure controls the alignment of the liquid crystal to a different direction angle at which the electrodeless portion 530s is at the boundary. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably perform the penetration at 26,317,049 D1D1 (revision) 1354833. Domain 210 and the reflective electrode 22〇 cutting. Patent Application No. 99130153 1〇〇 amended on October 25, the liquid crystal near the boundary of alignment of the replacement page points

And the edge of d = and the protrusion 5W ^ 1 is different from the form shown in the above figure 3, but the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystal controlled by the alignment control unit 500 in the second Erit It form is also And having the alignment with the alignment _ portion _ toward the plane of the substrate

The hatching intersects the reading mode and its tendency to control (4) 5 (9) (4) The angular difference of the azimuth angle of the liquid crystal is not (10) degrees at any intersection. Therefore, it is possible to surely prevent the occurrence of the disclination line in each of the alignment areas of (4), such as at an indefinite position. Further, by using the map 帛' of the alignment control unit 5G0 shown in the third figure and the seventh figure, the minimum number of alignment divisions can be achieved and the alignment division can be surely performed by the minimum alignment control unit. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal used in the present embodiment is black in a voltage non-applied state (that is, a vertical alignment state), and is not only directly above the gap of the pixel electrode 2, but also in the other alignment control portion 5 The position directly above the 〇〇 (protrusion 51 〇, the inclined portion 520 and the slit 530 s), even if a sufficient voltage is applied between the common electrode 320 and the pixel electrode 200, the alignment state of the liquid crystal hardly changes from the vertical alignment. The status changes without affecting the display. Therefore, the arrangement of the unnecessary alignment control unit 5 causes the aperture ratio of the LCD to decrease. However, if it is the design shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 described above, the opening π ratio can be minimized, and the viewing angle can be enlarged and the quality can be improved. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 respectively show another modification of the configuration shown in Fig. 3, the above-mentioned Fig. 3, 317,049, D1, D1 (Revised), 1 354, 833, and No. 99,130, 153. • First, in Figure 9, the shape of the whole surface is made, which makes the flat makeup fault 250 of the reflective area 220 form as an arrow feather _* the same point is 'the same as the rest of the c picture, but the direction of the drum The shape or the slightly hourglass shape, or the pattern is a shape that is disposed so as to be laterally oppositely connected to the plane of the protrusion 51Gt. The intersection of the transparent area of the line 21 〇 二 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Because the angle difference between the azimuth angles of the liquid crystal molecules is still == the intersection of the alignment portions 510t of the liquid crystals of the region, the image is extended from the vertical direction of the projections oc-n ^ ^ ^ Engage the pixel electrode of the pixel electrode 25() on the lower side of the 2G side of the 25G. The image of the pixel electrode along the vertical scanning direction = the right side, and the degree, in this area, the angle of the edge of the circle is not To 90 (in the example of Fig. 9, the ratio is 45 to η: the maximum difference is not within 90 degrees of the two alignments $ is smaller). Therefore, 'in the penetration area 210 at the ι〇Λ in the uncentered direction Wrong line. The shape of the region 210 is as follows: the shape of the pixel electrode 252 is an arrow feather shape, the pixel of the penetrating shape and (4) are the same as those of the third figure, but the arrow feather is used to divide the shape of the liquid ^ 220 of the area, and set different. g The length of the forming portion of the starting portion 51 is shorter. In the example of the first drawing, the reflecting region (10) is also an intersection of the η-shaped shape, and the cutting region 220 and the penetrating region 21 are cut and cut. The portion 340 ^ font-shaped inclined portion 520 performs the aligning of the V-shaped apex and the pixel electrode 317049D1D1 in the reflection area 蜮 220 (revision) 28 Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, pp. A vertex 51()r is formed on the second substrate side (on the gap adjusting portion) along the line perpendicular to the scanning direction of the apex of the same V sub-shape, and the reflecting portion 220 is horizontally swept with the protruding portion 5i〇r as a boundary. In the configuration, there are two right and left alignment regions. In this configuration, the alignment azimuth of the liquid crystal controlled by any alignment control unit and the other alignment control unit having the charge intersecting with the alignment control unit _ toward the substrate plane The angle difference between the azimuth angles of the liquid crystals controlled by _ is the relationship of less than (10) degrees, so a good alignment can be performed. Next, the driving voltage and transmittance of the vertical alignment type semi-transmissive (10) of the present embodiment and the addition of the long line (4)^11 show the applied voltage (v) and the transmittance (arbitrary unit) applied to the liquid crystal. The relationship 'is the relationship between the applied voltage and the transmittance of the vertical alignment liquid crystal cell represented by (del—her...(1), in other words, the relationship between the applied voltage and the transmittance when changing the structure of the liquid crystal cell. Among them, in the U-picture, wli 55 〇 nm (green). In the above formula (1), (del-ro is the birefringence of the liquid crystal layer (ie, refractive index anisotropy) (Δ〇, d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (cell gap)' wl In the small LCD such as a mobile phone that is mounted on a portable device or the like, it is desirable to reduce power consumption and reduce the driving voltage, etc. From the U-picture, for example, the value of (1) above is ι 〇 U 'The applied voltage is used to achieve the maximum penetration rate. If the value is 1.1 or 12, the driving voltage can be less than 3 V. By adjusting the d value, the same liquid crystal material is used. When the light source is used, it can also be driven by a non-low voltage. , d value as shown in the ith _, the second figure, etc. 'can be adjusted by the gap adjustment unit 34G, color 詹 詹 or flattened insulation 317049D1D1 (revision) 29 1354833 ____ No. 99130153 special ^ - 100 years October 25 曰The thickness of the replacement layer 38 is corrected and adjusted. In addition, the understanding of the "wl" component of the formula (i) shows that the transmittance characteristic of the LCD of the present embodiment has wavelength dependence. In Fig. 12, • When the thickness (cell gap) d of all the liquid crystal layers of each of the R, G, and B pixels is constant, the transmittance characteristics with respect to the applied voltage are R (630 nm), G (550 nm), and B (460 nm). In contrast, FIG. 13 shows that, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the color filter layers 330r, 330g, and 33b are changed at each of R, G, and B (by the gap adjusting portion 340). The relationship between the LCD applied voltage and the transmittance is adjusted by the thickness of the liquid crystal cell gap d. It can be seen from Fig. 13 that the cell gap d is set to be desired by r, G, and B, respectively. The value of the R, G, B arbitrary light has the same transmittance characteristics for the applied voltage of each pixel. Therefore, it is known that the β-type composition can be driven by a voltage of less than 3 V as shown in the above-mentioned U-th diagram, and RG and B can be driven by the same-amplitude display signal. Figure 15 shows the chromaticity (X-Y coordinate of CIE) • The voltage dependence is applied. The 14th picture shows the liquid crystal cell gap in the R, G, B 4 mesh LCD as shown in Fig. 12. The voltage applied to the liquid crystal is set to 1.5V, 2.0V, 2.3V, 2. 6V, 3. 色v when the chromaticity changes, Figure 15 is as shown in Figure 13, adjusted in R, G, B respectively 5V,2. 3V,2. 6V, 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 ^ The change in the chromaticity of ον. As can be seen from the comparison between Fig. 14 and Fig. 15, by adjusting the cell gaps in R, G, and Β, it is possible to improve the applied voltage dependence of changing the chromaticity, that is, the chromaticity deviation when the voltage is applied, and in various 30 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153 October 25, 1995 Correction of an LCD with a small chromaticity deviation when driving in a voltage range of a replacement page. [Embodiment 2] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described, that is, an aspect in which display quality is improved in color display. Hereinafter, the color display of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device will be described as an example. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device has wide viewing angle characteristics, high contrast characteristics, and has the advantage of eliminating the need for the rubbing treatment of the alignment film. In the related vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal have a characteristic of being oriented perpendicular to the direction of the electric field because the liquid crystal has a characteristic of negative dielectric anisotropy. This liquid crystal display device employs a vertical alignment film as an alignment film for controlling the initial alignment of the liquid crystal, and uses an organic material such as polyimide or polyamide as the material of the vertical alignment film. In the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device, when no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal molecules are controlled by the vertical alignment film to be oriented in the normal direction of the substrate formed by the vertical alignment film. When a voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the common electrode to generate an electric field in the normal direction of the substrate, the liquid crystal molecules in the region where the electric field is controlled are reversed to the direction perpendicular to the electric field. Thereby, the phase of the incident light transmitted to the liquid crystal changes. When the distance (gap) between the substrates of the liquid crystal is taken as d, the refractive index of the liquid crystal is taken as Δη, and the wavelength of light is taken as Λ, the phase change of the incident light transmitted to the liquid crystal is Αικί/λ. Then, by passing the light that has passed through the liquid crystal through the polarizing plate attached to the substrate, the transmittance of the incident light can be changed, and a desired liquid crystal display can be obtained. In this case, for example, the first 31 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 __ Patent Application No. 99130153 丨 10 10 10 10 10 10 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Display, and when the voltage* is applied, the transmittance of the incident light is maximized with a certain voltage (white voltage White). (4) This type of vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device has recently been developed as a full-color vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device having pixels of RGB3 primary colors. However, in the full-color vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device, since the wavelength of the light passing through the color filter layer of the color different from each pixel of the RGB3 primary color is different depending on each pixel, it is impossible to penetrate with a certain amount of electricity. The rate is the highest. That is, as shown in Fig. 17C, the ν τ characteristic (the characteristic of the transmittance applied to the liquid crystal) differs depending on each RGB pixel. In the ν_τ characteristic, the transmittance Τ increases as the liquid crystal applied electric 麈 ν increases, and if the maximum value is exceeded, the steering decreases. In the RGB, the B (blue) with the lowest transmittance and the transmittance T is increased, and the white voltage Vwhite is set as the liquid crystal application voltage V. When the white voltage Vwhite is applied, 'because 〇 (green) and R (red) do not reach 100% transmittance, the white color is recognized as being blue. Therefore, the liquid crystal application voltage (driving voltage) of the R pixel is increased, and the problem of such color shift can be improved, but the problem of an increase in the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device arises. Figure 16 is a vertical alignment type liquid crystal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Sectional view of the TfC St 5E device. It is to be noted that the same components as those in the first embodiment (particularly in the first embodiment) are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and includes a penetration region and a reflection region in each pixel corresponding to the display of the RGB 3 primary colors, regardless of 32 317049 D1D1 (corrected version) "54833 _-, 99130153 The patent application was amended on October 25, 100. The surrounding environment is bright or dim. The semi-transmissive LCD is easy to observe. However, it is also applicable to the penetrating lcd or reflective type of pixels with RGB3 primary colors. In the first glass substrate 100, a liquid crystal driving TFT 20 is formed in each of the RGB3 primary colors, and an interlayer insulating film covering the liquid crystal driving TFTs 20 is formed (on which a planarizing insulating film is formed) Preferably, the pixel electrode 200 is formed in each of the pixel regions on the interlayer insulating film 34. The transparent electrode 21 is formed by the transparent electrode 21 in the transparent region, and the pixel electrode 200 is formed by, for example, aluminum. The reflective electrode 220 made of a material having good reflection characteristics forms the pixel electrode 200. In the B pixel, the reflective electrode 220(b) transmits through the contact hole formed in the interlayer insulating film 34. The source or the drain of the liquid crystal driving TFT 20 is connected, and the reflective electrode 220 is in contact with and electrically connected to the transparent electrode 210. Similarly, in the G pixel and the R pixel, the 'reflective electrode 220' is also formed through the interlayer insulating film 34. The contact hole is connected to the source of the liquid crystal driving TFT 20 and/or the pole 'reflecting electrode 220, and is in contact with and electrically connected to the transparent electrode 210. When the reflective electrode 220 is in direct contact with the transparent electrode 210, it is difficult to be as described above. For the description of FIG. 6, it is preferable to insulate the reflective electrode 220 from the TFT 20 and directly cover the reflective electrode 220 to form a transparent electrode 210' transparent electrode 210 made of a transparent conductive metal oxide in the entire i pixel region. It is connected to the TFT 20 through a contact hole. A first vertical alignment film 262 made of an organic material such as polyimide or polyimide is formed, and the transparent electrode 21A and the reflective electrode 220 of each pixel are covered. 33 317049D1D1 (Revised version) 1354833 _ Patent No. 99130153, 'Revised replacement page on October 25, 100, and 'the second glass substrate 300 opposite to the first glass substrate 100 described above Arranging parallel to the substrate 100. On the opposite side of the second glass substrate 300 from the first glass substrate 100, corresponding to each pixel of the RGB3 primary color, from the second substrate 300 side or from the first figure The light source disposed on the first substrate 100 side or the light source from the light outside the second substrate 3 is incident on the liquid crystal layer 400, and the incident light that is incident on the second glass substrate 200 is filtered. The B color filter layer 332b that transmits blue light, the g color filter layer 332g that transmits green light, and the R color calender layer 332r that passes the red light. Further, in each of the reflection regions of the respective pixels, a region corresponding to the reflection region of the B color filter layer 332b is formed with a region in which the protruding portion 340b' formed of the photosensitive resin corresponds to the reflection region of the G color filter layer 332g. A protruding portion 340g formed of a photosensitive resin and a protruding portion 340r formed of a photosensitive resin are formed in a region corresponding to the reflective region of the R color filter layer 332r. The protrusions 340 (340b, 340g, and 340r) are the gap adjustment layers (gap adjustment protrusions) for adjusting the required gap in the reflection area and the penetration area as described in the first embodiment. By selectively providing the gap adjusting layer 340 in the reflective region, the opposing distance (gap) of the first glass substrate 100 and the second glass substrate 300 of the reflective region is made smaller than that of the transparent region, so that the reflection characteristics are good (in Display characteristics of the reflective area). Further, in this example, in each of the pixels of R, G, and B, the thickness of the protruding portion 340 is made common. Further, the B color filter layer 332b, the G color filter layer 332g, and the R color filter layer 332r respectively provided with the protrusions 340 are formed to be formed of ITO. 34 317049D1DK Rev. 1354833 - Patent No. 99130153 _ The transparent common electrode 320 of the replacement page _ of October 25, 100, and then covering the common electrode 320 to form a second vertical alignment film composed of an organic material such as polytheneimine or polyamine. . Then, a liquid crystal 400 having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed in a space between the first glass substrate 100 and the second glass substrate 300. The λ/4 plate 111 as a phase difference plate and the polarizing plate 112 are attached to the back surface (light emitting surface) of the first glass substrate 100. Similarly, a Λ/4 plate 111 as a phase difference plate and a polarizing plate 112 are attached to the back surface (light emitting surface) of the second glass substrate 200. Therefore, according to the voltage setting of the pixel electrode and the common electrode 214, when the liquid crystal 400 is applied without voltage, the incident light incident on the liquid crystal layer 400 is not emitted from the second glass substrate 300 side to the outside, thereby When the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 400, the light that is emitted to the outside from the side of the second glass substrate 300 corresponding to the voltage increases, that is, the transmittance of the incident light to the liquid crystal layer increases. In the second embodiment, the thickness of each of the color filter layers 332b, 332g, and 332r of B, G, and R is set. When the thickness of the B color filter layer 332b « φ is D-blue, the thickness of the G color filter layer 332g is D-green, and the thickness of the R color filter layer 332r is D-red. Then the relationship of D-blue2D-green>D-red is satisfied. In the penetration region of each pixel of RGB, the relationship between the gap (the thickness of the liquid crystal sandwiched between the two substrates) and the color filter layers is inversely related. That is, when the gap between the transparent regions of the B pixels is G-blue (T), the gap between the transparent regions of the G pixels is G-green (T), and the gap between the transparent regions of the R pixels is G-red (T), The relationship is G-red(T)2G-green(T)>G-blue(T). Thus, the thickness of the β color filter layer 201, the G color filter layer 202, and the R color filter layer 203 is set to 35 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 __99130153 Patent Application '100 October 25 Revision Replacement Page • The settings are different, so that the gaps of the pixels (also called the cell gap) are not uniform, and the V-τ characteristics of each pixel can be made uniform. Next, the V-T characteristics of each pixel of RGB will be described based on the experimental results shown in Fig. 2. In Figs. 17A to 17C, the horizontal axis represents the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 300, and the vertical axis represents the transmittance of incident light. First, as shown in Fig. 17C, in the case of D_blue=D_green=D_red (all cases where the thickness of the color/lighting layer is the same), the ν_τ characteristics of each ruler (3) are greatly different, as shown in the figure η, if set to D-blue>D-green> D-red, the VT characteristics of B and R pixels are close to the VT characteristics of G pixels. Further, by setting the thickness of the B color filter layer 332b, the G color filter layer 332g, and the β color filter layer 332, the respective gaps are set to G-red (T) = 4. 8 // m, G-green(T)=4· 〇" m, G_blue(T)=3 3 //m' so that the VT characteristics of RGB are approximately the same. Thereby, by selecting an appropriate white voltage White (e.g., 'the voltage having the highest transmittance v), the display of the colorless shift can be obtained under low voltage driving. • In addition, as shown in the figure, if D-blue=D-green>D-red' is set, the VT characteristics of B and G pixels are the same as those of 17C, and the VT characteristics of pixels are close to G pixels. The vT feature. Thus, compared with the V-T characteristic of the pc map, since the R pixel can obtain a high transmittance by a lower voltage v, the color shift problem can be improved. On the other hand, in the reflection region, gap adjusting layers (projections) 340r, 340g, and 340b of the respective RGB pixels are provided, and the respective color filter layers 332b, 332g, and 332r of b, g, and R are simultaneously present. Permeable area and reflective area. Therefore, the thickness of the replacement page 332S, 332 is corrected by the color passage layer 332b, 36 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 ___ Patent Application No. 99130153, as described above. The gap size relationship also has the same relationship with the penetration area. That is, if the boundary of the B image of the reflection region is G-blue (R), the gap of the G pixel is 〇_21^611 (the gap between the pixels of 1〇 and 1^ is G-red(R), and the protrusion When the heights of the portions 211, 212, and 213 are the same, the relationship is G-red (R) > G-green (R) 2G-blue (R). Thus, according to the second embodiment, the pixels of the RGB are The VR characteristic (reflectance is applied to the liquid crystal voltage characteristic) is also more uniform, so that the colorless display under low voltage driving can also be obtained. Next, the color filter layers 332r, 332g, and 332b of the above R, G, and B colors will be described. The color filter layer basically spin-coats the photosensitive resin containing the color pigment on the second glass substrate 300, and leaves the pattern in a predetermined area by exposure and development. In the second embodiment, since the thicknesses of the respective color filter layers are not completely the same, if a thick color filter layer, for example, the β color filter layer 332b is formed first, the unevenness of the surface of the second glass substrate 300 becomes large, and Other color filter layers, such as φ, such as the formation of the R color filter layer 332r, are difficult to generate. The thinnest r color filter layer 332r is formed in the order of the G color filter layer 332g and the B color filter layer 332b. This manufacturing step is easier to implement and is more desirable. In the B color filter layer 3321 When the thickness of the G color filter layer 332g is the same, the two color filter layers having the same thickness are formed in any order. [Embodiment 3] Next, a description will be given of Embodiment 3 of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of a schematic cross-sectional structure of a modified replacement page of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment, 37 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 _ Patent No. 99130153. The configuration of the second embodiment is the same as the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the third embodiment, in addition to the respective thicknesses of the respective gaps G, R, G, and B are formed. R, G, B color filter layers 330r, 330g, 330b on the second glass substrate 300 side, and protrusions 34 (34〇r, 340g, 340b for adjusting the gap difference between the penetration area and the reflection area) In addition, it is also used to adjust R, G, and B. The gap difference is φ the entire layer (gap layer) 350. Specifically, in the B and G pixel regions where the cell gap G is required to be smaller than the R pixel region, the respective photosensitive resin layers 350b and 350g are selectively selected. It is formed on the B color filter layer 33〇b and the G color; the light-reducing layer 330g is used as the adjustment layer 350. Here, the thickness of the photosensitive resin 350b on the B-color filter layer 33 is ti. The thickness of the photosensitive resin 350g on the G color filter layer 330g is t2. Further, if the gap of the penetration region of the B pixel (the liquid crystal thickness between the two substrates) is G_blue (T), it is set to t1 2 t2. If the gap between the penetration areas of the G pixels is • G—greenCT), and the gap between the penetration areas of the R pixels is G_red(T), then: G-red(T)>G-green(T) 2 G , blue (T) relationship. Further, in the third embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18, when the thicknesses of the respective color filter layers 330r, 330g, and 330b are the same, and the thicknesses of the protruding portions 340r, 34Gg, and 鸠 are also equal, When making 2, the 'cell gap' satisfies G-green=G, blue. The sample 'selectively forms the sensing resin layer 35 必要 in the necessary color region, and sets the gap of each pixel (also referred to as the cell gap) according to R, G, and B as 317049D1D1 (revision) 38 1354833 __ No. 99130153 The patent application, the most suitable value for the replacement page on October 25, 100, can make the V_T characteristics of each pixel of RGB uniform. Next, the ν-τ characteristic of each pixel having RGB is explained based on the experimental results shown in Figs. 19 to 19C. In the 19th to 19thth drawings, the horizontal axis is the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 400, and the vertical axis is the transmittance of the incident light. First, as shown in Fig. 19C, in the case of G to red (T) = G_green (T) = G-blue (T) (in the case where the photosensitive resin layers 25 〇 g and 250 b are not provided) The VT characteristics are very different. In contrast, as shown in the IgA diagram, if set to

G-red(T)>G-green(T)>G-blue(T) ' The VT characteristics of the B and R pixels are close to the characteristics of the G pixel (without correction, each of r, g, and b) The characteristics are as shown in () of Figure 19A, respectively). More specifically, by setting each gap of RGB to G-red=4. 8 # m, G-green=4. 〇〆m, G-blue=3.3#m', the VT characteristics of RGB are substantially the same. . Thus, by selecting the appropriate white voltage Vwhite (e.g., the voltage V at which the transmittance becomes the maximum), the display without color shift can be obtained under low voltage driving. In addition, as shown in Fig. 19B, if G_red(T)>G_green(T)=G-blue(T)' is set, the VT characteristics of the B and G pixels are the same as those of the i9C picture, and the VT characteristics of the R pixels. It is close to the ν_τ characteristic of the G pixel. Thus, compared with the V-T characteristic of Fig. 19C, in the R pixel, since the high transmittance can be obtained at a lower voltage V, the color shift problem can be improved. On the other hand, in the reflective region, each of the RGB pixels is provided with a protrusion 340' because the thickness of the protrusion 340 is set to be equal by R, 〇, b, and the gap size relationship of the reflection area is also penetrated. The aforementioned relationship of the area 317049D1D1 (revision) 39 ^54833 Patent application No. 99130153, October 25, 100, corrects the same relationship of the replacement page. In other words, when the gap between the β pixels of the reflection region is G-blueOO, the gap between the G pixels is G-green (R), and the gap between the R pixels is G-red (R), then: G-red (8) > G- Green(8) $G_blue(R) relationship. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, due to the fact that the reflectance is driven by the V-foot pressure of the liquid crystal on the liquid crystal, the display of the colorlessness is obtained. It is: ' _ can be in low power [simple description of the drawing] 〃 ° 1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of a transparent cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal according to a first aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view showing a vertical alignment type half-through of another schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention. The schematic plane of the type (10) constitutes a more detailed schematic diagram of the semi-transparent pattern of Figure 1 along the schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 3. The semi-transmissive LCD of the A-shaped position is shown in Figure 5. A semi-transmissive LCD showing a B-shaped position, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the figure, is shown in Fig. 3, and the pixel electrode connected to the TFT connected thereto is shown in Fig. 7 in relation to the present invention. A schematic plan view of a semi-transparent LCD having an embodiment different from that of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a transflective LCD along the line CC of Fig. 7. 317049D1DH Revised Edition) Patent Application No. 99130153 October 25, 100 Japanese Correction Replacement Page 9: You are a schematic diagram of the schematic configuration of the variant of the semi-transparent LCD of Figure 3, which is not the third embodiment. A schematic diagram of a surface configuration of another modification of the LCD. The phase Y is the 垂直 of the vertical alignment type semi-transmissive LCD of the first embodiment. (10) The relationship between the transmittance characteristic of the applied voltage and the single-it structure The schematic phase 2 is a schematic diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the transmittance characteristics of the wide voltage in the vertical alignment type semi-transmissive LCD of the first embodiment.

The figure is a schematic diagram of the wavelength dependence of the characteristics of the vertical alignment type transflective LCD of the first embodiment and 13 after adjusting the gap of the liquid crystal cell with respect to the applied voltage. The first Λ lcd diagram shows the chromaticity coordinates of the vertical alignment type semi-transmissive type = chromaticity of the first embodiment with respect to the dependence of the applied voltage. Fig. 5 is a view showing the chromaticity coordinates of the dependence of the chromaticity with respect to the applied voltage after the liquid crystal cell gap is adjusted by R, G, and B in the vertical alignment type semi-transmissive type of the present embodiment. Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 17A, 17B, and 17C are views showing the relationship between the ν_τ characteristics of each RGB pixel and the cell gap. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 19A, 19B, and 19C show the ν_τ characteristic of the RGB pixel and the liquid 317049D1D1 (revision) 41 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 1995. [Main component symbol description]

20 active layer 30 gate insulating film 32 gate electrode 34 interlayer insulating film 36 electrodeless electrode 38 planarizing insulating film 40 source electrode 42 metal layer 44 reflective layer 100 first glass substrate 110 circular polarizing plate 111 λ / 4 plate 112 Polarizing plate 200 pixel electrode 210 transparent electrode 220 reflective electrode 260 alignment film 300 second glass substrate 310 phase difference plate 320 transparent common electrode 330, 330r, 330g, 330b color filter layer 330BM black light shielding layer 340 gap adjusting portion 400 liquid crystal layer 410 Liquid crystal pointing 500 (530) alignment control portion 510, 510t, 510r protrusion 520 inclined portion 600 light source 42 317049D1D1 (revision)

Claims (1)

1354833 VII. Patent Application Range: i. Announcement Patent Application No. 99130153, October 25, 100, revised replacement page 1. A liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels and having commonality on a first substrate having pixel electrodes A vertical alignment type liquid crystal is sealed between the second substrates of the electrodes, wherein the shape of each pixel is longer than the length in the column direction, and each pixel is divided by a boundary line extending in the column direction and bent into a V shape. a first pixel region and a second pixel region having different areas; the end of the first pixel region is formed by cutting into the second pixel region; and the preferential viewing angle of the first pixel region and the priority viewing angle of the second pixel region It has an angular difference of 90 degrees or less. 2. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the preferential viewing angle of the first pixel region is perpendicular to the row direction; and the preferential viewing angle of the second pixel region is perpendicular to the column direction. 3. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein in the first pixel region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is divided into two different regions, and in the second pixel region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is divided. Become two different areas. 4. The liquid crystal display device of claim 3, wherein, in the first pixel region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is controlled to be oriented in a direction perpendicular to the row direction, and in the second pixel region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is Control is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the column direction. 5. The liquid crystal display device of claim 2, wherein the area of the first pixel region is larger than the surface of the second pixel region 43 317049D1D1 (revision) 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153 October 25, the replacement page 6. The liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels, and a vertical alignment type liquid crystal is sealed between the first substrate having the pixel electrode and the second substrate having the common electrode, wherein each The shape of the pixel is longer than the length of the column direction; each pixel is divided into a first pixel region and a second pixel region having different areas by a boundary line extending in the column direction; in the first pixel region, The liquid crystal alignment direction is divided into four regions having an angular difference of 90 degrees or less between each other, and in the second pixel region, the liquid crystal alignment direction is divided into four having 90 degrees or less between each other. The area of the angle difference. 7. The liquid crystal display device of claim 6, wherein the four alignment directions in the first pixel region are the same as the four alignment directions in the second pixel region. 8. The liquid crystal display device of claim 6, wherein the four regions of the first pixel region and the liquid crystal regions of the four regions of the second pixel region have the same preferential viewing angle. 9. The liquid crystal display device of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the area of the first pixel region is smaller than the area of the second pixel region. 44 317049D1D1 (Revised Edition) 1354833 Patent Application No. 99130153 100 Years Announcement Replacement Page on October 25 IV. Designated Representative Map·· - (1) The representative representative of the case is (3). (2) A brief description of the component symbols of the representative drawing. · 200 pixel electrode 210 Transparent electrode 220 Reflecting electrode 410 Liquid crystal pointing 500 Alignment control unit 510 Projection portion 520 Inclined portion When there is a chemical formula on the right, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention. : This case does not represent a chemical formula 317049D1D1 (revision) 2